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人教版（新版）八年级英语下学期
Unit 6 .Crossing Cultures单词讲义
1. shake / e k/v. (shook / k/, shaken / e k n/) 与（某人）握手；摇动
*shake hands (with sb) （与某人）握手（课本短语）
*shake one's head 摇头
*shake sth up 摇匀（液体等）
He shook hands with the manager when they met.
She shook her head to show she didn't agree.
n. shake 摇动；摇晃a shake of the bottle 瓶子的一次摇晃
2. bow /ba /v. & n. 鞠躬
*bow to sb 向某人鞠躬
*take a bow 鞠躬致谢（演出结束时）
People in Japan often bow to greet each other.
The actor took a deep bow after his performance.
“鞠躬”/ba /， /b /n “弓” 或动词 “弯曲”，
3. bump /b mp/v. 碰；撞；n. 碰撞；（撞击造成的）肿块
*bump into sb/sth 偶然遇见某人；撞到某物
*bump against sth 撞到某物
I bumped into my old friend on the street yesterday.
She got a bump on her head after falling down.她摔倒后头上起了个包。
4. fist /f st/n. 拳头
*make a fist 握拳
bump fists (课本短语)
*shake one's fist at sb 对某人挥拳（表愤怒）
He made a fist and hit the table hard.
The old man shook his fist at the noisy kids.
5. rub /r b/v. 摩擦；揉
*rub sth (with sth) （用某物）摩擦某物
*rub one's eyes 揉眼睛
*rub out 擦掉（痕迹等）
She rubbed her hands to keep warm.
Can you rub out this pencil mark on the paper
6. kiss /k s/v. 亲吻；n. 吻
*kiss sb on the cheek/lips 亲吻某人的脸颊 / 嘴唇
give sb a kiss 给某人一个吻
Her mother kissed her on the cheek before she went to school.
He gave his wife a kiss when he got home.
7. cheek /t i k/n. 脸颊
*on the cheek 在脸颊上 kiss cheek （课本短语）
*red in the cheeks 脸颊通红（表害羞或兴奋）
The little girl has a big smile on her cheek.小女孩脸上挂着灿烂的笑容。
He turned red in the cheeks when he was praised.被表扬时，他的脸颊变红了。
8. hug /h ɡ/v. & n. 拥抱
*hug sb tightly 紧紧拥抱某人
*give sb a hug 给某人一个拥抱
She hugged her daughter tightly when she came back.
My best friend gave me a hug to cheer me up.
9. embarrassed / m b r st/adj. 尴尬的
*feel embarrassed (about sth) （因某事）感到尴尬
*be embarrassed to do sth 做某事感到尴尬
He felt embarrassed about forgetting her name.
She was embarrassed to speak in front of the class.
adj. embarrassing 使人难堪的 修饰事物，
an embarrassing moment 尴尬的时刻
v. embarrass 使尴尬
His mistake embarrassed everyone.
10. confused /k n fju zd/adj. 困惑的
*feel confused (about sth) （对某事）感到困惑
*be confused by sth 被某事弄糊涂
I feel confused about this math problem.
She was confused by the different rules of the game.
adj. confusing 令人困惑的 修饰事物，
a confusing instruction 令人困惑的说明
v. confuse 使困惑
Don't confuse the two words. 别把这两个单词弄混了。
n. confusion 困惑
There was a look of confusion on his face. 他脸上露出困惑的表情。
11. formal / f ml/adj. 正式的
*formal clothes 正式服装
*formal occasion 正式场合
*formal language 正式语言
Because it‘s not formal enough.（课本原句）
You need to wear formal clothes to the wedding.参加婚礼你需要穿正式服装。
We should use formal language in business emails.
写商务邮件时，我们应该用正式语言。
adv. formally 正式地
They formally invited us to the meeting. 他们正式邀请我们参加会议。
反义词：informal 非正式的
12. curry / k ri/n. 咖喱菜
*chicken curry 咖喱鸡
*beef curry 咖喱牛肉
Many people like curry.（课本原句）
My mother often cooks chicken curry for dinner.妈妈经常做咖喱鸡当晚餐。
Do you like spicy curry 你喜欢辣咖喱吗？
13. rude /ru d/adj. 粗鲁的
*be rude to sb 对某人粗鲁
*rude behavior 粗鲁的行为
It’s rude to give or take things with your left hand.（课本原句）
It's rude to talk with your mouth full.嘴里塞满东西说话是粗鲁的。
He was rude to the waiter, so no one liked him.
他对服务员很粗鲁，所以没人喜欢他。
adv. rudely 粗鲁地
She spoke rudely to her parents. 她对父母说话很粗鲁。
n. rudeness 粗鲁
His rudeness made everyone angry. 他的粗鲁让所有人都生气。
14. uncommon / n k m n/adj. 罕见的；不寻常的
*be uncommon to do sth 做某事很罕见
Dishes with beef are uncommon .（课本原句）
*uncommon weather 不寻常的天气
It's uncommon to see snow here in winter.这里冬天很少见到雪。
This kind of bird is uncommon in our city.这种鸟在我们城市很罕见。
反义词：common 常见的
15. palm /pɑ m/n. 手掌
*in the palm of one's hand 在某人的手掌心
*palm tree 棕榈树
She put the small gift in the palm of her hand.
We saw many palm trees when we traveled to Hainan.
去海南旅游时，我们看到了很多棕榈树。
16. namaste 有礼了（印度人行合十礼时口中所念之词）
为印度礼仪用语，通常双手合十于胸前，口中说 “namaste”，表问候或敬意。
When meeting an Indian friend, you can say "namaste" to greet them.
见到印度朋友时，你可以说 “namaste” 来问候。
17. fork /f k/n. 叉子
*a table fork 餐叉
*use a fork 用叉子
We usually use a fork and knife to eat steak.我们通常用刀叉吃牛排。
Don't play with the fork; it's dangerous.别玩叉子，很危险。
18. Indian / ndi n/adj. 印度的；印度人的；n. 印度人
Indian culture 印度文化
Indian food 印度食物
She is interested in Indian culture, especially Indian dances.
My new neighbor is an Indian; he is very friendly.
19. manner / m n (r)/n. 方式；(pl. manners) 礼仪
*in a ... manner 以…… 的方式
in a polite manner 礼貌地
*good manners 有礼貌
*bad manners 没礼貌
She spoke in a soft manner.她说话语气很轻柔。
It's good manners to say "thank you" when you receive a gift.
20. so ... that 如此…… 以至于
引导结果状语从句，“so + 形容词 / 副词” 后接 “that 从句”，表 “如此…… 以至于……”。
The movie is so interesting that I want to watch it again.
He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him.
21. confusing /k n fju z /adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的
*a confusing question 令人困惑的问题
*be confusing for sb 对某人来说难以理解
But English table manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried.
（课本原句）
The map is so confusing that I can't find the way.
This grammar rule is confusing for most students.
见第 10 个单词 “confused”
22. unless / n les/conj. 除非；如果不
引导条件状语从句，相当于 “if not”，从句用一般现在时表将来。
You won't pass the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。
I won't go out unless it stops raining.如果雨不停，我就不出去。
Bring a small gift ，but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.（课本原句）
23.proper/ pr p (r)/（英式）；/ prɑ p r/（美式）
adj. 恰当的；合适的；正确的
* proper time合适的时间；proper way恰当的方式
You should use proper words when talking to teachers.
properly adv. 恰当地；properness n. 适当
24. sit up坐直；熬夜
*sit up straight坐得笔直；sit up late熬夜
Sit up straight .（课本原句）
The teacher told the student to sit up in class.
25. keep ... off使不碰到；使避开
Keep your elbows off the table.（课本原句）
* keep your hands off别碰；keep the rain off挡雨
Keep your elbow off the table when eating.
26. elbow/ elb /（英式）；/ elbo /（美式）n. 手肘；v. 用肘推
*elbow room活动空间；elbow one's way挤过去
His elbow hit the cup and it fell down.
27. serving/ s v /（英式）；/ s rv /（美式）
adj. 分菜用的；n. 一份食物
*serving spoon公勺；a serving of rice一份米饭
Use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes.（课本原句）
There are two servings of soup for us.
serve v. 服务；提供；server n. 服务员；发球者
28.chopstick：/ t pst k/（英式）；/ t ɑ pst k/（美式）
n. (usually pl.) 筷子
* wooden chopsticks木筷子；use chopsticks用筷子
We usually use chopsticks to eat noodles in China.
29.. serving chopsticks公筷
use serving chopsticks（使用公筷）
It's polite to use serving chopsticks at the dinner table.
30. embarrassing/ m b r s /adj. 使人难堪的；尴尬的
* embarrassing moment尴尬时刻；
*embarrassing question令人难堪的问题
It was embarrassing when I forgot his name.
But it is embarrassing！（课本原句）
embarrass v. 使尴尬；
embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬的； embarrassment n. 尴尬
31. be / get used to习惯于（to是介词，后接名词/动名词）
be used to the weather；get used to getting up early
I am used to drinking milk before bed.
32.. cultural/ k lt r l/adj. 与文化有关的；文化的
cultural differences；cultural activities
We should learn about different cultural customs.
culture n. 文化；culturally adv. 从文化角度
But I was used to it，I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there.（课本原句）
33. hear from得到……消息；收到……来信
* hear from a friend
It‘s so great to hear from you.（课本原句）
I haven't heard from my cousin for a month.
34. custom：/ k st m/n. 习俗；风俗；习惯
local custom当地习俗；follow the custom遵循习俗
They helped me to learn more about the customes here after I had some embarrassing experience at a party last month.（课本原句）
It's a custom to give red envelopes during Spring Festival.
customary adj. 习惯的；通常的；customer n. 顾客
35.. occasion：/ ke n/n. 场合；重大活动；时机
*special occasion特殊场合；on occasion偶尔
Third，you should always try to dress for the occasion.（课本原句）
We wear nice clothes on important occasions.
occasional adj. 偶尔的；occasionally adv. 偶尔
36. nicely/ na sli/adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地；很好地
*dress nicely穿得漂亮；work nicely效果很好
At that party it was surprising to see how nicely everyone was dressed.（课本原句）
She speaks to everyone nicely.
nice adj. 好的；漂亮的；niceness n. 美好
37. blouse/bla z/n. （女式）衬衫或短上衣
*a silk blouse真丝女式衬衫
It was summer，so I was just wearing a simple blouse and shorts.（课本原句）
Her new blouse looks very pretty.
38.private/ pra v t/adj. 不喜欢谈论私事的；私人的；私密的
* private life私生活；private room私人房间
Many French people are quite private.（课本原句）
He is a private person and doesn't talk about his family.
privately adv. 私下地；privacy n. 隐私
39. whether：/ we (r)/（英式）；/ w r/（美式）
conj. 是否；不管
* whether...or...（不管……还是……）
I don't know whether he will come or not.
40.married/ m rid/adj. 已婚的；婚姻的
* married couple已婚夫妇；get married结婚
Whether they are married ，or how much money they make .（课本原句）
Her sister has been married for two years.
marry v. 结婚；marriage n. 婚姻
41. merci/ m si/（英式）；/ m rsi/（美式）
int. 谢谢（法语）
He said "merci" to the waiter after getting the coffee.
42. go a long way帮助很大；大有帮助
Your kindness will go a long way.
A small gift can go a long way in showing your thanks.
43. au revoir：/ r vwɑ (r)/（英式）；/ o r vwɑ r/（美式）
int. 再见（法语）
I found that even a simple “merci”goes a long way ！（课本原句）
They waved and said "au revoir" to their friends.
44. unsafe / n se f/adj. 不安全的；危险的
*be unsafe to do sth 做某事不安全
an unsafe place 不安全的地方
It's unsafe to cross the road without looking.
This old bridge is unsafe, so no one can walk on it.
反义词：safe 安全的
adv. unsafely 不安全地
He drove unsafely on the rainy day. 下雨天他开车很不安全。
45. improper / m pr p (r)/adj. 不合适的
*be improper to do sth 做某事不合适
*improper clothes 不合适的衣服
It's improper to wear jeans to a formal party.穿牛仔裤去正式派对是不合适的。His improper words made her angry.
反义词：proper 恰当的
adv. improperly 不合适地
He behaved improperly at the meeting. 他在会议上表现不当。
46.. informal / n f ml/adj. 非正式的
*informal clothes 非正式服装（牛仔裤、T 恤）
*informal conversation 非正式谈话
We can wear informal clothes to the picnic.
They had an informal conversation about their hobbies.
他们就爱好进行了一场非正式谈话。
反义词：formal 正式的
adv. informally 非正式地
We usually greet each other informally at school.
在学校我们通常用非正式的方式问候彼此。
47.. jeans /d i nz/n. 牛仔裤
*a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤
She bought a new pair of jeans yesterday.
Jeans are very popular among young people.
48.. marry / m ri/v. 结婚；娶；嫁
*marry sb 与某人结婚（不能说 “marry with sb”）
*get married (to sb) （与某人）结婚
*marry A to B 把 A 嫁给 B
James will marry Jennifer next month.(课本原句)
He married his college classmate last year.
They got married in a small church.
adj. married 已婚的
She is married with two children. 她已婚，有两个孩子。
n. marriage 婚姻
Their marriage is very happy. 他们的婚姻很幸福。
49.. congratulate /k n ɡr t ule t/v. 祝贺
*congratulate sb (on sth) （因某事）祝贺某人
I can’t wait to congratulate them.（课本原句）
We congratulated her on winning the competition.
His parents congratulated him on his good grades.
n. congratulation 祝贺（常用复数 congratulations)
Give my congratulations to your sister. 代我向你姐姐表示祝贺。
50.Asian / e n/adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人
Asian countries 亚洲国家
Asian culture 亚洲文化
In many Asian countries ，it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks.（课本原句）
China is the largest country in Asian.
My English teacher is an Asian; she comes from Japan.
51.tradition/tr d n/：n. 传统
* cultural tradition文化传统；follow the tradition遵循传统
It's a tradition to eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.
traditional adj. 传统的；traditionally adv. 传统上
52. firstly/ f stli/adv. 第一；首先
firstly, secondly, thirdly（第一，第二，第三）
Firstly, we need to finish our homework, then we can play.
first adj./adv./num. 第一；首先
53. secondly/ sek ndli/adv. 第二；其次
Secondly, remember to turn off the lights when you leave.
second adj./adv./num. 第二；秒
54. thirdly/ θ dli/adv. 第三
Thirdly, we should clean the classroom before going home.
third adj./adv./num. 第三；三分之一
55. correctly- adv. 正确地；得体地
* answer correctly正确回答；behave correctly举止得体
Lastly，hold your chopsticks correctly.（课本原句）
Can you spell this word correctly
correct adj. 正确的；v. 纠正；correction n. 纠正；修正
56. receive/r si v/v. 收到；接收
* receive a letter收到一封信；receive a gift收到礼物
I received a postcard from my pen friend yesterday.
receiver n. 接收者；听筒；receipt n. 收据；收到
57. sign-off/ sa n f/（英式）；/ sa n f/（美式）
n. 结束写信（的内容或方式）
* a sign-off message结尾留言
"Best wishes" is a common sign-off in letters.
*sign off v. 结束（写信、广播等）
58. main/me n/adj. 主要的
* main reason主要原因；main street主街
The main problem is that we don't have enough time.
mainly adv. 主要地
59. in one’s forties四十多岁
* in her forties
Mr and Mrs Zhao are both in their forties，and they have a son who is younger than me .（课本原句）
My mother learned to drive when she was in her forties.
60. false/f ls/adj. 错误的；不真实的
* false information虚假信息；false idea错误想法
Don't believe the false news on the Internet.
falsely adv. 错误地；不诚实地；falsehood n. 谎言；虚假
61. impression/ m pre n/n. 印象
* first impression第一印象；leave a good impression留下好印象
It could give people the false impression that I’m a rude person.（课本原句）
His smile left a nice impression on me.
impress v. 使印象深刻；impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的
62. cheer/t (r)/n. 欢呼；v. 庆祝；为……喝彩
* cheer for sb.为某人喝彩；a cheer of joy欢乐的欢呼
We cheered when our team won the game.
cheerful adj. 快乐的；cheerfully adv. 快乐地
63. cheers/t z/interj. 再见；干杯
When they left, they waved and said "cheers".
64. Ji-Hoon 智勋（朝鲜或韩国人名）
65. Kaito 海斗（日本人名）
66. Marie /m ri / 玛丽
67. Türkiye / t kij / 土耳其
68. Mexico / meks k / 墨西哥
69. Peru /p ru / 秘鲁
70. Germany / d m ni/ 德国
71. Paris / p r s/ 巴黎（法国首都）

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