资源简介 牛津译林 8A Unit7 The natural world 知识点清单coral /'k r l/ n. 珊瑚 搭配:coral reef珊瑚礁; coral ecosystem珊瑚生态系统3. penguin /'pe ɡw n/ n. 企鹅 常考拼写和复数形式 penguin(s)4. ecosystem /'i k s st m/ n. 生态系统 (★巧记:eco- 生态的;+ system n.系统,体系)balance the ecosystem平衡生态系统5. climate /'kla m t/ n. 气候 climate change 气候变化 tropical climate热带气候★climate和weather 区别:①climate 某一地区长期(数年、数十年甚至更久)的平均天气状况(包括气温、降水、风等)(长期、稳定性)The climate in Sanya is warm all year round.(三亚的气候全年温暖。)②weather 某一地区短时间内(分钟、小时、几天)的大气状况(短期、多变、偶然性)What's the weather like today (今天天气怎么样?)6. wetland /'wetl nd/ n. 湿地 复数(wetlands)7. include / n'klu d/ vt. 包括词汇 词性 释义include 动词(及物动词) “包含;包括”(强调主动 “把…… 列入其中”)including 介词 / 现在分词 “包括…… 在内”(表举例,补充说明前面的人 / 物)1. Our school subjects include English, Math and History.(我们的学校科目包括英语、数学和历史。)2. Many students, including Li Hua, like playing basketball.(很多学生,包括李华在内,喜欢打篮球。)8. non-living / n n 'l v / adj. 非生物的 搭配:non-living things(非生物);non-living environment(非生物环境)10. around / 'ra nd/ adv. 大约(表示数量、时间的近似值。):around 3 o'clock(大约3点11. hold /h ld/ vt. 容纳;拿着;举行 ★过去式 heldhold 20 people(容纳20人);hold a meeting(举行会议)12. return /r 't n/ vi. 返回,回去,回来return to school(回到学校);return home(回家),地点副词前省略to13. get rid of 清除;摆脱 get rid of rubbish(清除垃圾);get rid of stress(摆脱压力;14. prevent /pr 'vent/ vt. 防止,阻止 搭配:prevent...from doing...(阻止……做……)=stop/keep...from doing sth ;prevent accidents(防止事故)15. store /st (r)/ vt. 贮存store food(贮存食物); store energy(储存能量)16. sponge /sp nd / n. 海绵块 ① Use a ______ (海绵) to clean the table after dinner.17. act / kt/ vi. 起作用;行动;vi. & vt. 扮演。也可表示“行动”“扮演角色”。搭配:act as(充当);act quickly(迅速行动)18. kidney /'k dni/ n. 肾脏 --复数kidneys19. nearly /'n li/ adv. 几乎,差不多,将近=almost20. carbon dioxide /'kɑ b n da ' ksa d/ n. 二氧化碳21. trap /tr p/ vt. 吸收;使落入险境---常考过去式:trapped , 也可做形容词“困住的”Forests ______ (吸收) large amounts of carbon dioxide.22. harmful /'hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的23. therefore /' e f (r)/ adv. 因此outdoor activity.24. lung /l / n. 肺 healthy lungs(健康的肺)25. slow down (使)慢下来26. sadly /'s dli/ adv. 不幸地;悲伤地---sad adj.伤心的 --- sadness n.悲伤27. ton /t n/ n. 吨 a ton of coal(一吨煤);tons of waste(数吨垃圾)28. harm /hɑ m/ vt. 伤害,损害 n.伤害,损害----harmful adj.有害的---harmless adj.无害的harm the environment(危害环境); do harm to(对……有害)8A U7知识点汇总To treat the earth kindly is to treat oneself kindly. 善待地球就是善待自己To treat the earth kindly不定式短语作主语;to treat oneself kindly不定式短语作表语;“kindly”是副词作状语,修饰动词“treat”。Welcome to the unit1.support a lot of life 养育许多生命 support vt.养育;支持 n.支持 support one’s family 养家with one’s support在...支持下2.Grasslands often lie between deserts and forests. 草原常位于沙漠和森林之间“lie”此处意为“位于、坐落于”;躺/位于 lie-lying-lay-lain说谎 lie-lying-lied-liedbe home to...“是……的家园”the difference in temperature between day and night is huge. 昼夜温差大little表示“几乎没有”(表否定含义=no ) “a little”(有一点,表肯定=some)few表示“几乎没有”(表否定含义=no) “a few”(有一点,表肯定=some)6.so /such... that...:“如此……以至于……”so与such的区别:①so + 形容词/副词 such + 名词/名词短语②多多少少用so③so +形容词+ a/an+可数名词单数+ that..=such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+thatIt is so beautiful a day that we want to go out for a walk.=It is such a beautiful day that we want to go out for a walkso that… 意为“以便,为了”;表目的(常含情态动词)7.keep water in their leaves 把水分保存在叶子里Reading1.①include 动词,包括 including 介词(使用时前面有逗号隔开)The list includes many famous names.There are five people in the room, including two children.②living ①adj.活着的 living things 作定语; alive活着的 I’m still alive.作表语②n.生存、生活 make a living谋生 do sth for a living靠...谋生2. be of different sizes=be different in size大小不同from… to…从……到……;3. Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. 每个生态系统发挥作用,①has a role to play (发挥作用) play a role in... 在...中发挥作用/扮演角色play an important role in 在...中发挥重要作用play the role of...扮演...的角色②keep the balance between A and B 保持A与B之间的平衡4. It covers around 71% of the earth's surface and produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen.①around adv.大约=about②cover v.①覆盖be covered with/in②占...面积 cover/have an area ofn.封面、盖子;庇护所(不可数)③produce v.生产→n.product(可数 产品) production(不可数 生产、产量)It holds plenty of salt water (容纳大量的海水)①hold vt. 容纳; 拿着; 举行 hold on稍等(电话用语)hold up支撑得住 hold/have a meeting举行会议②rise 不及物动词,上升 raise及物动词 升起/筹集/饲养③return 返回return to+地点=go back to+地点 归还return sb sth=return sth to sbgo on+doing(继续做同一件事) go on+to do (继续做另一件事)get rid of 清除; 摆脱;8.Wetlands can also help prevent floods. 湿地也可以帮助防洪prevent防止, 阻止prevent sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事stop sb. (from) doing sth.= keep sb. from doing sth.9 store water like giant sponges. 像巨大的海绵一样储存水store vt. 贮存;store sth in sth=keep sth in sth 把....储存在.... n. 商店(=shop);10. They act like the “kidneys" of the earth. 起到地球肾脏的作用act vi.起作用;行动; vt. & vi. 扮演 act like 就像 action n. 行动; act to do sth.= take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事;11. Forests make up nearly a third of the earth's land area. 森林几乎占地球陆地面积的三分之一①make up组成; 编造; 化妆;be made up of 由....组成②a third三分之一=one third;分数的表达:分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1,分母加s。 1/5→ one fifth, 4/5 →four fifths 特殊的:1/2 a half;1/4 a quartertake in吸收,吸入What's more意思是“此外”=moreover Therefore因此13. trap harmful things in their leaves 把有害的东西吸收进他们的叶子里①trap vt.吸收、陷入困境 be trapped 被困②harmful adj.有害的 (harmless无害的) harm vt. & n.伤害,损害be harmful to 对...有害=do harm to称森林为地球的肺 call forests the “lungs”of the earth数百万吨塑料 millions of tons of plasticGrammar相当多,不少 quite a few2.提供 provide sb with sth=provide sth for sboffer sb sth=offer sth to sb3.feed on “以……为食”noisy adj. 充满噪声的; 吵闹的; noise n. 噪声;noisily adv.喧闹地;嘈杂地淡水 fresh waterWord power后缀ly在一些形容词后+ly变成副词(以ue/le结尾去e变成y true-truly possible-possibly )在一些名词后+ly变成形容词(friendly lovely yearly monthly weekly daily)在一些形容词后+ly变成形容词(kindly亲切的,和蔼的 likely可能的 lively活泼的 deadly致命的)※ 形副同形:daily weekly monthly yearly kindly deadlyhear of /about听说 hear form sb 收到某人来信担心 worry about=be worried aboutCause corals to die slowly导致珊瑚缓慢死亡cause①动词 导致=lead to cause sb to do sth②名词 原因 the cause of = the reason forgreatly damage the ocean environment 极大地破坏海洋环境damage vt.损害,毁坏; n.损坏,损失; 损害找到拯救他们的方法find ways to save them (动词不定式作后置定语)IntegrationZhalong Nature Reserve is in Heilongjiang Province in the north-east of China.①自然保护区 nature reserve 自然灾害 natural disaster② in the north-east of China 在中国的东北部 (in包含 on相邻 to相离)in the north of= in the northern part of2.one of the world's most important wetlands. 世界上最重要的湿地之一One of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数+动词三单3.provide food and cover for a lot of wildlife. 为许多野生生物提供食物和庇护所 cover 庇护所(不可数)provive sb wth sth=provide sth for sb4. Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.①all year round (全年,一整年)② for a short stay (短期停留);stay n.停留,逗留 v.待;呆;③while 连词,表转折 然而;时间状语 当...时;名词 一会 for a while5. be active in the daytime白天活跃6. make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. space空间,不可数①make sb./sth.+adj. ;②in order to do sth.表示目的=to in order not to do7. lead to less space for wildlife. 导致野生生物生存空间减少lead to导致lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事8. If fishermen keep fishing there, the birds will not have enough food to eat. ①if引导条件状语从句,主将从现②keep doing sth.一直做某事占地面积约 cover an area of about过冬 spend the winter给...带来麻烦 bring trouble to...have trouble/problems/difficulty in doing sth/with sth 做某事有麻烦by creating laws to stop people from building on wetlands通过创建法律来阻止人们在湿地上建造①by+doing 通过...②create v.创造 creative adj.“有创造力的;创造性的” creator n. “创作者;创造者”③stop sb from doing sth"阻止某人做某事reduce the number of tourists visiting them and to make sure visitors do no harm while they are there.①reduce the number of 减少...的数量(数量只能用大/小)扔垃圾 throw rubbish与...合作 work withtake one's own...自带……encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事You said it! 你说得对!(口语常用,表赞同,比“I agree”更口语化。)17. Education and knowledge are useful tools to help keep forests safe. P(103)knowledge n.知识【UC】动词不定式to help keep forests safe作后置定语,修饰前面的名词tools18.清洁沙滩 clean up the beach为我们提供食物 provide us with food为我们提供娱乐的空间 offer us space for fun使用环保的产品 use environment-friendly products志愿做某事 volunteer to do sth20.ask for one's help in doing sth. 请求某人协助做某事塑料废弃物 plastic waste 废水 waste water杀死海洋生物 kill sea life解决这个问题 solve the problem (解决solve/do with/deal with/work out)It is meaningful to do sth 做某事是有意义的work as担任 join us加入我们 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览