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(共32张PPT)
1
虚拟语气
考点1 虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法
I ran away as fast as possible lest he____ up with me.
A. should catch B. had caught
C. would catch D. caught
A
1. 目的状语从句（lest, for fear that, in case 引导）
结构：从句谓语用“should + 动词原形 ”，其中“should ”可省略，
表达“唯恐、免得、以防 ”某事发生。
例：He spoke in a low voice lest he (should) wake the baby. 他小声说话，唯恐吵醒婴儿。
例：Take an umbrella in case it (should) rain. 带把伞，以防下雨。
虚拟语气
考点2 虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法
He is working with Tom right now; otherwise he ___to the party.
A. would have come B. would come
C. came D. had come
B
二、虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法
含蓄条件句是指没有明确的 if 引导的条件状语从句，而是通过介词
（短语）、副词、分词、不定式、名词短语等隐含条件，其虚拟结构
与“if 引导的条件状语从句的虚拟 ”一致，需根据“对现在、过去、将来的假设 ”来判断结构。
1. 由介词（短语）引导（without, but for, in the absence of 等，表“如果没有 ”）
对现在/将来假设：主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形 ”； 对过去假设：主句用“would/should/could/might + have + 过去分
词 ”。
二、虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法
2. 由副词引导（otherwise, or 等，表“否则、不然 ”）
结构同“介词引导的含蓄条件句 ”，根据时间维度判断。
。 例：I was busy that day; otherwise, I would have gone to see you. （那天我很忙，不然我就去看你了。 （对过去假设））
。 例：Hurry up, or we would miss the train.（快点，否则我们会错过火车。 （对将来假设））
虚拟语气
3. We missed the last train to London, or we ____ more museums the day before yesterday.
A. had been visited B. would have visited
C. would visit D. had visited
B
虚拟语气
虚拟句：
1. 什么是虚拟： 非真实
2. 虚拟的变化： 谓语动词改变时态
3. 两种虚拟： If虚拟条件句 名词性从句虚拟
真实条件句
虚拟条件句
If it doesn ’t rain, we will go to the park next Sunday.
虚拟语气
If条件状语从句 :
虚拟语气
If虚拟条件句 :
虚拟语气
If虚拟条件句 :
1. 从句往前推
2. 主句4+1
3. 将来同现在
时间范围 if从句 主句
假设过去 had done would could should might
+ have done
假设现在 did(were)
+ do
假设将来
+ do
虚拟语气
If虚拟条件句 :
1. 从句往前推
2. 主句4+1
3. 将来同现在
did(were)
were to do should do
虚拟语气
If虚拟条件句 :
假设过去
If we hadn't made adequate preparations ，the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。
The flood might have caused great damage to the people if we hadn't built so many reservoirs.
倘若我们没有修建这么多的水库，洪水就会使人民遭受巨大损失了。
You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
考点3 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法(尤其是对过去情况的
虚拟)
1. your letter I would have written back two days ago.
A. If I received B. Should I receive
C. Had I received D. If I have received
C
虚拟语气
If虚拟条件句 :
假设现在
He wouldn't feel so cold if he were indoors.
他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了。
I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time ，I would certainly go to
the movies with you.
我很抱歉，现在很忙。如果有时间，我肯定陪你去看电影了。
3.lfI _____you, I _____invite him to go to see a movie.
A . am;would B . were;will C. were;would D . was;will
考点3 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法(尤其是对现在情况的
虚拟)
2. If I rich now, I would help her turn her dream of st arting her own business into reality.
A. was B. were
C. had been D. would be
B
虚拟语气
If虚拟条件句 :
假设将来
If he were here this evening ，we would play cards.
如果他今晚在这里的话，我们就玩牌。
If she were to marry Jack ，she would be happy.
如果嫁给杰克，她会幸福的。
虚拟语气
4.If it ______ tomorrow, we would have to cancel the picnic.
A. rains B. rained C. would rain D. should rain
4.虚拟语气在省略 if的非真实条件句中的用法
当虚拟条件句中含有were ， had或 should时，可以省略if，并把这些词提至句首，
以强调假设条件的虚拟性或突出说话人的主观愿望。
Were I you, I would directly refuse his unreasonable demand.
如果我是你，我就会直接拒绝他的不合理要求。
Should I have enough money, I would buy the beautiful house.
要是我有足够多的钱，我就会买下那所漂亮的房子。
5.虚拟语气在错综时间条件句中的用法
在非真实条件句中，主句和从句所指的时间一般情况下应该是一致的，但有时主句和从句动作发生的时间不一致，这时主句和从句谓语动词的形式应根据句意和各自的时间状语来确定。
If they had left home in the early morning, they would arrive in half an hour. (从句是对过去情况的假设，主句是对将来情况的假设)
要是他们一大早就离开家的话，再过半个小时他们就会到了。
If you hesitated at this moment, you might regret it in the future.
(从句是对现在情况的假设，主句是对将来情况的假设)
虚拟语气
名词性从句的虚拟 :
名词性从句包括： 宾语从句/表语从句/主语从句/同位语从句
虚拟的条件： 只要主句中有表示“建议/命令/要求”的词 （无论词性是什么）从句要虚拟， 谓语动词= （should） +动词原形
虚拟语气
名词性从句的虚拟 :
This year， it was proposed that the system (should) be changed.
I Suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should) be sent there.
虚拟语气
名词性从句的虚拟 :
1.表达和建议、 要求、 命令、 主张等含义相关的名词性从句， 用主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略） 结构。 具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式：
一坚持 （主张） ： insist
二命令： order， command
三要求： require， request， demand
四建议： suggest， advise， propose， recommend
例如：
It was suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（主语从句）
I suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（宾语从句）
I had a suggestion that he（should）join in the club activities.（同位语从句） My suggestion was that he（should）join in the club activities.（表语从句)
考点4 虚拟语气在名词性从句 (尤其是主语从句和宾语从句)中的
用法
1. It is very important that you with Mr. Williams immedi ately.
A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak
2. The guide insisted that the tourists her tightly when they
were touring.
A. followed B. should followC. must followD. be followed
A
B
三、虚拟语气在某些句型中的用法
▲1.虚拟语气在 It is(high/ about) time(that).句型中的用法
▲ 在 It is(high/ about) time (that).句型中, 后面的从句要用虚拟语气, 谓语动词多用过去式；有时也用“should+动词原形 ”的形式， should不可省略，意为“该是 … … 的时候了 ”。
It is high time(that) you learnt/ learned/ should learn something from your
past lessons.
2.虚拟语气在 if only 句型中的用法
if only引起的感叹句应用虚拟语气，表达的意思与I wish 相近，表示愿望。谓语动词的形式与wish 后的宾语从句中谓语动词的形式相同，可分为以下三种情况：
表示现在还没有实现的愿望，谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)； 表示过去没有实现的愿望，谓语动词用“had+过去分词 ”的形式；
表示将来没有可能实现的愿望，谓语动词用“would/ could/ might+动词原形 ”的形式。
2.虚拟语气在 if only 句型中的用法
If only my elder sister were younger!
我姐姐要是年轻一点就好了！
If only I had not been busy last week!
要是我上周不忙该多好啊！
If only she would go to London with me!
她要是和我一起去伦敦就好了！
1. If he ____ in completing the training program, he would have got the job.
A. succeeds B. has succeeded
C. succeeded D. had succeeded
2. It's a very popular play, and I think it is advisable that you____
seats in advance.
A. book B. booked
C. will book D. would book
D
A
4. The manager demanded that all employees ____ on time.
A. be B. are
C. to be D. would be
5. Our teacher suggested that each of us ____ a study plan for the lon
g summer vacation.
A. make B. made
C. will makeD. would make
A
A
6. If you had told me earlier, I ___ to meet you at the hotel.
A. had come B. will have come
C. would come D. would have come
7. If she ___ here last night, she wouldn't have been caught in the h
eavy rain
A. came B. was coming
C. would come D. had come
D
D

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