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2025-2026学年译林版（2012）英语六年级上册元旦复习讲义（2）
【知识梳理】
一、关于一般过去时态
1. 定义：一般过去时态表示发生在过去的一个动作或状态。
一般句中会有 ago、last、just now、yesterday、one day 等标志性时间状语或单词。
2. 结构：
a. 主语+was/were+其他。 He was a teacher.
b. 主语+行为动词过去式+其它。 They ate apples just now.
c. 主语+could+动词原形+其它。 She couldn’t write then.
二、关于 show（展示）的用法
show sb sth=show sth to sb 给某人看某物
He showed Mr. Li the book =He showed the book to Mr. Li
类似的单词用法还有：
give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物 send sb sth=send sth to sb 给某人发送某物
bring sb sth=bring sth to sb 给某人带来某物
关于“to”介词搭配
take sb sth=take sth to sb 给某人带去某物 write sb sth=write sth to sb 给某人写（信）
make sb sth=make sth for sb 给某人制作某物 buy sb sth—buy sth for sb 给某人买某物
关于“for”介词搭配
cook sb sth=cook sth for sb 给某人做饭
三、关于介词 in 表示“穿”
在众多介词中，只有 in+衣服或颜色，表示“穿”，需要注意的是，它是一个介词，不能充当谓语。
例如：The boy in a blue shirt is Mike.
He walked through the city in his new clothes.
Who is that woman in black
注意上面三个例句中的划线部分，它们是谓语动词，所以只能使用 in表示“穿”，而不能再使用行为动词wear。（简单句中一般只能出现一个谓语动词）
四、关于感叹句中 What/How的使用。
感叹句中如果有名词就用What，没有名词就用How.
例句：What a good boy！
What good boys!
What hot soup!
How beautiful!
五、关于“动—介”“动—副”结构词组中宾语的位置
类似于 pick up/put on/take off/try on 等词组，加名词时，名词可以放中间也可以放后面，代词作宾语时只能放在词组的中间。
口诀：代词放中间，名词靠两边。
例句：The trousers are nice. Try them on.
The coat is nice. Try it on.
He can put his coat on =He can put on his coat.
六、关于rain（重点）
1. rain 下雨（动词）
例句：It often rains. Does it often rain
It rained last week. Did it rain last week
2. rainy 下雨的（形容词）
例句：It is often rainy. It was rainy last week.
be+形容词
例句：Is it often rainy Was it rainy last week
I don’t like rainy days.
3. rain 雨水（不可数名词）
例句：There is a lot of rain.
There be+名词
七、关于询问天气状况
How is the weather = What is the weather like
It’s sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/windy…
八、关于It’s time句型
It’s time to动词原形=It’s time for+名词 该做某事了
例句：It’s time to have lunch. = It’s time for lunch.
It’s time to go to bed. =It’s time for bed.
九、关于助动词后加动词原形
Do/Does/Did/don’t/doesn’t/didn’t后动词必须使用原形。
例句：Did he watch TV last night
Mr. Li didn’t chat with friends on the Internet yesterday.
Where did your father work ten years ago
十、关于 excited 和 exciting的区别
excited（兴奋的）修饰人，exciting（使人兴奋的）修饰事物
例句：The boys are excited when they heard the exciting Dews.
He felt very excited.
The football game was so exciting.
十一、关于be 动词和助动词的使用区别（易错）
助动词的功能：助动词（do/does/did）主要用于帮助行为动词构成疑问和否定。换言之，只有出现行为动词时，一般才会使用助动词，反之，就使用be 动词。
例句：Were you in the US some years ago？ 句中没有行为动词
Did you live in the US some years ago？句中有行为动词
十二、关于“度假”
度假一般有几种表达方法：have a holiday 度假 go for a holiday 去度假 be on holiday 在度假
例句：We visit the zoo for the holiday.
They are on holiday now.
—How was your holiday —It was great fun.
十三、关于use 的用法
use sth to do sth 使用某物做某事
例句：We use wood to make chairs, desks and other things. =We make chairs, desks and other things with wood.
use sth to make=make sth with用某物制作某物
例句：Can you use “egg” to make a sentence. =Can you make a sentence with “egg”.
十四、关于疑问词 who 的用法
Who 看作“三单”形式，回答是一般使用简略的回答方式。
例句：—Who was in the room just now？ —Mr. Li was.
—Who can swim —Mr. Li can.
—Who caught a fish —Mr. Li did.
十五、关于介词的用法
1. 介词+代词宾格 me/you/him/her/it/us/them
例句：He bought some flower for me.
2. 介词+动词现在分词（ing）
例句：How about going for a holiday
They are good at swimming.
十六、关于祈使句的使用
祈使句：表示“命令、请求、邀请、邀请”等语气的句子。
祈使句一般使用动词原形开头，省略主语you. 其否定句形式要在句首+Don’t，加上please 可以使语气更委婉，所以 please+动词原形。
例句：Come out and play football with us.
Don’t worry, please!
Please help me!
十七、关于sign 的考点注意单复数的区别
—What does the sign mean —It meas…
—What do the signs mean —They mean…
—The sign on the wall means…
—The signs on the wall mean…
十八、关于英语中的“乘坐”交通工具
l. take 行为动词 +a/an/the+交通工具放句中，作谓语
例句：He takes the metro to work every day.
2. by介词 直接+交通工具放句尾，作方式状语
例句：He goes to work by metro every day.
3. on 介词 +a/an/the/one’s+交通工具（空间大）放句尾，作方式状语
He goes to work on the metro every day.
4. in 介词 +a/an/the/one's+交通工具（空间小）放句尾，作方式状语
He goes to work in the taxi every day.
注意：in 和on 的使用可以理解为：站立原则，即：可以自由站立的交通工具用on 表示，反之则用 in.
十九、关于“表示目的”用to do（必考）
在英语中，表示某种目的时，通常使用非谓语动词 to do（不定式）。
例句：To keep the river clean, we shouldn’t throw rubbish in it.
I come to Xu Zhou to see my friends.
We should do something to help him.
二十、关于人称代词宾格形式。
宾格即宾语的格式，在动词和介词后，人称代词要使用其宾格形式：
I-am you-you he-him she-her it-it we-us you-you they-them
例句：Let us help her.
There is a house in front of them.
二十一、关于make的用法
1. make sb do sth 使某人做某事
2. make sb/sth+形容词 使某人/某物…
例句：What makes the air dirty
He always makes me laugh.
He always makes me happy.
疑问词 what 看作三单
二十二、关于 There be 句型
1. There be 句型要遵循“就近一致”原则。即：There be 后出现多个名词时，be 动词要和距离它最近的名词保持一致。
例句：There was a book and two pens on the desk just now.
There were two pens and a book on the desk just now.
2. There be 句型要注意和 some/any 的搭配使用。some用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。
例句：There was some juice in the glass.
There wasn’t any juice in the glass just now.
二十三、关于不定代词看作三单的考点
不定代词：不明确指示某个人或某个事物的代词。如：someone、something、everyone、everything、anything
例句：Someone is smoking there.
Everything goes well.
不定代词要看作三单形式
Is everybody here now
二十四、关于 a lot of 和 a lot
a lot of/ lots of 许多 其后必须加可数名词复数或不可数名词
a lot 许多 其后一定不能加名词
例句：He reads a lot of books about animals.
Billy eats a lot of sweets.
He read a lot about animals.
Billy eats a lot.
二十五、关于“在”某个节日的表达on+带有“Day/Eve”的节日（重点）at不带“Day/Eve”的节日
on Chinese New Year’s Day at Spring Festival
二十六、关于 too much和 too many too much 太多+不可数名词
例句：We shouldn’t use too much plastic.
To keep the air clean, we shouldn’t drive too much.
He eats too much, so he is too fat.
too many 太多＋名词复数
例句：We shouldn’t use too much plastic bags.
There are too many cars on the road.
注意：much 和 many 用法和上述知识点相同。
二十七、关于一般将来时态
一般将来时态：表示将要发生的一个动作或状态。
每由一股会有 next tomorrow/this evening/this weekend 等标志性时间状语
结构：1. 主语+be going to+动词原形
2. 主语+will+动词原形
例句：I am going to have a drink this evening. =| will have a drink this evening
He is going to make a cake tomorrow. = He will make a cake tomorrow.
Are they going to swim this Sunday = Will they swim this Sunday
二十八、关于现在进行时态
现在进行时态：表示正在进行或发生的一个动作。旬中一般有now、at the moment、look、listen、it’s+时间点等时间状语或单词。
结构：主语+be+动词现在分词（ing）
例句：It’s ten o’clock. They are having an English lesson.
Look! The birds are singing in the tree happily.
Don’t shout! My grandma is sleeping.
二十九、关于英语中的几个“说”
say：说+内容（单词、句子、某个物体）
speak：说+语言（英语、汉语）
talk：talk about sth/ talk to/with sb 和某人交淡
tell：讲述（故事、笑话、谎言）
例句：We should say “hi” when we meet our friends.
Can you speak English
They often talk about Christmas with their teacher.
My mother always tells stories for us.
They are talking about their plans for Chinese New Year’s Day.
三十、介词 for、from、to 在信件表达中的用法
for：意为“给”+信件的接收者
from：意为“来自”+信件或物品的发送者
to：意为“给、向”+信件的接收者，一般和write 连用
例句：This letter/book is for you.
I got a letter/present from my friend Mike.
He is writing a letter/an email to his grandma.
【巩固训练】
一、找出划线部分读音不同的选项。
1. A. fireworks B. thirsty C. birthday D. skirt
2. A. Chinese B. Christmas C. chair D. each
3. A. fashion B. waste C. gate D. radio
4. A. know B. show C. throw D. now
5. A. liked B. washed C. watched D. wanted
【答案】ABADD
二、单项选择。
1. The old man walked _____ on the wet floor.
A. careful B. carefuly C. carefully
2. You can move factories _____ the dirty.
A. away of B. away from C. to from
3. The sun can give us lots of _____ .
A. energies B. energys C. energy
4. Listen! They’re talking about their _____ their mother’s birthday.
A. plans for B. plan of C. plan to
5. The king was a _____ man.
A. foolish B. small C. little
6. It is _____ . You should hold onto it.
A. wind B. windy C. winds
7. —Where did you _____ for the holiday —I went to a cinema and _____ a film.
A. went；watch B. go；watched C. went；watched
8. I have e-friends _____ all over the world.
A. from B. at C. in
9. “Keep off the grass” means we _____ walk on the grass.
A. can B. shouldn’t C. should
10. —Let’s _____ school now. —OK.
A. walk at B. walk to C. walk for
11. To keep _____ , you should eat _____ apples.
A. health；a little B. healthy；a few C. healthy；a lot
12. I walk very _____ , but her grandpa walks very _____ .
A. fast；slow B. fast；fast C. slowly；fast
13. The ball is _____ the hole. Sam brings some water and _____ it _____ the hole.
A. on；pours；in B. in；pours；in C. in；pours；into
14. Last weekend, I _____ to the park with my family. It _____ great fun.
A. went；was B. go；is C. went；is
15. Liu Tao has a good habit. He _____ goes to sleep early at night, so he _____ falls asleep in the class.
A. always；seldom B. never；seldom C. always；often
16. Her mother _____ very angry and said, “Do your homework _____ !”
A. was；careful B. is；carefully C. was；carefully
17. Lily was _____ , and she told us the news _____ .
A. excited；happily B. exciting；happily C. excitedly；happily
18. Tom, _____ eat too many sweets. It’s _____ for your teeth.
A. doesn’t；good B. don’t；bad C. don’t；badly
19. The children are _____ in reading _____ books.
A. interested；interesting B. interesting；interesting C. interesting；interested
20. —Can I help you — _____ .
A. No, you can’t. B. Yes, you can. C. I’d like two hamburgers.
【答案】CBCAA BBABB BCCAA CABAC
三、英汉互译。
1. come from the city____________________ 2. 对眼睛有害______________________
3. make a poster________________________ 4. 大部分学生_______________________
5. on Earth________________________ 6. 浪费能源________________________
7. so much oil________________________ 8. 再利用水________________________
9. reuse some energy______________________ 10. 用木头做铅笔________________________
11. 买许多东西_______________________ 12. collect some bags_______________________
13. 在地球上________________________ 14. make an English poster____________________
15. 节约用水________________________ 16. save energy________________________
17. 在除夕________________________ 18. tell them about the project_____________________
19. 砍伐太多树___________________ 20. the most important holiday____________________
21. in the hole____________________ 22. 吵醒，叫醒_____________________
23. 释放，放开____________________ 24. 又大又强壮______________________
25. 从那时起_____________________ 26. a deep hole ______________________
27. pour…into__________________ 28. cheer for ________________________
29. sharp teeth__________________ 30. the next day _____________________
【答案】1. 来自城市 2. be bad for eyes 3. 制作一幅海报 4. most of students 5. 在地球上
6. waste energy 7. 如此多的石油 8. reuse water 9. 再利用一些能源 10. use wood to make pencils 11. buy a lot of things 12. 收集一些袋子 13. on Earth 14. 制作一张英语海报
15. save water 16. 节约能源 17. on Chinese New Year’s Eve 18. 告诉他们有关课题的事
19. cut down too many trees 20. 最重要的假期 21. 在洞里 22. wake up 23. let go 24. large and strong 25. from then on 26. 一个深洞 27. 把……倒进…… 28. 为……喝彩加油 29. 锋利的牙齿 30. 第二天
四、根据首字母提示补全句子。
1. The ant is very small, but it is s____________ . It can carry things.
2. Why did the man h____________ himself on the head with a bottle
3. Please speak l____________ . I can’t hear well.
4. Don’t worry. Your socks will be dry (干的) s____________ .
5. “I can go to the party now,” the girl said h____________ .
6. The lion is very l____________ , and he has s____________ teeth.
7. A s____________ wind is blowing. Heavy rain is falling.
8. My sister is ill. She looks w____________ . She should have a good rest.
9. Alice is crying so s____________ . What’s the matter
10. From then on, the lion and the mouse b____________ friends.
11. Some energy c____________ f____________ the sun.
12.The water is very useful and i____________ .
13. My father likes c____________ the animal stamps.
14. She wants to k____________ all his stories in China.
15. It’s too late. She s____________ on the banana skin and falls on the ground.
16. Shall we make a p____________ for the class outing
17. The frog t____________ into a prince after the girl kissed him.
18. Look! The bees are flying a____________ the big flower.
19. —Who’s the n____________ one to sing —It’s my turn.
20. People usually p____________ t____________ on the twelfth of March.
【答案】1. strong 2. hit 3. loudly 4. soon 5. happily 6. large；sharp 7. strong 8. weak 9. sadly 10. became 11. comes；from 12. important 13. collecting 14. keep 15. slips 16. plan 17. turned 18. around 19. next 20. plant trees
五、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He always ____________ (hit) the ball hard.
2. The boy was ____________. He laughed ____________. (excited)
3. The students are sweeping ____________. (careful)
4. My mother is very ____________. (beautifully)
5. A dog ____________ (bite) me and I had to see a doctor.
6. Be ____________ (quick), or you’ll be late.
7. Please speak ____________ (loud). I cannot hear clearly.
8. I’m really ____________ (well) at singing.
9. The children are playing ____________ (happy) over there.
10. The ball ____________ (get) out from the hole just now.
11. We should walk ____________ (quiet) in the hospital.
12. “Don’t play football in the street. ” The policeman shouted at the children ____________. (angry)
13. —What did the lion and the mouse ____________ (become) —They ____________ (become) friends.
14. Sam ____________ (have)an idea.
15. Sam ____________ (play)table tennis now.
16. He laughs ____________. He is a ____________ boy. (happy)
17. Please keep ____________. The dog is sleeping there ____________ . (quiet)
18. The boy is ____________. He is crying ____________ . (sad)
19. The man is answering the phone ____________. He has a ____________ voice. (loud)
20. The man laughed ____________ (loud).
【答案】1. hits 2. excited；excitedly 3. carefully 4. beautiful 5. bit 6. quick 7. loudly
8. good 9. happily 10. got 11. quietly 12. angrily 13. become；became 14. has 15. is playing
16. happily；happy 17. quiet；quietly 18. sad；sadly 19. loudly；loud 20. loudly
六、根据中文提示完成句子。
1. 昨天我们去了汽车博物馆。我们看见了许多小汽车。
We _____________ to the _____________ ____________ yesterday. We _____________ many cars.
2. 老约翰以前听收音机获取新闻。
Old John _____________ _____________ the radio _____________ _____________ before.
3. 苏海的爷爷喜欢看报纸。
Su Hai’s grandpa likes _____________ _____________ .
4. 现在，我们可以随处给我们的朋友们打电话。
Now we can _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ .
5. 五年前，我不会溜冰，但是我会游泳。
I _____________ skate _____________ _____________ ____________ , but I _____________
_____________ .
6. 在周末，我们通常步行去超市购物，然后去看电影。
At weekends,we usually _____________ _____________ the supermarket to do _____________ , and then we go to the cinema.
7. 三年前，她不会写字和画画。
She couldn’t _____________ _____________ _____________ three _____________ _____________ .
8. 杨玲现在有一部电子书。
Yang Ling _____________ _____________ _____________ now.
9. —上个星期日杰克去看电影了吗 —没有。他在家看电视了。
— _____________ Jack _____________ to the cinema _____________ _____________
—No. He _____________ _____________ at home.
10. 她的姐姐喜欢在互联网上购物。
Her sister likes _____________ _____________ _____________ the _____________ .
11. 他经常在家用电话打电话给我。
He often _____________ the telephone at home to _____________ me.
12. —你们打算什么时候见面 —我们打算下午四点见面。
—What time _____________ you _____________ _____________ meet
—We ____________ ____________ ____________ meet ____________ four ____________ the afternoon.
13. 老鼠帮助狮子从网里出来了。
The _____________ _____________ the lion _____________ _____________ from the net.
14. 他很快弄来些水，并把它倒进了洞里。
He _____________ some water _____________ and _____________ it _____________ the hole.
15. 最后，李叔有了一个好办法。
At _____________ , Uncle Li _____________ a good _____________ .
16. 这只狮子很生气想要吃那只老鼠。
The lion was _____________ and _____________ to eat the mouse.
17. 海伦迅速地拿来了一把椅子。
Helen _____________ a chair _____________ .
【答案】1. went；Car Museum；saw 2. listened to；for news 3. reading newspapers 4. call our friends anywhere 5. couldn’t；five years ago；could swim 6. walk to；shopping 7. write or draw；years ago 8. has an e-book 9. Did；go；last Sunday；watched TV 10. doing shopping on；Internet 11. uses；call 12. are；going to；are going to；at；in 13. mouse helped；get out 14. brought；quickly；poured；into 15. last；had；idea 16. angry；wanted 17. brought；quickly
七、情景交际，找出对应答语。
( )1. Where are you going A. We have three.
( )2. What are you doing B. Yes, I do.
( )3. How many apples do you have C. No, but I have a cute cat.
( )4. Do you like apples D. Yes, I did.
( )5. Do you have a dog E. Some milk.
( )6. Did you go to the Summer Palace F. The girl in red.
( )7. What did you do on Monday G. I’m going to the bookshop.
( )8. What’s in the bottle H. The brown dog’s.
( )9. Who is the lollipop for I. I’m making a fruit salad.
( )10. Whose tail is short J. I climbed the mountain with my classmates.
【答案】1-5 GIABC 6-10 DJEFH
八、按要求完成句子。
1. How lovely the flowers are! (改为同义句)
_____________ _____________ _____________ they are!
2. It was cloudy yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ the weather
3. They went to Xi’an for the holiday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ for the holiday
4. I flew a kite last week. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ you _____________ a kite
5. We went to the Great Wall last Sunday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ you _____________ last Sunday
6. Bobby made a sentence with “egg”. (改为同义句)
Bobby _____________ “egg” _____________ _____________ a sentence.
7. They are going to visit Mr Brown. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ they going _____________ _____________
8. There are a lot of signs on the tree. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ on the tree
9. Sam found Bobby’s wallet near the bin. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ wallet _____________ Sam _____________ near the bin
10. Jack didn’t do well in English three years ago. (改为同义句)
Jack _____________ _____________ _____________ English three years ago.
11. The girls are talking.They are excited.(合并为一句)
The girls _____________ _____________ _____________ .
12. The lion has big and sharp teeth. (改为同义句)
The _____________ _____________ _____________ big and sharp.
13. Little Tom goes to school early in the morning. (改为同义句)
Little Tom doesn’t _____________ to school _____________ in the morning.
14. Liu Tao is a good boy too. (改为同义句)
Liu Tao _____________ _____________ a good boy.
15. Nancy’s parents wake her up every morning. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ Nancy up every morning
【答案】1. What lovely flowers 2. How was 3. What did they do 4. When did；fly 5. Where did；go 6. used；to make 7. Who are；to visit 8. What is 9. Whose；did；find 10. wasn’t good at 11. are talking excitedly 12. lion’s teeth are 13. go；late 14. is also 15. Who wakes
九、阅读理解。
A. 阅读短文，判断正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。
A
When the rabbit first saw the tiger, he was frightened. He ran away and hid himself in the woods. The second time, however, he came near the tiger. He stopped at a safe distance (距离). Then he watched the tiger pass by. The third time, they came near each other. The rabbit went straight up to the tiger. He stayed the whole day with the tiger. He asked the tiger what his family was like and when they would meet again. They soon became good friends.
1. The rabbit hid himself in the woods when he saw the tiger for the first time.
2. The second time,the rabbit came near the tiger.
3. The rabbit stayed with the tiger, and they talked together for the second time.
4. The rabbit met the tiger twice in all.
5. At last, the tiger and the rabbit became friends.
【答案】TTFFT
B
There is a large and strong tiger in the forest. He looks for food because he is very hungry. Suddenly (突然), he sees a frog (青蛙) in front of him. “Haha! A frog! My dinner!” So he rushes (冲) at the frog. But there is a tortoise (乌龟) just behind the tiger. The little tortoise see it. He bites the tiger’s tail. “Ouch!” cries the tiger sadly and he looks back. The frog hears the voice and jumps into the water. “Thank you, Little Tortoise,” says the frog happily.
But the tiger is very angry. “I will throw you into the river.” “Oh!, no! I can’t swim. I’m not afraid of you. I bet (打赌) you will not throw me into the river!” Then the tiger throws the tortoise into the water angrily. “Thank you. Mr Tiger. Bye-bye.” The tortoise and the frog swim away together.
1. The tiger looks for water.
2. The tiger wants to eat the rabbit for dinner.
3. The frog jumps into the water.
4. The tiger throws the tortoise into the water at last.
5. The tiger is clever.
【答案】FFTTF
B. 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
A
One day, an old woman is walking in the street. She sees a little boy trying to reach the doorbell. But the boy is so short that he can’t reach the bell. The old woman is a kind woman, so she says to the little boy, “Let me help you.” Then she pushes the bell so hard that people can hear the bell. The little boy looks up at her and says, “Now let’s run away. Come on.” And then the old woman knows what is happening. The naughty boy runs away.
1. An old woman _____ in the street.
A. is taking a walk B. is riding a bike C. is playing with a child
2. The little boy _____ .
A. is playing in the street B. is trying to reach the doorbell C. is skating in the street
3. The boy is so _____ that he _____ .
A. fat；can’t run fast
B. kind；wants to help the old woman
C. short；can’t reach the bell
4. _____ pushes _____ doorbell
A. The old woman；the boy’s B. The boy；the old woman’s C. The old woman；the
5. The old woman is so _____ that she _____ .
A. happy；helps the boy B. kind；helps the boy C. naughty；pushes the doorbell
【答案】ABCCB
B
Long long ago, there lived a very clever man whose name was Aesop. One day he was taking a walk, when came across a traveller. The traveller stopped him and asked, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I’ll get to town ”
“Go. ” Aesop answered.
“I know I must go, ” said the traveller. “But I want to know how soon I’ll get to town. ”
“Go! ” Aesop said again angrily.
“This man must be mad. ” The traveller thought and went on.
After the traveller had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You’ll get to town in two hours. ”
The traveller was greatly surprised. He turned back and asked, “Why didn’t you tell me that before ”
“How could I have told you that before ” Aesop answered, “I didn’t know how fast you could walk. ”
1. One day Aesop _____ a traveller while he was walking.
A. helped B. found C. met
2. The traveller asked Aesop _____ .
A. to show him the way to town
B. how long it would take him to get to town
C. to go to town with him
3. When did Aesop give the traveller the answer
A. After the traveller got to town.
B. After the traveller had walked some distance.
C. When he wasn’t angry.
4. The traveller thought Aesop was _____ at first.
A. crazy B. foolish C. clever
5. From the story we know Aesop was _____ .
A. clever B. kind C. stupid
【答案】CBBAA2025-2026学年译林版（2012）英语六年级上册元旦复习讲义（2）
【知识梳理】
一、关于一般过去时态
1. 定义：一般过去时态表示发生在过去的一个动作或状态。
一般句中会有 ago、last、just now、yesterday、one day 等标志性时间状语或单词。
2. 结构：
a. 主语+was/were+其他。 He was a teacher.
b. 主语+行为动词过去式+其它。 They ate apples just now.
c. 主语+could+动词原形+其它。 She couldn’t write then.
二、关于 show（展示）的用法
show sb sth=show sth to sb 给某人看某物
He showed Mr. Li the book =He showed the book to Mr. Li
类似的单词用法还有：
give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物 send sb sth=send sth to sb 给某人发送某物
bring sb sth=bring sth to sb 给某人带来某物
关于“to”介词搭配
take sb sth=take sth to sb 给某人带去某物 write sb sth=write sth to sb 给某人写（信）
make sb sth=make sth for sb 给某人制作某物 buy sb sth—buy sth for sb 给某人买某物
关于“for”介词搭配
cook sb sth=cook sth for sb 给某人做饭
三、关于介词 in 表示“穿”
在众多介词中，只有 in+衣服或颜色，表示“穿”，需要注意的是，它是一个介词，不能充当谓语。
例如：The boy in a blue shirt is Mike.
He walked through the city in his new clothes.
Who is that woman in black
注意上面三个例句中的划线部分，它们是谓语动词，所以只能使用 in表示“穿”，而不能再使用行为动词wear。（简单句中一般只能出现一个谓语动词）
四、关于感叹句中 What/How的使用。
感叹句中如果有名词就用What，没有名词就用How.
例句：What a good boy！
What good boys!
What hot soup!
How beautiful!
五、关于“动—介”“动—副”结构词组中宾语的位置
类似于 pick up/put on/take off/try on 等词组，加名词时，名词可以放中间也可以放后面，代词作宾语时只能放在词组的中间。
口诀：代词放中间，名词靠两边。
例句：The trousers are nice. Try them on.
The coat is nice. Try it on.
He can put his coat on =He can put on his coat.
六、关于rain（重点）
1. rain 下雨（动词）
例句：It often rains. Does it often rain
It rained last week. Did it rain last week
2. rainy 下雨的（形容词）
例句：It is often rainy. It was rainy last week.
be+形容词
例句：Is it often rainy Was it rainy last week
I don’t like rainy days.
3. rain 雨水（不可数名词）
例句：There is a lot of rain.
There be+名词
七、关于询问天气状况
How is the weather = What is the weather like
It’s sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/windy…
八、关于It’s time句型
It’s time to动词原形=It’s time for+名词 该做某事了
例句：It’s time to have lunch. = It’s time for lunch.
It’s time to go to bed. =It’s time for bed.
九、关于助动词后加动词原形
Do/Does/Did/don’t/doesn’t/didn’t后动词必须使用原形。
例句：Did he watch TV last night
Mr. Li didn’t chat with friends on the Internet yesterday.
Where did your father work ten years ago
十、关于 excited 和 exciting的区别
excited（兴奋的）修饰人，exciting（使人兴奋的）修饰事物
例句：The boys are excited when they heard the exciting Dews.
He felt very excited.
The football game was so exciting.
十一、关于be 动词和助动词的使用区别（易错）
助动词的功能：助动词（do/does/did）主要用于帮助行为动词构成疑问和否定。换言之，只有出现行为动词时，一般才会使用助动词，反之，就使用be 动词。
例句：Were you in the US some years ago？ 句中没有行为动词
Did you live in the US some years ago？句中有行为动词
十二、关于“度假”
度假一般有几种表达方法：have a holiday 度假 go for a holiday 去度假 be on holiday 在度假
例句：We visit the zoo for the holiday.
They are on holiday now.
—How was your holiday —It was great fun.
十三、关于use 的用法
use sth to do sth 使用某物做某事
例句：We use wood to make chairs, desks and other things. =We make chairs, desks and other things with wood.
use sth to make=make sth with用某物制作某物
例句：Can you use “egg” to make a sentence. =Can you make a sentence with “egg”.
十四、关于疑问词 who 的用法
Who 看作“三单”形式，回答是一般使用简略的回答方式。
例句：—Who was in the room just now？ —Mr. Li was.
—Who can swim —Mr. Li can.
—Who caught a fish —Mr. Li did.
十五、关于介词的用法
1. 介词+代词宾格 me/you/him/her/it/us/them
例句：He bought some flower for me.
2. 介词+动词现在分词（ing）
例句：How about going for a holiday
They are good at swimming.
十六、关于祈使句的使用
祈使句：表示“命令、请求、邀请、邀请”等语气的句子。
祈使句一般使用动词原形开头，省略主语you. 其否定句形式要在句首+Don’t，加上please 可以使语气更委婉，所以 please+动词原形。
例句：Come out and play football with us.
Don’t worry, please!
Please help me!
十七、关于sign 的考点注意单复数的区别
—What does the sign mean —It meas…
—What do the signs mean —They mean…
—The sign on the wall means…
—The signs on the wall mean…
十八、关于英语中的“乘坐”交通工具
l. take 行为动词 +a/an/the+交通工具放句中，作谓语
例句：He takes the metro to work every day.
2. by介词 直接+交通工具放句尾，作方式状语
例句：He goes to work by metro every day.
3. on 介词 +a/an/the/one’s+交通工具（空间大）放句尾，作方式状语
He goes to work on the metro every day.
4. in 介词 +a/an/the/one's+交通工具（空间小）放句尾，作方式状语
He goes to work in the taxi every day.
注意：in 和on 的使用可以理解为：站立原则，即：可以自由站立的交通工具用on 表示，反之则用 in.
十九、关于“表示目的”用to do（必考）
在英语中，表示某种目的时，通常使用非谓语动词 to do（不定式）。
例句：To keep the river clean, we shouldn’t throw rubbish in it.
I come to Xu Zhou to see my friends.
We should do something to help him.
二十、关于人称代词宾格形式。
宾格即宾语的格式，在动词和介词后，人称代词要使用其宾格形式：
I-am you-you he-him she-her it-it we-us you-you they-them
例句：Let us help her.
There is a house in front of them.
二十一、关于make的用法
1. make sb do sth 使某人做某事
2. make sb/sth+形容词 使某人/某物…
例句：What makes the air dirty
He always makes me laugh.
He always makes me happy.
疑问词 what 看作三单
二十二、关于 There be 句型
1. There be 句型要遵循“就近一致”原则。即：There be 后出现多个名词时，be 动词要和距离它最近的名词保持一致。
例句：There was a book and two pens on the desk just now.
There were two pens and a book on the desk just now.
2. There be 句型要注意和 some/any 的搭配使用。some用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。
例句：There was some juice in the glass.
There wasn’t any juice in the glass just now.
二十三、关于不定代词看作三单的考点
不定代词：不明确指示某个人或某个事物的代词。如：someone、something、everyone、everything、anything
例句：Someone is smoking there.
Everything goes well.
不定代词要看作三单形式
Is everybody here now
二十四、关于 a lot of 和 a lot
a lot of/ lots of 许多 其后必须加可数名词复数或不可数名词
a lot 许多 其后一定不能加名词
例句：He reads a lot of books about animals.
Billy eats a lot of sweets.
He read a lot about animals.
Billy eats a lot.
二十五、关于“在”某个节日的表达on+带有“Day/Eve”的节日（重点）at不带“Day/Eve”的节日
on Chinese New Year’s Day at Spring Festival
二十六、关于 too much和 too many too much 太多+不可数名词
例句：We shouldn’t use too much plastic.
To keep the air clean, we shouldn’t drive too much.
He eats too much, so he is too fat.
too many 太多＋名词复数
例句：We shouldn’t use too much plastic bags.
There are too many cars on the road.
注意：much 和 many 用法和上述知识点相同。
二十七、关于一般将来时态
一般将来时态：表示将要发生的一个动作或状态。
每由一股会有 next tomorrow/this evening/this weekend 等标志性时间状语
结构：1. 主语+be going to+动词原形
2. 主语+will+动词原形
例句：I am going to have a drink this evening. =| will have a drink this evening
He is going to make a cake tomorrow. = He will make a cake tomorrow.
Are they going to swim this Sunday = Will they swim this Sunday
二十八、关于现在进行时态
现在进行时态：表示正在进行或发生的一个动作。旬中一般有now、at the moment、look、listen、it’s+时间点等时间状语或单词。
结构：主语+be+动词现在分词（ing）
例句：It’s ten o’clock. They are having an English lesson.
Look! The birds are singing in the tree happily.
Don’t shout! My grandma is sleeping.
二十九、关于英语中的几个“说”
say：说+内容（单词、句子、某个物体）
speak：说+语言（英语、汉语）
talk：talk about sth/ talk to/with sb 和某人交淡
tell：讲述（故事、笑话、谎言）
例句：We should say “hi” when we meet our friends.
Can you speak English
They often talk about Christmas with their teacher.
My mother always tells stories for us.
They are talking about their plans for Chinese New Year’s Day.
三十、介词 for、from、to 在信件表达中的用法
for：意为“给”+信件的接收者
from：意为“来自”+信件或物品的发送者
to：意为“给、向”+信件的接收者，一般和write 连用
例句：This letter/book is for you.
I got a letter/present from my friend Mike.
He is writing a letter/an email to his grandma.
【巩固训练】
一、找出划线部分读音不同的选项。
1. A. fireworks B. thirsty C. birthday D. skirt
2. A. Chinese B. Christmas C. chair D. each
3. A. fashion B. waste C. gate D. radio
4. A. know B. show C. throw D. now
5. A. liked B. washed C. watched D. wanted
二、单项选择。
1. The old man walked _____ on the wet floor.
A. careful B. carefuly C. carefully
2. You can move factories _____ the dirty.
A. away of B. away from C. to from
3. The sun can give us lots of _____ .
A. energies B. energys C. energy
4. Listen! They’re talking about their _____ their mother’s birthday.
A. plans for B. plan of C. plan to
5. The king was a _____ man.
A. foolish B. small C. little
6. It is _____ . You should hold onto it.
A. wind B. windy C. winds
7. —Where did you _____ for the holiday —I went to a cinema and _____ a film.
A. went；watch B. go；watched C. went；watched
8. I have e-friends _____ all over the world.
A. from B. at C. in
9. “Keep off the grass” means we _____ walk on the grass.
A. can B. shouldn’t C. should
10. —Let’s _____ school now. —OK.
A. walk at B. walk to C. walk for
11. To keep _____ , you should eat _____ apples.
A. health；a little B. healthy；a few C. healthy；a lot
12. I walk very _____ , but her grandpa walks very _____ .
A. fast；slow B. fast；fast C. slowly；fast
13. The ball is _____ the hole. Sam brings some water and _____ it _____ the hole.
A. on；pours；in B. in；pours；in C. in；pours；into
14. Last weekend, I _____ to the park with my family. It _____ great fun.
A. went；was B. go；is C. went；is
15. Liu Tao has a good habit. He _____ goes to sleep early at night, so he _____ falls asleep in the class.
A. always；seldom B. never；seldom C. always；often
16. Her mother _____ very angry and said, “Do your homework _____ !”
A. was；careful B. is；carefully C. was；carefully
17. Lily was _____ , and she told us the news _____ .
A. excited；happily B. exciting；happily C. excitedly；happily
18. Tom, _____ eat too many sweets. It’s _____ for your teeth.
A. doesn’t；good B. don’t；bad C. don’t；badly
19. The children are _____ in reading _____ books.
A. interested；interesting B. interesting；interesting C. interesting；interested
20. —Can I help you — _____ .
A. No, you can’t. B. Yes, you can. C. I’d like two hamburgers.
三、英汉互译。
1. come from the city____________________ 2. 对眼睛有害______________________
3. make a poster________________________ 4. 大部分学生_______________________
5. on Earth________________________ 6. 浪费能源________________________
7. so much oil________________________ 8. 再利用水________________________
9. reuse some energy______________________ 10. 用木头做铅笔________________________
11. 买许多东西_______________________ 12. collect some bags_______________________
13. 在地球上________________________ 14. make an English poster____________________
15. 节约用水________________________ 16. save energy________________________
17. 在除夕________________________ 18. tell them about the project_____________________
19. 砍伐太多树___________________ 20. the most important holiday____________________
21. in the hole____________________ 22. 吵醒，叫醒_____________________
23. 释放，放开____________________ 24. 又大又强壮______________________
25. 从那时起_____________________ 26. a deep hole ______________________
27. pour…into__________________ 28. cheer for ________________________
29. sharp teeth__________________ 30. the next day _____________________
四、根据首字母提示补全句子。
1. The ant is very small, but it is s____________ . It can carry things.
2. Why did the man h____________ himself on the head with a bottle
3. Please speak l____________ . I can’t hear well.
4. Don’t worry. Your socks will be dry (干的) s____________ .
5. “I can go to the party now,” the girl said h____________ .
6. The lion is very l____________ , and he has s____________ teeth.
7. A s____________ wind is blowing. Heavy rain is falling.
8. My sister is ill. She looks w____________ . She should have a good rest.
9. Alice is crying so s____________ . What’s the matter
10. From then on, the lion and the mouse b____________ friends.
11. Some energy c____________ f____________ the sun.
12.The water is very useful and i____________ .
13. My father likes c____________ the animal stamps.
14. She wants to k____________ all his stories in China.
15. It’s too late. She s____________ on the banana skin and falls on the ground.
16. Shall we make a p____________ for the class outing
17. The frog t____________ into a prince after the girl kissed him.
18. Look! The bees are flying a____________ the big flower.
19. —Who’s the n____________ one to sing —It’s my turn.
20. People usually p____________ t____________ on the twelfth of March.
五、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He always ____________ (hit) the ball hard.
2. The boy was ____________. He laughed ____________. (excited)
3. The students are sweeping ____________. (careful)
4. My mother is very ____________. (beautifully)
5. A dog ____________ (bite) me and I had to see a doctor.
6. Be ____________ (quick), or you’ll be late.
7. Please speak ____________ (loud). I cannot hear clearly.
8. I’m really ____________ (well) at singing.
9. The children are playing ____________ (happy) over there.
10. The ball ____________ (get) out from the hole just now.
11. We should walk ____________ (quiet) in the hospital.
12. “Don’t play football in the street. ” The policeman shouted at the children ____________. (angry)
13. —What did the lion and the mouse ____________ (become) —They ____________ (become) friends.
14. Sam ____________ (have)an idea.
15. Sam ____________ (play)table tennis now.
16. He laughs ____________. He is a ____________ boy. (happy)
17. Please keep ____________. The dog is sleeping there ____________ . (quiet)
18. The boy is ____________. He is crying ____________ . (sad)
19. The man is answering the phone ____________. He has a ____________ voice. (loud)
20. The man laughed ____________ (loud).
六、根据中文提示完成句子。
1. 昨天我们去了汽车博物馆。我们看见了许多小汽车。
We _____________ to the _____________ ____________ yesterday. We _____________ many cars.
2. 老约翰以前听收音机获取新闻。
Old John _____________ _____________ the radio _____________ _____________ before.
3. 苏海的爷爷喜欢看报纸。
Su Hai’s grandpa likes _____________ _____________ .
4. 现在，我们可以随处给我们的朋友们打电话。
Now we can _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ .
5. 五年前，我不会溜冰，但是我会游泳。
I _____________ skate ____________ ____________ ____________ , but I ____________ ____________ .
6. 在周末，我们通常步行去超市购物，然后去看电影。
At weekends,we usually _____________ _____________ the supermarket to do _____________ , and then we go to the cinema.
7. 三年前，她不会写字和画画。
She couldn’t _____________ _____________ _____________ three _____________ _____________ .
8. 杨玲现在有一部电子书。
Yang Ling _____________ _____________ _____________ now.
9. —上个星期日杰克去看电影了吗 —没有。他在家看电视了。
— _____________ Jack _____________ to the cinema _____________ _____________
—No. He _____________ _____________ at home.
10. 她的姐姐喜欢在互联网上购物。
Her sister likes _____________ _____________ _____________ the _____________ .
11. 他经常在家用电话打电话给我。
He often _____________ the telephone at home to _____________ me.
12. —你们打算什么时候见面 —我们打算下午四点见面。
—What time _____________ you _____________ _____________ meet
—We ____________ ____________ ____________ meet ____________ four ____________ the afternoon.
13. 老鼠帮助狮子从网里出来了。
The _____________ _____________ the lion _____________ _____________ from the net.
14. 他很快弄来些水，并把它倒进了洞里。
He _____________ some water _____________ and _____________ it _____________ the hole.
15. 最后，李叔有了一个好办法。
At _____________ , Uncle Li _____________ a good _____________ .
16. 这只狮子很生气想要吃那只老鼠。
The lion was _____________ and _____________ to eat the mouse.
17. 海伦迅速地拿来了一把椅子。
Helen _____________ a chair _____________ .
七、情景交际，找出对应答语。
( )1. Where are you going A. We have three.
( )2. What are you doing B. Yes, I do.
( )3. How many apples do you have C. No, but I have a cute cat.
( )4. Do you like apples D. Yes, I did.
( )5. Do you have a dog E. Some milk.
( )6. Did you go to the Summer Palace F. The girl in red.
( )7. What did you do on Monday G. I’m going to the bookshop.
( )8. What’s in the bottle H. The brown dog’s.
( )9. Who is the lollipop for I. I’m making a fruit salad.
( )10. Whose tail is short J. I climbed the mountain with my classmates.
八、按要求完成句子。
1. How lovely the flowers are! (改为同义句)
_____________ _____________ _____________ they are!
2. It was cloudy yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ the weather
3. They went to Xi’an for the holiday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ for the holiday
4. I flew a kite last week. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ you _____________ a kite
5. We went to the Great Wall last Sunday. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ you _____________ last Sunday
6. Bobby made a sentence with “egg”. (改为同义句)
Bobby _____________ “egg” _____________ _____________ a sentence.
7. They are going to visit Mr Brown. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ they going _____________ _____________
8. There are a lot of signs on the tree. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ on the tree
9. Sam found Bobby’s wallet near the bin. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ wallet _____________ Sam _____________ near the bin
10. Jack didn’t do well in English three years ago. (改为同义句)
Jack _____________ _____________ _____________ English three years ago.
11. The girls are talking.They are excited.(合并为一句)
The girls _____________ _____________ _____________ .
12. The lion has big and sharp teeth. (改为同义句)
The _____________ _____________ _____________ big and sharp.
13. Little Tom goes to school early in the morning. (改为同义句)
Little Tom doesn’t _____________ to school _____________ in the morning.
14. Liu Tao is a good boy too. (改为同义句)
Liu Tao _____________ _____________ a good boy.
15. Nancy’s parents wake her up every morning. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ Nancy up every morning
九、阅读理解。
A. 阅读短文，判断正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。
A
When the rabbit first saw the tiger, he was frightened. He ran away and hid himself in the woods. The second time, however, he came near the tiger. He stopped at a safe distance (距离). Then he watched the tiger pass by. The third time, they came near each other. The rabbit went straight up to the tiger. He stayed the whole day with the tiger. He asked the tiger what his family was like and when they would meet again. They soon became good friends.
1. The rabbit hid himself in the woods when he saw the tiger for the first time.
2. The second time,the rabbit came near the tiger.
3. The rabbit stayed with the tiger, and they talked together for the second time.
4. The rabbit met the tiger twice in all.
5. At last, the tiger and the rabbit became friends.
B
There is a large and strong tiger in the forest. He looks for food because he is very hungry. Suddenly (突然), he sees a frog (青蛙) in front of him. “Haha! A frog! My dinner!” So he rushes (冲) at the frog. But there is a tortoise (乌龟) just behind the tiger. The little tortoise see it. He bites the tiger’s tail. “Ouch!” cries the tiger sadly and he looks back. The frog hears the voice and jumps into the water. “Thank you, Little Tortoise,” says the frog happily.
But the tiger is very angry. “I will throw you into the river.” “Oh!, no! I can’t swim. I’m not afraid of you. I bet (打赌) you will not throw me into the river!” Then the tiger throws the tortoise into the water angrily. “Thank you. Mr Tiger. Bye-bye.” The tortoise and the frog swim away together.
1. The tiger looks for water.
2. The tiger wants to eat the rabbit for dinner.
3. The frog jumps into the water.
4. The tiger throws the tortoise into the water at last.
5. The tiger is clever.
B. 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
A
One day, an old woman is walking in the street. She sees a little boy trying to reach the doorbell. But the boy is so short that he can’t reach the bell. The old woman is a kind woman, so she says to the little boy, “Let me help you.” Then she pushes the bell so hard that people can hear the bell. The little boy looks up at her and says, “Now let’s run away. Come on.” And then the old woman knows what is happening. The naughty boy runs away.
1. An old woman _____ in the street.
A. is taking a walk B. is riding a bike C. is playing with a child
2. The little boy _____ .
A. is playing in the street B. is trying to reach the doorbell C. is skating in the street
3. The boy is so _____ that he _____ .
A. fat；can’t run fast
B. kind；wants to help the old woman
C. short；can’t reach the bell
4. _____ pushes _____ doorbell
A. The old woman；the boy’s B. The boy；the old woman’s C. The old woman；the
5. The old woman is so _____ that she _____ .
A. happy；helps the boy B. kind；helps the boy C. naughty；pushes the doorbell
B
Long long ago, there lived a very clever man whose name was Aesop. One day he was taking a walk, when came across a traveller. The traveller stopped him and asked, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I’ll get to town ”
“Go. ” Aesop answered.
“I know I must go, ” said the traveller. “But I want to know how soon I’ll get to town. ”
“Go! ” Aesop said again angrily.
“This man must be mad. ” The traveller thought and went on.
After the traveller had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You’ll get to town in two hours. ”
The traveller was greatly surprised. He turned back and asked, “Why didn’t you tell me that before ”
“How could I have told you that before ” Aesop answered, “I didn’t know how fast you could walk. ”
1. One day Aesop _____ a traveller while he was walking.
A. helped B. found C. met
2. The traveller asked Aesop _____ .
A. to show him the way to town
B. how long it would take him to get to town
C. to go to town with him
3. When did Aesop give the traveller the answer
A. After the traveller got to town.
B. After the traveller had walked some distance.
C. When he wasn’t angry.
4. The traveller thought Aesop was _____ at first.
A. crazy B. foolish C. clever
5. From the story we know Aesop was _____ .
A. clever B. kind C. stupid

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