资源简介

/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
2026年人教必修第二册U2 高考二轮复习核心资料（词汇+语法+高考真题）
第一部分 核心词汇词组
1. average（n.平均数；adj.平均的；v.平均为）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： n. 平均数（an average of+数词，表“平均有”）； adj. 平均的（on average 表“平均起来”，above/below average 表“高于/低于平均水平”）； v. 平均为（主动表客观数据，无被动，如“The river averages 50 meters wide”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The monthly average temperature in this city ________ (drop) by 2℃ over the past decade due to global warming.
2. An average of 200 students ________ (participate) in the volunteer activity every semester.
3. As we all know, ________ average, a healthy adult needs 7-8 hours of sleep daily.
4. The cost of living here is well above ________ average, making it hard for young people to settle down.
（2）完成句子
5. 据统计，我国每个家庭平均每年产生约1.2吨生活垃圾。According to statistics, each family in China produces ________ about 1.2 tons of domestic waste every year.
6. 这个班学生的数学成绩低于年级平均水平，老师决定加强辅导。The students’ math scores in this class are ________, so the teacher decides to strengthen tutoring.
答案及解析
1.has dropped：over the past decade 提示用现在完成时，主语“average temperature”为单数，故填has dropped（考点：现在完成时+主谓一致）。
2.participate：an average of+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，every semester提示一般现在时，故填participate（考点：主谓一致）。
3.on：固定短语on average（考点：固定介词搭配）。
4.the：above the average 为固定短语，“the”不可省略（考点：固定短语）。
5.an average of：表“平均有”，后接数词1.2 tons（考点：名词短语用法）。
6.below the grade average：“年级平均水平”译为the grade average，“低于”用below（考点：形容词短语应用）。
高考真题
1. 2023年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：The average rainfall in the area has decreased by 15% compared with that of last year, ________ (make) the farmland dry.
答案：making
解析：考查现在分词作结果状语。“average rainfall”中average为形容词，修饰名词rainfall；逗号后表自然结果，用现在分词making。
2. 2024年全国乙卷（阅读理解A篇）
题干：What is the average number of books borrowed per person in the city library every month ( )
A. 3 B. 5 C. 8 D. 10
答案：B
解析：考查average作名词的词义理解。原文提到“Total monthly borrowings: 50,000; Registered users: 10,000”，通过“50,000÷10,000”计算得平均每人每月借5本，对应选项B。
2. concern（vt.涉及；让……担忧；adj.担忧的）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： vt. 涉及（concern sth.）；担忧（concern oneself about sth.）； adj. concerned（担忧的，be concerned about/for；相关的，作后置定语，如the authorities concerned）； n. 关心（show concern for）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The report mainly concerns ________ (protect) the habitat of endangered species.
2. All parents are concerned ________ their children’s physical and mental health.
3. As far as I ________ (concern), online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.
4. The meeting will invite experts and ________ (concern) citizens to discuss air pollution.
（2）完成句子
5. 许多人担忧人工智能的发展会导致大量失业。Many people ________ the development of AI will lead to mass unemployment.
6. 就英语学习而言，我认为词汇积累比语法记忆更重要。________, I think vocabulary accumulation is more important than grammar memorization.
答案及解析
1.protecting：concern为及物动词，后接动名词作宾语（考点：动词后接动名词）。
2.about/for：固定短语be concerned about/for（考点：固定介词搭配）。
3.am concerned：As far as I am concerned 为固定表达，表“就我而言”（考点：固定句型）。
4.concerned：作后置定语，表“相关的市民”，区别于前置定语“a concerned look（担忧的表情）”（考点：形容词作定语的位置差异）。
5.are concerned that：“担忧……会发生”用be concerned that从句，从句用一般将来时（考点：形容词后接宾语从句）。
6.As far as English learning is concerned：“就英语学习而言”译为As far as English learning is concerned，符合书面表达场景（考点：固定插入语）。
高考真题
1. 2023年北京卷（书面表达）
题干：假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信说他担忧自己的中文学习进度，请你回信安慰他并给出建议。
要求：包含“be concerned about”或“show concern for”短语。
参考范文：I know you are concerned about your Chinese learning progress, but don’t worry—consistent practice will help you improve.
解析：考查concerned作形容词的用法，“be concerned about”表“担忧……”，贴合书信中安慰他人的场景，符合高考应用文语境。
2. 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷（语法填空）
题干：The survey, which concerns the use of electronic devices among teenagers, ________ (conduct) last month.
答案：was conducted
解析：考查concern作动词的词义（涉及），主语“the survey”与conduct为被动关系，last month提示一般过去时，故填was conducted（考点：被动语态+动词词义）。
3. adapt（vi.适应；vt.使适应；改编）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 适应（adapt to sth. / adapt oneself to sth.，如“adapt to new life”）； 改编（adapt sth. from sth. / be adapted for sth.，如“adapt a novel into a film”）； 派生：adaptation（n.适应；改编本）、adaptable（adj.适应性强的）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. It takes time for freshmen to adapt ________ (they) to the independent life in college.
2. This TV play, which ________ (adapt) from a popular novel, has won high praise.
3. The ability to adapt ________ changing circumstances is essential for personal growth.
4. His latest work is an ________ (adapt) of a classic story set in ancient China.
（2）完成句子
5. 为了帮助留守儿童适应城市生活，社区开展了一系列关爱活动。
To help left-behind children ________, the community has launched a series of caring activities.
6.这部歌剧是根据莫言的小说《红高粱家族》改编的，很受观众欢迎。
This opera ________ Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum Clan and is very popular with audiences.
答案及解析
themselves：adapt oneself to 为固定结构，主语是freshmen，反身代词用themselves（考点：反身代词搭配）。
is adapted：“TV play”与adapt为被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is adapted（考点：被动语态）。
to：adapt to 为固定短语，表“适应……”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
adaptation：空前有an，需填名词adaptation（考点：词性转换）。
adapt to life in the city：“适应城市生活”译为adapt to life in the city，help后接动词原形（考点：动词短语应用）。
is adapted from：“根据……改编”用be adapted from，主语为单数，一般现在时，故填is adapted from（考点：被动语态+固定短语）。
高考真题
1. 2023年全国甲卷（阅读理解B篇）
题干：Why do some animals fail to adapt to climate change
A. They lack food sources.
B. They can’t change their habits.
C. They are hunted by humans.
D. They lose their natural enemies.
答案：B
解析：考查adapt to的词义理解（适应），题干问“动物无法适应气候变化的原因”，原文提到“Some animals can’t adjust their living habits, so they fail to adapt”，对应选项B（考点：动词短语在语境中的理解）。
2. 2024年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：The play, ________ (adapt) for children aged 5-8, simplifies the original plot while keeping its core message.
答案：adapted
解析：考查过去分词作定语，“the play”与adapt为被动关系（“被改编给儿童”），故填adapted（考点：非谓语动词作定语）。
4. measure（vt.测量；vi.量度为；n.措施）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： n. 措施（take measures to do sth.，表“采取措施做某事”）；尺寸（make sth. to one’s measure）； v. 测量（measure sth. in/by...）；量度为（主动表被动，如“The room measures 10×8 meters”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The government has taken strict ________ (measure) to reduce carbon emissions.
2. This rope measures 50 meters in length and ________ (use) for climbing.
3. The tailor will make a suit ________ your measure, so it will fit you perfectly.
4. We need to measure the success of the project ________ the number of people it helps.
（2）完成句子
5. 为保护长江江豚，当地政府采取了禁止非法捕鱼的措施。To protect the Yangtze finless porpoise, the local government has ________ illegal fishing.
6. 这座新建的图书馆长80米、宽40米，可容纳2000名读者。The newly-built library ________, and can hold 2,000 readers.
答案及解析
measures：take measures 为固定短语，measure用复数（考点：固定短语的名词单复数）。
is used：前半句measure表“量度为”，用主动；后半句“rope”与use为被动关系，故填is used（考点：动词用法差异+被动语态）。
to：make sth. to one’s measure 为固定短语，表“按某人尺寸做某物”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
by：“用……衡量”用measure...by...（考点：固定介词搭配）。
taken measures to ban：“采取措施禁止”译为take measures to ban，has后接过去分词taken（考点：现在完成时+固定短语）。
measures 80 meters long and 40 meters wide：“长80米、宽40米”用measure的主动表被动结构，主语为单数，一般现在时（考点：系动词用法）。
高考真题
1. 2023年天津卷（语法填空）
题干：The ancient tower, which ________ (measure) 30 meters high, has stood here for over 500 years.
答案：measures
解析：考查measure作系动词的用法（量度为），主动表被动，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为单数，故填measures（考点：特殊动词的主动表被动）。
2. 2025年全国甲卷（模拟题）
题干：What measures have been taken to deal with the problem of plastic pollution
A. Banning single-use plastics.
B. Increasing plastic production.
C. Ignoring public opinions.
D. Cutting down trees.
答案：A
解析：考查measure作名词的词义（措施），题干问“应对塑料污染的措施”，“禁止一次性塑料”是合理措施，对应选项A（考点：名词在语境中的应用）。
5. observe（vt.观察；遵守；庆祝）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 观察（observe sb. do sth. 表“观察到某人做了某事”；observe sb. doing sth. 表“观察到某人正在做某事”）； 遵守（observe rules/laws，如“observe traffic rules”）； 庆祝（observe festivals，如“observe the Spring Festival”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The researcher observed the mice ________ (run) around the cage for 20 minutes.
2. It is everyone’s duty to observe the ________ (rule) of public order.
3. Many families observe the tradition of ________ (eat) dumplings on New Year’s Eve.
4. The students were observed ________ (discuss) the problem actively in groups.
（2）完成句子
5. 科学家通过长期观察发现，这种鸟每年都会迁徙到温暖的南方。Through long-term observation, scientists ________ this kind of bird migrates to the warm south every year.
6. 在这个国家，人们会通过举办花展来庆祝樱花节。In this country, people ________ by holding flower exhibitions.
答案及解析
run：observe sb. do sth. 表“观察到全过程”，故填动词原形run（考点：宾语补足语的形式）。
rules：“公共秩序规则”用复数rules（考点：名词单复数）。
eating：of为介词，后接动名词eating（考点：介词后接动名词）。
to discuss：被动语态中，observe后的宾语补足语“to”不能省略，故填to discuss（考点：被动语态中的不定式）。
have observed that：“发现”用observe that从句，“长期观察”提示用现在完成时，故填have observed that（考点：现在完成时+宾语从句）。
observe the Cherry Blossom Festival：“庆祝樱花节”译为observe the Cherry Blossom Festival，描述客观习俗用一般现在时（考点：动词短语应用）。
高考真题
1. 2023年全国乙卷（语法填空）
题干：When the teacher observed the students ________ (struggle) with the math problem, she offered help immediately.
答案：struggling
解析：考查observe sb. doing sth. 结构，表“观察到某人正在做某事”，符合“老师看到学生正在挣扎，立刻提供帮助”的语境（考点：非谓语动词作宾语补足语）。
2. 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷（阅读理解C篇）
题干：Why do people in this region observe the “Tree-Planting Day”
A. To earn money.
B. To protect the environment.
C. To show off wealth.
D. To waste time.
答案：B
解析：考查observe作“庆祝”的词义，题干问“庆祝植树节的原因”，“保护环境”是合理目的，对应选项B（考点：动词在语境中的词义辨析）。
6. remind（vt.提醒；使想起）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 提醒（remind sb. to do sth.，表“提醒某人做某事”）； 使想起（remind sb. of sth.，表“使某人想起某事/某人”）； 派生：reminder（n.提醒物，如“a reminder note”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. Please remind me ________ (call) my mother tonight—she’s waiting for my report.
2. The old photo reminds me ________ my childhood spent in the countryside.
3. This app sends a ________ (remind) to users every morning to drink enough water.
4. He reminded me that we ________ (meet) at the school gate at 8 o’clock tomorrow.
（2）完成句子
5. 这个标志提醒司机在学校区域减速慢行。This sign ________ in the school zone.
6. 听到这首老歌，奶奶想起了她年轻时的美好时光。Hearing this old song, Grandma ________ when she was young.
答案及解析
to call：remind sb. to do sth. 为固定结构，表“提醒某人做某事”（考点：不定式作宾语补足语）。
of：remind sb. of sth. 为固定短语，表“使某人想起某事”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
reminder：空前有a，需填名词reminder（考点：词性转换）。
will meet：tomorrow提示用一般将来时，故填will meet（考点：宾语从句的时态）。
reminds drivers to slow down：“提醒司机减速”译为remind drivers to slow down，主语为单数，一般现在时（考点：动词短语应用）。
is reminded of the good times：“想起美好时光”译为be reminded of the good times，Grandma与remind为被动关系，故用被动语态（考点：被动语态+固定短语）。
高考真题
1. 2023年浙江卷（书面表达）
题干：假定你是李华，你和同学计划周末去敬老院慰问老人，请给班长张明写一封邮件，提醒他携带必要物品（如水果、节目单）。
要求：包含“remind sb. to do sth.”短语。
参考范文：I’m writing to remind you to bring some necessary items for our visit to the nursing home, such as fresh fruit and the program list.
解析：考查remind sb. to do sth. 结构，贴合“提醒他人做事”的邮件场景，符合高考应用文简洁、明确的要求（考点：动词短语在应用文的应用）。
2. 2024年北京卷（语法填空）
题干：The scenery here reminds me of ________ small town I visited last year.
答案：the
解析：考查remind sb. of sth. 结构，“small town”后有定语从句“ I visited last year”，表特指，故填the（考点：冠词+固定短语）。
7. remove（vt.去除；移开；脱去；勒令退学）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 去除（remove sth. from sth.，如“remove stains from clothes”）； 移开（remove sth. to sp.，如“remove the desk to the corner”）； 勒令退学/辞职（remove sb. from sth.，如“remove him from his post”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The workers were busy removing rubbish ________ the river to protect water quality.
2. He was removed ________ his position as manager because of his poor performance.
3. Please remove your shoes before entering the room—this is a ________ (tradition) custom here.
4. The doctor advised her to remove the bandage ________ (careful) to avoid hurting the wound.
（2）完成句子
5. 为了改善空气质量，政府已采取措施从城市中心移除高污染工厂。To improve air quality, the government has taken measures to ________ from the city center.
6. 工作人员用特殊工具清除了墙上的旧海报，让墙面恢复整洁。The staff used special tools to ________, making the wall clean again.
答案及解析
from：remove sth. from sth. 为固定短语，表“从……去除……”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
from：remove sb. from sth. 表“将某人从……职位上移除”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
traditional：修饰名词custom，需填形容词traditional（考点：词性转换）。
carefully：修饰动词remove，需填副词carefully（考点：副词修饰动词）。
remove high-pollution factories：“移除高污染工厂”译为remove high-pollution factories，take measures to后接动词原形（考点：动词短语应用）。
remove the old posters from the wall：“清除墙上的旧海报”译为remove the old posters from the wall，use tools to后接动词原形（考点：固定短语应用）。
高考真题
1. 2023年江苏卷（阅读理解A篇）
题干：What did the volunteers do to protect the lake
A. They added more fish to the lake.
B. They removed plastic waste from the lake.
C. They poured clean water into the lake.
D. They planted trees around the lake.
答案：B
解析：考查remove作“去除”的词义，题干问“志愿者保护湖泊的做法”，“去除塑料垃圾”是合理措施，对应选项B（考点：动词在语境中的理解）。
2. 2024年全国甲卷（语法填空）
题干：The old books, which were no longer needed, ________ (remove) from the library last week to make space for new ones.
答案：were removed
解析：考查remove作“移开”的词义，“old books”与remove为被动关系，last week提示一般过去时，故填were removed（考点：被动语态）。
8. intend（vi.&vt.打算；计划；想要）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 打算做某事（intend to do sth. / intend doing sth.，如“intend to study abroad”）； 打算让某人做某事（intend sb. to do sth.，如“intend him to be a doctor”）； 被设计用于（be intended for，如“the book is intended for children”）； 虚拟用法：had intended to do sth. 表“本打算做某事（未做）”。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. She intends ________ (take) a gap year before going to college to travel around the world.
2. This course is intended ________ students who want to improve their business English.
3. We had intended ________ (attend) the meeting, but we were delayed by heavy traffic.
4. His ________ (intend) to help the poor has won him great respect from the community.
（2）完成句子
5. 政府打算投资更多资金用于乡村教育，改善农村学校的设施。The government ________ more money in rural education to improve the facilities of rural schools.
6. 这本字典是为初学者设计的，解释简单易懂。This dictionary ________, with simple and easy-to-understand explanations.
答案及解析
to take/ taking：intend后可接不定式或动名词，故填to take/ taking（考点：动词后接非谓语动词的两种形式）。
for：be intended for 为固定短语，表“为……设计”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
to attend：had intended to do sth. 为固定结构，表“本打算做某事”（考点：虚拟用法）。
intention：空前有his，需填名词intention（考点：词性转换）。
intends to invest：“打算投资”译为intend to invest，主语为单数，一般现在时（考点：动词短语应用）。
is intended for beginners：“为初学者设计”译为be intended for beginners，主语为单数，一般现在时（考点：固定短语应用）。
高考真题
1. 2023年新高考Ⅰ卷（语法填空）
题干：The author intends ________ (convey) the message that love can overcome all difficulties through this story.
答案：to convey
解析：考查intend to do sth. 结构，表“打算传达信息”，符合“作者通过故事表达主旨”的语境（考点：不定式作宾语）。
2. 2024年天津卷（阅读理解B篇）
题干：What is this app intended for
A. Helping users learn cooking.
B. Helping users manage time.
C. Helping users buy clothes.
D. Helping users play games.
答案：B
解析：考查be intended for的词义（被设计用于），原文提到“the app helps users make schedules and track tasks”，对应“管理时间”，选项B（考点：形容词短语在语境中的理解）。
9. die out（灭亡；逐渐消失）
核心精要
短语&核心用法： die out 灭亡（物种）、逐渐消失（习俗/语言），如“dinosaurs died out millions of years ago”；
易混短语：
die of 死于内因（疾病、饥饿，如“die of cancer”）；
die from 死于外因（事故、污染，如“die from a car accident”）；
die away 声音/光线渐弱（如“the wind died away”）；
die down 情绪/火势平息（如“the excitement died down”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. Many ancient languages are dying ________ because fewer and fewer people speak them.
2. The old man died ________ a heart attack after waiting for his son for hours.
3. The sound of the bell died ________ gradually as the students walked away.
4. The fire finally died ________ after the firefighters worked for three hours.
（2）完成句子
5. 如果不采取紧急措施，这种珍稀鸟类将在十年内灭绝。If no emergency measures are taken, this rare bird will ________ in ten years.
6. 随着现代生活方式的普及，一些传统手工艺正在逐渐消失。With the popularity of modern lifestyles, some traditional crafts ________.
答案及解析
out：“语言逐渐消失”用die out（考点：短语搭配）。
of：“死于心脏病”是内因，用die of（考点：短语辨析）。
away：“铃声渐弱”用die away（考点：短语辨析）。
down：“火势平息”用die down（考点：短语辨析）。
die out：“灭绝”译为die out，will后接动词原形（考点：短语应用）。
are dying out gradually：“逐渐消失”译为be dying out gradually，描述正在发生的过程用现在进行时（考点：时态+短语应用）。
高考真题
1. 2023年全国甲卷（阅读理解C篇）
题干：What is the main reason for the species dying out in this area
A. Lack of food.
B. Habitat destruction.
C. Natural disasters.
D. Overpopulation.
答案：B
解析：考查die out的词义（灭亡），题干问“物种灭绝的主要原因”，原文提到“human activities have destroyed their natural habitat”，对应选项B（考点：短语在语境中的理解）。
2. 2024年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：Some traditional folk songs ________ (die out) if young people don’t learn and pass them on.
答案：will die out
解析：考查die out的时态，if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故填will die out（考点：时态一致）。
10. be aware of（意识到；知道）
核心精要
短语&核心用法： be aware of sth. 意识到某事（如“be aware of the danger”）； be aware that 意识到……（如“be aware that smoking is harmful”）； 派生：awareness（n.意识，如“raise environmental awareness”）； 固定表达：as far as I’m aware 据我所知。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. People are becoming more aware ________ the importance of protecting biodiversity.
2. As far as I’m ________ (aware), this is the first time he has won a national award.
3. The campaign aims to raise public ________ (aware) of the risks of excessive screen time.
4. She wasn’t aware ________ she had made a mistake until her teacher pointed it out.
（2）完成句子
5. 许多人没有意识到，节约用水对缓解全球水资源短缺至关重要。Many people ________ saving water is crucial to relieving global water shortage.
6. 学校通过举办讲座和展览，提高学生的食品安全意识。Schools ________ by holding lectures and exhibitions.
答案及解析
of：be aware of 为固定短语，表“意识到……”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
aware：As far as I’m aware 为固定表达，表“据我所知”（考点：固定句型）。
awareness：空前有public，需填名词awareness（考点：词性转换）。
that：be aware 后接宾语从句，从句不缺成分，用that引导（考点：宾语从句连接词）。
are not aware that：“没有意识到……”译为be not aware that从句，主语为复数，一般现在时（考点：宾语从句+短语应用）。
raise students’ awareness of food safety：“提高学生的食品安全意识”译为raise students’ awareness of food safety，描述客观做法用一般现在时（考点：名词短语+动词短语）。
高考真题
1. 2023年全国乙卷（书面表达）
题干：假定你是李华，你校将举办“环保周”活动，请你写一则通知，呼吁同学们提高环保意识。
要求：包含“be aware of”或“raise awareness”短语。
参考范文：During the “Environmental Protection Week”, we hope all students will be aware of their role in protecting the environment and take practical actions.
解析：考查be aware of的用法，表“意识到自己的角色”，贴合通知中“呼吁环保”的场景，符合高考应用文的号召力要求（考点：短语在应用文的应用）。
2. 2025年全国乙卷（模拟题）
题干：The survey shows that 60% of teenagers are not aware ________ the harm of staying up late.
答案：of
解析：考查be aware of 短语，表“没有意识到熬夜的危害”，of不可省略（考点：固定介词搭配）。
11. due to（由于；因为；到期的）
核心精要
短语&核心用法： 由于（后接名词/代词/动名词，作表语或状语，如“The delay is due to bad weather”）； 到期的（be due to do sth. 表“预定做某事”，如“The train is due to arrive at 3 pm”）； 易混辨析：due to（后接名词，可作表语/状语） vs because of（后接名词，仅作状语） vs because（后接从句）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The flight was cancelled due ________ heavy fog, causing many passengers to complain.
2. The final exam is due ________ (take) in two weeks, so students are busy reviewing.
3. The success of the project is due ________ the efforts of the entire team.
4. The rent for this apartment is due ________ the 5th of every month.
（2）完成句子
5. 由于缺乏经验，他在第一次尝试时没有完成任务。________ lack of experience, he didn’t complete the task in his first attempt.
6. 这部电影原定下周上映，但由于后期制作问题，将推迟到下个月。This film ________ next week, but it will be delayed until next month due to post-production issues.
答案及解析
to：due to 为固定短语，表“由于”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
to take：be due to do sth. 表“预定做某事”，故填to take（考点：不定式作表语）。
to：due to 表“应归于”，“项目成功应归于团队努力”（考点：固定介词搭配）。
on：“租金在每月5号到期”，具体日期前用介词on（考点：介词搭配）。
Due to：“由于缺乏经验”译为Due to lack of experience，句首首字母大写（考点：短语作状语）。
is due to be shown：“原定上映”译为be due to be shown，“电影”与“上映”为被动关系，故用被动语态（考点：被动语态+固定短语）。
高考真题
1. 2023年北京卷（语法填空）
题干：The increase in air pollution is mainly due to ________ (burn) of fossil fuels.
答案：the burning
解析：考查due to后接名词，“燃烧化石燃料”译为the burning of fossil fuels，burning为动名词，需加the表特指（考点：动名词作宾语）。
2. 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷（阅读理解A篇）
题干：Why was the concert delayed
A. Due to the singer’s illness.
B. Due to lack of audience.
C. Due to bad equipment.
D. Due to a power cut.
答案：A
解析：考查due to作“由于”的用法，题干问“音乐会推迟的原因”，原文提到“the singer fell ill”，对应选项A（考点：短语在语境中的理解）。
12. “Only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句用部分倒装
语法规则： 触发条件：Only + 状语（副词/介词短语/状语从句）置于句首，主句需部分倒装（助动词/情态动词/系动词be提到主语前）；
例外：Only修饰主语时，主句不倒装（如“Only he knows the truth”）；
结构示例：
Only by working hard can we succeed.（Only+介词短语）
Only when we study hard will we pass the exam.（Only+状语从句，从句不倒装，主句倒装）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空（补全倒装结构）
1. Only by practicing spoken English every day ________ (improve) your pronunciation.
2. Only when you understand the rules ________ (avoid) making mistakes in the exam.
3. Only after he finished his homework ________ (allow) to watch TV.
4. Only in this way ________ (solve) the problem effectively.
（2）完成句子（改为倒装句）
5. We can realize our dreams only through persistent effort.→ Only through persistent effort ________.
6. You will know the value of health only when you lose it.→ Only when you lose it ________.
答案及解析
can we improve：Only+介词短语置于句首，主句用“can+主语+动词原形”倒装（考点：倒装结构+情态动词）。
can you avoid：Only+状语从句置于句首，主句用“can+主语+动词原形”倒装（考点：倒装结构+情态动词）。
was he allowed：Only+时间状语置于句首，主句用被动语态“was+主语+allowed”倒装，he与allow为被动关系（考点：倒装结构+被动语态）。
can we solve：Only+介词短语置于句首，主句用“can+主语+动词原形”倒装（考点：倒装结构+情态动词）。
can we realize our dreams：原句Only短语置于句首，主句“can we realize”部分倒装（考点：倒装结构转换）。
will you know the value of health：原句Only从句置于句首，主句“will you know”部分倒装（考点：倒装结构转换）。
高考真题
1. 2023年天津卷（语法填空）
题干：Only by respecting the differences between cultures ________ (promote) cross-cultural communication.
答案：can we promote
解析：考查Only+介词短语置于句首的倒装，主句需部分倒装，“can”提到主语“we”前，表“只有尊重文化差异，才能促进跨文化交流”（考点：倒装结构+情态动词）。
2. 2024年全国甲卷（语法填空）
题干：Only when the problem is properly analyzed ________ (find) a solution.
答案：can we find
解析：考查Only+状语从句置于句首的倒装，从句不倒装，主句“can we find”部分倒装，符合“只有正确分析问题，才能找到解决方案”的语境（考点：倒装结构+状语从句）。
13. This/That is why...（这/那就是……的原因）
句型&核心用法：
This/That is why...：表“这/那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，后接结果（如“He didn’t study hard. That is why he failed the exam.”）；
易混句型：
This/That is because...：表“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句，后接原因（如“He failed the exam. That is because he didn’t study hard.”）；
The reason why...is that...：表“……的原因是……”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句（如“The reason why he failed is that he didn’t study hard.”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空（填连接词）
1. He got up late this morning. That is ________ he missed the early bus.
2. She failed the interview. That is because she ________ (not prepare) for it carefully.
3. The reason why he is popular among classmates is ________ he is always ready to help others.
4. We need to plant more trees. This is ________ trees can improve air quality.
（2）完成句子
5. 他在比赛中刻苦训练，这就是他获得冠军的原因。He trained hard in the competition. ________ he won the championship.
6. 我们应该减少使用一次性塑料，原因是它会造成严重的环境污染。________ we should reduce the use of disposable plastics is that it causes serious environmental pollution.
答案及解析
why：前句是原因（起晚了），后句是结果（错过公交），用why（考点：连接词选择）。
didn’t prepare：because引导表语从句，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时（考点：从句时态）。
that：The reason why...is that...为固定句型，表语从句不缺成分，用that（考点：连接词选择）。
because：前句是结果（种树），后句是原因（树能改善空气质量），用because（考点：连接词选择）。
This is why：“这就是他获得冠军的原因”译为This is why，后接结果从句（考点：句型应用）。
The reason why：“我们应该减少使用一次性塑料的原因”译为The reason why，引导定语从句（考点：句型应用）。
高考真题
1. 2023年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：People need to save water every day. This is ________ water shortage has become a global problem.
答案：why
解析：考查This is why...句型，后接结果（“需要节约用水”的结果是“水资源短缺成全球问题”），故填why（考点：表语从句连接词）。
2. 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷（阅读理解D篇）
题干：What is the reason why the author recommends this book
A. It is easy to read.
B. It is full of interesting stories.
C. It helps readers understand environmental issues.
D. It is written by a famous author.
答案：C
解析：考查The reason why...句型的理解，题干问“推荐这本书的原因”，原文提到“the book explains environmental problems clearly”，对应选项C（考点：句型在语境中的应用）。
第二部分 核心语法模块（高频考点）
现在进行时的被动语态
（一）构成
基本结构：be(am/is/are) + being + 过去分词（done）
例：The new library is being built.（新图书馆正在被修建。）
（二）句式结构
句式 结构示例
肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + being done
否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + being done
一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being done
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being done
（三）核心用法
此刻正在进行的被动动作：常配now, at the moment等状语例：A meeting is being held in the hall now.（大厅里正在开一场会议。）
现阶段进行的被动动作：此刻未必正在发生例：
My phone is being fixed these days.（我的手机这几天在修。）
带情感的经常性被动行为：配always, constantly等副词例：
The window is always being broken by kids.（窗户总被孩子们打破，真烦人。）
计划中的被动动作：表将来安排例：
A concert is being held tonight.（今晚将举办一场音乐会。）
情态动词表推测：情态动词 + be + being done
例：He may be being criticized by the teacher.（他或许正在被老师批评。）
（四）易错注意事项
1. 不可漏be或being：缺一则成一般现在时被动或系表结构 The report is written.（系表结构：报告写得好。） The report is being written.（报告正在被撰写。）
2. 动词短语介词不省略：如take care of, look after等 The babies are being looked after by nurses.（婴儿正由护士照看。）
3. 部分动词不适用：非延续性动词、表所属/存在的动词（如belong, have）等 The book is being belonged to him. The book belongs to him.（这本书是他的。）
4. 同义替换结构：be + under/in + 名词 = 现在进行时被动例：The plan is under discussion. = The plan is being discussed.
练习题
（一）基础填空（用所给动词适当形式填空）
1. The old houses _______ (pull) down because of the new project.（now）
2. These problems _______ (always, talk) about in our class meetings.（表不满）
3. _______ the letters _______ (send) to the customers at the moment （一般疑问句）
4. My computer _______ (repair) this week, so I use my sister’s.（现阶段）
5. Who _______ (train) for the sports meeting now （特殊疑问句）
答案
are being pulled 2. are always being talked 3. Are; being sent 4. is being repaired 5. is being trained
高考真题
（一）2023年新高考II卷（语法填空）
The museum’s collection _______ (study) by experts now to find their origins.
答案：is being studied
解析：由now可知动作正在进行，collection与study为被动关系，故用现在进行时被动语态。
（二）2024年全国甲卷（单项选择）
— Why is the road closed — Because it _______ (repair) at the moment.
repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. was repaired
答案：C
解析：at the moment表此刻，road与repair为被动关系，故选现在进行时被动语态。
（三）2025年全国卷I（语篇填空改编）
The artwork inspired by Go _______ (show) in the museum now, attracting many visitors.
答案：is being shown
解析：now提示此刻进行，artwork与show为被动关系，符合“be + being + done”结构。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
2026年人教必修第二册U2 高考二轮复习核心资料（词汇+语法+高考真题）
第一部分 核心词汇词组
1. average（n.平均数；adj.平均的；v.平均为）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： n. 平均数（an average of+数词，表“平均有”）； adj. 平均的（on average 表“平均起来”，above/below average 表“高于/低于平均水平”）； v. 平均为（主动表客观数据，无被动，如“The river averages 50 meters wide”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The monthly average temperature in this city ________ (drop) by 2℃ over the past decade due to global warming.
2. An average of 200 students ________ (participate) in the volunteer activity every semester.
3. As we all know, ________ average, a healthy adult needs 7-8 hours of sleep daily.
4. The cost of living here is well above ________ average, making it hard for young people to settle down.
（2）完成句子
5. 据统计，我国每个家庭平均每年产生约1.2吨生活垃圾。According to statistics, each family in China produces ________ about 1.2 tons of domestic waste every year.
6. 这个班学生的数学成绩低于年级平均水平，老师决定加强辅导。The students’ math scores in this class are ________, so the teacher decides to strengthen tutoring.
高考真题
1. 2023年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：The average rainfall in the area has decreased by 15% compared with that of last year, ________ (make) the farmland dry.
2. 2024年全国乙卷（阅读理解A篇）
题干：What is the average number of books borrowed per person in the city library every month ( )
A. 3 B. 5 C. 8 D. 10
2. concern（vt.涉及；让……担忧；adj.担忧的）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： vt. 涉及（concern sth.）；担忧（concern oneself about sth.）； adj. concerned（担忧的，be concerned about/for；相关的，作后置定语，如the authorities concerned）； n. 关心（show concern for）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The report mainly concerns ________ (protect) the habitat of endangered species.
2. All parents are concerned ________ their children’s physical and mental health.
3. As far as I ________ (concern), online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.
4. The meeting will invite experts and ________ (concern) citizens to discuss air pollution.
（2）完成句子
5. 许多人担忧人工智能的发展会导致大量失业。Many people ________ the development of AI will lead to mass unemployment.
6. 就英语学习而言，我认为词汇积累比语法记忆更重要。________, I think vocabulary accumulation is more important than grammar memorization.
高考真题
1. 2023年北京卷（书面表达）
题干：假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信说他担忧自己的中文学习进度，请你回信安慰他并给出建议。
要求：包含“be concerned about”或“show concern for”短语。
2. 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷（语法填空）
题干：The survey, which concerns the use of electronic devices among teenagers, ________ (conduct) last month.
3. adapt（vi.适应；vt.使适应；改编）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 适应（adapt to sth. / adapt oneself to sth.，如“adapt to new life”）； 改编（adapt sth. from sth. / be adapted for sth.，如“adapt a novel into a film”）； 派生：adaptation（n.适应；改编本）、adaptable（adj.适应性强的）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. It takes time for freshmen to adapt ________ (they) to the independent life in college.
2. This TV play, which ________ (adapt) from a popular novel, has won high praise.
3. The ability to adapt ________ changing circumstances is essential for personal growth.
4. His latest work is an ________ (adapt) of a classic story set in ancient China.
（2）完成句子
5. 为了帮助留守儿童适应城市生活，社区开展了一系列关爱活动。
To help left-behind children ________, the community has launched a series of caring activities.
6.这部歌剧是根据莫言的小说《红高粱家族》改编的，很受观众欢迎。
This opera ________ Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum Clan and is very popular with audiences.
高考真题
1. 2023年全国甲卷（阅读理解B篇）
题干：Why do some animals fail to adapt to climate change
A. They lack food sources.
B. They can’t change their habits.
C. They are hunted by humans.
D. They lose their natural enemies.
2. 2024年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：The play, ________ (adapt) for children aged 5-8, simplifies the original plot while keeping its core message.
4. measure（vt.测量；vi.量度为；n.措施）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： n. 措施（take measures to do sth.，表“采取措施做某事”）；尺寸（make sth. to one’s measure）； v. 测量（measure sth. in/by...）；量度为（主动表被动，如“The room measures 10×8 meters”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The government has taken strict ________ (measure) to reduce carbon emissions.
2. This rope measures 50 meters in length and ________ (use) for climbing.
3. The tailor will make a suit ________ your measure, so it will fit you perfectly.
4. We need to measure the success of the project ________ the number of people it helps.
（2）完成句子
5. 为保护长江江豚，当地政府采取了禁止非法捕鱼的措施。To protect the Yangtze finless porpoise, the local government has ________ illegal fishing.
6. 这座新建的图书馆长80米、宽40米，可容纳2000名读者。The newly-built library ________, and can hold 2,000 readers.
高考真题
1. 2023年天津卷（语法填空）
题干：The ancient tower, which ________ (measure) 30 meters high, has stood here for over 500 years.
2. 2025年全国甲卷（模拟题）
题干：What measures have been taken to deal with the problem of plastic pollution
A. Banning single-use plastics.
B. Increasing plastic production.
C. Ignoring public opinions.
D. Cutting down trees.
5. observe（vt.观察；遵守；庆祝）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 观察（observe sb. do sth. 表“观察到某人做了某事”；observe sb. doing sth. 表“观察到某人正在做某事”）； 遵守（observe rules/laws，如“observe traffic rules”）； 庆祝（observe festivals，如“observe the Spring Festival”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The researcher observed the mice ________ (run) around the cage for 20 minutes.
2. It is everyone’s duty to observe the ________ (rule) of public order.
3. Many families observe the tradition of ________ (eat) dumplings on New Year’s Eve.
4. The students were observed ________ (discuss) the problem actively in groups.
（2）完成句子
5. 科学家通过长期观察发现，这种鸟每年都会迁徙到温暖的南方。Through long-term observation, scientists ________ this kind of bird migrates to the warm south every year.
6. 在这个国家，人们会通过举办花展来庆祝樱花节。In this country, people ________ by holding flower exhibitions.
高考真题
1. 2023年全国乙卷（语法填空）
题干：When the teacher observed the students ________ (struggle) with the math problem, she offered help immediately.
2. 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷（阅读理解C篇）
题干：Why do people in this region observe the “Tree-Planting Day”
A. To earn money.
B. To protect the environment.
C. To show off wealth.
D. To waste time.
6. remind（vt.提醒；使想起）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 提醒（remind sb. to do sth.，表“提醒某人做某事”）； 使想起（remind sb. of sth.，表“使某人想起某事/某人”）； 派生：reminder（n.提醒物，如“a reminder note”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. Please remind me ________ (call) my mother tonight—she’s waiting for my report.
2. The old photo reminds me ________ my childhood spent in the countryside.
3. This app sends a ________ (remind) to users every morning to drink enough water.
4. He reminded me that we ________ (meet) at the school gate at 8 o’clock tomorrow.
（2）完成句子
5. 这个标志提醒司机在学校区域减速慢行。This sign ________ in the school zone.
6. 听到这首老歌，奶奶想起了她年轻时的美好时光。Hearing this old song, Grandma ________ when she was young.
高考真题
1. 2023年浙江卷（书面表达）
题干：假定你是李华，你和同学计划周末去敬老院慰问老人，请给班长张明写一封邮件，提醒他携带必要物品（如水果、节目单）。
要求：包含“remind sb. to do sth.”短语。
2. 2024年北京卷（语法填空）
题干：The scenery here reminds me of ________ small town I visited last year.
7. remove（vt.去除；移开；脱去；勒令退学）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 去除（remove sth. from sth.，如“remove stains from clothes”）； 移开（remove sth. to sp.，如“remove the desk to the corner”）； 勒令退学/辞职（remove sb. from sth.，如“remove him from his post”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The workers were busy removing rubbish ________ the river to protect water quality.
2. He was removed ________ his position as manager because of his poor performance.
3. Please remove your shoes before entering the room—this is a ________ (tradition) custom here.
4. The doctor advised her to remove the bandage ________ (careful) to avoid hurting the wound.
（2）完成句子
5. 为了改善空气质量，政府已采取措施从城市中心移除高污染工厂。To improve air quality, the government has taken measures to ________ from the city center.
6. 工作人员用特殊工具清除了墙上的旧海报，让墙面恢复整洁。The staff used special tools to ________, making the wall clean again.
高考真题
1. 2023年江苏卷（阅读理解A篇）
题干：What did the volunteers do to protect the lake
A. They added more fish to the lake.
B. They removed plastic waste from the lake.
C. They poured clean water into the lake.
D. They planted trees around the lake.
2. 2024年全国甲卷（语法填空）
题干：The old books, which were no longer needed, ________ (remove) from the library last week to make space for new ones.
8. intend（vi.&vt.打算；计划；想要）
核心精要
词性&核心用法： 打算做某事（intend to do sth. / intend doing sth.，如“intend to study abroad”）； 打算让某人做某事（intend sb. to do sth.，如“intend him to be a doctor”）； 被设计用于（be intended for，如“the book is intended for children”）； 虚拟用法：had intended to do sth. 表“本打算做某事（未做）”。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. She intends ________ (take) a gap year before going to college to travel around the world.
2. This course is intended ________ students who want to improve their business English.
3. We had intended ________ (attend) the meeting, but we were delayed by heavy traffic.
4. His ________ (intend) to help the poor has won him great respect from the community.
（2）完成句子
5. 政府打算投资更多资金用于乡村教育，改善农村学校的设施。The government ________ more money in rural education to improve the facilities of rural schools.
6. 这本字典是为初学者设计的，解释简单易懂。This dictionary ________, with simple and easy-to-understand explanations.
高考真题
1. 2023年新高考Ⅰ卷（语法填空）
题干：The author intends ________ (convey) the message that love can overcome all difficulties through this story.
2. 2024年天津卷（阅读理解B篇）
题干：What is this app intended for
A. Helping users learn cooking.
B. Helping users manage time.
C. Helping users buy clothes.
D. Helping users play games.
9. die out（灭亡；逐渐消失）
核心精要
短语&核心用法： die out 灭亡（物种）、逐渐消失（习俗/语言），如“dinosaurs died out millions of years ago”；
易混短语：
die of 死于内因（疾病、饥饿，如“die of cancer”）；
die from 死于外因（事故、污染，如“die from a car accident”）；
die away 声音/光线渐弱（如“the wind died away”）；
die down 情绪/火势平息（如“the excitement died down”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. Many ancient languages are dying ________ because fewer and fewer people speak them.
2. The old man died ________ a heart attack after waiting for his son for hours.
3. The sound of the bell died ________ gradually as the students walked away.
4. The fire finally died ________ after the firefighters worked for three hours.
（2）完成句子
5. 如果不采取紧急措施，这种珍稀鸟类将在十年内灭绝。If no emergency measures are taken, this rare bird will ________ in ten years.
6. 随着现代生活方式的普及，一些传统手工艺正在逐渐消失。With the popularity of modern lifestyles, some traditional crafts ________.
高考真题
1. 2023年全国甲卷（阅读理解C篇）
题干：What is the main reason for the species dying out in this area
A. Lack of food.
B. Habitat destruction.
C. Natural disasters.
D. Overpopulation.
2. 2024年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：Some traditional folk songs ________ (die out) if young people don’t learn and pass them on.
10. be aware of（意识到；知道）
核心精要
短语&核心用法： be aware of sth. 意识到某事（如“be aware of the danger”）； be aware that 意识到……（如“be aware that smoking is harmful”）； 派生：awareness（n.意识，如“raise environmental awareness”）； 固定表达：as far as I’m aware 据我所知。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. People are becoming more aware ________ the importance of protecting biodiversity.
2. As far as I’m ________ (aware), this is the first time he has won a national award.
3. The campaign aims to raise public ________ (aware) of the risks of excessive screen time.
4. She wasn’t aware ________ she had made a mistake until her teacher pointed it out.
（2）完成句子
5. 许多人没有意识到，节约用水对缓解全球水资源短缺至关重要。Many people ________ saving water is crucial to relieving global water shortage.
6. 学校通过举办讲座和展览，提高学生的食品安全意识。Schools ________ by holding lectures and exhibitions.
高考真题
1. 2023年全国乙卷（书面表达）
题干：假定你是李华，你校将举办“环保周”活动，请你写一则通知，呼吁同学们提高环保意识。
要求：包含“be aware of”或“raise awareness”短语。
2. 2025年全国乙卷（模拟题）
题干：The survey shows that 60% of teenagers are not aware ________ the harm of staying up late.
11. due to（由于；因为；到期的）
核心精要
短语&核心用法： 由于（后接名词/代词/动名词，作表语或状语，如“The delay is due to bad weather”）； 到期的（be due to do sth. 表“预定做某事”，如“The train is due to arrive at 3 pm”）； 易混辨析：due to（后接名词，可作表语/状语） vs because of（后接名词，仅作状语） vs because（后接从句）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空
1. The flight was cancelled due ________ heavy fog, causing many passengers to complain.
2. The final exam is due ________ (take) in two weeks, so students are busy reviewing.
3. The success of the project is due ________ the efforts of the entire team.
4. The rent for this apartment is due ________ the 5th of every month.
（2）完成句子
5. 由于缺乏经验，他在第一次尝试时没有完成任务。________ lack of experience, he didn’t complete the task in his first attempt.
6. 这部电影原定下周上映，但由于后期制作问题，将推迟到下个月。This film ________ next week, but it will be delayed until next month due to post-production issues.
高考真题
1. 2023年北京卷（语法填空）
题干：The increase in air pollution is mainly due to ________ (burn) of fossil fuels.
2. 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷（阅读理解A篇）
题干：Why was the concert delayed
A. Due to the singer’s illness.
B. Due to lack of audience.
C. Due to bad equipment.
D. Due to a power cut.
12. “Only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句用部分倒装
语法规则： 触发条件：Only + 状语（副词/介词短语/状语从句）置于句首，主句需部分倒装（助动词/情态动词/系动词be提到主语前）；
例外：Only修饰主语时，主句不倒装（如“Only he knows the truth”）；
结构示例：
Only by working hard can we succeed.（Only+介词短语）
Only when we study hard will we pass the exam.（Only+状语从句，从句不倒装，主句倒装）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空（补全倒装结构）
1. Only by practicing spoken English every day ________ (improve) your pronunciation.
2. Only when you understand the rules ________ (avoid) making mistakes in the exam.
3. Only after he finished his homework ________ (allow) to watch TV.
4. Only in this way ________ (solve) the problem effectively.
（2）完成句子（改为倒装句）
5. We can realize our dreams only through persistent effort.→ Only through persistent effort ________.
6. You will know the value of health only when you lose it.→ Only when you lose it ________.
高考真题
1. 2023年天津卷（语法填空）
题干：Only by respecting the differences between cultures ________ (promote) cross-cultural communication.
2. 2024年全国甲卷（语法填空）
题干：Only when the problem is properly analyzed ________ (find) a solution.
13. This/That is why...（这/那就是……的原因）
句型&核心用法：
This/That is why...：表“这/那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，后接结果（如“He didn’t study hard. That is why he failed the exam.”）；
易混句型：
This/That is because...：表“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句，后接原因（如“He failed the exam. That is because he didn’t study hard.”）；
The reason why...is that...：表“……的原因是……”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句（如“The reason why he failed is that he didn’t study hard.”）。
即时练
（1）单句语法填空（填连接词）
1. He got up late this morning. That is ________ he missed the early bus.
2. She failed the interview. That is because she ________ (not prepare) for it carefully.
3. The reason why he is popular among classmates is ________ he is always ready to help others.
4. We need to plant more trees. This is ________ trees can improve air quality.
（2）完成句子
5. 他在比赛中刻苦训练，这就是他获得冠军的原因。He trained hard in the competition. ________ he won the championship.
6. 我们应该减少使用一次性塑料，原因是它会造成严重的环境污染。________ we should reduce the use of disposable plastics is that it causes serious environmental pollution.
高考真题
1. 2023年浙江卷（语法填空）
题干：People need to save water every day. This is ________ water shortage has become a global problem.
2. 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷（阅读理解D篇）
题干：What is the reason why the author recommends this book
A. It is easy to read.
B. It is full of interesting stories.
C. It helps readers understand environmental issues.
D. It is written by a famous author.
第二部分 核心语法模块（高频考点）
现在进行时的被动语态
（一）构成
基本结构：be(am/is/are) + being + 过去分词（done）
例：The new library is being built.（新图书馆正在被修建。）
（二）句式结构
句式 结构示例
肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + being done
否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + being done
一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being done
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + being done
（三）核心用法
此刻正在进行的被动动作：常配now, at the moment等状语例：A meeting is being held in the hall now.（大厅里正在开一场会议。）
现阶段进行的被动动作：此刻未必正在发生例：
My phone is being fixed these days.（我的手机这几天在修。）
带情感的经常性被动行为：配always, constantly等副词例：
The window is always being broken by kids.（窗户总被孩子们打破，真烦人。）
计划中的被动动作：表将来安排例：
A concert is being held tonight.（今晚将举办一场音乐会。）
情态动词表推测：情态动词 + be + being done
例：He may be being criticized by the teacher.（他或许正在被老师批评。）
（四）易错注意事项
1. 不可漏be或being：缺一则成一般现在时被动或系表结构 The report is written.（系表结构：报告写得好。） The report is being written.（报告正在被撰写。）
2. 动词短语介词不省略：如take care of, look after等 The babies are being looked after by nurses.（婴儿正由护士照看。）
3. 部分动词不适用：非延续性动词、表所属/存在的动词（如belong, have）等 The book is being belonged to him. The book belongs to him.（这本书是他的。）
4. 同义替换结构：be + under/in + 名词 = 现在进行时被动例：The plan is under discussion. = The plan is being discussed.
练习题
（一）基础填空（用所给动词适当形式填空）
1. The old houses _______ (pull) down because of the new project.（now）
2. These problems _______ (always, talk) about in our class meetings.（表不满）
3. _______ the letters _______ (send) to the customers at the moment （一般疑问句）
4. My computer _______ (repair) this week, so I use my sister’s.（现阶段）
5. Who _______ (train) for the sports meeting now （特殊疑问句）
高考真题
（一）2023年新高考II卷（语法填空）
The museum’s collection _______ (study) by experts now to find their origins.
（二）2024年全国甲卷（单项选择）
— Why is the road closed — Because it _______ (repair) at the moment.
repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. was repaired
（三）2025年全国卷I（语篇填空改编）
The artwork inspired by Go _______ (show) in the museum now, attracting many visitors.

展开更多......

收起↑