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Unit 4单元基础知识汇总
本单元词汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
greet/ɡri t/v. 问候，迎接，招呼
broadcast/'br dkɑ st/n. 广播节目，电视节目
stair/ste /n. 楼梯
load/l d/n. 某物的量
battle/'b tl/n. 战斗，战役
fold/f ld/ v. 折起
sculptor/'sk lpt /n. 雕刻家，雕塑家
portrait/'p tr t/n. 人物照片；肖像
selfie/'selfi/n. 自拍照
exhibition/ eks 'b ( )n/n. 展出，展览
neighbourhood/'ne b h d/n. 社区，街坊
embroidery/ m'br d( )ri/n. 刺绣图案，刺绣品
seal/si l/n. 印章，图章
seal cutting 篆刻
calligraphy/k 'l ɡr fi/n. 书法
porcelain/'p sl n/n. 瓷器
demonstrate/'dem nstre t/v. 示范，演示
vividly/'v v dli/adv. 生动地
needle/'ni dl/n. 缝衣针
elegant/'el g nt/adj. 高雅的，优美的
carve/kɑ v/v. 刻(图形或字母)
contemporary/k n'temp( )r ri/adj. 当代的
cigarette/ s g 'ret/n. 香烟
lack/l k/v. 没有，缺乏
stimulate/'st mj le t/v. 刺激，促使，促进
⑦对比　elephant n．→elegant adj.
大象(elephant)迈着优美的(elegant)步伐走来
⑧对比　temporary adj.→contemporary adj.
体验临时(temporary)工生活的那个人是一位当代(contemporary)作家
⑨对比　accumulate v．积累，积聚→stimulate v．刺激，促使，促进
magnificent/m ɡ'n f s( )nt/adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的
bare/be /v. 使暴露，露出
hoof/hu f/n. 蹄
wine/wa n/n. 葡萄酒
dirt/d t/n. 灰尘，尘土
sponsor/'sp ns /v. 资助
emperor/'emp( )r /n. 皇帝
fond/f nd/adj. 喜爱的
frequent/'fri kw nt/adj. 经常发生的，频繁的
majesty/'m d sti/n. 陛下
gallop/'ɡ l p/v. (马)飞奔，疾驰
vase/vɑ z/n. 花瓶
mostly/'m stli/adv. 大部分；主要地
shade/ e d/n. (色彩的)浓淡，深浅，色度
③对比　vine n．→wine n.
葡萄藤(vine)上挂着一瓶葡萄酒(wine)
④对比　shirt n．→dirt n.
你的衬衫(shirt)上有灰尘(dirt)
⑤对比　spoon n．→sponsor v.
⑥对比　empire n．→emperor n.
帝国(empire)的统治者是皇帝(emperor)
⑦对比　find v．→fond adj.
我找到(find)了自己喜爱的(fond)衣服
⑧对比　gallon n．加仑→gallop v．(马)飞奔，疾驰
⑨对比　case n．→vase n.
箱子(case)里面放着一个花瓶(vase)
⑩派生　most adj.大多数，大部分＋ly→mostly adv.大部分；主要地
本单元短语
1．get a load of 注意，仔细看
2．have a mind of one's own 有某人自己的思想
3．reach out to sb. 与某人交流，向某人提供
4．lie in 在于
5．take...as... 把……看作……
6．put up 张贴，建造
7．catch one's attention 引起某人的注意
8．in the shape of... 呈……的形状
9．mistake...for... 把……错当成……
10．be regarded as... 被认为是……
11．by accident 巧合，偶然
12．be fond of 喜欢
13．on the move 在活动中
14．sing high praises for... 高度赞扬……
15．range from...to... 从……到……不等
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ n. 广播节目，电视节目
2．________ n. 楼梯
3．________ n. 某物的量
4．________ n. 战斗，战役
5．________ n. 印章，图章
6．________ n. 书法
7．________ n. 缝衣针
8．________ v. 刻(图形或字母)
9．________ adj. 当代的
10．________ n. 香烟
11．________ v. 缺乏，没有
12．________ n. 葡萄酒
13．________ v. 资助
14．________ n. 皇帝
15．________ adj. 喜爱的
16．________ n. 花瓶
17．________ n. (色彩的)浓淡，深浅，色度
18．________ n．社区，街坊→________ n．邻居
19．________ n．展出，展览→________ n．展览品 v．展出
20．________ v．问候，迎接，招呼→________ n．招呼，问候
21．________ adj.生动的→________ adv.生动地
22．________ adj.高雅的，优美的→________ n．优雅
23．________ v．刺激，促使，促进→________ n．刺激
24．________ v．使暴露，露出→________ adv.仅仅；几乎没有
25．________ adj.经常发生的，频繁的→________ adv.频繁地
26．________ adv.大部分；主要地→________ pron.大多数 adv.最；非常；极其
27．________ v．折起→________ v．展开
28．________ n．雕刻家；雕塑家→________ v．雕刻→________ n．雕像；雕塑品
29．________ v．示范，演示→________ n．示范
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 注意；仔细看
2．________________ 举起：支撑
3．________________ 继续前行
4．________________ 推来推去
5．________________ 走上前来；被提及
6．________________ 直视某人的眼睛
7．________________ 接触
8．________________ 喜欢……
9．________________ 吸引某人的注意力
10．________________ 偶然地
11．________________ 因为；由于
12．________________ 高度赞扬……
13．________________ 在……到……的范围内
变化
Ⅲ.句式结构
1．why引导表语从句。
I guess that's ____________________________．我猜那就是为什么她每天吸引那么多游客。
2．whether...or...无论……还是……
The horses，______________________________， offered him plenty of inspiration.
那些马，无论休息的还是移动的，都给了他很多灵感。
3．“do＋动词原形”强调谓语；as if好像……
They really ________________________ across the centuries ________________________．
它们确实跨越几个世纪走向我们，仿佛时间本身没有流逝一般。
4．状语从句的省略。
________________________，Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself.
在大门口等着时，韩干用棍子在土里画画，被诗人(王维)亲眼所见。
温馨提示：请完成单元素养提升(四)
单元检测卷(四)
Unit 4　单元基础知识汇总
单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．broadcast　2.stair　3.load　4.battle　5.seal
6．calligraphy　7.needle　8.carve　9.contemporary
10．cigarette　11.lack　12.wine　13.sponsor　14.emperor　15.fond　16.vase　17.shade　18.neighbourhood; neighbour
19．exhibition; exhibit　20.greet; greeting　21.vivid; vividly
22．elegant; elegance　23.stimulate; stimulation
24．bare; barely　25.frequent; frequently　26.mostly; most
27．fold; unfold　28.sculptor; sculpt; sculpture
29．demonstrate; demonstration
Ⅱ.短语
1．get a load of　2.hold up　3.move on　4.push around
5．come up　6.look into one's eyes　7.reach out to
8．be fond of...　9.catch one's attention　10.by accident　11.due to　12.sing high praises for...　13.range from...to...
Ⅲ.句式结构
1．why she attracts so many visitors every day
2．whether resting or on the move
3．do reach out to us; as if time itself were nothing
4．While waiting at the gatePart Ⅱ　Using language
　
Ⅰ.高频词汇及变形
1．________ n．邻居，邻人→________ n．社区，街坊
2．________ v．示范，演示→demonstration n．演示，展示
3．________ adj.生动的，逼真的→________ adv.生动地
4．________ adj.高雅的，优美的→________ adv.优美地→elegance n．典雅；高雅
5．________ v．刻(图形或字母)→carving n．雕刻；雕刻品；雕刻术
6．________ v．刺激，促进，促使→stimulation n．刺激；激励，鼓舞
7．________ n．& v．没有，缺乏；匮乏；短缺→lacking adj.匮乏的；缺乏的；不足的
Ⅱ.低频词汇知其意
(　　)①embroidery A．n.印章，图章
(　　)②seal B．n.书法
(　　)③calligraphy C．n.瓷器
(　　)④porcelain D．n.刺绣图案，刺绣品
(　　)⑤needle E．adj.当代的
(　　)⑥contemporary F．n.香烟
(　　)⑦cigarette G．n.缝衣针
Ⅲ.熟记重要短语
①catch one's attention 引起某人的注意
②in the shape of 呈……的形状
③lie in 在于
④put up 悬挂；张贴
⑤be/become aware of 意识到
1)lack v.没有，缺乏)
(教材原句)While some say contemporary art lacks skill, meaning and artistic value, others argue that its worth lies in its ability to stimulate new discussions and understanding of everyday objects.虽然有些人说当代艺术缺乏技巧、意义和艺术价值，但另一些人则提出它的价值在于它激发(人们)对日常事物的新的讨论和理解的能力。
He can be equal to his job but he seems to lack confidence.
他能胜任他的工作，但他似乎缺乏信心。
The scientist gave up his research for the moment for lack of funds.那位科学家由于缺少经费而暂时放弃了他的研究。
[考点归纳]
(1)lack sth. (lack v．) 缺少某物
(2)lack of... (lack n．) 缺少……
for lack of... 因为缺少……
(3)lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少(品质、特点等)，在……方面不足
[名师点津]　lack用法知多少
lack是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构，也不用于进行时。lack用作名词时基本意思是“缺乏，不足”，不可数，只用作单数形式，其前面加不定冠词a，常与介词of连用。
[即学即练]　完成句子/一句多译
①这些孩子的健康问题与不良饮食和缺乏锻炼有关。
These children have health problems linked to poor diets and _______________ exercise.
②他们缺乏与别人交流的技巧，所以在竞争中失败了。
They _______________ to communicate with others, so they failed in the competition.(lack v．)
＝They were ________________________ to communicate with others, so they failed in the competition.(lacking adj.)
＝_________ to communicate with others, they failed in the competition.(v.ing作状语)
＝_____________________ to communicate with others, they failed in the competition.(lack n．)
2)stimulate v.刺激，促使，促进，使活跃)
The government plans to cut taxes in order to stimulate the economy.政府计划减税以刺激经济。
Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think.好的老师应该问一些能激发学生们思考的问题。
[考点归纳]
(1)stimulate growth/demand 刺激增长/需求
stimulate the economy 刺激经济
stimulate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
stimulate one's imagination/interest激发某人的想象力/兴趣
(2)stimulating adj. 使人兴奋的
(3)stimulation n. 刺激
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Compared with children, adults are usually numb to new ________ (stimulate)，new ideas.
②The conference stimulated him ________ (study) the subject in more depth.
③It's a complex yet ________ (stimulate) book.
3)(教材原句)What caught my attention first was a 15thcentury qinghua bowl in a breathtaking exhibition of Chinese porcelain.首先吸引我注意力的是在令人惊叹的中国瓷器展中的一个15世纪的青花碗。)
[句式解构]　what caught my attention first是what引导的主语从句，what相当于the thing(s) that，在从句中作主语。
(应用文之人物介绍)What impressed me most was his bravery and honesty.
给我印象最深的是他的勇敢和诚实。
(1)由what等连接词引导的主语从句
连接代词what, which, who, whom, whatever, whoever等引导主语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语；连接副词when, where, why, how等引导主语从句，在从句中作状语。
What we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。
(2)由that引导的主语从句
that在主语从句中不作任何成分，也无实际意义，只起连接作用，但不能省略。
That smoking is harmful to health is known to everyone.
＝It is known to everyone that smoking is harmful to health.
吸烟有害健康，这是大家都知道的。
(3)由whether或if引导的主语从句
whether与if均可引导主语从句，但放在句首时常用whether, whether/if不作句子成分，表示“是否”。
Whether life exists on other planets is not clear yet.
＝It is not clear yet whether life exists on other planets.
其他星球上是否存在生命还不清楚。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ he was unaware of was that his son was missing.
②________ is being looked into has already been broadcast on TV.
③________ she became a chemist may have been due to her father's influence.
④________ the peace talk between the two countries will lead still remains to be seen.
⑤It worried her a bit ________ her hair was turning grey.
⑥________ or not we can start off tomorrow will depend on the weather.
⑦Sometimes ____________________ (我们得不到的) seems better than what we have.
现在进行时的被动语态(Present continuous passive)
自主探索
观察以下教材原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成。
1．This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre!
2．And just look at how her dress is being folded by the wind!
3．I'm being pushed around quite a bit, in fact.
4．About 35，000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre...
[归纳填空]　现在进行时的被动语态表示________________________。其构成是：________________________________。
精要点拨
一、现在进行时的被动语态的含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
二、现在进行时的被动语态的结构
肯定句 be(am/is/are)＋being done
否定句 be(am/is/are)＋not＋being done
一般疑问句 be(am/is/are)＋主语＋being done
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋be(am/is/are)＋主语＋being done
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse
这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest
为了即将举行的英语演讲比赛，谁正接受训练？
三、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now、at the moment等时间状语。
Listen, your favourite song is being broadcast now.
听，正在播放你最喜欢的那首歌。
The painting which is being exhibited at the museum at present is so extraordinary that it puts all the others in the shade.
目前博物馆正在展出的那幅画如此非凡，以至于使其他藏品相形见绌。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
这些天许多有趣的实验正在被进行着。
3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always、constantly、often等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
She is always being praised by the teacher, so she is very confident.
她总是受到老师的表扬，所以她非常自信。
I am often being interrupted by my brother while chatting with my friend.
我跟朋友聊天的时候，我弟弟老是打断我。
4．与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment.
吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。
四、主动语态变为被动语态
1．“三变”：原句主语变为by的宾语，宾语变为主语，谓语由主动变为被动。
2．“三不变”：句意不变，原句时态不变，原句主谓宾以外的成分不变。
The little girl is reading an interesting storybook in the living room.
→An interesting storybook is being read by the little girl in the living room.
这个小女孩正在起居室里读一本有趣的故事书。
五、注意的问题
1．及物动词短语是一个整体，在被动语态中不要遗漏后面的介词或副词。
The children are being taken good care of by their grandmother.
那些孩子正由他们的祖母好好照看着。
2．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词(词组)，如have、want、need、love、realize、belong to等一般不用于进行时，因而也没有进行时的被动语态，常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此刻或目前主语正承受谓语动词表示的动作。
The actor is still loved by many young people. (不说The actor is still being loved by many young people.)那个演员仍受许多年轻人的喜爱。
As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China.(不说As we all know, Taiwan is belonging to China.)
众所周知，台湾属于中国。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．To ________(促进) local economic development, the neighbourhood committee managed to set up an art workshop.
2．Since they ________(缺乏)funds, the studio didn't obtain the registration certificate until 2008.
3．The women workers vividly ________ (演示) to the visitors how to work with needles and threads.
4．They use ancient methods to create elegant ________ (当代的) art works.
5．The sculptor ________ (雕刻) elegant portraits on porcelain.
6．He saw a flash of red light and the smoke rising from his ________ (香烟).
7．This design is beautiful, but lacks an ________ (优雅的) style.
8．Next week，there will be an art exhibition in our ________ (社区).
9．Mother sewed the button on my coat with a ________ (针) and thread.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Your experiment report ________________ (type) now and it will be finished soon.
2．Many interesting experiments ________________ (do) these days.
3．Tom ________________ (treat) at the hospital now, so he can't attend the meeting at present.
4．Chinese food ________ (love) by people all over the world.
5．The managers are having a meeting so I guess the project is still ________ discussion.
6．This dictionary is ________ use at the moment.
7．These children ________________ (look) after by two young teachers now.
8．The camera that is being used by him now ________ (belong) to me.
Ⅲ.同义句转换
1．The teacher is grading the students' schoolwork now.
→The students' schoolwork ________________ by the teacher now.
2．The police are questioning two young men now.
→Two young men ________________ by the police now.
3．We have to take another road because this road is under repair.
→We have to take another road because this road ________________．
4．The boys and girls are decorating the classroom.
→The classroom ________________ by the boys and girls.
5．The manager is punishing the worker for his fault.
→The worker ________________ for his fault by the manager.
6．Is the nurse taking care of the babies now
→________________________________ by the nurse now
7．The telephone is in use now.
→The telephone ________________ now.
8．The problem is under discussion at the meeting.
→The problem ________________ at the meeting.
9．The teacher is teaching a new song.
→A new song ________________ by the teacher.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（十一）
Part Ⅱ　Using language
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.高频词汇及变形
1．neighbour; neighbourhood　2.demonstrate　3.vivid; vividly
4．elegant; elegantly　5.carve　6.stimulate　7.lack
Ⅱ.低频词汇知其意
①D　②A　③B　④C　⑤G　⑥E　⑦F
要点精研·考点突破
1．①a lack of　②lacked the skill; lacking in the skill; Lacking the skill; For lack of the skill
2．①stimulation　②to study　③stimulating
3．①What　②What　③That　④Where　⑤that　⑥Whether
⑦what we can't get
语法精讲·核心突破
[归纳填空]　某事/某人此时此刻正在被……　am/is/are＋being＋过去分词
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．stimulate　2.lacked　3.demonstrated　4.contemporary　5.carves　6.cigarette　7.elegant　8.neighbourhood
9．needle
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．is being typed　2.are being done　3.is being treated
4．is loved　5.under　6.in　7.are being looked　8.belongs
Ⅲ.同义句转换
1．is being graded　2.are being questioned
3．is being repaired　4.is being decorated
5．is being punished　6.Are the babies being taken care of
7．is being used　8.is being discussed　9.is being taughtPart Ⅳ　Writing about an artwork
Step Ⅰ　文本研读
理清脉络：整体理解
1．The passage is about ________________ the painting.
2．Skim the passage and summarize the structure of writing about an artwork.
Sunflowers
Introduction Give ①________________ about the artist and the artwork.
Main body ②________ the artwork.
Conclusion Give your own ③________．
Step Ⅱ　知识点
shade n. [U]荫；阴凉处；(色彩的)浓淡，深浅，色度　vt.遮住光线)
(教材原句)It shows sunflowers in a vase, mostly in three shades of yellow.
它展示了花瓶里的向日葵，主要有三种深浅不同的黄色。
We sat down in the shade of the wall.
我们在墙根的背阴处坐下。
The trees provide shade for the animals in the summer.
夏天，这些树为动物提供乘凉的地方。
I tried hard but her work put mine in the shade.
我费了很大力气，但她的成果使我的相形见绌。
There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
因为树不超过3英尺高，所以没有阴凉。
She shaded her eyes against/from the sun.
她遮住眼睛，以避开阳光。
[考点归纳]
(1)in the shade 在阴凉处
in the shade of 在……的阴凉处
provide shade for 为……提供阴凉
put...in the shade 使……相形见绌，使……黯然失色
(2)shade...from/against... 使……免受……的照射
[易混辨析]　shade与shadow
易混词 辨析 例子
shade 是不可数名词，指“阴凉处” a plant that needs a lot of shade喜阴植物
shadow 是可数名词，指“影子” the long dark shadow of an old tree一棵老树长长的黑影
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/选词填空(shade/shadow)/完成句子
①This painting on exhibition at the museum is so extraordinary that it puts all the others ________ the shade.
②A hat can help shade your eyes and face ________ the sun.
③In front of our house stands a tall tree, which provides ________ for us in the summer.
④The two children were having fun, chasing each other's ________．
⑤The little kids were ________________ (在……的阴凉处) the tree, playing and laughing.
⑥Although I thought I had done well, my sister's exam results ______________________________ (使我的相形见绌).
Step Ⅲ　Writing about an artwork
[文体介绍]
鉴赏描述类文章属于说明文。写此类文章要求逻辑清晰，对艺术作品有一定的鉴赏能力。写作时可以适当使用高级词汇、短语或句式，以此来体现艺术作品的象征或深远意义。写此类文章时通常用一般现在时。
[篇章结构]
鉴赏描述类文章通常分为三部分：
第一部分：介绍画的作者、名称、完成时间等基本信息；
第二部分：描述画作，可以从主题、绘画手法、色彩变化、象征意义等方面来描述；
第三部分：对画作进行评价，或者阐述这幅画体现出的一些意义。
[话题词汇及句式]
1．话题词汇
教材词汇
(1)famous adj. 著名的
(2)show v. 表达；表现
(3)describe vt. 描述
(4)one of the most important... 最重要的……之一
(5)be considered as 被认为……
(6)speak highly of 高度评价
(7)be known as/for 作为……而出名；以……而闻名
(8)be regarded as 被认为是……
(9)an oil painting 油画
(10)range from...to... 从……到……范围变化
其他词汇
(1)be popular with 受……欢迎
(2)be widely accepted 深受欢迎
(3)have a great influence on对……产生巨大的影响
(4)be widely appreciated 被广为赞赏
(5)leave a deep impression on me给我留下深刻印象
(6)give me a better understanding of life让我更好地理解生活
(7)attract/catch one's attention吸引某人的注意
(8)give a vivid description of... 生动描述……
2．话题句式
(1)作品特点
It is a famous painting drawn by Wu Daozi, one of the greatest artists in the Tang Dynasty.
这幅名画是由吴道子画的，他是唐朝最伟大的画家之一。
The painting vividly reflects the life of people in Sichuan Province.
这幅画生动地反映了四川人的生活。
(2)具体描述
It measures 50 centimeters long./It is 50 centimeters in length.
它长50厘米。
The colors range from yellows to browns.
它的颜色从黄色到棕色。
The painting describes the flowers so vividly that they can attract bees.
这幅画对花朵的描绘如此逼真以至于吸引了蜜蜂。
Chinese painting is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colors.
中国画因用毛笔蘸黑墨和天然颜料画成而出名。
(3)对作品的评价
The painting is known for its accurate images of people and scenery.
这幅画因精准的人物和风景形象而出名。
There is no doubt that the masterpiece plays an important role in the development of sculpture.
毫无疑问，这部杰出的作品在雕塑发展史上起着重要的作用。
All the visitors speak highly of it.
所有游客都对它做出高度评价。
⑩The painting leaves a great impression on me.
那幅画给我留下美好印象。
As far as I'm concerned, it's delightful. Perhaps that's why I really like the painting of animals.
就我而言，那幅画使人愉快。或许那就是我真正喜欢动物画的原因。
[实践应用]
假定你是校报英文版的编辑李华，你们计划在下期报纸的“Great Artworks”栏目中为读者介绍《六骏图》。请你根据提示信息，为其配上一段英文说明。
作者：徐悲鸿
作品特点：1.六匹马形态各异；
2．表现出了马的活力；是力量、速度和成功的象征。
评价：结合了中国的水墨画技巧(ink and wash technique)以及西方的一些绘画技巧，是中国最著名的绘画作品之一。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
完成句子
1．《六骏图》是由徐悲鸿画的一幅名画。
The Six Horses is a famous painting ________________________．
2．徐悲鸿是一位著名的中国画家，他因他的中国水墨画马而最为著名。
Xu Beihong is a wellknown Chinese artist and ________________________ his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses.
3．(一句多译)这幅画是中国水墨画技法与西方绘画技法的结合，被认为是中国最著名的画作之一。
(1)This painting, a combination of Chinese ink and wash techniques with Western painting skills, ________________________ one of the most famous paintings in China.
(2)This painting, ________________________________ one of the most famous paintings in China, is a combination of Chinese ink and wash techniques with Western painting skills.
4．画中的六匹马姿势各异，姿态优美，活灵活现。
________________________，the six horses in the painting are vivid, graceful and active.
5．这幅画显示了马的力量。
The painting shows ________________________．
6．这幅画是力量、速度和成功的象征。
The painting is ________________________ power, speed and success.
7．总而言之，这幅画真的是天才的杰作，马的形象和它展现的精神令人惊叹。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
?句式升级
8．用定语从句改写句2。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
9．用not only...but also...合并句5和句6。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第三步　完美成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part Ⅳ　Writing about an artwork
写作精析·技能提升
Step Ⅰ　文本研读
Ⅰ.理清脉络：整体理解
1．the introduction to
2．①basic information　②Describe　③comments
Step Ⅱ　知识点
①in　②against/from　③shade　④shadows　⑤in the shade of　⑥put mine in the shade
Step Ⅲ　Writing about an artwork
第二步
1．drawn by Xu Beihong
2．is most famous for
3．(1)is considered as　(2)(which is) considered as
4．With various positions
5．the strength of the horses
6．the symbol of
7．In a word, the painting is really a work of genius and the images of the horses and the spirits it shows are amazing.
8．Xu Beihong is a well known Chinese artist who is most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses.
9．The painting not only shows the strength of the horses but also is the symbol of power, speed and success.
第三步
The Six Horses is a famous painting drawn by Xu Beihong, a well known Chinese artist who is most famous for his Chinese ink and wash paintings of horses.
This painting, a combination of Chinese ink and wash techniques with Western painting skills, is considered as one of the most famous paintings in China. With various positions, the six horses in the painting are vivid, graceful and active. The painting not only shows the strength of the horses but also is the symbol of power, speed and success.
In a word, the painting is really a work of genius and the images of the horses and the spirits it shows are amazing.Part Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ n. 广播节目，电视节目
②________ n. 楼梯
③________ n. 某物的量
④________ n. 战斗，战役
⑤________ v．问候，迎接，招呼→________ n．问候，招呼
⑥________ v．折起→________ v．打开，展开
⑦________ v．使成形；雕刻→________ n. 雕刻家，雕塑家→________ n．雕像，雕塑品
⑧________ v．展览，展出　n．展览品→________ n．展览，展出
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①portrait A．n.自拍照
(　　)②selfie B．n.人物照片；肖像
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________ 在……顶部
2．________________ 注意，仔细看(常用于表示惊讶或羡慕)
3．________________ 举起；支撑
4．________________ 继续前行
5．________________ 推来推去
6．________________ 走上前来；被提及；发生
7．get a good view ________________
8．look into one's eyes ________________
9．have a mind of one's own ________________
10．but then again ________________
11．reach out to ________________
12．by the way ________________
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．It looks like...
她看起来好像刚从天上飞下来，站在一艘船上。
___________________ she has just flown down out of the sky and is standing on a ship.
2．that/this is why...
我想那就是她每天吸引那么多游客的原因吧。
I guess ________________ she attracts so many visitors every day.
3．it's time to do
并且现在，是时候亲密接触历史上最伟大的艺术家之一——伦勃朗了！
And now, ________________ get up close and personal with one of history's greatest artists—Rembrandt!
4．强调句；as if从句
它们的确穿越了几个世纪出现在我们面前，仿佛时间没有流逝一般。
They really ________________ us across the centuries ________________________．
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
2．The main idea of the passage is that ________ is doing a live broadcast in the ________. He is introducing ________ of the great museum and inviting ________ to subscribe to his live broadcast.
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．According to the passage, what is Zack's job
A．A guide.
B．An artist.
C．A broadcaster.
D．A volunteer.
2．Why does the author say the skill of the Winged Victory of Samothrace's sculptor is incredible
A．She was sculptured vividly, especially her dress.
B.She was made of stone.
C．She was celebrating the result of an ancient battle.
D. Her arms and legs are missing.
3．According to the passage, which is true about Mona Lisa
A.It attracts many visitors for her smile every day.
B．It is as big as you expect.
C．It is displayed without any protection.
D. People usually can't get a good view of the painting in the museum.
4．Why did Rembrandt always paint himself
A．To save money.
B．To show himself off.
C．To make himself known.
D．It's unknown.
5．What does “They” mean in the last paragraph
A．The visitors who come to the Louvre.
B．The great works of art in the Louvre.
C．The artists who created the great works in the Louvre.
D．The people who are watching the broadcast.
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
2.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
3.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
细读短文，找出至少三句表达强烈的惊奇之情的感叹句。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[词汇积累]
①greeting n．问候，招呼；祝贺
greet/gri t/v.问候，迎接，招呼
②broadcast /'br dkɑ st/
n.广播节目，电视节目
③find out弄清楚；搞明白
④amazing adj.令人惊讶的
amazed adj.惊讶的
amazement n．惊愕，惊奇
⑤stair /ste /n.楼梯
⑥load/l d/n.某物的量
get a load of...注意，仔细看(常用于表示惊讶或羡慕)
⑦look like看起来像
⑧fly down飞下来，向下飞
⑨missing adj.丢失的，不在的
⑩hold up举起；拦截
celebrate vt.庆祝
battle /'b tl/n.战斗，战役
fold/f ld/v.折起
sculptor /'sk lpt /n.雕刻家，雕塑家
sculpture n．雕刻，雕塑
move on往前走，前进
push around
摆布，推来推去
look into调查；观察；窥视
a sense of sadness悲伤感
portrait/'p trIt/n.人物照片；肖像
throughout one's life在某人的一生中
selfie /'selfi/n.自拍照
pay for为……付钱
currently adv.当前地；一般地
display v．展示，展现
fantastic adj.异想天开的；古怪的；极好的
power n．权力，力量，电力
come into power
上台，执政
power failure停电
beyond one's power超出了某人的能力
reach out伸出
as if(＝as though)好像
subscribe v．订阅；同意；捐款(后常接介词to)
[教材原文]
Live from the Louvre
Hi, it's Zack! Greetings① from Paris, everyone! This broadcast② is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre 【1】！ Today we're going to find out③ about some of the Louvre's most amazing④ treasures. Here we go!
【1】本句中的is being brought为现在进行时的被动语态，其基本构成为：am/is/are＋being＋过去分词。
Now, at the top of these stone stairs⑤... get a load of⑥ that! That huge sculpture youcansee is the Winged Victory of Samothrace, or Nike of Samothrace 【2】！ I can't even begin to tell you how amazing this is! It looks like⑦ she has just flown down⑧ out of the sky and is standing on a ship. Her head and arms are missing⑨， but you can imagine her holding her arms up⑩ high, celebrating the resultof anancient battle 【3】. And just look at how her dress is being folded by the wind! I really can't believe she's made of stone. The skill of the sculptor is just incredible.
【2】句中you can see为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰sculpture。
【3】句中celebrating the result of an ancient battle为现在分词短语作状语。
Okay, I'd better move on . You can see there are so many people here. I'm being pushed around quite a bit, in fact. And you're really going to love what's coming up next 【4】. It's the one and only Mona Lisa! The painting is a lot smaller than you would expect, and is protected by glass. But from here I can get a good view to show you. When I look into her eyes it seems she has a mind of her own! One moment she seems to be laughing at me, but then again I catch a sense of sadness in her smile. I guess that's why she attracts so many visitors every day 【5】．
【4】句中what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
【5】句中guess后为省略that的宾语从句，在宾语从句中，why用来引导表语从句。
And now, it's time to get up close and personal with one of history's greatest artists—Rembrandt! He painted this selfportrait about 400 years ago. Throughout his life ， he made over 90 selfportraits! No one really knows why. Perhaps it was his way of taking a 17thcentury selfie ？Or was it simply cheaper to paint himself than to pay for a model 【6】？
【6】句中it为形式主语，不定式短语to paint himself than to pay for a model为真正的主语。
About 35，000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything! I'll say bye for now, and hope you can all visit this fantastic place one day to feel the power of these great works of art for yourselves. They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing 【7】. By the way, if you have enjoyed this live broadcast, subscribe to find out where I'm visiting next!
【7】主句中do用来强调谓语动词reach out，从句为as if引导的方式状语从句，由于其后表达的内容为“与事实相反的状态”，故从句采用了虚拟语气的形式。
[课文译文]
卢浮宫现场直播
嗨，我是扎克！大家好，这是来自巴黎的问候！现在直播的是世界上最大的博物馆之一——卢浮宫！今天我们要来了解一些卢浮宫最令人惊叹的宝藏。我们开始吧！
现在，站在这些石阶的顶端……仔细看那个！你能看到的那个巨大的雕塑是《萨莫色雷斯的胜利女神》，又名《萨莫色雷斯尼凯像》！我甚至都无法告诉你这有多神奇！她看起来好像刚从天上飞下来，站在一艘船上。她的头和手臂不见了，但你可以想象她高举双臂，庆祝一场古老战斗的结果。看她的衣服正被风吹皱起来！我真不敢相信她是用石头制作的。这位雕刻家的技艺简直令人难以置信。
好了，我得往前走了。你可以看到这里有很多人。事实上，我一直在被挤来挤去。你会非常喜欢接下来要发生的事情。那就是独一无二的《蒙娜丽莎》！这幅画比你想象的要小得多，而且有玻璃保护。但是从这里我可以看得很清楚。当我看着她的眼睛时，我觉得她仿佛有自己的思想！一会儿她似乎在嘲笑我，但一会儿我又从她的微笑中捕捉到一丝悲伤。我想那就是她每天吸引那么多游客的原因吧。
现在，是时候近距离亲身了解历史上最伟大的艺术家之一——伦勃朗了！他在大约400年前画了这幅自画像。在他的一生中，他画了90多幅自画像！没有人知道真正原因。也许这是他17世纪自拍的方式？或者说，画自己比支付模特的费用更便宜？
目前大约有35 000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个房间里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间！我要告辞了，希望你们有一天都能参观这个神奇的地方来亲自感受这些伟大的艺术作品的力量。它们真的跨越了几个世纪与我们接触，仿佛时间没有流逝一样。顺便说一下，如果你喜欢这次直播，请点击“订阅”，看看我下次去哪儿吧！
1)greet v．问候，迎接，招呼　[pl.]问候的话，祝词；贺词)
(教材原句)Greetings from Paris, everyone!
大家好，这是来自巴黎的问候！
He greeted his teacher with “good morning”．
他向老师说了句“早上好”。
(读后续写之情景描写)Standing on the top of the mountain, I was greeted by the warm breeze and sunshine.
站在山顶，迎接我的是温暖的微风和阳光。
[考点归纳]
(1)send (one's) greetings to sb. 向某人问好
exchange greetings 相互致意
(2)greet sb. (with sth.) (以……方式)和某人打招呼
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes ________ (greet) her working mom cheerfully.
②On our way to the house, we were first greeted ________ the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact.
③他们相互致意后便坐下吃午饭。
They ________________ and sat down to lunch.
④他还向全国青年学生致以问候。
He also ________________ young students across the country.
2)load n.负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)；某物的量) (教材原句)Now, at the top of these stone stairs... get a load of that！现在，站在这些石阶的顶端……仔细看那个！
Get a load of this: she got married yesterday!
听着，她昨天结婚了！
Knowing that he was safe took a load off my mind.
得知他平安后，我如释重负。
Some students complain that they are loaded with too much homework.有些学生抱怨他们的家庭作业太多了。
[考点归纳]
get a load of... 注意，仔细看(常用于表示惊讶或羡慕)
a load of/loads of 许多，大量
take a load off one's mind 使某人如释重负
load...with... 用……装载……
be loaded with... 满载着……
load...onto/into... 把……装入……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We got ________ load of complaints about the service.
②Knowing that they had arrived safely in such foggy weather took a load ________ my mind.
③Standing at the top of the building, the children watched the ship ________ (load) with all kinds of goods.
④The transportation company loaded the truck ________ all our possessions because we were moving to new house.
3)fold v.折起；对折；包；裹)
(教材原句)And just look at how her dress is being folded by the wind!
看她裙子上被风吹出的皱褶！
(读后续写之动作描写)He folded his arms over his chest and turned his head away.
他双臂交叉在胸前，把头转向一边。
When I came back home, I found my clothes folded，lying on the bed.
回到家时，我发现我的衣服已经被叠好，放在床上。
Fold the paper in half to form a triangle. Unfold the paper.
把纸对折形成一个三角形，再展开。
[考点归纳]
(1)fold sth. up 折叠；把……折叠起来
fold in 加入；调入
fold one's arms 交叉双臂
(2)unfold v. (使)展开；打开
(3)folding adj. 折叠的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级
①As the story ________ (unfold), the heroine's inner feeling was complicated, which makes us fail to catch her emotion well.
②他把地图折叠起来，放进了口袋。
He ________________________ and put it in his pocket.
③每当妈妈对我生气时，她都会双臂交叉，然后严肃地看着我。
Whenever mother gets angry with me, she will ________________________ and look at me seriously.
④She turned to Jack, sat smiling, and folded her hands.
→She turned to Jack, sat smiling, ______________________．(with复合结构)
4)reach out to sb.表示对某人感兴趣；表示愿意提供援助)
(教材原句)They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.它们真的跨越了几个世纪与我们接触，仿佛时间没有流逝一样。
The new mayor is reaching out to the local community.
新市长正努力和当地社区打成一片。
When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you.当你需要帮助时，向那些关心你的人寻求帮助。
[考点归纳]
reach out one's hand to do sth. 伸出手去做某事
reach for... 伸手(或臂)去拿
reach into 伸进……之中
out of reach 力所不及，够不着
within one's reach 某人的手够得着的，力所能及的
[即学即练]　完成句子
①He ____________________________ (伸出) his hand to touch her.
②I ______________________________ (伸手拿) some snacks and munchies.
③______________________________ (对……提供援助) your consumers and help them succeed.
④These products are normally bought and stored carefully __________________________ (够不着) of children.
5)come up出现；走近，靠近；被提到，被提及；(太阳、月亮)升起；(植物)破土而出，发芽)
(教材原句)And you're really going to love what's coming up next.你会非常喜欢接下来要出现的东西。
(读后续写之动作描写)Her cat came up and rubbed itself against her leg.她的猫跑上前来，在她的腿上蹭来蹭去。
[考点归纳]
come up with 想出，提出(主意等)
come across 偶然遇见；偶然发现
come about 发生，产生
come on 赶快；加油
come to 共计；达到；苏醒
come out 出版；(太阳、月亮或星星)出现；(花朵)开放；(真相)为人所知
[名师点津]　come up表示“被提出”和come out表示“出版”时，均为不及物动词，不能使用被动语态。
His new book will come out next month.
他的新书将于下个月出版。
[即学即练]　用come短语的适当形式填空/选词填空(come up/come up with)/单句语法填空
One day, I ①______ a friend who looked upset. I ②_____ to him, asking how it ③________. He said his mother was in shock. We immediately ④_____ to her, and gave her first aid until she ⑤________. Just then an ambulance ⑥______， and soon it took her to the hospital.
⑦Your name ______ in our conversation twice.
⑧Who _____ such a useful suggestion
⑨The money he spent on playing games last month comes ________ $500.
6)(教材原句)They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.,它们(这些作品)的确穿越了几个世纪出现在我们面前，仿佛时间没有流逝一般。)
[句式解构]　(1)谓语动词只有两种时态能强调，即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中，do有人称的变化，第三人称单数用does；一般过去时用did。另外do还可以用于祈使句中表示强调。
该句中助动词用在肯定句中，强调谓语动词。
But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips.但这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力。
(2)as if好像，似乎(＝as though)
①as if既可以引导方式状语从句，又可以引导表语从句。
②从句表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性时，用陈述语气；从句表示的情况与事实不符时，用虚拟语气。
虚拟情况 从句谓语形式
与现在事实不符 过去式(be用were)
与过去事实不符 had＋过去分词
与将来事实不符 would/could/might/should＋动词原形
He has just arrived on the scene, but he talks as if he already knew all about the accident.
他刚到现场，但他说起话来就好像他已经知道了事故的全部情况。(与现在事实不符)
He kept working as if nothing had happened.
他继续工作，好像什么都没有发生过。(与过去事实不符)
It seems as if the meeting would never end.
会议似乎永远也开不完。(与将来事实不符)
③省略形式：as if＋不定式/分词/形容词/介词短语。
Tom got up from his seat as if (he was going) to turn away.
汤姆从座位上站起来好像要走开。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Don't handle the vase as if it ________ (be) made of steel.
②Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I ________ (be) there.
③Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ________ (happen) yesterday.
④Tom raised his hand as if ________ (say) something.
⑤When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it ________ (be) broken.
⑥我真的希望你能参加这次活动。
I ________________ you will take part in the activity.
⑦昨天我的确去他家了，但不幸的是我吃了闭门羹。
I ________________ to his home yesterday, but unfortunately I was greeted by a locked door.
⑧They chatted on the train ________________________________ (好像他们是多年的老朋友).
7)（教材原句）I guess that's why she attracts so many visitors every day.
我想那就是她每天吸引如此多游客的原因吧。
[句式解构]　That/This is why...“那/这就是……的原因”，其中的why引导表语从句(强调结果)。
(应用文之建议信)That's why we need to see, and read as much as we can.
那就是我们需要尽可能多地去看、去阅读的原因。
He held up his hand in class. That's because he couldn't understand the complex theory.
课堂上他举起手，那是因为他不理解那个复杂的理论。
[考点归纳]
(1)This/That/It is because... 这/那是因为……
(2)The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
[即学即练]　完成句子
①我今天不会出门，那是因为我感觉有点不舒服。
I won't go out today. ________________ I'm not feeling well.
②听取专家的意见非常重要，那就是我们邀请艾玛来这里的原因。
It's really important to hear what experts say, and ________________ we've invited Emma here.
③他缺席会议的原因是他遇到了交通堵塞。
He was absent from the meeting. ______________ he got stuck in the traffic jams.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．On February 7, 1964, hundreds of fans jammed the airport to ________ (迎接) the Beatles.
2．I thought I could hear footsteps on the ________ (楼梯).
3．There will be a live ________ (电视节目) of the football match tonight, so don't miss it.
4．Please ________ (折起) the letter and put it in an envelope.
5．After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a ________ (战斗) unfolds between good and evil among those left.
6．As a famous ________ (雕塑家), his grandfather has carved lots of famous works in the past thirty years.
7．Don't book a ________ (装载量) of things which you can't afford.
8．Visitors to the ________ (展览) came in an endless stream.
9．You can take a ________ (自拍照) with a handheld digital camera or mobile phone and later share it on the Internet.
10．She put up a ________ (肖像) of her father on the wall.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．“Hello” is a kind of ________ (greet) which is used in everyday facetoface communications now.
2．The concert ________________ (broadcast) live on television and radio tomorrow.
3．Can you imagine her ________ (become) a famous hostess of CCTV
4．All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ________ (say) that I had a talent for football.
5．He lost his pocket money on the way to school. That is ________ he is so sad.
6．It's time ________ (have) breakfast now.
7．It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ________ (do) it.
8．When I passed by, he seemed ____________ (do) his homework so I didn't disturb him.
9．He just stood there with his arms ________ (fold) when he might have given me a hand.
10．Get ________ load of Mike feeding the baby.
Ⅲ.短语填空
be famous for, make an impression on, get a load of, look like, be made of, move on, but then again, at the top of
1．All the desks and chairs in our classroom ____________ wood.
2．A line from a Chinese poem reads, “A mountain, when viewed in face, may ____________ a range; when viewed from the side, it may look like a peak.”
3．The air ____________ the mountain is thin.
4．He is clumsy and untidy ____________ he's always willing to help.
5．Jinan ____________ its springs, such as Baotu Spring and Black Tiger Spring.
6．You should try to ____________________ the interviewer in an interview.
7．____________ John's new car!
8．Let's ________ to our next destination!
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（十）
Part Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．①broadcast　②stair　③load　④battle　⑤greet; greeting
⑥fold; unfold　⑦sculpt; sculptor; sculpture　⑧exhibit; exhibition
2．①B　②A
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．at the top of　2.get a load of...　3.hold up　4.move on　5.push around　6.come up　7.看得清楚；欣赏好风景　8.直视某人的眼睛　9.有自己的主见　10.但是话说回来　11.接触　12.顺便说一下
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．It looks like
2．that's why
3．it's time to
4．do reach out to; as if time itself were nothing
语篇精读·能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．①treasures　②flown　③mind　④90　⑤fantastic　⑥power
2．Zack; Louvre; treasures; the audience
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．C　2.A　3.A　4.D　5.B√
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1．虽然她的头部和手臂已经遗失了，但你们仍然可以想象她正高举双臂，庆祝一场古老战役的胜利。
2．今天我们就先到这里，希望有一天你们都能来参观这个美妙之地，亲身感受这些伟大艺术作品的魅力。
3．它们穿越几个世纪，出现在我们面前，仿佛时间没有流逝一般。
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
(1)I can't even begin to tell you how amazing this is!
(2)And just look at how her dress is being folded by the wind!
(3)When I look into her eyes it seems she has a mind of her own!
(4)About 35，000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything!
要点精研·考点突破
1．①to greet　②with　③exchanged greetings　④sent greetings to
2．①a　②off　③loaded　④with
3．①unfolded　②folded the map up　③fold her arms　④with her hands folded
4．①reached out　②reached for　③Reach out to　④out of the reach
5．①came across　②came up　③came about　④came up
⑤came to　⑥came up　⑦came up　⑧came up with
⑨to
6．①were　②had been　③happened　④to say　⑤were
⑥do hope　⑦did go　⑧as if they had been old friends for many years
7．①That's because　②that's why　③That's because
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．greet　2.stairs　3.broadcast　4.fold　5.battle　6.sculptor
7．load　8.exhibition　9.selfie　10.portrait
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．greeting　2.will be broadcast　3.becoming　4.saying
5．why　6.to have　7.had done　8.to be doing　9.folded　10.a
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．are made of　2.look like　3.at the top of　4.but then again
5．is famous for　6.make an impression on　7.Get a load of　8.move onPart Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ v. 资助
②________ adj. 喜爱的
③________ adj.经常发生的，频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地→frequency n．频繁，频率
④________ n．灰尘，尘土→dirty adj.脏的
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①magnificent A．v.使暴露，露出
(　　)②bare B．n.蹄
(　　)③hoof C．n.葡萄酒
(　　)④wine D．n.皇帝
(　　)⑤emperor E．n.陛下
(　　)⑥majesty F．v.(马)飞奔，疾驰
(　　)⑦gallop G．adj.宏伟的，壮丽的
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________ 喜欢……
2．________________ 在进行中；四处奔波
3．________________ 扔掉
4．________________ 把……错弄成……
5．________________ 提出问题
6．________________ 养活家庭
7．________________ 日复一日
8．be regarded as ________________
9．by accident ________________
10．due to ________________
11．sing high praises for... ________________
12．recommend sb. to sb. ________________
13．make...out of... ________________
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．v.ed形式作状语
韩干生于初唐时期的一个贫苦家庭，为了养家，年幼的他不得不到一家当地的酒坊工作。
_______________ in the early Tang Dynasty, the young Han Gan had to help support his family by working in a local wine shop.
2．状语从句的省略
韩干在大门口等着时，用一根木棒在土地上画画，被诗人(王维)亲眼所见。
___________________， Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself.
3．whether...or...
那些马，无论休息的还是移动的，都给了他很多灵感。
The horses, _________________， offered him plenty of inspiration.
4．the more...; the more...
他观察这些动物的时间越长，他就越了解它们。
____________ time he spent observing these animals, ________ his understanding of them grew.
5．It作形式主语
据说，当皇帝让韩干拜一位画马大师为师时，韩干回答说：“陛下，臣自有师，陛下马厩之马皆臣之师也。”
________________ when the Emperor asked Han Gan to take a master of horse painting as his teacher, the artist replied, “I have my own teachers, Your Majesty. All the horses in your stables are my very teachers.”
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
Brief introduction of NightShining White
Painted by Han Gan
One of the ①________ horse paintings in the history of Chinese art
Han Gan's story
He was born into a ②________ family
His ③________ was discovered by Wang Wei
He was chosen to ④________ Emperor Xuanzong
He ⑤________ the animals and the horses offered him plenty of ⑥________
Evaluation of the painting
His horses “could gallop off the paper”
The horses painted by Han Gan are ⑦________
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To introduce the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
B．To tell us the story behind NightShining White.
C.To introduce the artist Han Gan and his famous horse painting.
D．To introduce a special style of painting.
2．According to the passage, which is true about the painting NightShining White
A．The painting was finished less than one thousand years ago.
B. It was kept in China now.
C．It only shows the painter's skill in capturing the physical features of the animal.
D．It is of great value in the history of Chinese art.
3．How was Han Gan's artistic talent discovered
A．His parents found his talent when he was young.
B. His gift was discovered by Wang Wei by chance.
C. The owner of the wine shop discovered his gift.
D．The Tang emperors found his talent after seeing his painting.
4．According to the passage, which is wrong about Han Gan's painting
A．The inspiration of his painting comes from the real horses.
B．The method of his painting was the same as other painters' methods.
C．People think highly of his paintings of horses.
D．Han Gan disliked to copy previous painters' works and created his own style.
5．From Su Shi's comments, what can we infer about Han Gan's horse paintings
A．Vivid. B．Abstract.
C．Beautiful. D．Expensive.
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________________
2.
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________________
3.
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
“工匠精神”是我们崇尚和学习的优秀品质，文章中哪些句子能体现韩干的工匠精神？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[词汇积累]
①magnificent
/m ɡ'nIfIs( )nt/
adj.宏伟的，壮丽的
②burning adj.(目光)灼热的；燃烧着的
③bare/be /v.使暴露，露出
④hoof/hu f/n.蹄
⑤be regarded as
被当作……
⑥significant adj.重大的；有效的；有意义的
⑦be known for由于……而出名
⑧capture v．俘获，捕捉
⑨not only...but also...不仅……而且……
⑩born into出身于，出生于(……的家庭)
wine /waIn/n.葡萄酒
artistic adj.艺术的
by accident偶然；意外地
poet n．诗人
payment n．支付，付款
pay for为……付款
dirt /d t/n.灰尘，尘土
dirty adj.脏的，肮脏的
sponsor /'sp ns /v.资助
recommend v．推荐
recommend sb. to sb.推荐某人给某人
eventually adv.最后，终于
emperor/'emp( )r /
n．皇帝
royal adj.皇家的，皇室的
fond /f nd/
adj.喜爱的
be fond of...
喜欢……
frequent /'fri kw nt/
adj.经常发生的，频繁的
previous adj.以前的，先前的
observe v．观察
on the move在活动中，在进行中；四处奔波
inspiration n．鼓励，灵感
day after day日复一日
present vt.呈现，表现；呈上
majesty /'m d Isti/n.陛下
gallop /'g l p/
v．(马)飞奔，疾驰
admiration n．羡慕，赞赏，钦佩
[教材原文]
Han Gan and His Horses
What a magnificent① horse! Even after more than a thousand years have passed, we can still feel the power within its burning② eyes, bared③ teeth and kicking hooves④. NightShining White, now kept in New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art 【1】， is regarded as⑤ one of the most significant⑥ horse paintings in the history of Chinese art. Its artist, Han Gan, is known for⑦ his skill in capturing⑧ notonlythe physicalfeatures ofthe animal, but also⑨ its inner spirit and strength 【2】．
【1】句中now kept in New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art为过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的名词NightShining White。
【2】句中not only...but also...引导的两个并列名词短语作动词capturing的宾语。
Born into⑩ a poor family in the early Tang Dynasty 【3】， the young Han Gan had to help support his family by working in a local wine shop. His artistic talent was discovered by accident when he was sent to the poet Wang Wei's house to collect payment for some wine. Whilewaiting at the gate 【4】，
Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself. Wang Wei decided to sponsor the young man to study painting and recommended him to a master. Due to Han Gan's natural talent and years of hard work, he was eventually chosen to serve Emperor Xuanzong in the royal palace.
【3】句中的Born into a poor family in the early Tang Dynasty为过去分词短语作状语。
【4】While waiting at the gate为时间状语从句的省略，省略的部分是Han Gan was，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句中有系动词be的某种形式时，从句的主语和系动词可以一起省略。
The Tang emperors were very fond of horses. This meant that the animal was a frequent subject for artists. At that time, the most common way to study horse painting was by copying the works of previous painters. Han Gan's method, however, was different—he observed the animal itself. He was a frequent visitor to the royal stables and even moved in to live with the stable workers for quite some time. The horses, whether resting or on the move ， offered him plenty of inspiration . Themore time hespent observing these animals, the more his understanding of them grew【5】. Day after day ， Han Gan painted the horses, hisbrush presenting every detail that he saw with his own eyes 【6】．
【5】本句使用了“The＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”这一句式结构。
【6】句中的his brush presenting every detail... 为独立主格结构，that he saw with his own eyes为定语从句，修饰前面的名词detail。
It issaid that when the Emperor asked Han Ganto take a master of horse painting as his teacher 【7】， the artist replied, “I have my own teachers, Your Majesty . All the horses in your stables are my very teachers.”
【7】It's said that...意为“据说……”，It是形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。
Those who saw Han Gan's horse paintings 【8】 all sang high praises for his unique skill, saying that his horses “could gallop off the paper” 【9】. Even Su Shi, the famous poet of the Song Dynasty, expressed his admiration for Han Gan as a master of horse painting with the words, “The horses painted by Han Gan are real horses.”
【8】这里who saw Han Gan's horse paintings为who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰代词Those。
【9】saying that...为现在分词短语作状语，that从句是宾语从句，作saying的宾语。
[课文译文]
韩干和他的马
好一匹骏马！即使过了一千多年，我们仍然可以通过它灼热的目光、裸露的牙齿和舞动的马蹄感受到它的力量。《照夜白图》，现在保存在纽约大都会艺术博物馆，被认为是中国艺术史上最重要的骏马图之一。它的创作者画家韩干因技巧而出名，他不仅擅长捕捉动物的身体特征，还擅长捕捉其内在的精神和力量。
韩干出生在初唐时期的一个贫困家庭，年少时不得不在当地的一家酒馆做工养家。他被派到诗人王维家里去收酒钱时，他的艺术才华无意中被(王维)发现了。在门口等待时，韩干用一根木棍在泥土上画画，被诗人(王维)看到了。王维决定资助这个年轻人学习绘画，并把他推荐给了一位大师。由于韩干的天赋和多年的努力，他最终被选入皇宫成为唐玄宗的画师。
唐朝的皇帝非常喜欢马。这就意味着这种动物是画家们经常创作的主题。当时，学习画马最普遍的方法是临摹前人留下的作品。然而，韩干的方法不同——他观察动物本身。他是皇家马厩的常客，甚至有一段时间和马夫住在一起。这些马，无论是在休息时还是在行进中，都给了他很多灵感。他观察这些动物的时间越长，他对它们的了解就越深。日复一日，韩干画马时能用笔描绘他亲眼所见的每一个细节。
据说，当皇帝让韩干拜一位画马大师为师时，他回答说：“陛下，我有我自己的老师。您马厩里所有的马都是我的老师。”
看过韩干的骏马图的人都对他的画技赞不绝口，说他的马“跃然纸上”。就连宋代的著名诗人苏轼，也曾用“韩干画的马真是马”这句话来赞美韩干画马的卓越才能。
1)frequent adj.经常发生的，频繁的)
(教材原句)This meant that the animal was a frequent subject for artists.这就意味着这种动物是画家们经常创作的主题。
Buses run frequently between the city and the airport.
公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。
Road accidents have decreased in frequency over recent years.近年来交通事故发生率已经下降。
[考点归纳]
(1)a frequent visitor 常客
frequent changes 频繁变动
(2)frequently adv. 频繁地，经常
(3)frequency n. 频率；频繁
[归纳拓展]　频度副词
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The newly learnt words will soon be forgotten unless ________ (frequent) used in everyday life.
②He is fond of animals, so he goes to the zoo ________ (frequent) with his friends on weekends.
③The ________ (frequent) of serious road accidents is on the decline.
④He was ________________________________ (常客) to the club.
⑤The trip they make to their hometown has become ________________________ (越来越少).
2)due to由于
(教材原句)Due to Han Gan's natural talent and years of hard work, he was eventually chosen to serve Emperor Xuanzong in the royal palace.由于天资聪慧，加上多年的努力，韩干最终被选入皇宫，为唐玄宗效力。
She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering.
根据安排她要作一个关于基因工程的演讲。
Have they been paid the money that is due to them
他们应得的钱付给他们了吗？
[考点归纳]
due adj. 应得到；应支付；预定，到期
be due to sb. 应付给某人
be due to do sth. 预定/预期做某事
[即学即练]　完成句子/翻译句子
①她的成功是因为她的努力和坚持不懈。
Her success was ________________ her hard work and perseverance.
②那部小说的英文版将于明年出版。
The English version of the novel ________________________________ next year.
③You must return the book before it's due.
__________________________________________________________
3)(教材原句)The more time he spent observing these animals, the more his understanding of them grew.他观察这些动物的时间越长，他对它们的了解就越深。
[句式解构]　本句是the more..., the more... 越……，就越……
the more..., the better... 属于“the＋比较级；the＋比较级”的结构，其意义为“越……；就越……”。前一个“the＋比较级”是条件状语从句，后一个是主句。主句用一般将来时，前面的从句用一般现在时表示将来。
The more you practise, the better you can understand.
你练习得越多，理解得就越透。
The higher you stand, the farther you will see.
你站得越高就看得越远。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。
This is important because ____________________ you speak English, ______________ your English will become.
②你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。
________________ you are, ______________ you will make.
4)(教材原句)It is said that when the Emperor asked Han Gan to take a master of horse painting as his teacher, the artist replied，“I have my own teachers, Your Majesty. All the horses in your stables are my very teachers.”据说当皇帝让韩干拜一位画马大师为师时，他回答说：“陛下，我有自己的老师。您马厩里所有的马都是我的老师。”
[句式解构]　It is said that...意为“据说……”，相当于“People say that...”；it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。
(1)该结构还可以转换成“sb. is said to do...”结构。不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
(2)It is thought that... 大家认为……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is generally considered that... 大家认为……
It is supposed that... 据推测……
It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month.
＝The new mayor is said to come into power next month.
据说新市长下个月将上任。
It is reported that the storm has killed five people.
据说这场暴风雨已造成5人死亡。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句型转换
①________ is believed that this plant can prevent cancer.
②He is thought ____________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
③It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
→He is said ____________________________ a new book about workers.
5)(教材原句)While waiting at the gate, Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself.韩干在门口等候时，用一根木棒在土地上画画，正好被诗人(王维)看到。)
[句式解构]　本句是一个包含时间状语从句的主从复合句。While waiting at the gate是时间状语从句的省略形式，相当于While he was waiting at the gate。
当从句的主语与主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，通常把从句中的主语和be动词省略。
[名师点津]　在if、as if、unless、although、as、when、while、whenever、as soon as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语含有be动词，且主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
He seldom speaks unless (he is) asked.
他很少说话，除非别人问他话。
When (he was) very young, he began to learn to play the guitar.他很小的时候，就开始学习弹吉他。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The research is so designed that once ________ (begin) nothing can be done to change it.
②When first ________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
③如果被问到这起事故，你最好保持沉默。
If ________________________， you'd better keep silent.
④如果有必要，我会去那里和她谈一谈。
If ________________， I will go there to have a talk with her.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In the Tang Dynasty, most ________ (皇帝) were fond of horses and horse paintings.
2．The artist became a ________(经常的) visitor to the palace because he could paint magnificent horses.
3．For lack of money, the artist was ________ (赞助) to paint by a rich poet.
4．People saw a horse with burning eyes，________(裸露的) teeth and kicking hooves with some dirt.
5．It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of ________ (葡萄酒).
6．According to the theory, the accident is ________ (主要地) caused by the faults in management.
7．She is ________ (喜爱的) of Chinese classical literature rather than contemporary literature.
8．With the summer flowers in bloom, the valley took on every ________ (色度) of colour.
Ⅱ.短语填空
by accident, be fond of, on the move, day after day, sing high praises for, be sponsored by, in the shade of, not only...but also...
1．The biologist is always ____________； he never stays in one place for more than a month.
2．We waited ____________，but the wellknown sculptor never arrived.
3．The elderly people ____________ taking part in activities sponsored by the neighbourhood.
4．He was injured ____________ when he was doing an experiment.
5．The exhibition ____________ the Ministry of Culture.
6．She is fond of ____________ ancient art ____________ contemporary paintings.
7．Everybody ____________ her contribution to the cause of education.
8．I vividly described the procedure of my experiment as we sat ____________ a tree.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The whole world responded ________ (magnificent) to the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
2．In other animals, ________ (bare) teeth are a warning gesture, a danger sign.
3．We ________ (frequent) meet and greet each other.
4．I sometimes stay at home on Sundays, but ________ (most) I go to the parks.
5．This painting is regarded ________ one of the most significant horse paintings in the history of Chinese art.
6．It is ________ (say) that the scene of sunrise is magnificent, but I have never seen one.
7．________ (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
8．The more you think about this theory, the ________ meaningful you find it.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（十二）
Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．①sponsor　②fond　③frequent　④dirt
2．①G　②A　③B　④C　⑤D　⑥E　⑦F
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．be fond of...　2.on the move　3.throw away
4．mistake...for...　5.raise questions　6.support a family　7.day after day　8.被认为是；被当作　9.偶然地
10．因为，由于　11.高度赞扬……　12.把某人推荐给某人　13.由……制作而成
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．Born into a poor family
2．While waiting at the gate
3．whether resting or on the move
4．The more; the more
5．It is said that
语篇精读·能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
①most significant　②poor　③talent　④serve
⑤observed　⑥inspiration　⑦real horses
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．C　2.D　3.B　4.B　5.A√
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1．《照夜白图》，现收藏于纽约大都会艺术博物馆，被认为是中国艺术史上最为重要的骏马图之一。
2．韩干日复一日地练习画马，用画笔把眼睛观察到的每一处细节都呈现出来。
3．据说，皇帝曾让他选一位画马大师为师，韩干却回答说：“……”
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
(1)At that time, the most common way to study horse painting was by copying the works of previous painters. Han Gan's method, however, was different—he observed the animal itself.(运用对比的方式，突出韩干的与众不同——观察动物本身)
(2)He was a frequent visitor to the royal stables and even moved in to live with the stable workers for quite some time.(描述韩干献身艺术不辞辛苦)
(3)The horses, whether resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration.(表现他的观察细致入微)
(4)Day after day, Han Gan painted the horses, his brush presenting every detail that he saw with his own eyes.(突出韩干的精益求精、追求卓越)
要点精研·考点突破
1．①frequently　②frequently　③frequency　④a frequent visitor　⑤less frequent
2．①due to　②is due to be published　③你必须在到期前把书还回来。
3．①the more; the better　②The more careful; the fewer mistakes
4．①It　②to have acted　③to have written
5．①begun　②introduced　③(you are) asked about this accident　④(it is) necessary
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．emperors　2.frequent　3.sponsored　4.bared
5．wine　6.mostly　7.fond　8.shade
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．on the move　2.day after day　3.are fond of　4.by accident
5．is sponsored by　6.not only; but also　7.sang high praises for　8.in the shade of
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．magnificently　2.bared　3.frequently　4.mostly　5.as　6.said　7.Seen　8.more

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