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课时作业(十七)　Unit 6　Part Ⅱ　Using language
(分值：73.5分)
授课提示：对应课时作业85页
层级一　语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，满分10分)
1．The psychologist ________ (预测) the fellow would become a failure.
答案：forecast
2．All of a sudden someone ________ (抓住) the servant by the arm.
答案：grabbed
3．The ________ (海啸) caused by the earthquake destroyed the port.
答案：tsunami
4．The lifeboat was sent out to ________ (营救) the soldiers in the submarine.
答案：rescue
5．The captain has made every arrangement to meet any ________ (紧急情况).
答案：emergency
6．The crowd who went missing yesterday during a ________ (暴风雪) have been found alive and well.
答案：blizzard
7．He ________ (声称) that it was not right to advertise wine in the schoolyard which had a bad impact on school children.
答案：claimed
8．The psychologist is a ________ (可信赖的) person, and you can have confidence in him.
答案：reliable
9．We must pull our residents out of the financial ________ (危机) as soon as possible.
答案：crisis
10．The captain ________ (精确地) forecast the time when the tsunami came.
答案：precisely
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)
1．The captain rescued nearly 20 people ________ the sinking ship.
答案：from
解析：句意：船长从即将沉没的船上救出了近20人。rescue...from...是常用搭配，意为“从……把……营救出来”。
2．There are no ________ (rely) statistics for the number of deaths in the tsunami.
答案：reliable
解析：句意：关于海啸中的死亡人数没有可靠的统计数字。此处修饰后面的名词statistics，用形容词作定语。
3．As a psychologist, Philip was ________ (exceptional) talented.
答案：exceptionally
解析：句意：作为心理学家，菲利普才华出众。副词修饰形容词talented。
4．He ________ (threaten) with dismissal if he continued to turn up late for work.
答案：was threatened
解析：句意：他受到警告，如果继续上班迟到，就被辞退。根据语境可知，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；主语he和动词threaten之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
5．“That is ________ (precise) the reason why we are going in that direction，” the psychologist says.
答案：precisely
解析：句意：“那恰恰是我们走那个方向的原因，”那个心理学家说。precisely意为“恰恰，正好”。
6．The tsunami ________ (claim) hundreds of lives at the shore.
答案：claimed
解析：句意：海啸夺走了海岸上数百人的生命。
7．The hurricane ________ (forecast) to continue in the region on Sunday and Monday.
答案：was forecast
解析：句意：预报说周日和周一飓风还将在该地区持续。陈述已经发生的事情，用一般过去时；主语The hurricane和谓语动词forecast之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
8．The government has declared a state of ________ (emergent) following the typhoon.
答案：emergency
解析：句意：台风发生后政府已宣布进入紧急状态。在介词of后面，用名词形式。
9．He ________ (grab) her arm and pushed her out of the crowds.
答案：grabbed
解析：句意：他抓住她的胳膊把她推出人群。根据连词and后面的动词pushed可知，此处表示过去的事情，用一般过去时。
10．The city, ________ (found) in 1911, has now become home to more than 10 million residents.
答案：founded
解析：句意：这座建于1911年的城市现在已成为1 000多万居民的家园。
Ⅲ.完成句子(每空2分，满分20分)
1．如果按时服用，这药可有效控制出血。
________________________， the medicine will be effective to control the bleeding.
答案：If taken regularly
2．在港口等船的时候，他和一个50岁左右的陌生人聊天。
________________________________ at the port, he chatted with a stranger at the age of around 50.
答案：While waiting for the ship
3．如果有必要的话，我将通过电子邮件给你发送一些指导方针。
I will send you some guidelines by email ________________．
答案：if necessary
4．当被问及他是否了解可穿戴技术时，他回答是的。
________________ if he knew wearable tech, he answered yes.
答案：When questioned
5．如果可能的话，所有的电话预订必须以书面形式确认。
________________， all telephone reservations must be confirmed in writing.
答案：If possible
6．这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明的，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50年代。
All the photographs in this book, ____________ otherwise, date from the 1950s.
答案：unless stated
7．那名司机想把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。
The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________．
答案：not to
8．我白天可能有空。要是有空，我会过来看你。
I may be free in daytime. ________________， I'll come around and see you.
答案：If so
9．这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有的话，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。
The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________________， reaching 30 ℃ in summer.
答案：if ever
10．“哦，先生，”女孩说道，“这些金币是您的吗？如果不是的话，我们得找到失主，他一定十分着急。”
“Oh sir，” the girl said, “do these gold coins belong to you ________________， we surely must find the owner, for he will certainly be very worried.”
答案：If not
Ⅳ.语法专练——单句语法填空(每空1分，满分6分)
1．If ________ (accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.
答案：accepted
解析：考查省略句。从句的主语和主句的主语you一致，并且主语和动词accept之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词表示。从句补充完整后为If you are accepted...，是省略主语和be动词的条件状语从句。
2．Some of you may have finished Unit One. If ________， you can go on to Unit Two.
答案：so
解析：句意：你们中的一些人可能已经学完了第一单元，如果是这样的话，你们可以继续学第二单元。此处是一个省略句，If so相当于If you have done so。
3．While ________ (compete) with his teammates, he hurt his leg.
答案：competing
解析：句意：在和队友比赛时，他伤了腿。此处是一个省略句，While competing相当于While he was competing。
4．There are some health problems that, when not ________ (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on.
答案：treated
解析：句意：有一些健康问题，如果不能得到及时治疗，以后就会变得更严重。定语从句that can become bigger ones later on被when not treated in time分隔开了。when not treated in time为省略句，相当于when some health problems are not treated in time。
5．The boy is running impatiently here and there as if ________ (search) for something lost on the sports ground.
答案：searching
解析：句意：那个男孩不耐烦地跑来跑去，好像在找丢在运动场上的什么东西。此处是一个省略句，as if searching相当于as if he was searching。
6．While ________ (explore) the unknown island, he found this beautiful place by chance.
答案：exploring
解析：句意：在探索那个未知的岛屿时，他偶然发现了这个美丽的地方。While exploring为省略句，相当于While he was exploring。
层级二　语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Christine, an experienced skydiver, was about to complete her 112th jump in Johannesburg. Christine decided that she would __1__ a sitting position jump for the first time.
Jumping off the plane from 3，353 meters, she stayed in that __2__ until about 1，828 meters, when she flattened her body and __3__ her parachute (降落伞) as she had done many times before. Unlike the __4__ 111 jumps, however, this time, something felt different, and Christine soon realized that something had gone __5__.
The first thing she noticed was that she had not slowed down, __6__ she also couldn't see the familiar lifesaving canopy (伞盖) above her head. Christine realized her main parachute had not opened, so she __7__ changed to her reserve (备用) chute before cutting away the main. But this effort sent her turning around wildly out of __8__.
Falling toward the __9__， Christine thought about her family and upcoming wedding before realizing she was __10__ straight into live power lines. This seemed to be terrible luck at the time but probably saved her life as they broke her fall before she __11__ into the earth, suffering a broken pelvis (骨盆) and other injuries. Fortunately, she was __12__ during her falling by a passerby who stopped his truck to __13__ an ambulance and help the stricken woman.
Christine eventually made a full __14__， although she did ask her wouldbehusband to change their upcoming honeymoon __15__ from their adventurous ideas of skydiving and cagediving with great white sharks to something less dangerous.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了即将结婚的Christine在跳伞时遭遇意外，被电线挡了一下。落地后，一位好心的路人叫来救护车，救下了她。
1．(　　)
A.create B．find
C．try D．show
答案：C
解析：根据上文“Christine, an experienced skydiver, was about to complete her 112th jump in Johannesburg.”可知，Christine是个经验丰富的跳伞员，再根据空后“a sitting position jump for the first time”可推断，Christine决定第一次尝试(try)坐姿跳。
2．(　　)
A.situation B．position
C．direction D．movement
答案：B
解析：根据下文“when she flattened her body and ________ her parachute as she had done many times before”可知，她直到降落到1 828米才会改变姿势，所以空处指的是她会保持这个姿势(position)。
3．(　　)
A.spread B．fixed
C．lifted D．tied
答案：C
解析：根据下文“she also couldn't see the familiar lifesaving canopy above her head”可知，保持那个姿势直到1 828米，她才像以前多次做过的那样，把身体压平，举起(lifted)降落伞。
4．(　　)
A.traditional B．easy
C．skillful D．previous
答案：D
解析：根据上文“Christine, an experienced skydiver, was about to complete her 112th jump in Johannesburg.”可知，她是准备进行第112次跳伞，因此，本次跳伞和之前的(previous) 111次不一样。
5．(　　)
A.crazy B．wrong
C．unnoticed D．unfinished
答案：B
解析：根据下文“The first thing she noticed was that she had not slowed down, ________ she also couldn't see the familiar lifesaving canopy above her head.”可知，这次跳伞，Christine出了事故，所以此刻她是发觉事情不对，出了问题(go wrong)。
6．(　　)
A.but B．while
C．because D．and
答案：D
解析：空前“she had not slowed down”和空后“she also couldn't see the familiar lifesaving canopy above her head”之间为并列关系，用and。
7．(　　)
A.quickly B．suddenly
C．actually D．finally
答案：A
解析：根据常理推测，当发现主降落伞无法打开后，跳伞员应该是迅速(quickly)换到了备用降落伞。故选A项。
8．(　　)
A.danger B．control
C．sight D．order
答案：B
解析：根据上文“But this effort sent her turning around wildly”可知，由于Christine在空中的努力使她转过身来，失去了控制(control)。
9．(　　)
A.destination B．targets
C．lines D．ground
答案：D
解析：根据上文可知，Christine发生事故时，正在跳伞，她的降落伞无法打开。由此可以判断，由于她失去了控制，所以她是向地面(ground)坠落。
10．(　　)
A.running B．breaking
C．heading D．climbing
答案：C
解析：根据下文“This seemed to be terrible luck at the time but probably saved her life as they broke her fall before she ________ into the earth, suffering a broken pelvis and other injuries.”可知，Christine在坠落时，她径直撞向(heading)带电的电线。
11．(　　)
A.crashed B．burned
C．dug D．got
答案：A
解析：根据上文“...upcoming wedding before realizing she was ________ straight into live power lines”可知，Christine坠向地面，撞到了电线。它们在她摔向(crashed)地面之前阻止了她的坠落。
12．(　　)
A.watched B．followed
C．spotted D．caught
答案：C
解析：根据下文“during her falling by a passerby who stopped his truck to ________ an ambulance and help the stricken woman”可知，她在坠落时被一个路人发现了(spotted)。
13．(　　)
A.call B．stop
C．drive D．board
答案：A
解析：根据空后的宾语an ambulance可知，这位路人是呼叫(call)了救护车才救下了Christine。
14．(　　)
A.preparation B．victory
C．mistake D．recovery
答案：D
解析：根据上文可知，Christine被好心的路人送往了医院，再根据下文的“their upcoming honeymoon”可知，她即将结婚度蜜月，由此判断，Christine完全康复了(recovery)。
15．(　　)
A.tasks B．plans
C．dreams D．imaginations
答案：B
解析：根据下文“from their adventurous ideas of skydiving and cagediving with great white sharks to something less dangerous”可知，这些都是他们俩的蜜月计划(plan)。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Simple Things You Can Do To Get Through Hard Times
Life is a series of peaks and valleys. Sometimes you're up, sometimes you're down. 1(____). Here's how to make getting through hard times less difficult：
Stay positive
This may sound cliche (陈词滥调), but the thing about cliches is that they're typically true. 2(____). But I am saying you have to eventually adjust your mood and start moving forward. Staying positive is the key to getting through hard times.
3(____)
When I find myself in the middle of an ugly situation, I like to pick everything apart and see what went wrong and what I could have done differently. I always end up learning something that helps me and I eventually get a really clear picture of what I need to do to make sure I'm not in the same situation again. Or if I do find myself in a similar situation, I know what to do to minimize the difficulty of the situation.
Focus on what you can control, not what you can't
Some situations are beyond your control and no matter what you do, you can't change a thing. You're making yourself upset when you focus your time and energy on things you can't control. You should focus on the things that are within your control. 4(____).
Realize you've come a long way
Sometimes we get so focused on the road ahead that we never look back to see what we've already travelled. 5(____). This will give yourself much confidence when you realize that you've already made so much progress and the light at the end of the tunnel will get brighter.
Be kind to yourself
You need to care for yourself to survive tough times. Take a walk through the park, enjoy a cup of coffee, read an amazing book, etc.
It doesn't matter what you do, just do something that gets your mind and body engaged at a higher level than wallowing in selfpity.
A．Avoid the hard times
B．Learn from the hard times
C．Write down everything you've already done
D．What you should do next is to go on travelling without thinking too much
E．I'm not saying that you can never have a bad day, or get a little discouraged
F．It's during the difficult times that we need a little more support and guidance
G．Because that's the only way you can make a change that's actually going to help you
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章关于如何度过艰难的时期给出了五点建议。
1．答案：F
解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据后文“Here's how to make getting through hard times less difficult”可知，空格处应指出应对人生困难时期的方法。F选项“在困难时期，我们需要更多的支持和指导”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
2．答案：E
解析：关联逻辑法解题。根据下文“But I am saying you have to eventually adjust your mood and start moving forward.(但我是说你最终必须调整情绪，继续生活。)”可知，针对“保持积极”进行进一步的解释说明。E选项“我并不是说你永远不会有糟糕的一天，或者感到一点沮丧”符合语境。故选E项。
3．答案：B
解析：设题位置法解题。根据下文内容“...I like to pick everything apart and see what went wrong and what I could have done differently. I always end up learning something that helps me...”可知，此部分主要说明了从困难中发现对自己有帮助的东西，即从困难中学习。B选项“从困难时期中学习”符合语境。故选B项。
4．答案：G
解析：关联逻辑法解题。本句为本段最后一句，根据上文“You should focus on the things that are within your control.”可知，应说明“你应该把注意力集中在你能控制的事情上”的原因。G选项“因为这是你做出真正对你有帮助的改变的唯一方法”符合语境，故选G项。
5．答案：C
解析：关联逻辑法解题。后文“This will give yourself much confidence when you realize that you've already made so much progress and the light at the end of the tunnel will get brighter.”指出了这样做的意义。由此可知，所填的句子应该是回顾过去的一种方法。C选项“写下你已经做过的所有事情”符合语境。故选C项。课时作业(十六)　Unit 6 Part Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
(分值：88分)
授课提示：对应课时作业81页
层级一　语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，满分9分)
1．The ship was in port when the ________ (灾难) happened.
答案：disaster
2．The floors of all initial campus buildings were equipped with manual (手动的) fire alarm ________ (系统) which included fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
答案：systems
3．The ________ (平均的) life expectancy of the residents in this area has increased.
答案：average
4．Ambassador Osman warned these issues must be gradually resolved, or conflict could ________ (爆发).
答案：erupt
5．If the red light doesn't blink, make an attempt to contact residence hall staff ________ (立即).
答案：immediately
6．The ________ (飓风) struck the shore of the United States.
答案：hurricane
7．The robbery ________ (发生) in broad daylight in a crowded street.
答案：occurred
8．Three leagues ________ (加) three leagues equals six leagues.
答案：plus
9．The ________ (公告) sent a wave of excitement through the crowd.
答案：announcement
Ⅱ.短语填空(每空2分，满分16分)
pick up, a crowd of, compare to, due to, look through, what's more, after all, complain about
1．____________ last term, the compositions Peter writes this term are gradually becoming better and Ms Thatcher has praised him several times.
答案：Compared to
2．____________ people paid a visit to the art exhibition held in the gallery this morning.
答案：A crowd of
3．____________ the job advertisements, he attempted to see if there was one that fit him.
答案：Looking through
4．Water in the pond gradually reduced ____________ lack of rainfall.
答案：due to
5．The assistant stretched out a hand and ____________ the book.
答案：picked up
6．What made them special was that they actually did it; ____________， they did it on the shore.
答案：what's more
7．The investigators ____________ the difficulties of squeezing information out of suspects.
答案：complained about
8．Compared with her achievements, her shortcomings are, ____________， only secondary.
答案：after all
Ⅲ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)
1．They ________ (typical) refuse the assistance because they believe they can handle the issue themselves gradually.
答案：typically
解析：考查副词。句意：他们通常会拒绝帮助，因为他们相信自己能逐步处理这个问题。refuse为动词，需用副词修饰。
2．The servant felt the warmth from the ________ (reflect) of light off the windows of the building.
答案：reflection
解析：考查名词。句意：那个佣人从那座建筑的窗户反射的光中感到了温暖。the为冠词，后面跟名词。
3．Open work spaces are confirmed ________ (definite) to have their benefits.
答案：definitely
解析：考查副词。句意：开放的工作环境被证实确实有其优点。副词修饰动词。
4．To our sadness, there was only one ________ (survive) from the submarine crash.
答案：survivor
解析：考查名词。句意：使我们难过的是，这次潜艇失事只有一个幸存者。survivor幸存者，根据前面的one可知用单数。
5．More ________ (important), the advice will help you adapt to the new surroundings gradually.
答案：importantly
解析：考查副词。句意：更重要的是，这个建议将帮助你逐渐适应新环境。
6．When I saw the ________ (shock) injury, my mind went blank.
答案：shocking
解析：考查形容词。句意：当我看到这个令人震惊的伤口时，我的脑子一片空白。injury为名词，前面需用形容词修饰。shocking令人震惊的。
7．________ (nervous) facing failure, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
答案：Nervously
解析：考查副词。句意：紧张地面对失败，我知道我将轻声地对自己说两个简单的词：做自己。face为动词，需用副词修饰。
8．The psychologist is expected ________ (arrive) at 9 o'clock.
答案：to arrive
解析：考查不定式。句意：那个心理学家预计九点钟到达。be expected to do sth.意为“预计做某事”，故应用不定式。
9．________ (compare) with rubber, plastic is more widely used in our daily life.
答案：Compared
解析：考查过去分词。句意：与橡胶相比，塑料在我们的日常生活中使用更广泛。compared with意为“与……相比”，在句中常作状语。
10．The captain made the ________ (announce) in a speech on television.
答案：announcement
解析：考查名词。句意：船长在一次电视讲话中发表了这一公告。名词announcement作made的宾语。
Ⅳ.熟词生义(每空2分，满分8分)
根据句子提供的语境及语意选择与句中黑体词相符合的词性和词义。
1．I went for a run immediately I finished my breakfast.
A．conj. as soon as
B．adv. without delay
________________
答案：A
2．I always take the tube to get to work in the morning.
A．n. a long hollow pipe
B．n. the underground railway system
________________
答案：B
3．What some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
A．n. an advantage or benefit
B．adj. a little more in number or quantity
________________
答案：A
4．It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
A．vi. to happen/appear
B．vi. to come into one's mind
________________
答案：B
Ⅴ.完成句子(每空2分，满分10分)
1．这个商业区的男士上班都穿得很正式，还打了领带，这一贯如此。(typical)
________________ men in this business zone go to work dressed very formally with ties.
答案：It's typical that
2．为了看医生，人群排着长长的队伍，等待着医院开门。(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
________________________， the crowd waited for the hospital to open to see a doctor.
答案：Standing in a long queue
3．我遇到了一些困难，但与你的困难比起来就算不上什么了。(be nothing compared to)
I've had some difficulties, but they ________________________________________．
答案：were nothing compared to yours
4．甚至在我12岁的时候，那个心理学家一直以来都使我感觉自己还不错。(make sb. do sth.)
The psychologist has always ___________________________， even when I was twelve.
答案：made me feel good about myself
5．既然已经清洗完地毯了，你就应该好好休息一下。(now that...)
You ought to have a good rest ____________________________ the carpet.
答案：now that you've finished cleaning
Ⅵ.课文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Today, the temperature in London is expected 1.________ (reach) 30 plus degrees! Sure enough, 2.________ (go) down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that's erupting. This, however, is nothing 3.________ (compare) to the train. I'm sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one!
Each summer in London definitely seems 4.________ (hot) than the last. I suddenly feel a bit scared. Perhaps now is the time to start planning for the future My office is only on the 5.________ (three) floor of the building, so quite low. I'll speak with my manager about moving to the top floor. Most 6.________ (important), I will need to learn to swim! Then I'll be able to survive even when the tall buildings 7.________ (flood).
Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing 8.________ a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change. Now that 9.________ is hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart, I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face. Well, maybe I have been worrying too much. 10.________ all, it's only 30 degrees outside!
1．答案：to reach
解析：考查不定式。句意：今天，伦敦的气温预计会达到30多度！be expected to do sth.意为“预计做某事”，故本空应用动词不定式。
2．答案：going
解析：考查动名词。句意：果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。本空在句中作主语，故用动名词形式。
3．答案：compared
解析：考查过去分词。句意：不过这还远远比不上车厢里面。过去分词短语compared to...意为“和……相比”，在句中作状语。
4．答案：hotter
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：伦敦的每一个夏天好像确实比上一年的夏天热。根据空后的than可知，本空应用形容词的比较级形式。
5．答案：third
解析：考查序数词。句意：我的办公室只在大楼的四楼，太低了。根据空前定冠词the可知，本空应用序数词。
6．答案：importantly
解析：考查副词。句意：最重要的是，我得学习游泳！本空在句中作状语，故应用副词形式。
7．答案：are flooded
解析：考查时态及语态。句意：这样就算高楼被洪水淹没了，我也能活下来。根据主句时态为一般将来时可知，本空所在的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，且从句主语tall buildings和动词flood之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
8．答案：that
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到显示亚洲的台风摧毁了一座城镇的照片。本空引导宾语从句，作showing的宾语。
9．答案：it
解析：考查it作形式主语。句意：既然在地球上难逃一劫，或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……本句中动词不定式短语作真正的主语，故本空用it作形式主语。
10．答案：After
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：毕竟外面只有30度！after all意为“毕竟”。
层级二　语言能力训练
阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Bactrian camels (骆驼) in the Gobi usually give birth to a baby camel every second year. But because of the terrible weather conditions, it is common for a mother or baby to die during or after delivery. The result is often lonely babies and sad mothers who need one another.
After centuries in the desert, the locals have developed a unique musical practice (操作) when they want a mother camel to accept a newborn baby camel. When the practice starts, a musician plays his instrument, usually a Mongolian flute. The mother and baby are tied together, and another musician begins to sing: “Khuus, khuus, khuus.”
At first, the mother either pays no attention to the baby or treats it badly. The “coaxer (劝诱者)”， at this point, changes the music based on the behavior. The singer begins to copy the sound of the camel's walking, running and voices. After many hours of this, the mother and baby are in tears, and are joined for life.
However, each year fewer and fewer young people are willing to learn and pass on this tradition. In addition，more and more Mongolian families are sending daughters away to study and live in cities, and those who leave almost never return. The young men who remain in the desert struggle then to find wives and raise families that can help raise camels and keep the traditions alive. On top of that, many have discovered that motorbikes are cheaper than camels. All of these are killing the traditional way of life.
A few Mongolians have turned to the United Nations to help save this practice. In 2015, they added it to their “List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding”， but it's hard to know what influence this can have beyond recognizing the existence of the practice.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒙古族当地的一种习俗，通过劝诱者的哄诱来加强母骆驼和小骆驼的关系，然而随着当地人生活方式的改变，这种惯例和传承已经处于濒危之中。
1．Why do the locals develop the Mongolian practice？(　　)
A．To help baby camels get along with hosts.
B．To make mother camels give birth more often.
C. To calm down mother camels during delivery.
D．To strengthen mother and baby camels' relationships.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“...the locals have developed a unique musical practice when they want a mother camel to accept a newborn baby camel.”可知，当地人发展蒙古族习俗是为了加强母骆驼和小骆驼的联系。故选D项。
2．What can be inferred about the coaxing practice？(　　)
A．It requires great skills.
B．It lasts for a few days.
C．The music is slow and sad.
D．The practice is still popular today.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“The ‘coaxer’， at this point, changes the music based on the behavior. The singer begins to copy the sound of the camel's walking, running and voices.”可知，关于哄诱操作，我们可以推断出这需要很高的技能。故选A项。
3．Why is the practice in danger？(　　)
A．Because of the uselessness of camels.
B．Because of the difficulty of the practice.
C．Because of the changes in locals' lifestyle.
D.Because of the terrible weather in the desert.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“In addition, more and more Mongolian families are sending daughters away to study and live in cities...”以及第四句“On top of that, many have discovered that motorbikes are cheaper than camels.”可知，这种惯例处于濒危之中是因为当地人生活方式的改变。故选C项。
4．What's the attitude of the author towards the practice？(　　)
A．Confident. B．Uncertain.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Upset.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“... but it's hard to know what influence this can have beyond recognizing the existence of the practice.”可推知，作者对这一习俗(是否能延续下去)的态度是不确定的。故选B项。
B
Tugce Seren Gul's aunt and grandmother were killed in Antakya in Turkey's south. Every night, she waits until 4：17 a．m. in the morning, the exact time when the disaster hit, to try to go to sleep. “I keep thinking another disaster will strike at that time and just wait for it to pass，” said the 28yearold Gul.
Experts fear children will be hardest hit. The United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) said many of the more than 5.4 million children who live across the area affected by the earthquake were at risk of developing anxiety, depression and other disorders.
“We know how important learning and routine are for children and their recovery，” UNICEF Regional Director for Europe and Central Asia Afshan Khan said after a visit to Turkey. “They need to be able to resume their education, and they urgently need psychological support to help deal with the trauma they have experienced.”
Psychologist and professor at MEF University, Ayse Bilge Selcuk said, “As rising poverty and the pandemic have hurt the country, the stress is chronic,__meaning that the tension continues over time. For this nation to get back on its feet, we need to find that strength within us and that starts with our psychology.” Anxiety, helplessness and depression are likely to be common and young people could feel anger. “Rebuilding efforts should include mental health，” Selcuk said. She urged the government to provide money for training psychologists to be sent to the earthquake areas to stay there. “We shouldn't withdraw our attention three months later，” she said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是精神卫生保健是土耳其地震后重建的重要组成部分。
5．What is Gul's problem after the earthquake？(　　)
A.She is too sad about her relatives' being killed.
B．She can't fall asleep until another disaster passes every night.
C．She can not sleep all the night.
D．She is suffering mental health damage.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的描述以及第二段中“many of the more than 5.4 million children who live across the area affected by the earthquake were at risk of developing anxiety, depression and other disorders (在生活在地震灾区的540多万儿童中，许多人有患上焦虑、抑郁和其他疾病的风险)”可知，地震后Gul的问题是“她的精神健康受到了损害”。故选D。
6．What can we infer from the passage？(　　)
A．More than 5.4 million children have mental health problems.
B．International aid is the main solution.
C．Focusing on mental relief should last.
D.Young people respond angrily to the government.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“She urged the government to provide money for training psychologists to be sent to the earthquake areas to stay there. ‘We shouldn't withdraw our attention three months later，’ she said. (她敦促政府为培训心理学家提供资金，让他们留在地震灾区。她说，‘我们不应该在三个月后转移注意力。’)”我们可以推断出“应该持续专注精神安慰”。故选C。
7．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “chronic” in the fourth paragraph？(　　)
A．Permanent. B．Destructive.
C．Poisonous. D．Unbearable.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后“meaning that the tension continues over time (也就是说这种紧张关系会持续一段时间)”可知，画线词的意思是“持久的，长期不变的”。故选A。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text？(　　)
A.Experts' Suggestions about Turkey's Rebuilding after Quake
B．Mental Healthcare Is an Important Part of Recovery from Turkey Quake
C.Healthcare Provided for Children in Turkey Urgently
D.Experts' Concerns for Problems Caused by Turkey Quake
答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文，尤其是第二段和最后一段可知，精神卫生保健是土耳其地震后重建的重要组成部分，故B项适合作为文章标题。故选B。课时作业(十八)　Unit 6　Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
(分值：92.5分)
授课提示：对应课时作业89页
层级一　语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，满分10分)
1．They were permitted to go ________ (无处) at noon, so they went to sleep.
答案：nowhere
2．You must ask for permission. ________ (否则) you are not permitted to leave school.
答案：Otherwise
3．The male panda was rushed to the hospital by ________ (直升机).
答案：helicopter
4．The captain arrived in Beijing at ________ (午夜) and checked into Beijing Hotel.
答案：midnight
5．That storm system moved overnight across the shore, bringing more snow and the ________ (威胁) of avalanches (雪崩).
答案：threat
6．It is confirmed that only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have ________ (充足的) materials and markets.
答案：sufficient
7．The servant took ________ (遮蔽) from the rain in a cave.
答案：shelter
8．That car is my ________ (财产); you mustn't use it if I don't permit.
答案：property
9．It is confirmed that more than half a ________ (十亿) people in the world are suffering from hunger and malnutrition.
答案：billion
10．Up to five million people a year visit the ________ (县).
答案：county
Ⅱ.短语填空(每空2分，满分12分)
fly off, look up at, keep on, have yet to, all of a sudden, go up and down
1．The rain ____________ falling all night and our street turned into a river.
答案：kept on
2．The boy let out a cry at the bird. The bird ____________ the branch and into the sky.
答案：flew off
3．They ____________ decide on the final details of the project up to now.
答案：have yet to
4．He ____________ the clock and realized he was running late for school.
答案：looked up at
5．She ____________ the stairs three times before reaching her room.
答案：went up and down
6．____________， the lights went out, leaving the whole room in complete black.
答案：All of a sudden
Ⅲ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)
1．________ (mosquito) are extremely abundant near rivers, streams and other wet places.
答案：Mosquitoes
解析：句意：靠近河流、小溪以及其他潮湿的地方蚊子非常多。根据语境可知，此处是复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。
2．If you were ________ (sufficient) patient to her, she would make more progress.
答案：sufficiently
解析：句意：如果你当时对她足够耐心，她会取得更大的进步。修饰后面的形容词patient作状语，故用副词形式。
3．Users can also use the app to find drinking fountains, or places to shelter ________ the sun.
答案：from
解析：句意：用户也可以用这个应用程序找到喷泉式饮水器或遮阳的场所。shelter from是常用搭配，意为“躲避，遮挡”。
4．Dad ________ (threat) to stop ￡1 a week from our pocket money if we didn't clean the carpet.
答案：threatened
解析：句意：父亲威胁说，如果我们不把地毯收拾干净，他就每星期扣我们1英镑的零花钱。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作谓语动词，故用动词形式。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。
5．________ (thankful), we seem to be learning something from those painful failures of the past.
答案：Thankfully
解析：句意：庆幸的是，我们似乎在从过去那些沉痛的失败中学习一些东西。thankfully是副词，表示“庆幸的是”。
6．________ (surround) by the crowd who spoke a different language, he was filled with anxiety.
答案：Surrounded
解析：句意：被说不同语言的一群人包围着，他的心里充满了焦虑。he与surround之间为被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。
7．Some astronomers may be more productive ________ midnight than they are at noon.
答案：at
解析：句意：比起中午，有些天文学家或许在半夜里更有效率。at midnight是常用搭配，意为“在午夜”。
8．The astronomer was fascinated by the ________ (billion) of stars in the sky.
答案：billions
解析：句意：这位天文学家被天空中数十亿颗星星所吸引。billion前没有确切的数字且其后有of时，应用复数形式。有类似用法的词还有hundred, thousand, million等。
9．The captain is a ________ (rely) man. We get along well with each other all the time.
答案：reliable
解析：句意：那个船长是个可靠的人。我们一直相处得很融洽。reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的。
10．________ he said, the doctor didn't permit him to leave hospital.
答案：Whatever
解析：句意：无论他说什么，医生都没有允许他出院。本空所填词引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作宾语，根据句意可知应用whatever；句首单词首字母须大写。
Ⅳ.熟词生义(每空2分，满分8分)
根据句子提供的语境及语意选择与句中黑体词相符合的词性和词义。
1．I jumped on the wall to grab the attention of the crowd.
A．vt. catch someone's attention
B．vt. to get hold of sth.
________________
答案：A
2．She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
A．vt. to cause sb.'s death
B．vt. to ask for money from sth.
________________
答案：B
3．She has completed six laps on the school playground.
A．n. one journey from the beginning to the end of a track
B．n. the top part of your legs
________________
答案：A
4．Human beings need food, clothing and shelter．
A．n. protection from rain, danger or attack
B．n. the fact of having a place to live or stay
________________
答案：B
Ⅴ.完成句子(每空2分，满分10分)
1．在你有疑问或问题的地方做标记。(where引导地点状语从句)
Make a mark ________________________________________________．
答案：where you have any doubts or questions
2．我只能整天看着街上来来往往的船只，留意寻找斯玛蒂的身影。(spend time doing sth.)
I just ________________________________ the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie.
答案：spent the days watching
3．我们一到机场就意识到我们把护照忘在家里了。(the moment引导时间状语从句)
___________________________， we realized we had left our passports at home.
答案：The moment we arrived at the airport
4．不过妈妈说不管发生什么，我们都应该尽量看到事情好的一面。(whatever引导让步状语从句)
But Mom said that _____________， we should always try to see the good side of things.
答案：whatever happens
5．那位船长很疲惫，一上床就睡着了。(so...that)
The captain was ____________________ he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
答案：so tired that
Ⅵ.课文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Stars after the storm
The hurricane happened so quickly. I 1.________ (sit) in my room when the roof just flew off. I was 2.________ frightened that I just froze.
3．________ a roof, staying inside was too dangerous. There was water everywhere，but we couldn't drink any of it otherwise we'd get really sick. We just had drinking water 4.________ was sent to us by helicopter. I just spent the days 5.________ (watch) the boats going up and down the street and looking out for my cat, Smartie. He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try 6.________ (see) the good side of things. Mom's words made us feel better. I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and looking up at the stars. Because there were no lights, we could see the Big Dipper, the Little Dipper and the Milky Way. It was amazing! Even though we 7.________ (lose) a lot, moments like those gave us hope for the future.
Although it was only a few days before we were rescued, it felt like 8.________ (month) . We were taken to another town in a faraway county. 9.________ (thankful), Smartie came home just in time.
Now, one year has passed and I'm back home in New Orleans. Some families have yet to return, but many others have come back. Although we 10.________ (surround) by reminders of the disaster, we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives.
1．答案：was sitting
解析：考查时态。句意：我正坐在我的房间里，这时屋顶突然飞走了。本句为“sb. was/were doing...when...”句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……”，故本空应用过去进行时。
2．答案：so
解析：考查固定句型。句意：我如此害怕以至于我呆住了。本句为“so…that…”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。so为副词，修饰形容词frightened。
3．答案：Without
解析：考查介词。句意：没有屋顶，待在里面太危险了。根据前文可知，作者房子的屋顶被刮走了。故本空应用介词without “没有”。
4．答案：that/which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们只是喝用直升机运给我们的饮用水。本空引导定语从句，修饰drinking water，且在从句中作主语，指物，故本空应用关系代词that或which。
5．答案：watching
解析：考查固定结构。句意：我只是整天看着街上来来往往的船只，留意寻找我的猫——斯玛蒂。spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，是固定结构。
6．答案：to see
解析：考查不定式。句意：妈妈说不管发生什么，我们都应该总是尽量看到事情好的一面。try to do sth.意为“尽量做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
7．答案：had lost
解析：考查时态。句意：尽管我们失去了很多，但那样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。根据句意可知，本空动作发生在gave之前，为“过去的过去”，故本空应用过去完成时。
8．答案：months
解析：考查名词复数。句意：虽然只过了几天我们就获救了，但感觉就像过了几个月。month为可数名词，本空用复数。
9．答案：Thankfully
解析：考查副词。句意：谢天谢地，斯玛蒂及时回家了。本空在句中作状语，故本空应用副词thankfully “幸亏，幸好；庆幸地，满怀感激地”。
10．答案：are surrounded
解析：考查时态及语态。句意：尽管我们周围都是使我们回忆起灾难的东西，但我们正在共同努力重建我们的家园和生活。根据句意可知，本空应用一般现在时；且句子主语we和动词surround之间为被动关系。故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
层级二　语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Every Sunday morning I take a light jog around a park near my home. There's a lake __1__ in one corner of the park. Each time I jog by this lake, I see the same elderly __2__ sitting at the water's edge (边缘) with a small metal cage __3__ beside her.
This past Sunday I stopped jogging and walked over to her. As I got __4__， I realized that the metal cage was, in fact, a small trap. There were three turtles, unharmed, __5__ walking around the base of the trap. She had a fourth turtle in her lap that she was carefully scrubbing (刷洗) with a soft __6__.
“Hello，” I said. “I'd love to __7__ what you're doing with these turtles.”
She __8__. “I'm cleaning off their shells. Anything on a turtle's shell reduces the turtle's ability to absorb (吸收) __9__ and limits its ability to swim.” She went on: “I spend a couple of hours each Sunday morning, helping these little guys out. It's my own strange __10__ of making a difference.”
I scratched my head. “Well, don't you think your __11__ can be better spent I mean, your __12__ are kind, but there are fresh water turtles __13__ in lakes all around the world. And 99% of these turtles don't have kind people like you to help them __14__ their shells.”
The woman giggled (咯咯地笑) aloud. “Sweetie, if this little guy could __15__， he'd tell you I just made all the difference in the world.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老妇人为公园里的乌龟清洗龟壳，该故事具有深刻的哲理性：告诉我们即使是微不足道的事情也会起到很大的作用。
1．(　　)
A.hidden B．founded
C．located D．placed
答案：C
解析：根据下文“in one corner of the park”可知，一个湖泊坐落在(located)公园一角。
2．(　　)
A.man B．woman
C．worker D．cleaner
答案：B
解析：根据最后一段中“The woman giggled aloud.”可知，一位老妇人(woman)经常来公园为乌龟清洗龟壳。
3．(　　)
A.hanging B．waiting
C．walking D．sitting
答案：D
解析：根据下文“beside her”和语境可知，作者都会看到同一个老妇人坐在水边，她身边放着(sitting)一个小金属笼子。
4．(　　)
A.closer B．quicker
C．lower D．deeper
答案：A
解析：根据上文“This past Sunday I stopped jogging and walked over to her.”可知，作者停止慢跑，向她走去。作者走近(closer)时意识到金属笼子实际上是一个小陷阱。
5．(　　)
A.slowly B．hurriedly
C．anxiously D．happily
答案：A
解析：根据下文“walking around the base of the trap”可知，三只乌龟安然无恙地绕着陷阱底部慢慢地(slowly)爬。
6．(　　)
A.soap B．brush
C．knife D．eraser
答案：B
解析：根据上文“She had a fourth turtle in her lap that she was carefully scrubbing”和常识可知，她的腿上还有第四只乌龟，她正在用软刷子(brush)仔细地刷洗它。
7．(　　)
A.consider B．discover
C．know D．understand
答案：C
解析：根据下文“what you're doing with these turtles”可知，作者很想知道(know)她在对这些乌龟做什么。
8．(　　)
A.laughed B．left
C．relaxed D．smiled
答案：D
解析：根据下文“I'm cleaning off their shells”可知，老妇人在和作者交谈，礼貌性地微笑(smiled)。
9．(　　)
A.water B．heat
C．air D．food
答案：B
解析：根据上文“Anything on a turtle's shell reduces the turtle's ability to absorb”可知，乌龟壳上的任何东西都会降低乌龟吸收热量(heat)的能力，并限制它游泳的能力。
10．(　　)
A.way B．right
C．pleasure D．form
答案：A
解析：根据下文“making a difference”可知，老妇人通过给乌龟清理龟壳，产生了影响，这是她的独特方式(way)。
11．(　　)
A.money B．day
C．energy D．time
答案：D
解析：根据上文“I spend a couple of hours each Sunday morning, helping these little guys out.”可知，老妇人花费时间为乌龟清洗龟壳，然而作者觉得老妇人的时间(time)可以更好地加以利用。
12．(　　)
A.effects B．decisions
C．efforts D．results
答案：C
解析：根据上文“what you're doing with these turtles”可知，作者认为她的努力(efforts)是善良的。
13．(　　)
A.swimming B．living
C．crowding D．walking
答案：B
解析：根据下文“in lakes all around the world”可知，此处指生活(living)在湖泊里的淡水龟。
14．(　　)A.find out B．break down
C．clean off D．take off
答案：C
解析：根据上文“I'm cleaning off their shells.”可知，99%的乌龟都没有像她这样善良的人帮它们清洗(clean off)龟壳。
15．(　　)
A.imagine B．think
C．argue D．talk
答案：D
解析：根据下文“he'd tell you I just made all the difference in the world”可知，此处意为“如果这个小家伙会说话(talk)，它会告诉你我刚刚改变了它的整个世界”。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
A tsunami is a series of huge waves that can kill many people and destroy a whole country. A terrible tsunami disaster happened on December 26，2004. 1(____) It is said that it might not be the worst and a future tsunami in the Indian Ocean could affect Singapore, Somalia, Western Australia, and many other places.
The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese words. A tsunami can be caused by natural phenomena such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, large asteroid impacts, and earthquakes occurring underwater or close to a body of water. 2(____)
A tsunami usually cannot be seen while it travels through deep water. 3(____) On December 26, 2004, some people saw the sea suddenly disappeared just before the waves came and knew that something was wrong. Some people managed to run fast from it and survived, but many people, who did not see any signs or did not run fast enough, died.
4(____) If you are in a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back, the only chance of survival is to run for high ground or for the high floors of highrise buildings. But because it moves too fast for people to run from it, only those who are lucky manage to survive.
Since the tsunami of 2004, many people know more about tsunami. 5(____)
A．The event forced officials to develop a better tsunami warning system.
B．It could also be caused by nuclear weapons that are exploded at sea.
C．It travels fast underwater, sometimes up to about 1，000 kilometres per hour.
D．The next time a tsunami strikes, hopefully more people will be able to survive.
E．Tsunami is a Japanese word for a harmful ocean wave caused by an undersea earthquake.
F．As a tsunami gets close to the shore, it becomes a series of waves up to 150 metres high.
G．On that day, a huge tsunami swept through the Indian Ocean killing about 300，000 people.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是海啸这种自然灾害。
1．答案：G
解析：关联逻辑法解题。空前说“A terrible tsunami disaster happened on December 26, 2004.”，空后说“It is said that it might not be the worst”，因此空格处应该说这次海啸所导致的严重后果。G选项“那天，一场巨大的海啸横扫印度洋沿岸国家，造成大约30万人死亡”符合语境。故选G项。
2．答案：B
解析：关联逻辑法解题。空前“A tsunami can be caused by natural phenomena...”说明本段是推测发生海啸的原因。B选项“它也可能是由海上爆炸的核武器引起的”说明了导致海啸的其他原因，承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。
3．答案：C
解析：关联逻辑法解题。空后“...some people saw the sea suddenly disappeared just before the waves came and knew that something was wrong.”说明海啸的速度很快。C选项“它在水下的速度很快，有时可以达到每小时1 000千米”说明了海啸的速度，和后文内容承接，符合语境，故选C项。
4．答案：F
解析：设题位置法解题。空后“...the only chance of survival is to run for high ground or for the high floors of highrise buildings.”说明了海啸巨浪之高。F选项“As a tsunami gets close to the shore, it becomes a series of waves up to 150 metres high.”说明了海啸引起的浪很巨大，引起下文，符合语境。故选F项。
5．答案：D
解析：关联逻辑法解题。前面“Since the tsunami of 2004, many people know more about tsunami.”指出人们对海啸有了更多的了解，空后应说人们了解海啸的好处。D选项“The next time a tsunami strikes, hopefully more people will be able to survive.”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。单元素养提升(六)　Unit 6
(分值：93分)
授课提示：对应课时作业93页
层级一　语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分8分)
1．The reporter ________ (permit) to enter the hall was from a large city.
答案：permitted
2．The ________ (injure) on his head stopped him from taking part in the exciting game.
答案：injury
3．The brave explorers stayed in the cave for long, ________ (consume) little food.
答案：consuming
4．It is ________ (astonish) for her to find that such a brave person was so nervous.
答案：astonishing
5．The man was sitting on the beach, some sweet memories ________ (crowd) into his mind.
答案：crowding
6．His task is ________ (rescue) the people trapped in the old building.
答案：to rescue
7．It was ________ (freeze) cold outside, so I didn't want to get out of the car and just stayed at the wheel.
答案：freezing
8．I won't distrust such a ________ (rely) person even if he has to tell a lie to me sometimes.
答案：reliable
Ⅱ.短语填空(每空2分，满分20分)
take measures to, turn into, be surrounded by, look through, keep on, take place, because of, compared to, make it, be aware of
Every day, I spend about an hour 1.____________ the newspapers, from which I know that 2.____________ pollution, more and more natural disasters 3.____________， including sandstorm. A few years ago, the sandstorm was so thick that it was difficult for people to breathe outside. Luckily, people have 4.____________ the problem and have 5.____________ improve our environment. And we have 6.____________. 7.____________ the past, it has changed a lot. Now, deserts have 8.____________ forests and the villages 9.____________ green trees. What a good look! I hope the trees would remind people to protect the environment and I also hope people will 10.____________ beautifying our environment.
答案：
1．looking through　2.because of　3.take place　
4．been aware of　5.taken measures to　6.made it
7．Compared to　8.turned into　9.are surrounded by　10.keep on
Ⅲ.完成句子(每空2分，满分16分)
1．既然我们都是地球村的一部分，人人都成了邻居。
__________________________ the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour.
答案：Now that we are all part of
2．这次活动不仅让我们更多地了解了著名科学家，而且激励我们做更好的自己。
_____________ did the activity enable us to know more about the famous scientists, ______________ inspired us to become better selves.
答案：Not only; but also
3．这座著名的塔耸立在广场的中心。
In the center of the square ________________________________．
答案：stands the famous tower
4．我正在卧室睡觉，这时我听到了奇怪的声音。
__________________________________________ I heard some strange noise.
答案：I was sleeping in the bedroom when
5．无论发生什么，我们都应当总是看到事情好的一面。
______________________， we should always see the good sides of things.
答案：Whatever happens
6．一听到他被清华大学录取的消息，他高兴得跳起来了。
He jumped with joy _____________ he knew he was admitted to Tsinghua University.
答案：the moment
7．过了三天，他才设法联系到他的儿子。
Three days passed ________________．
答案：before he managed to get in touch with his son
Ⅳ.巧用省略补全句子(每空2分，满分14分)
1．____________________________________ (如果可能的话)，I will ask him to deliver a speech at the meeting.
答案：If possible
2．—Can I see you at 3：00 pm next Monday
—____________________ (恐怕不能).I will have flown to New York long before then.
答案：I'm afraid not
3．You must look out for cars _________________________ (当你穿过……时) the street.
答案：when crossing
4．The boy wanted to travel by himself but his mother ________________(不允许他去).
答案：didn't allow him to
5．I like my new dress and my mother ______________________， too (我妈妈也喜欢).
答案：does
6．The research is so designed that ________________________ (一旦开始), nothing can be done to change it.
答案：once begun
7．—It's said that as the winner, you will be offered a two weeks' paid leave.
—____________________________________ (我希望如此).
答案：I hope so
层级二　语言能力训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Massive flooding in America's Yellowstone National Park caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes. The recent floodwaters changed the path of a river popular for fishing. It also devastated homes, bridges and roadways.
Yellowstone became America's first national park in 1872. It is known for its natural beauty that includes mountains, rivers and lakes. The forces of fire and ice have shaped the park for thousands of years. It is a place where visitors can get close to different kinds of wildlife.
Flooding caused by heavy rains and melting mountain snow did cause a lot of damage. It drove more than 10，000 visitors out of the park. The rain also damaged hundreds of homes in nearby communities. Luckily, no one was reported hurt. However, the park could remain closed for up to one week. Some entrances might not open all summer. The water also washed away camp structures, flooded small towns and cut power to parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming. The event happened as the park was beginning its busy summer season and received millions of summer visitors.
The Yellowstone River was running at a historically high level of 4.9 meters as it flowed past Billings, Montana's largest city. The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant (工厂) because it couldn't operate effectively with water levels that high. Billings officials said the city only had a 24hour supply of water. They were asking people to protect water until the river could drop and the plant could restart operations. “None of us planned a 500year flood event on the Yellowstone when we designed the equipment，” said Debi Meling, the city's director of public works.
Yellowstone officials said, “The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer. This will greatly affect local economies that depend on summer tourists. But we have faith in the park repairs and economic recovery.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园的大洪水造成的破坏和影响。
1．What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in paragraph 1？(　　)
A．Developed. B．Designed.
C．Destroyed. D．Demanded.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知，本段讲述了大洪水造成的破坏与变化。该单词前的also表明该句讲述的内容与上文一样，也是讲述洪水造成的破坏。由此可猜测，该单词意为“破坏”。故选C项。
2．What can we learn about flooding from paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Its bad effects.
B．Its lasting time.
C．The repairs after it.
D．The wildlife hurt in it.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Flooding caused by heavy rains ard melting mountain snow did cause a lot of damage.(大雨和山地积雪融化造成的洪水确实造成了很大的破坏。)”以及“However，the park could remain closed for up to one week.(但是，公园可能会关闭长达一周。)”可知，该段讲述的是洪水造成许多损害，公园关闭。由此可知，此段讲述的是洪水的坏影响。故选A项。
3．What happened to the treatment plant in Billings after flooding？(　　)
A．It stopped working.
B．It was forced to operate.
C．It only cut down the city's water supply for 24 hours.
D.It was asked to design new equipment to protect water.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant because it couldn't operate effectively with water levels that high.(该市从河中取水，并被迫关闭其处理厂，因为它无法在如此高的水位下有效运行。)”可知，随着水位不断上升，该处理厂被迫关闭。故选A项。
4．What's the attitude of Yellowstone officials to the rebuilding work after flooding？(　　)
A．Uncertain. B．Unconcerned.
C．Curious. D．Confident.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，黄石国家公园的官员对公园的修复非常有信心。故选D项。
B
No matter where you live in the world, natural disasters are always a threat. Of course, we humans take steps, both at an individual and social level, to prepare ourselves for the possibility of natural disasters. But preparing for these events requires understanding the types of natural disasters, what causes them, and the dangers they cause.
A technical term for a period of very cold weather, a cold wave is a type of natural disaster where the temperature drops rapidly over the course of 24 hours. While cold weather in itself isn't necessarily enough to cause a natural disaster, a rapid dropping of the temperature could lead to lots of problems for communities in a region.
Interestingly, there isn't an precise temperature threshold (起点) that must be reached. Rather, cold waves are classified (分类) by how fast the temperature falls. Since what's considered to be “cold” varies widely from region to region, local weather services will use local weather averages to determine if a weather event is actually a cold wave.
There are many reasons why a cold wave might occur. One of the most common causes of a cold wave is the arrival of a very strong high pressure system from the polar regions. Alternatively, movement in the jet streams can also drive very cold weather southward in just a matter of hours.
The primary danger of a cold wave is, indeed, the cold weather itself. This can lead to a higher risk of hypothermia (低温症) and other coldrelated injuries. Additionally, cold weather can cause ice and frost to build up quickly, damaging basic facilities. Cold waves are also particularly dangerous for aircraft and other machinery. Extreme cold can use up vehicle batteries or cause petrol to come together. So, whenever in extreme cold weather, people need to be careful.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可能会给人类生命和财产带来危害的一种自然灾害——寒潮。
5．Why do people need to understand natural disasters？(　　)
A．To remove nervousness.
B．To encourage research.
C．To get ready for their possibilities.
D．To build professional departments.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三句可知，我们人类在个人和社会层面都采取了措施，为自然灾害的可能性做好准备。为这些事件做准备需要了解自然灾害的类型、成因以及造成的危害。故选C项。
6．How can we define a cold wave？(　　)
A．By an exact temperature.
B．By classified temperature.
C．By local climate standards.
D．By the fallen temperature in summer.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，当地气象机构依据该地气候标准来确定某天气事件是不是寒潮。故选C项。
7．Which of the following contributes most to the cold wave？(　　)
A．Sudden big wind.
B．Heavy snow.
C．Rapidly rising temperature.
D．A powerful pressure system from polar areas.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，从极地地区来的非常强的高压系统经常导致寒潮的发生。故选D项。
8．What is the text mainly about？(　　)
A．A natural program.
B．A climate disaster.
C．A scientific method.
D．A scientific experiment.
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。作者在第一段提到自然灾害时刻威胁着我们，我们要清楚地了解它们产生的原因、危害等；第二段引入主题，提到寒潮；第三段提到寒潮的具体温度因地区不同而不同；第四段提到寒潮的原因；第五段提到寒潮的危害。由此可以看出文章介绍了可能会给人类生命和财产带来危害的一种自然灾害——寒潮。故选B项。
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
With fossil records 1.________ (date) back 400 million years, sharks have lived even longer than the dinosaurs and many other forms of life. There are more than 500 species of sharks 2.________ (discover) on the earth.
These sharks, 3.________ are so important to the natural order of marine ecosystems, are faced with 4.________ (extinct). While they have been an important resource for coastal communities in the developing world for 5.________ (century), this unique balance is in danger of being lost forever.
As our oceans are 6.________ (serious) influenced by the greenhouse effect, to restore these water bodies is the key 7.________ protecting sharks. What's more, sharks' wide range of species adds difficulty to the conservation efforts of protecting these 8.________ (amaze) creatures. And the great demand for their fins 9.________ (increase) the urgency of the task over the past few years. Through the effective strategies, we are trying to restore the balance between humans 10.________ sharks.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是鲨鱼的现状和如何保护鲨鱼。
1．答案：dating
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构，fossil records与date之间是主动关系，故填dating。
2．答案：discovered
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中are是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，sharks和discover之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填discovered。
3．答案：which
解析：考查定语从句。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词sharks是物，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句。
4．答案：extinction
解析：考查词性转换。空格处用名词作宾语，extinct的名词是extinction，是不可数名词，意为“灭绝”。
5．答案：centuries
解析：考查名词的复数。century是可数名词，不止一个世纪，因此空格处用复数。
6．答案：seriously
解析：考查副词。空格处用副词seriously修饰动词influenced, seriously意为“严重地”。
7．答案：to
解析：考查介词。the key to doing是固定短语，意为“……的关键”，因此空格处是介词to。
8．答案：amazing
解析：考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词creatures, creatures是物，用ing结尾的形容词amazing修饰，意为“令人惊异的”。
9．答案：has increased
解析：考查谓语动词和主谓一致。由over the past few years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语demand是单数，因此空格处是has increased。
10．答案：and
解析：考查连词。between...and...是固定搭配，意为“……和……之间”，因此空格处是连词and。

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