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(共27张PPT)
同位语从句
目录
1.同位语从句定义
2.同位语从句连接词
3.同位语定语从句区分
4.总结及练习
1.同位语从句定义
1.同位语从句定义
This is Stitch，a running boy.
同位语
The fact that he won the award surprised everyone.
主
系
表
主
谓
宾
同位语从句
同位语：对一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明的词叫同位语。
同位语从句：句子中同位语的位置被一个从句代替，解释抽象名词。
常用抽象名词
抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质或其他抽象概念的名词。
advice
建议
answer回答
belief信仰
assumption假设
demand要求
fear
恐惧
doubt怀疑
fact
事实
hope希望
idea
想法
knowledge 知识
opinion观点
news新闻
order命令
plan
计划
opinion观点
problem问题
suggestion建议
thought想法
determination决心
command命令
condition条件
常用抽象名词
agreement共识
evidence证据
possibility可能性
message
信息
question问题
phenomenon现象
instruction指示
explanation解释
feeling感觉
conclusion结论
motion
动机
preference偏好
report
报道
warning
警告
promise
承诺
常用抽象名词
2.同位语从句连接词
从属连词
that
whether
连接代词
·what·which
·whose·who·whom
（ever）
连接副词
·how·when
·where·why
（ever）
2.同位语从句连接词
从属连词-that&whether
We heard the news that he had agreed it.
that：无词义，不做成分
whether：是否，不做成分
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
从属连词-that&whether
从属连词
宾语从句
主语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
that
whether
if
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
连接代词-what&which
I have no idea what he wants to do
what：什么，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语
which：哪一个，在从句中作定语，后接名词
I have no idea which dress is the most beautiful.
连接代词-who&whom&whose
I have no idea who will be the winner.
who：谁，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语
whom：谁，在从句中作宾语
whose：谁的，在从句中作定语
I have no idea whom he is waiting for.
I have no idea whose pen it is .
连接副词-when&where&why
I have no idea when he came here.
when：何时，在从句中作时间状语
where：何地，在从句中作地点状语
why：为什么，在从句中作原因状语
I have no idea where he went.
I have no idea why he came here .
连接副词-how
I have no idea how he finishes it on time.
how：（1）如何，在从句中作方式状语
（2）多么，在从句中作程度状语
I have no idea how much it cost.
2.同位语从句连接词-全部不可省略
功能 连接词
从属 连词 只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。 that, whether
连接 代词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主/宾/表/定语）。 who, what，whose, which
连接 副词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（时间/地点/原因/方式/程度状语）。 when, where, why, how
复合代词 & 复合副词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主语、宾语、表语或定语、状语）。 whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however
3.同位语定语从句区分
3.同位语定语从句区分-1.看名词及性质
The fact that he won the award surprised everyone.
同位语从句
定语从句
The boy that won the award surprised everyone.
同位语从句：名词性从句，先行词大多是抽象名词；
定语从句：形容词性从句，先行词可以为任何名词、代词。
3.同位语定语从句区分-2.看功能意义
The fact that he won the award surprised everyone.
主
谓
宾
同位语从句
The boy that won the award surprised everyone.
主
谓
宾
定语从句
3.同位语定语从句区分-2.看功能意义
定语从句
The boy surprised everyone.
The boy won the award.
有共同主语！
是对先行词进行修饰或限定。
The boy that won the award surprised everyone.
3.同位语定语从句区分-2.看功能意义
The fact that he won the award surprised everyone.
同位语从句
The fact surprised everyone.
he won the award.
无共同主语！
对前面名词进一步解释说明
The fact =he won the award.
3.同位语定语从句区分-3.看引导词that
The fact that he won the award surprised everyone.
同位语从句
定语从句
The boy that won the award surprised everyone.
同位语从句：去掉了that后面的句子依然完整；
定语从句：因为that作成分，that去掉句子不完整。
The fact he won the award surprised everyone.
去掉that，后面的句子意义完整。
The boy won the award surprised everyone.去掉that，后面的句子缺成分。
3.同位语定语从句区分-4.看引导词wh-
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句：wh-翻译为本意
定语从句：wh-指代先行词。
I have no idea who is her teacher.我不知道谁是她的老师。
who为本意“谁”
The girl who is holding a baby is my aunt.抱着一个小宝贝的女人是我阿姨。
who指代the woman
3.同位语定语从句区分
类别
名词及性质
功能
意义
引导词that
引导词wh-
同位语从句
定语从句
名词性，先行词抽象名词
形容词性，先行词任意名词代词
无共同主语！
对前面名词进一步解释说明
有共同主语！
是对先行词进行修饰或限定。
去掉了that后面的句子依然完整
that去掉句子不完整
wh-翻译为本意
wh-指代先行词
4.总结及练习
4.总结及练习
1.定义：
同位语从句：句子中同位语的位置被一个从句代替。
2.引导词：
(1).从属连词：that、whether、
(2).连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever
(3).连接副词：when、where、why、how
3.同位语定语从句区分：
（1）.看名词及性质 （2）.看功能意义
（3）.看引导词that （4）.看引导词wh-
4.总结及练习
1. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt___ a cure for AIDS will be found．
A. which B. whether C. what D.that
2.There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race．
A.which B. that C. until D. if
3.The fact _________he was successful proves his ability.
A.what B. that C. which D. why
4.The question should go abroad required further consideration．
A. who B. what C.when D./
5.They have no idea at all ______．
A. where he has gone B. why he was questioned by the police
C. Both A and B D.where has he gone

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