资源简介

(共87张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
内容
索引
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
学·语言要点知识
用·中频词汇句式
03.晚练(二)
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
练·课堂5分钟夯基
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 框架宏观建构：整体理解
1.What's the main idea of the text
A．Only scientists want to learn the secret of space.
B．China ranks the first in exploring space.
C．The text is about the development of space exploration.
D．People are prevented from exploring space because of disasters.
C
2．Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1.____　A.What people achieved in the past years.
Para.2.____ B．Why people don't stop exploring space despite risks.
Para.3.____ C．The future exploration in space.
Para.4.____ D．Human beings always want to explore space.
Para.5.____ E.The achievements which China
has made.
D
A
B
E
C
[指津]　不同的体裁如何归纳主旨大意？
1．记叙文：找出全文的主要事件是什么，通过事件看作者要表明什么思想感情；也可以从分析人物入手，找出人物的性格思想特点，看作者要表明什么样的思想感情。
2．说明文：从说明的对象、被说明的事物的特点及说明的目的入手。
3．议论文：从标题、中心论点入手。
Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text on Pages 40～41 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What do we know about Neil Armstrong
A．He was from the USSR.
B．He was the first person to travel into space.
C．He was in charge of launching the satellites.
D．He was the first person to walk on the moon.
D
2．What is the function of the International Space Station
A．Telling us the huge risks of space exploration.
B．Having astronauts from different countries on board.
C．Letting us believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
D．Welcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it.
B
3．What can we infer from Para.4
A．Shenzhou 5 completed the first Chinese spacewalk.
B．China sent Jade Rabbit to explore Mars.
C．In 2021, the Mengtian module was launched.
D．China has made great achievements in exploring space.
D
4．How does the author support the theme of the text
A．By giving examples.
B．By stating arguments.
C．By explaining statistical data.
D．By providing research results.
A
Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood．
①However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.
②However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the benefits of the space exploration.
Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
Task 4 辨难句拆分解：阅读清障
1.However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.
[句式分析]
[自主翻译]　
然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，(人类)探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。
2．Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.
[句式分析]
[自主翻译]　
之后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
学·语言要点知识
1)determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的)
(1)be determined to do sth. 决心做某事（表示状态）
(2)determine vt. 查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth. 决定做某事（表示动作）
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定（做）某事
(3)determination n. 决心；决定
[练透]　单句语法填空
①He made up his mind to study abroad, so he was buried in books, 　　　　 。(determine) to improve his English.
②With 　　　　　　 (determine) and the right approach, nothing was too big or overwhelming to overcome. [2024·浙江1月卷读后续写]
determined
determination
[写美]　一句多译
我对老师报以感激的微笑，决心比以前更加努力地练习写作。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]
③I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (determined adj.)
④I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (determine v．)
⑤I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (determine v．)
[名师指津]　在作状语时， 常用determined表示状态。
was determined to practise writing even harder than before
etermined to practise writing even harder than before
determined on/upon practising writing even harder than before
2)disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的
(1)be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人失望
be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望
(2)disappoint vt. 使失望
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
(3)disappointment n. 失望
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Only a few people were in support of his plan, which made him very 　　　　　　　 。(disappoint).
②　　　　　　 (disappoint) and helpless, Jane knelt down, tears of regret streaming down her cheeks. （读后续写之心理描写）
③What 　　　　　　 (disappoint) me was that my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned.
disappointed
Disappointed
disappointed
[写美]　完成句子
④艾迪慢慢地把自行车推到终点线。他的眼睛里充满了失望的泪水。（读后续写之神态描写）
Slowly, Eddie pushed his bike to the finish line. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
[一言辨异]　To my disappointment, I was disappointed to find I failed the exam and the disappointing result disappointed my parents as well.
令我失望的是，我失望地发现我没有通过考试，令人失望的结果也让我的父母失望。
Tears of disappointment filled his eyes
3)desire n.渴望；欲望　vt.渴望；期望
(2)desire (sb.) to do sth.　　想要（某人）做某事
desire that...(should) do... 渴望……
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Everyone has a desire 　　　　 success while success only belongs to the hard working people.
②Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings, I desire you 　　　　 。(offer) me some suggestions. （应用文之求助信）
③What's more, I desired 　　　　 (thank) her face to face and make close friends with her in the coming days.
for
to offer
to thank
[写美]　完成句子
④我希望你能采纳我关于如何把学生配对上英语口语培训班的建议。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作]
It is desired that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 on how to pair up students for the oral English training class.
[指津]　desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
you (should) adopt my tips/advice/suggestions
4)carry on继续做，坚持干
(1)carry on with sth. 继续做某事
carry on doing sth. 继续做某事
(2)carry out 贯彻；执行；实施
carry sb. through 帮助某人渡过难关
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Nervous and anxious, Norwood struggled to calm himself down and carried 　　　　 first aid to Simmons. （读后续写之动作描写）
②From the learning experience, I fully understand that determination, bravery and hard work 　　　　 carry me 　　　　 tough times. [2023·全国乙卷书面表达]
out
can
through
[写美]　一句多译
在爸爸的指导下，双胞胎继续做母亲节早餐。
③With the father's guidance, the twins 　　　　　　　　 the Mother's Day breakfast.
④With the father's guidance, the twins 　　　　　　　　 the Mother's Day breakfast.
[指津]　“动词＋介词on”构成的动词短语：
call on号召；拜访　　depend on 依靠 　　concentrate on固定；集中于　　take on呈现；承担
carried on with
carried on cooking
5)signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号　n．信号；标志
(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that 示意……
signal sth. to sb. 向某人示意……
(2)traffic signals 交通信号灯
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, 　　　　 。(signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
②She sat on the back seat still, watching the square through a mist of tears for a moment, and then signaled me 　　　　 (move) on. （读后续写之动作描写）
signalling
to move
[写美]　完成句子
③我看着大卫和其他跑步者一起向起跑线走去。大卫随着起跑信号开始跑步。（读后续写之动作描写）
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David began his running 　　　　　　　　　　　　．
[图形助记]　
with the starting signal
用·中频词汇句式
核心词汇诠释
1)launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
launch an activity　　　发起一项活动
launch a satellite 发射一颗卫星
[练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The campaign 　　　　 (launch) by our school aims to help the people in need.
②政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。
The government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to raise people's awareness of paying attention to our traditional cultures.
launched
launched an activity
2)independently adv.独立地；自立地
(1)independent adj. 独立的；自立的
be independent from 独立于……之外
(2)independence n. 独立
gain independence from 脱离……获得独立
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Instead of helping them from the very beginning, parents should leave their children to think 　　　　　　 (independent) about how to deal with the problems they encounter.
②To gain 　　　　　　 (independent) from my parents, I would earn a living on my own.
independently
independence
3)in the hope of doing sth.抱着……的希望
(1)in the hope that... 希望……
(2)hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hope that... 希望……
[练透]　一句多译
我坚持写日志，希望能够提高我的书面英语。
①I keep writing journals 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②I keep writing journals 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
in the hope of improving my written English
in the hope that I can improve my written English
4)so as to (do sth.)为了；以便
in order to　　　　　为了
so that＝in order that 以便
[练透]　一句多译
为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日组织了一次5公里越野跑比赛。
① 　　　　　　　　　　　　， our school organised a 5 km cross country running race last Sunday.
②Our school organised a 5 km cross country running race last Sunday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
③Our school organised a 5 km cross country running race last Sunday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
In order to enrich our campus lives
in order to/so as to enrich our campus lives
so that/in order that we could enrich our campus lives
5)on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上；在火车上
go on board　　　上船；上火车；上飞机
go/get aboard (the ship/plane/train) 上（船/飞机/火车）
[练透]　一句多译
六个月前，谢磊告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的飞机。
①Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and 　　　　　　　　　 .for London.
②Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and 　　　　　　　　　　　 . for London.
went on board a plane
went aboard a plane
经典句式解构
1)句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语
【教材原句】　Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space．
之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
动词不定式作后置定语有以下三种情况：
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时；
(2)当中心词被形容词最高级， the next, the only等修饰时；
(3)位于抽象名词ability, chance, anxiety, attempt等词之后。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①In 1931, Addams became the first American woman 　　　　　　.　　　 (award) the Nobel Peace Prize.
②Learning that you have achieved your ambition 　　　　 (become) an astronaut, I am writing to send my congratulations to you. （应用文之祝贺信）
③He was the only student 　　　　 (finish) this project ahead of time in this class.
to be awarded
to become
to finish
[写美]　完成句子
④首先，我是我们班第一个在国外学习的学生，因此我有能力用英语流利地和其他人交流。我深信我是担任这个职位的最合适的人选。（应用文之申请信）
Firstly, I am the first student in my class 　　　　　　　　， so I have the ability 　　　　　　　　　　　　 freely in English. I am convinced that I am the most suitable person 　　　　　　　　　　　　．
to study abroad
to communicate with others
for the position
2)句型公式：because引导表语从句)
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为尽管风险巨大，人类还是坚信太空探索极为重要。
This/That is because... 这/那是因为……
This/That is why... 这/那就是……的原因
The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
[写美]　一句多译
我不去那里的原因是我正在准备即将到来的国庆节表演。
①The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I am preparing performances for the coming National Day.
②I won't go there, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I am preparing performances for the coming National Day.
③I am preparing performances for the coming National Day, that's 　　　　　　　　　　　　．
why I won't go there is that
that's because
why I won't go there
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living 　　　　　　.　　　 （自立地）and teaching in a village. （读后续写之心理描写）
2．To ensure our safety, we should obey traffic 　　　　 （信号） and rules.
3．This time I would not hide my 　　　　 （渴望） any more. Determined to follow my heart, I explained to my father how I felt.
independently
signals
desire
4．We have l　　　　 a series of campaigns so as to raise people's awareness of taking exercise.
5．They are hoping to learn more about how the 　　　　 （宇宙） came into being.
launched
universe
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．Her bravery has given him the will to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .（继续生活） and his work.
2．A ship was leaving the harbor and we saw the people 　　　　　　　　　　 . （在船上） waving.
3．He was studying 　　　　　　　　　　 （抱着……的希望） being admitted to Tsinghua University.
carry on with his life
on board
in the hope of
4．In closing, I 　　　　　　　　　　 （成功） earning my colleagues' respect.
5．Only when you 　　　　　　　　　　　　 （关注） your learning can you make a great deal of progress.
succeeded in
focus on
03.晚练(二)
?维度1 单词拼写（每空2.5分，满分20分）
1．Neil Armstrong was the first 　　　　 （宇航员） to walk on the moon.
2．Taking exercise is important for improving physical health. Besides, it also plays a very important role in improving 　　　　 （精神的） health.
3．The expert said the chosen birds are considered to be particularly 　　　　 。（聪明的）.
astronaut
mental
intelligent
4．As a 　　　　 （火箭）gets farther into space，the Earth's atmosphere is left behind.
5．The possibility that there is life on other planets in the 　　　　 。（宇宙）has always inspired scientists to explore outer space.
6．The 　　　　 （意志坚定的） expression on his face suggested that he wouldn't give in.
7．The latest 　　　　 （数据） put forward by the states suggested that the business was improving.
8．Yuan Longping made such a great contribution to m　　　　that he is respected and admired by people all over the world.
rocket
universe
determined
data
mankind
?维度2 单句语法填空（每空2.5分，满分20分）
1．I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong 　　　　　　 (determine). （读后续写之心理描写）
2．The Shenzhou 17 spacecraft 　　　　　　　 (launch) successfully into space on 26th October, 2023.
3．To start school too early is harmful for children both 　　　　 。(mental) and physically.
4．These disasters made everyone sad and 　　　　　　　 (disappoint), but the desire to explore the universe never died.
determination
was launched
mentally
disappointed
5．As the train was pulling out, the boy waved his hands to his parents 　　　　 。board, with tears rolling down his cheeks.
6．She was the first woman astronaut 　　　　 (give) a video lecture in space while orbiting in the capsule.
7．　　　　　　 (determine) to give his mother a surprise, Tom arrived home ahead of time.
8．Although she had some health problems, she carried on 　　　　 。(work) hard late into the night.
on
to give
Determined
working
?维度3 完成句子（每空5分，满分20分）
1．大卫因疾病致残。那就是为什么他不像其他孩子那样正常行走的原因。
David was disabled because of his disease. 　　　　　 he didn't walk normally like other children.
2．不仅美丽的微笑能让我们自己感到快乐，还能让别人感到愉悦。（读后续写之升华句） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，but it can also enable others to feel pleased. （倒装句）
That was why
Not only can a beautiful smile make ourselves delighted
3．受到老师话语的鼓舞，那个男孩回到了座位上，决心更加努力学习。
Encouraged by what the teacher said, the boy returned to his seat, 　　　　　　　　　　．
4．我们的老师要求我们每天锻炼一个小时，以便保持健康。
Our teacher demands that we should exercise for an hour every day 　　　　　　　　　　　　．
determined to study harder
so as to/in order to keep healthy
?维度4 课文语法填空（每空1.5分，满分15分）
Thanks to the ongoing effort of 1.　　　　 (determine) scientists, the dream of travelling into space in the hope of 2.　　　　 (find) out more about the universe has come true. However, 3.　　　　 (explore) space is both dangerous and challenging. One of the most dangerous parts of space exploration is helping people escape Earth's gravity. If there is a mistake during the launch or return, it can lead to an accident 4.　　　　 kills everyone 5.　　　　 board.
determined
finding
exploring
that/which
on
In spite of the huge risks, people will always continue 6.　　　　 。(explore) this final frontier. Though starting late, China 7.　　　　 (make) great progress in a short time and become the third country to 8.　　　　　　 .(independence) send humans into space.In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module 9.　　　　 (signal) the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly 10.　　　　 。(further) our understanding of the universe.
to explore
has made
independently
signalled
furthering
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）
　体裁：记叙文　主题语境：陨石奇缘　难度：★★★☆☆
From a very young age, my fascination with space was excited by my dad, an amateur （业余的） astronomer. I remember being woken up in the middle of the night and taken to the yard to look at the Moon and Jupiter through his telescope. My childhood was filled with a love for space, and my parents wholeheartedly encouraged my growing interest in space science.
I first saw meteorites （陨石） at the Geological Museum in London. My mother often took me to the museum after school. The moment that left a lasting mark on me was in a small, dark corner where giant meteorites stood. At first, I thought they were models due to their size, but they were real rocks from outer space, awakening a lifelong fascination.
In my early 30s, I decided it was time to realize my dream of having a meteorite. I walked into the desert （沙漠） and to my surprise, I found a meteorite on my first journey. Then I met Steve Arnold, my future co-host on “Meteorite Men”.
Steve, already an experienced meteorite hunter, contacted me after a global online search for individuals interested in meteorites. We formed a partnership, carrying on many explorations across the United States, Europe, and even Siberia in search of meteorites.
In 1997, Steve and I were approached by a California production company. They helped us produce“Meteorite Men”， a show that showcased our adventures looking for these treasures. “Meteorite Men” soon became a global phenomenon, reaching millions of viewers and inspiring new meteorite discoveries.
As a meteorite lover, my journey continues. While there are places I dream of exploring, such as Antarctica and Greenland, constraints （限制） like expense and danger sometimes limit the realization of these dreams. However, my dedication （献身） to the world of meteorites remains unchanged.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己与陨石之间的故事。
1．Which of the following best describes the author's parents？(　　)
A．Traditional. B．Strict.
C．Knowledgeable. D．Supportive.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“my fascination with space was excited by my dad”、“my parents wholeheartedly...space science”和第二段中的“My mother often took me to the museum after school.”可知，作者的父母非常支持作者对太空的爱好，因此Supportive（支持的；鼓励的）最能形容作者的父母。
2．In what way was the Geological Museum important to the author？(　　)
A．It influenced his school choice.
B．It changed his attitude toward life.
C．It excited his interest in meteorites.
D．It brought back his happy moments with his mother.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I first saw meteorites at the Geological Museum in London.”和“The moment that left a lasting mark on me was in a small, dark corner where giant meteorites stood.”以及“awakening a lifelong fascination”可知，作者在Geological Museum第一次看到陨石，从此与陨石结下不解之缘。
3．How did the California company help the author？(　　)
A．By assisting in the creation of his show.
B．By donating exploration equipment.
C．By funding his desert adventures.
D．By inviting him to Greenland.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They helped us produce ‘Meteorite Men’， a show that showcased our adventures looking for these treasures.”可知，这家公司帮助作者制作了“Meteorite Men”节目。
4．In writing the text, the author intends to 　　　　．(　　)
A．introduce the popular “Meteorite Men”
B．express his lifelong love for meteorites
C．thank his parents for their upbringing
D．remember a like-minded good friend
答案：B
解析：写作意图题。阅读全文可知，受父亲的影响，作者童年时期对太空非常着迷，在博物馆的参观进一步激发了他对陨石的兴趣。之后他走进沙漠，开启了寻找陨石的探险之路。后来，作者结识了Steve Arnold，两人合作在全球范围内寻找陨石。为了分享对陨石的热爱、记录寻找陨石之旅，在一家公司的帮助下，作者和Steve制作了“Meteorite Men”节目，引发全球轰动。由此可知，作者通过这篇文章表达了自己对陨石的终生热爱。
Ⅱ.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
体裁：记叙文　主题语境：生活感悟 　难度：★★★☆☆
[2024·山东青岛高一下学期期末]My family moved into our home nine years ago. We live on a corner, and the entire side of the yard is enclosed by a 　1　 built rock wall. The front of the house though is another 　2　 because instead of a wall along the sidewalk, the rocks appear to be just 　3　 up onto the dirt.
We did the best we could and called this area our “rock garden”. Whenever we had leftover flowers or plants, I would 　4　 them out front, just to bring some 　5　 to the area.
Last summer I reached the end of the rock garden and found a tiny little plant that I could not immediately 　6　， we didn't plant it. We decided to let it 　7　 growing until we could 　8　 what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 　9　 plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. It was skinny. I decided to 　10　 it along and weed around it. As I pulled rocks to get to the weeds, I noticed something 　11　. The sunflower had not started where I saw it 　12　. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to 　13　 the sun.
That's when I realized that we should stand tall like the sunflower and the environment will begin to 　14　 us. We will find a way to go under or around our big 　15　 in order to reach our desires.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者从一株从石头底下生长出的向日葵，领悟到我们应该像向日葵一样站得高高的，环境才会开始支持我们。为了达到我们的愿望，我们要找到一种方法来解决或绕过我们的大问题。
1．(　　)
A.professionally B．randomly
C．simply D．terribly
答案：A
解析：句意：我们住在一个角落里，院子的整侧都由一堵专业建造的石墙围起来。 此处与后文提到的房子前面建造粗糙的围墙形成对比，院子的侧部是由一堵专业建造的石墙围起来的。故选A。
2．(　　)
A.wall B．story
C．side D．yard
答案：B
解析：句意：但是房子的前面则是另一回事了，因为沿着人行道的不是一堵墙，石头看起来只是扔在泥土上。 根据后文提到房子前面的围墙像是石头扔在泥土上建起来的，由此可知，前面的情况完全不同，another story表示“另一回事”。故选B。
3．(　　)
A.built B．used
C．thrown D．made
答案：C
解析：句意：但是房子的前面则是另一回事了，因为沿着人行道的不是一堵墙，石头看起来只是扔在泥土上。根据后文“up onto the dirt”指前面的围墙看起来像是石头扔在泥土上建造起来，比喻围墙建造得很粗糙。故选C。
4．(　　)
A.select B．cut
C．stick D．pick
答案：C
解析：句意：每当我们有剩下的花或植物，我会把它们放在前面，只是为了给这个地区带来一些颜色。 根据后文“them out front”指把花和植物放在围墙前面，来给这个地区带来一些颜色。stick out“伸出”。故选C。
5．(　　)
A.dirt B．color
C．flowers D．plants
答案：B
解析：结合上文“We did the best we could and called this area our ‘rock garden’. Whenever we had leftover flowers or plants”可知，这一部分围墙被称为“岩石花园”，所以作者想要用花或植物给这部分区域带来些颜色。故选B。
6．(　　)
A.clarify B．identify
C．account D．observe
答案：B
解析：句意：去年夏天，我走到岩石花园的尽头，发现了一株我不能马上认出来的小植物，我们没有种它。根据后文“we didn't plant it”可知，因为没有种过这种植物，所以认不出来到底是什么。故选B。
7．(　　)
A.continue B．avoid
C．escape D．start
答案：A
解析：句意：我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们弄清楚它是什么。 根据后文 “it appeared to be a sunflower”可知，作者让这株植物继续生长了。故选A。
8．(　　)
A.take down B．come across
C．refer to D．figure out
答案：D
解析：后文“what it was”中it指的是这株植物，所以是弄清楚(figure out) 这株植物到底是什么。故选D。
9．(　　)
A.charming B．wonderful
C．ugly D．mysterious
答案：D
解析：句意：几个星期过去了，当我回到那株神秘的植物时，它看起来像是一株向日葵。此处呼应上文作者认不出这种植物是什么，所以它显得很神秘。故选D。
10．(　　)
A.dream B．wait
C．baby D．explore
答案：C
解析：句意：我决定好好照顾它，在它周围除草。 根据后文“weed around it”可知，作者给它除草，再仔细照顾它。故选C。
11．(　　)
A.unusual B．important
C．common D．disturbing
答案：A
解析：句意：当我拔除杂草时，我注意到一些不寻常的事情。 根据后文“It actually had begun under a big rock”可知，作者发现向日葵实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，即注意到了“不寻常的”事情。故选A。
12．(　　)
A.begin B．stop
C．shoot D．expand
答案：A
解析：句意：向日葵并不是从我看到的地方开始生长的。 呼应后文“It actually had begun under a big rock”指发现向日葵开始生长的地方。故选A。
13．(　　)
A.shade B．stand
C．steal D．reach
答案：D
解析：句意：它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，生长在石头下面和周围，以接触到太阳光。 根据后文“the sun”可知，向日葵这么生长是为了多接触到太阳光，好让自己生长。后文“in order to reach our desires”也是提示。故选D。
14．(　　)
A.shelter B．choose
C．warn D．support
答案：D
解析：句意：就在那时，我意识到，我们应该像向日葵一样站得高高的，环境才会开始支持我们。根据上文可知，向日葵为了获得太阳光，绕着石头生长，最终才让作者发现了它，并照顾它，可见要站得高高的，目光要长远，才能获得环境的支持。故选D。
15．(　　)
A.failures B．advantages
C．problems D．situations
答案：C
解析：句意：为了达到我们的愿望，我们会找到一种方法来解决或绕过我们的大问题。 根据后文“in order to reach our desires”可知，想要达成我们的愿望，我们就要像向日葵一样，找到方法来解决或绕过我们在生活中的大问题。故选C。(共123张PPT)
单元素养评价（四）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(Text 1)
M：Can I help you
W：Yes, I can't sleep well.
M：How can I help you
W：Can you give me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep
1．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers？(　　)
A．Teacher and student. B．Doctor and patient.
C．Husband and wife.
√
(Text 2)
M：Excuse me, I'd like to have a word with Tom.
W：Sorry, he isn't here. He's gone to the library.
M：Oh, I'll leave him a message then.
2．Where is Tom probably now？(　　)
A．In the school. B．In the office.
C．In the library.
√
(Text 3)
W：Carl sent me a postcard yesterday.
M：I've got one from Tim but not from Carl.
W：Oh，really I haven't heard from Tim many months.
3．Who sent the man a postcard？(　　)
A．Carl. B．Tim.
C．The woman.
√
(Text 4)
M：Did you remember to post the letter
W：Well，I remember walking past the street.
M：But you forgot to post the letter.
W：I'm afraid so. I didn't remember you telling me to post the letter.
4．What did the woman forget to do？(　　)
A．To write a letter. B．To post a letter.
C．To walk past the post office.
√
(Text 5)
M：I'm going to change my mind to go swimming with you.
W：That's wonderful.
M：When shall we go
W：Half past two this afternoon.
5．What is the man going to do？(　　)
A．To go swimming. B．To go skating.
C．To change his mind.
√
(Text 6)
M：Is it true that fast food restaurants are very popular in the USA
W：Yes, especially in big cities.
M：Why
W：Because the food is good，the service is fast and the prices are low.
M：Oh, that's good.Then which restaurant is most well－known
W：McDonald's. By 1982, there were 7，063 McDonald's in the world, and about 1，283 of them were in other countries, such as Japan, West Germany，England and Australia.
M：I see. How about the service and the food
W：Well, the employees there are helpful and polite, and the tables and floors are very clean. Most important, people can get the same food at any McDonald's in any state of the country. The food, of course, is quite good. French fries, the hamburgers, the sandwiches—are all specially prepared. Workers buy their lunches there because they taste better than their lunches from home.
M：Who is the owner of McDonald's
W：It was first owned by two brothers，Richard and Maurice McDonald. Then, in 1960, Ray Kroc, a 56－year－old salesman, bought the name and most of their restaurants for $ 2.7 million，and now he is the owner.
6．What are the man and the woman talking about？(　　)
A．Eating in a restaurant.
B．A small restaurant.
C．The history of a company.
√
7．How many McDonald's were there in the world in 1982？(　　)
A．7，063. B．7，603.
C．1，283.
√
8．Why do workers buy lunches in McDonald's？(　　)
A．The employees there are helpful and polite.
B．The food tastes better than their lunches from home.
C．The tables and floors are clean.
√
(Text 7)
W：What are you doing，Tom
M：I'm writing to my mother.
W：But you wrote her only yesterday.
M：Yes，but I have something new to tell her.
W：Something new
M：Yes. I am telling her I've decided to take up a part－time job as a shop assistant.
W：What do you mean You've been working as one for nearly three months. Have you been fired by Rogers
M：No. My mother doesn't know I have a part－time job.
W：You mean, you didn't tell her before
M：No.
W：But why are you telling her now
M：Now I don't want her to worry about my life here. You see, I told her that I'd just bought a car in my last letter.
9．What does Rogers mean in this conversation？(　　)
A．Tom's friends. B．Tom's teachers.
C．The name of a shop.
√
10．What does Tom tell his mother in yesterday's letter？(　　)
A．He had found a job.
B．He had lost his new job.
C．He had just bought a car.
√
11．Why didn't Tom tell his mother about his job？(　　)
A．Because he didn't want her to worry about his job.
B．Because he didn't want her to worry about his life.
C．Because he didn't want her to worry about his study.
√
(Text 8)
M：It's almost vacation time. Have you found a summer job yet
W：No，I don't think I will work at the boy's camp where I worked last summer. Camp jobs don't pay much.
M：I think I can find a job at the Hollywood Hotel. A friend of mine was a waiter last summer. The pay wasn't good, but the tips were.
W：My sister worked there last summer, making beds and cleaning bathrooms. She didn't like it but she earned a lot of money.
M：That sounds really good.
W：Yes. And I want a job outside. After sitting in college classes all winter, I'd like a job in the open air.
M：The high school kids earn a lot of money every summer cutting grass. My brother is only fourteen, but he gets five dollars every time he cuts the grass, and it only takes him an hour. He just rides around on the machine that he bought, and the machine does all the work.
W：That's pretty good. I used to cut grass when I was in high school. But now I think I might work for a road－building company, or do something like that.
M：It could be a good experience. And you could earn a lot, too.
12．Why has the woman decided not to work at the boy's camp？(　　)
A．She hasn't worked there before.
B．She knows little about the camp.
C．She wants to be better paid.
√
13．Who once worked at the Hollywood Hotel？(　　)
A．A friend of the man's.
B．The man's sister.
C．The man himself.
√
14．What kind of job would the woman like to do？(　　)
A．A job in a school.
B．A job in the open air.
C．A job at the hotel.
√
(Text 9)
W：Hello，Apple Tree Restaurant. Can I help you
M：Yes. I'd like to book a table for tonight.
W：Yes, sir. What time
M：Eight o'clock.
W：Certainly. For how many people
M：There are ten of us.
W：Ten of you! But we don't usually accept large parties，sir.
M：I know, but we are regular customers.
W：What's your name, please
M：Michael Peterson.
W：Mr. Peterson... of course! That'll be all right. We'll put two tables together.
M：Thanks.
W：What food would you prefer today, sir We have fresh seafood tonight.
M：No. We like to eat vegetables.
15．Where does the conversation take place？(　　)
A．At a seafood restaurant.
B．In a dining hall.
C．On the phone.
√
16．What do we know about the restaurant？(　　)
A．It is famous for seafood.
B．It seldom accepts large parties.
C．Famous people often come to it.
√
17．What can we know from the conversation？(　　)
A．The restaurant is near the sea.
B．Seafood is very popular nowadays.
C．Regular customers have advantages there.
√
(Text 10)
Few people would even think of beginning a new job at the age of 76, but one of America's most famous artists did just that. Anna Mary Robertson, better known as “Grandma Moses”， turned to painting because she was too old to work on her farm.
Grandma Moses painted carefully and her works were nice. She first painted only to enjoy herself，and then began to sell her works for a little money. In 1939，a collector，Louis Caldor happened to see several of Grandma Moses' works hanging in a shop. He liked them, bought them at once, and set out to look for more. Caldor held a show to introduce the works of Grandma Moses to other artists.
Grandma Moses died on December 13th, 1961, at the age of 101. She was world－famous.
18．When did Grandma Moses turn to painting？(　　)
A．At the age of 76.
B．At the age of 39.
C．At the age of 101.
√
19．What did Grandma Moses do before she became an artist？(　　)
A．She sold other artists' works in a shop.
B．She worked on her farm.
C．She taught at a school.
√
20．What is the story mainly about？(　　)
A．A famous American artist.
B．Making money from painting.
C．Collecting paintings.
√
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
One of the most beautiful sites you can encounter on vacation is in the night sky where you can see the Milky way, planets, and shooting stars. Here is a collection of four best places to visit for an amazing stargazing （观星） vacation in the US.
Voyageurs National Park
The water-based national park is a great place to explore unique lakes. What's more, there are hundreds of picturesque landscapes to visit. Make sure to refer to NASA's sky calendar before your vacation so you can increase your chances of catching sight of the Northern Lights.
Big Bend National Park
Besides beautiful nights, Big Bend offers a variety of different activities including camping, hiking, as well as training programs for kids. During the day you can go boating or hike the trails （小径） but spend your evenings viewing the starry skies.
Grand Canyon National Park
Grand Canyon National Park is a must-see spot, with the area featuring plenty of campgrounds. There is so little light pollution that the park is one of the best spots for you to stargaze. Enjoy yourself hiking, sightseeing by day, but save your evenings to watch nature's greatest show.
Redwood National Park
Located near the coast of California, Redwood National Park is a nature lover's dream vacation. You can see the largest trees in America that are preserved in the national park. Enjoy your evenings for stargazing in this less light pollution national park.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国四个最佳的观星度假地点，包括各自的特点和活动建议。
21．What is the aim of checking out NASA's sky calendar in Voyageurs National Park？(　　)
A．To view the Northern Lights.
B．To research the starry skies.
C．To join in water sports.
D．To discover the unique lakes.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Voyageurs National Park下的“Make sure to refer to NASA's sky calendar before your vacation so you can increase your chances of catching sight of the Northern Lights. （在你度假前一定要参考美国宇航局的天空日历，这样你就可以增加看到北极光的机会。）”可知，在Voyageurs National Park查看NASA的天空日历的目的是观赏北极光。故选A。
22．Which park is highly recommended to children？(　　)
A．Voyageurs National Park.
B．Big Bend National Park.
C．Grand Canyon National Park.
D．Redwood National Park.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Big Bend National Park下的“Besides beautiful nights, Big Bend offers a variety of different activities including camping, hiking, as well as training programs for kids. （除了美丽的夜晚，Big Bend还提供各种不同的活动，包括露营，徒步旅行，以及为孩子们提供培训计划。）”可知，孩子们强烈推荐Big Bend National Park。故选B。
23．What do Grand Canyon National Park and Redwood National Park have in common？(　　)
A．They hold great nature shows.
B．They have low light pollution.
C．They are famous for camping.
D．They offer social activities.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Grand Canyon National Park下的“There is so little light pollution that the park is one of the best spots for you to stargaze.”以及Redwood National Park下的“Enjoy your evenings for stargazing in this less light pollution national park.”可知，Grand Canyon National Park和Redwood National Park的共同之处是光污染很低。故选B。
B
Born with hearing loss, Emily Jensen faced difficulties while pursuing （追求） a career she truly felt passionate about. As others doubted her abilities, all she hoped for was a chance to unlock her true potential （潜能） and feel a sense of belonging in the workplace. Jensen's chance finally materialized when Cornell offered her an opportunity she had been seeking for nearly a decade.
Jensen first applied to the university for a job opening as a human resources (HR) assistant at the Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations (ILR) . Although she didn't make it to the final round of interviews, a worker approached Jensen and suggested she connect with Larry, the head for human resources at the ILR School.
“They saw something in me，” Jensen said. “So, I met with Larry and his team. They were looking to develop their department and decided to bring me on board as an HR assistant.”
When Jensen first came on board at ILR, she needed special technology for her computer. Because of her hearing loss, additional equipment, such as a soundbar, is necessary to hear. “My team provided this from day one，” Jensen said. “It feels really good to be able to come into an environment that was already set up for my success from the very beginning.”
For many, disclosing a disability is not an easy thing to do, especially in the workplace. Fortunately, the ILR School and Jensen's new HR team have created an environment where she not only feels comfortable doing so but is also valued for the role she plays.
“It's a testament （证明） to my team and Larry, who is my biggest cheerleader，” Jensen said. “It was he who brought me on and saw what I was capable of, which led me to develop so much trust in myself.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jensen 因先天性听觉障碍，在找工作过程中四处碰壁，康奈尔大学劳动关系学院人力资源负责人 Larry 却录用了她，并给予其无微不至的关怀。这个机会改变了 Jensen 的生活，帮她实现自我价值。
24．What can we know about Jensen？(　　)
A．She failed to attend college.
B．She used to study at Cornell.
C．She topped other interviewees.
D．She had trouble finding a job.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Born with hearing loss, Emily Jensen faced difficulties while pursuing （追求） a career she truly felt passionate about.” 可知，Jensen在找工作上遇到了困难。故选D。
25．What impression did the ILR School give Jensen on the first workday？(　　)
A．Coldness. B．Warmth.
C．Loneliness. D．Humour.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“‘My team provided this from day one，’ Jensen said. ‘It feels really good to be able to come into an environment that was already set up for my success from the very beginning.’” 可知，ILR学校在Jensen的第一天工作就给她提供了她需要的设备，让她感到温暖。故选B。
26．What did Jensen want to say in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．She is grateful to Larry.
B．She is a good cheerleader.
C．She will build a positive culture.
D．She saw her team make progress.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘It's a testament （证明） to my team and Larry, who is my biggest cheerleader，’ Jensen said. ‘It was he who brought me on and saw what I was capable of, which led me to develop so much trust in myself.’”可知，Jensen想要表达的是她对Larry的感激。故选A。
27．Which is the most suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．The Impressive Achievement
B．The Road to a Successful Life
C．The Chance that Changed It All
D．The Offer that Saved a Professor
答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知， Jensen 因先天性听觉障碍，在找工作过程中四处碰壁，康奈尔大学劳动关系学院人力资源负责人 Larry 却录用了她，并给予其无微不至的关怀。这个机会改变了 Jensen 的生活，帮她实现自我价值。所以短文的最佳标题为“改变一切的机会”切题。故选C。
C
Some of the world's most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day. Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to survive. “Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies （殖民地）， our future should be safe.” he said. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, agrees and thinks starting with Mars makes the most sense. He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot—for example, about the ability of humans to live in a very different environment.
However, scientists will need to terraform Mars for people to be able to live. One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature there is about －60 ℃. One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases. This could take many centuries. However, it should lead to rainfall and the growth of plants, resulting in more air that people can breathe.
Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body. As a test, six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year before “returning to Earth” recently. It was a 1，200-square-foot room that was on the side of a volcano and used the sun for energy. Christiane Heinicke, one of the people who lived there, said that one of the biggest issues was feeling bored. So humans on Mars would always need to keep themselves busy with various activities. Another important finding was that the people living together should all be able to get along and work together.
One particular organization based in Europe is planning to send the first humans to Mars before 2030. The organization believes that its project is giving people worldwide the chance to be part of the first human crew ever to live on Mars for good. However, many experts think the project's cost of US$6 billion is too low for it to be successful. The American space agency NASA believes that sending people to Mars would cost about US$100 billion, although this estimate is based on bringing them back to Earth, too. Regardless, it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们认为人类移居火星的想法很快就能实现，但要真正住在火星，首先需要改造火星，将火星的环境地球化，使之符合人类生存的条件；其次还要测试人类住在火星上是否能保持身体和精神上的健康；最后虽然往返火星花费巨额，但无论如何，人类居住在火星的想法很快就能实现。
28．Why is Stephen Hawking mentioned in Paragraph 1？(　　)
A．To predict the future.
B．To show his concern.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To advertise space living.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可推知，此处引用史蒂芬·霍金的话来引出人类需要将领地延伸至太空以确保将来的安全，引入了本文的话题。故选C项。
29．What does the underlined word “terraform” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　)
A．Warming up a planet.
B．Moving to a planet.
C．Constructing a planet.
D．Changing the environment on a planet.
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature there is about －60℃. One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases. This could take many centuries.”可知，科学家们需要将火星改造成人类能够居住的地方。由此可知，画线单词terraform意为“改造成像地球一样的地方”。故选D。
30．What can you learn from the text？(　　)
A．The budget of the project is cost-effective.
B．Greenhouse gases are a must for living on Mars.
C．Hawaii is a place with Mars-like environment.
D．Humans living on Mars will be a reality in the not-too-distant future.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases. This could take many centuries. However, it should lead to rainfall and the growth of plants, resulting in more air that people can breathe.”可知，在火星上生活必须要有温室气体。故选B。
31．What could be a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．Life on Mars
B．Homes on Mars
C．Mars Exploration
D．Escape from Planet Earth
答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据文章大意可知，本文主要讲述了人类为了开拓生存空间，提出移民火星的计划，并为此做出的一些准备。从原文第一段中“Some of the world's most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day.”以及第二、三段首句均提到科学家为人类能够在火星上建立家园所作出的努力和尝试，以及对人类未来居住在火星上问题的推测。综合判断，选项B“在火星上安家？”为最佳标题。故选B。
D
In 2019, tiny green plants spouted （发芽） on the moon. The plants arrived as cotton seeds, carried by Chang'e 4, a Chinese spacecraft that had landed, in a historic first, on the far side of the moon, the side that never turns toward Earth. The seeds came with the comforts of home: Water, air, soil, and a heating system for warmth. However, about a week later, they all died. Lunar night had set in. Without enough sunlight, surface temperatures near the spacecraft suddenly lowered to-52 degrees Celsius. The heating system wasn't designed to last. The plants froze. Outer space, as you might expect, is not kind to plants, or people, or most living things.
China's experiment marked the first time biological matter has been grown on the moon. But plants have blossomed （开花） in space for years. They just need a little more care and attention than their peers growing on earth. Plants are planted inside special rooms equipped with artificial lights pretending to be the sun. Seeds are planted in nutrient-rich substance with fertilizers （化肥）. Water, unable to flow on its own, is administered carefully and precisely to roots.
Scientists are thinking about more than nutrition in these planting experiments. Research has shown that gardening is soothing and can be beneficial for good mental health. Future deep-space astronauts, who are in a small spaceship for a long time with the same people, will need all the soothing activities they can find. Plants, especially flowers, grown not for consumption but for decoration may help the astronauts feel connected to the comforts of Earth.
“There's a great deal of joy in growing and watering the plants and producing a flower，” Robinson, the ISS(International Space Station)scientist says. “There can also be some real sadness if plants you've been cultivating are not successful and are dying.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国在月球上首次种植生物的实验，并详细阐述了在太空种植植物的挑战以及这些实验对宇航员心理健康的潜在益处。
32．What led to the plants' death？(　　)
A．Low temperature.
B．Unfamiliar surroundings.
C．Too much sunlight.
D．Not enough water.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，月球夜晚的低温是导致植物死亡的原因，因为航天器上的加热系统无法长时间维持温度，导致植物被冻死。故选A。
33．How can a plant blossom in space？(　　)
A．Let it grow in natural environment.
B．Mark its growth every day.
C．Provide it with artificial lights.
D．Equip it with a water pump.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Plants are planted inside special rooms equipped with artificial lights pretending to be the sun. Seeds are planted in nutrient-rich substance with fertilizers （化肥）.”可知，植物被种植在配备有人造光源的特殊房间内，这些光源模拟了太阳的光照。由此可知，太空中，由于缺乏自然光照，植物需要在配备有人造光源的特殊房间内生长，以模拟太阳的光照条件，从而促进植物的生长和开花。故选C。
34．What does the underlined word “soothing” in the last paragraph mean？(　　)
A．Boring. B．Relaxing.
C．Disappointing. D．Satisfying.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“can be beneficial for good mental health”可知，上下文表明，园艺被描述为对人们的心理健康有镇静或放松的作用。因此“soothing”被用来描述那些能够带来安慰并帮助减轻压力或焦虑的活动。故选B。
35．What can we infer from Robinson's words？(　　)
A．Planting is a hardworking task for astronauts.
B．Only producing a flower brings astronauts joy.
C．It is a pity that some plants are not cultivated.
D．Both delight and sadness exist in planting.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘There's a great deal of joy in growing and watering the plants and producing a flower，’ Robinson, the ISS (International Space Station) scientist says. ‘There can also be some real sadness if plants you've been cultivating are not successful and are dying.’”可知，这句话直接表明了在种植和照顾植物的过程中，既有快乐也有悲伤。因此，我们可以推断出种植中既存在喜悦也存在悲伤。故选D。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we all know, the universe includes the Sun and Earth, the planets and moons, the galaxies, stars and other forms of matter and energy. 36(　　)
Within the universe are billions of galaxies. A galaxy such as our own Milky Way contains billions of stars. 37(　　) Like many stars, the Sun is orbited by planets, comets, and billions of stars and asteroids. Together they form a solar system, around which the Earth moves.
Scientists think that before the universe existed, all matter and energy were gathered in a tiny point. Then the point exploded. This explosion is called the Big Bang. After the Big Bang, the universe expanded at an amazing rate. 38(　　) It took about 400 million years for the stars and galaxies to form. The Earth and the rest of the solar system came into being about 9 billion years after the Big Bang.
We still have much to learn about the universe. One important question remains unanswered: Does life exist beyond the Earth Scientists do not have the answer. They hold different ideas about it. 39(　　) Others believe that there are thousands of worlds with people or animals living there yet to be discovered. But no one can say for sure.
40(　　) Some think that the universe may continue to expand forever. Others feel that the galaxies, solar systems and planets might someday be torn apart. Whatever happens to the universe, don't worry—it's not going to happen for billions of years!
A．One of those is the Sun.
B．The Sun and the Earth are also in the solar system.
C．Some people believe that people have a good life on the Earth.
D．The expansion then slowed and, over time, the universe cooled.
E．In other words, the universe includes space and everything in it.
F．Scientists are also trying to determine what the universe will be like.
G．Some think that the Earth is the only planet in the universe with intelligent life.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了宇宙的诞生、构成以及对宇宙未来的预测。
36．答案：E
解析：上文提到了宇宙包含许多东西，空处是段末句，对上文进行总结，故E选项“也就是说，宇宙包括空间和其中的一切。”符合语境。故选E。
37．答案：A
解析：前句“A galaxy such as our own Milky Way contains billions of stars.”提到银河系包含数亿颗恒星。后句“Like many stars, the Sun is orbited by planets, comets, and billions of stars and asteroids.”列举出了太阳这颗恒星，故A选项“其中一颗是太阳。”符合语境，A选项中“those”指代前文的“stars”。故选A。
38．答案：D
解析：前句提到了宇宙以惊人的速度膨胀，后句提到恒星和星系形成过程漫长，故D选项“然后膨胀变慢了，随着时间的推移，宇宙冷却了。”符合语境，expanded与expansion也是提示。故选D。
39．答案：G
解析：上文“One important...They hold different ideas about it.” 提到一个尚未得到解答的问题。后文“Others believe that...discovered.”提到了另一些人的看法。因此G选项“有些人认为地球是宇宙中唯一有智慧生命的行星。”符合语境，G选项中“Some”与下文构成“some...others...”，表示“一些……另一些……”。故选G。
40．答案：F
解析：空处是本段的主旨句。根据后文可知，本段主要是关于对未来宇宙的样子的预测，故F选项“科学家也在试图确定宇宙的未来可能会是什么样子。”符合语境。故选F。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Salman Nawaz Dhair, an experienced engineer at Larsen and Toubro, quit his job to become an ordinary taxi driver for people in emergencies. He proudly claims that over 500 people have 　41　 his taxi in their times of need, and he says his 65，000-rupee job could never offer him this level of 　42　．
One night, his wife 　43　 pregnancy failure but no taxi stopped for them. That 　44　 drove him to start driving a taxi, free of 　45　 for anyone who needs to get to the hospital. His passion was further 　46　 by what happened a few months ago. Around 2 in the morning, he saw two men standing by the roadside, 　47　 in need of a taxi. He 　48　 and realized they had a woman with them who had 75% burns. He gave them a blanket to 　49　 her, and drove as fast as he could to the nearest hospital. For the next few days, he kept checking to see if she had 　50　—and fortunately, she did. Now they are friends, and she still expresses her 　51　 to him for that early morning.
Now aged 74, he speaks 11 languages and is 　52　 as an advanced engineer. But the highlight of his life is that until today he has transported more than 500 　53　 cases to the hospital and tried his best to give each one a 　54　 to survive. “For that, if I am forever called an 　55　 taxi driver—I gladly accept.” He said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Salman Nawaz Dhair是一名经验丰富的工程师，他辞去工作，转而做一名普通的出租车司机，为有紧急情况的人提供帮助。
41．(　　)
A.driven B．ridden
C．needed D．entered
答案：B
解析：根据上文中的“become an ordinary taxi driver for people in emergencies”和空后的“his taxi in their times of need”可知，他是一名出租车司机，那些有需要的人乘坐他的出租车。故选B。
42．(　　)
A.satisfaction B．inspiration
C．obligation D．relaxation
答案：A
解析：根据句中的“proudly”和空前的“his 65，000-rupee job could never offer him this level of”可知，他为出租车司机这份工作感到自豪，认为之前6.5万卢比的工作带不来现在所享有的满足感。故选A。
43．(　　)
A.discovered B．prevented
C．suffered D．witnessed
答案：C
解析：根据空后的“pregnancy failure”可知，他的妻子遭受了妊娠失败这种紧急事件。故选C。
44．(　　)
A.affair B．pressure
C．mistake D．misfortune
答案：D
解析：根据上文中的“his wife 　43　pregnancy failure but no taxi stopped for them”可知，他的妻子妊娠失败，但没有出租车愿意送他们到医院救治，这是一件不幸的事件。故选D。
45．(　　)
A.ticket B．charge
C．debt D．tax
答案：B
解析：根据空前的“free of”和空后的“for anyone who needs to get to the hospital”可知，他对那些需要紧急前往医院的人免出租车费用。故选B。
46．(　　)
A.pursued B．recognized
C．strengthened D．monitored
答案：C
解析：根据空前的“His passion was further”和空后的“by what happened a few months ago”并结合下文他及时送一名烧伤女士去医院的事情可知，几个月前发生的那件事情进一步增强了他开出租车的热情。故选C。
47．(　　)
A.calmly B．badly
C．hardly D．usually
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“they had a woman with them who had 75% burns”可知，他们带了一名烧伤女士，所以他们急需一辆出租车去医院。故选B。
48．(　　)
A.pulled up B．stood up
C．cheered up D．dressed up
答案：A
解析：根据下文中的“He gave them a blanket”可知，他停车了。故选A。
49．(　　)
A.assist B．cover
C．hide D．comfort
答案：B
解析：根据空前的“He gave them a blanket”可知，他给他们一条毯子，把这位女士盖住。故选B。
50．(　　)
A.responded B．rested
C．breathed D．survived
答案：D
解析：根据下文中的“give each one a 　54　to survive”可知，此处为原词复现，指的是他去看她是否活了下来。故选D。
51．(　　)
A.support B．affection
C．gratitude D．trust
答案：C
解析：根据空前的“expresses her”并结合上文他开车送她去医院可知，她对他的行为表示感激。故选C。
52．(　　)
A.successful B．responsible
C．generous D．creative
答案：A
解析：根据第一段中的“Salman Nawaz Dhair, an experienced engineer”可知，他是一名成功的高级工程师。故选A。
53．(　　)
A.health B．disaster
C．emergency D．injury
答案：C
解析：根据第一段中的“become an ordinary taxi driver for people in emergencies”可知，这里是原词复现，指的是急诊病例。故选C。
54．(　　)
A.purpose B．reason
C．choice D．chance
答案：D
解析：根据空前的“tried his best to give each one a”和空后的“to survive”可知，他尽全力让那些遭受紧急情况的人有机会活下来。故选D。
55．(　　)
A.intelligent B．outgoing
C．interesting D．ordinary
答案：D
解析：根据第一段中的“become an ordinary taxi driver for people in emergencies”可知，此处是原词复现，假如他能够让那些遭遇紧急情况的人及时获得救治，即便自己被人叫作一名普通的出租车司机，自己也甘之如饴。故选D。
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's space programme started later than 56.　　　　 of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to 57.　　　　 (independent) send humans into space in 2003, 58.　　　　 Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed 59.　　　　 second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, 60.　　　　 (follow) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.
On 23 July 2020, Tianwen Ⅰ 61.　　　　 (send) by China to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of 62.　　　　 (value) information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic 63.　　　　 (complete) of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts 64.　　　　 (conduct) many important experiments, greatly 65.　　　　 (further) our understanding of the universe.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国航天发展取得的成就。
56．答案：those
解析：考查代词。句意：中国的太空计划比俄罗斯和美国起步晚，但在短时间内取得了巨大进展。空处指代俄罗斯和美国的太空计划，即指代space programmes，为复数形式，为了避免重复，用those代替前面提到的同类事物。故填those。
57．答案：independently
解析：句意：2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功环绕地球轨道飞行，当时中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。此处修饰动词send，应用副词形式。故填independently。
58．答案：when
解析：空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003，先行词表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
59．答案：a
解析：句意：随后，神舟六号和七号完成了第二次载人轨道飞行和中国首次太空行走，紧接着玉兔号探测车被送往月球研究其表面。此处second为序数词，修饰manned orbit，表示“第二次载人轨道飞行”，second前应加上不定冠词a，表示“再一；又一”。故填a。
60．答案：followed
解析：句中已有谓语completed，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，follow与逻辑主语Shenzhou 6 and 7之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语。故填followed。
61．答案：was sent
解析：句意：2020年7月23日，天问一号被中国发射，旨在探索火星表面。根据时间状语On 23 July 2020可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故使用一般过去时，Tianwen Ⅰ与send之间是被动关系。故填was sent。
62．答案：valuable
解析：句意：它于2021年2月到达，然后发回了许多宝贵的信息。结合语意可知，此处表示宝贵的信息，空处用其形容词修饰information。故填valuable。
63．答案：completion
解析：句意：2022年，梦天实验舱的发射标志着天宫空间站基本建成。此处需用其名词形式completion作signaled的宾语。故填completion。
64．答案：to conduct
解析：句意：这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要的实验，极大地推进了我们对宇宙的理解。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to conduct。
65．答案：furthering
解析：句中已有谓语will allow，空处作非谓语动词，且结合语意，宇航员可以进行许多重要实验，自然而然的结果是推进我们对宇宙的理解，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填furthering。
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华， 你校将组织观看英文版的纪录片《中国探月》。请你给交换生 David 写一封邮件， 邀请他一起观看， 内容包括：
1．观看时间和地点；
2．该观影活动的意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
参考词汇： 《中国探月》 China The Mission To The Moon; 纪录片 documentary
参考范文：
Dear David，
I am writing to extend a warm invitation to you to join us in watching the English version of the documentary China The Mission To The Moon about China's lunar exploration. It's a great opportunity to explore the fascinating world of space and learn about China's achievements in this field.
The screening will take place at 7 pm this Saturday in Room 204 of the Science Building. The documentary will not only showcase the technological advancements but also carry significant educational and cultural value, offering us a deeper understanding of humanity's pursuit for knowledge beyond our planet.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
He Made Me an Angel （天使）
When I was in seventh grade, I was a candy striper （医院志愿者） at a local hospital in my town. I volunteered about thirty to forty hours a week during the summer. Most of the time I spent there was with Mr. Gillespie. He never had any visitors, and nobody seemed to care about his condition.
I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, helping with anything that needed to be done. He became a close friend of mine, even though he responded with only an occasional squeeze （捏） of my hand. Mr. Gillespie was in a coma （昏迷）.
I left for a week to vacation with my parents, and when I came back, Mr. Gillespie was gone. I didn't have the courage to ask any of the nurses where he was, for fear they might tell me he had died. So with many questions unanswered, I continued to volunteer there through my eighth-grade year.
Several years later, when I was a junior in high school, I was at the gas station when I noticed a familiar face. When I realized who it was, my eyes were filled with tears. He was alive! I got up the courage to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie, and if he had been in a coma about five years ago. With an uncertain look on his face, he replied yes. I explained how I knew him, and that I had spent many hours talking with him in the hospital. His eyes welled up with tears, and he gave me the warmest hug I had ever received.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
参考范文：
Then Mr. Gillespie told me what happened to him five years ago. It turned out that a road crash left him in a coma, but no one could get in touch with his family. When he lay there in hospital, he could hear someone talking to him and could feel his hand being held the whole time. “I thought it was an angel, not a person, who was there with me！” he said excitedly. Seeing the smiling face, I felt a surge of warmth welling up inside my heart with tears of happiness streaming down my face.
“It was your voice and touch that had kept me alive，” Mr. Gillespie said with gratitude. “Thank you so much, my angel！” With tears in his eyes, he hugged me tightly and thanked me again and again. Hearing what Mr. Gillespie said, I felt a mixture of joy and touching emotion surging through me. I never expected that a little kindness could make me treated as an angel! Although I haven't seen him since, he fills my heart with joy every day and I will never forget what he did for me: he made me an angel.(共61张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
——动词不定式作定语和状语
内容
索引
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
探 听力发音技巧
学 语言要点知识
03.晚练(三)
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
练 课堂5分钟夯基
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
补全以下课文原句并思考所填部分的功能
①Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 　　　　 (enter) space.
②America's NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 　　　　 (study) deep space, and it still transmits data to this day.
③However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire 　　　　 (explore) the universe did not die.
④China became the third country in the world 　　　　 。independently 　　　　 。(send)humans into space in 2003.
to enter
to study
to explore
to
send
自我感悟
①③④
②
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
探·语法课堂学习
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. [2024·浙江1月卷读后续写]
伊娃决定用同样的手段来处理学校建筑。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.明天要举行的会议很重要。
I'm very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.让你一直无所事事闲坐着我感到很抱歉。
即学即练1　单句语法填空
①We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way 　　　　 (develop) and grow.
②I am honoured 　　　　 (deliver) a speech at the opening ceremony on behalf of our school.
③The question 　　　　　　 (discuss) tomorrow is about the pollution.
④The book is said to 　　　　　　　　 (translate) into four languages so far.
to develop
to deliver
to be discussed
have been translated
二、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，动词不定式和它所修饰的词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系。动词不定式通常要放在这些被修饰词的后面。
1．动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
2．名词前有first, last, next, only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
3．抽象名词attempt, ability, chance, desire, opportunity, courage, plan, way或不定代词something, nothing等后面常用动词不定式作后置定语。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.
詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the only way to become fit.
健康饮食加上经常锻炼可能是保持健康的唯一途径。
4．当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时，要用动词不定式作定语。
We must find a person to do the job.
我们必须找一个做这份工作的人。
〖名师点津〗　(1)动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
Attention, please. The astronaut has something important to say．
请注意，这名宇航员有重要的事情要说。
(2)如果不定式是不及物动词，其后要跟相应的介词。
Give me a piece of paper to write on．
给我一张纸写字。
即学即练2　单句语法填空
①In many homes in the UK, the first person 　　　　 (wake) up has to make tea for the family.
②The airport 　　　　　　　　　 (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
③With their ability 　　　　 (see) ahead, they could signal any problem.
④Carol was happy that she had the chance 　　　　　　　 (experience) the life in the city.
to wake
to be completed
to see
to experience
三、动词不定式作状语
动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来表示目的、原因及结果等。
1．作目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气，常与in order to或so as to 组成短语。
To get some working experience, I intend to take up a part time job in summer vacation.
为了获得一些工作经验，我打算在暑假做一份兼职。
In order to get more clicks, you'd better tell me which Chinese culture you westerners prefer.
为了获得更多点击量，你最好告诉我你们西方人更喜欢哪种中国文化。
She asked me to drive her to the airport so as to catch the 5：00 plane.
为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。
2．作原因状语，多用于“sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do...”结构中。
I'm more than delighted to learn that you take great interest in the Spring Festival.
我很高兴得知你对春节很感兴趣。
If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.
如果这样的话，你可能会很惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。
3．结果状语，多见于too...to、 enough to...、 only to do （表示意料之外的结果的发生）、 so/such...as to （意为“如此……以至于……”）结构中。
They all laughed at me, but I was brave enough to mount the horse again.
他们都嘲笑我，但我有足够的勇气再次上马。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多人。
I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. [2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]
我很高兴听到这个消息，我立即告诉了我的老师。
〖名师点津〗　动词 ing形式与不定式作结果状语的区别
(1)不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。
He stood in line overnight, only to be informed the tickets had already sold out.
他整夜排队，却被告知票已经卖完了。
(2)动词 ing形式作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的，必然造成的结果。
The 2024 Olympic Games was held in Pairs successfully, attracting the attention of the whole world.
2024年奥运会在巴黎成功举办，吸引了全世界的目光。
4．独立不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。
To make matters worse, the temperature dropped quickly, leaving them into deep despair.
更糟糕的是，气温急剧下降，让他们陷入了深深的绝望之中。
即学即练3　单句语法填空
①He won the first prize in the contest, 　　　　 (make) his teacher proud.
②Without a second thought, Paul drove the car quickly back to the two cyclists, only 　　　　 (find) they were gone.
③Upon arriving at the door of his home, he was surprised 　　　　 。(discover) that it was two dogs that were greeting him.
④Would you be so kind as 　　　　 (spare) some time to come and join us？
making
to find
to discover
to spare
学·语言要点知识
1)lack n.缺乏；短缺　vt.没有；缺乏)
(1)(a) lack of... 缺少……
for lack of... 由于缺乏……
(2)lacking adj. 缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in sth. 缺少某物
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Though 　　　　 (lack) money, his parents, making their living by working abroad, managed to send him to a key middle school.
lacking
[写美]　一句多译
因缺少自信，我站在舞台上，低着头，双腿不受控制地颤抖。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage, with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control. (for lack of)
③Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage, with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control. (lack sth.)
④Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage, with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control. (be lacking in sth.)
[小词汇·大文化]　Hard work can make up for lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。
For lack of confidence
I lacked confidence
I was lacking in confidence
2)beyond prep.在更远处；超出
(1)beyond sb. 使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）
(2)beyond words 难以言喻
beyond one's reach 够不着
beyond expectation 出乎意料
beyond control 失去控制
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Moved 　　　　 words, he hurried to the spot with the boy.
②I should have told you in advance, but something happened beyond my 　　　　　 。(expect).
[写美]　完成句子
③难以置信的是，我在写作比赛中获得了第一名，我无法抑制内心的兴奋。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]
It is 　　　　　　　　 that I won the first prize in the writing competition and I couldn't contain my inner excitement.
beyond
expectation
beyond belief
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Painting gives Henry a chance 　　　　 (express) himself without words.
2．I‘ m afraid that I can’t go shopping with you, for I have many things 　　　　 。(deal)with this afternoon.
3．I hurried to the supermarket, only 　　　　 (find) it was closed.
4．I'm very happy 　　　　 (hear) my favorite team won the match.
5．With no one 　　　　 (turn) to for help, Kathie felt very upset.
to express
to deal
to find
to hear
to turn
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．屠呦呦是第一位被授予诺贝尔医学奖的中国科学家。
Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
2．这也为我提供了独立生活和体验生活艰辛的机会。
It provided me with a chance 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and experience the hardships of life.
to be awarded
to live independently
3．我认为和朋友们保持联系最好的方式是发电子邮件。
I think the best way 　　　　　　　　　　　 my friends is through email.
4．为了迎接新年，家家户户都在为团圆饭做准备。
　　　　　　　　　　　　， every family is preparing for the reunion dinner.
to keep in touch with
To welcome the New Year
03.晚练(三)
?维度1 单句语法填空（每空2.5分，共25分）
1．They hope that students will have the opportunity 　　　　 (broaden) their horizons.
2．Deeply moved by the story, she felt a strong desire 　　　　 (help) and care for others.
3．Scientists are trying to figure out a way 　　　　 (store) sufficient food and water for the long journey.
4．　　　　 (succeed), we must make good preparations for the coming football match.
to broaden
to help
to store
To succeed
5．　　　　 (realize) his dream of being admitted into a key university, Jack studies harder than ever.
6．He was disappointed 　　　　 (learn) that his application was rejected.
7．There were so many people that Lucy had to shout and wave so as 　　　　　 。(notice).
To realize
to learn
to be noticed
8．The performance had intended to please the audience and draw their attention, only 　　　　　 (greet) with an embarrassing silence, however.
9．Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something 　　　　 (read)
10．My friend told me he had a lot of reading tasks 　　　　　　　　.　　　 (complete) before the end of the term.
to be greeted
to read
to complete
?维度2 语法与写作（每空5分，共20分）
1．你可能有机会结识新朋友，这些朋友会在你有困难时出现。
You may have chances 　　　　　　　　　， who'll appear when you're in need.
2．明天出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。
All the teachers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
to make new friends
to attend the opening ceremony
3．去年寒假，我和父亲一起去乡下看望了我的祖父母。
During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father 　　　　　　　　　．
4．为了帮助同学们学好英语，我们已决定为你们学校捐赠一批图书。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we have decided to donate some books to your school.
to visit my grandparents
To help the students to learn English better
?维度3 根据括号的要求， 改写下列句子（每题3.5分，共17.5分）
1．The system is able to run more than one program at the same time.（不定式作定语）
→________________________________________________________
2．Mrs Lin was the first teacher that got into the office this morning.（不定式作定语）
→________________________________________________________
The system has the ability to run more than one program at the same time.
Mrs Lin was the first teacher to get into the office this morning.
3．Tom was very lucky. He got the ticket for the football game.(enough to do...)
→_________________________________________________________
4．Tony was so nervous that he couldn't answer the question.(too...to...)
→_________________________________________________________
5．A group of young people got together so that they could discuss the problem.（不定式作状语）
→_________________________________________________________
Tom was lucky enough to get the ticket for the football game.
Tony was too nervous to answer the question.
A group of young people got together to discuss the problem.
?维度4 语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分）
Last weekend, I went to a bookstore 1.　　　　 (buy) some books. There I came across a boy. He was old enough 2.　　　　 (read) by himself.He wanted to buy a geography book that cost one dollar. However, he had only sixty-two cents in his pocket. The money was too little for him 3.　　　　 (get) that book. The boy looked quite disappointed, but he was determined 4.　　　　 (try) some other bookstores to get one. Because I wanted to know the result, I decided 5.　　　　 (follow) him.
to buy
to read
to get
to try
to follow
The boy tried four different bookstores 6.　　　　 (find) a cheaper book, but he went from one store to another, only 7.　　　　 (find) the book more expensive. In the sixth bookstore, the owner found that the boy was worried, so he asked him why he was anxious 8.　　　　 (get) a geography book. The boy told him that he wanted to become a sailor like his father. He wanted to learn more about geography. 9.　　　　　　　　.
(hear) what the boy said, the owner gave him one for free. The boy was very excited. The result was satisfying. Before I left, I gave the boy two dollars so that he was able to have money 10.　　　　 (buy) more books.
to find
to find
to get
Hearing/Having heard
to buy
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）
　体裁：记叙文　 主题语境：坚定追逐梦想 　难度：★★★☆☆
[2024·山东东营高一期末]I used to behave like a superhero with my family. But talking with a stranger was very difficult for me. I stayed like this for a long time. But conditions seemed to change after I attended college.
One day when I was doing some research on the Internet for my college project, I found a video on how to deal with shyness. The person in the video explained everything about shyness and said something that inspired me. He said, “No one is born with confidence. They develop it with time. It is a learnable skill. Anyone can learn it.”
Due to my newly found motivation （动机）， I watched hundreds of personal development videos in 2 to 3 days. I also ordered some personal development books and read online articles. Only consuming information was not going to change my life. I knew I would have to perform it.
I wanted to change very much. So, I created a proper list of how to meet with people. In the list, I mentioned everything from eye contact to smile, handshake, asking questions, etc. I tried to talk with a stranger every day and got mixed up even more with my classmates.
Now I wanted to change my life completely. That's why I tried to conquer my biggest fear: stage fear. Luckily, there was a public speaking competition at my college. I asked every classmate to give me company. But not even one student was ready.
I wanted to do it so badly that I ended up doing it alone, which was a fearless move for me. On the competition day, I was very scared. I knew that if I didn't conquer this fear, it would stay with me for my whole life. After stepping on stage I found it was not that frightening. I did my best and I got 3rd prize out of 31 students. My teachers were congratulating me. I was so happy that I finally made it.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者曾经害怕与陌生人交流，但在大学期间，受到一段关于如何应对害羞的视频启发，开始积极寻求改变。作者通过观看视频、阅读书籍和文章，学习社交技巧，并尝试与陌生人交流。最后，作者鼓起勇气参加了学校的公开演讲比赛，克服了舞台恐惧，并获得第三名。
1．What stirred up the author's determination to change？(　　)
A．An inspiring video.
B．A college project.
C．Articles on shyness.
D．Books on personal development.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“One day when I was doing some research on the Internet for my college project, I found a video on how to deal with shyness. The person in the video explained everything about shyness and said something that inspired me.”可知，作者在看了一个关于如何应对害羞的视频后，被视频中的话所激励，从而激起了他改变的决心。故选A。
2．What does the underlined word “consuming” mean in Paragraph 3？(　　)
A．Taking in. B．Taking advantage of.
C．Using up. D．Being addicted to.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前“I watched hundreds of personal development videos in 2 to 3 days. I also ordered some personal development books and read online articles.”可知，作者观看了大量关于个人发展的视频，阅读了大量相关书籍和文章。结合画线词所在句“Only consuming information was not going to change my life. I knew I would have to perform it.”可推知，作者意识到只是通过上文所述方式去“获取信息”是远远不够的，还要去实践它。故画线词consuming的意思是“摄入，吸收”，与taking in同义。故选A。
3．What can be inferred about the speaking competition？(　　)
A．31 students were awarded 3rd prize.
B．It helped the author remove stage fear.
C．It was the biggest challenge for the author.
D．Teamwork was required in the competition.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中“Now I wanted to change my life completely. That's why I tried to conquer my biggest fear: stage fear. Luckily, there was a public speaking competition at my college.”和最后一段可推知，这次演讲比赛帮助作者克服了舞台恐惧。故选B。
4．What can we learn from the author's experience？(　　)
A．The early bird catches the worm.
B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D．All things are difficult before they are easy.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容，作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：只要有决心和行动，就没有什么是不可能的。文章讲述作者从害怕与人交往到最终克服舞台恐惧并获得演讲比赛第三名，这一转变过程充分说明了“有志者事竟成”的道理。因此，我们可以从作者的经历中学到的是“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart（有志者事竟成）”。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
体裁： 说明文　主题语境：搬家经历 　难度：★★★☆☆
[2024·辽宁省名校联盟期末]Moving house is one of the most stressful life events. According to a survey asking 2，000 people to list their top life stressors, moving house came top, followed by divorce, having a baby, starting a new job and getting married.1(　　) If your change of location is tied to a new, much desired job, the pressures are more easily dealt with. But when the move is forced—because of job loss or separation—then the stress feels truly burdensome. Whatever the reason, if you're moving soon, how can you make the experience as stress-free as possible
Get to know the new area. If your new house is nearby, visit the neighborhood. 2(　　) Discover where you'll shop, how long it will take to get children to school and so on, so it already feels familiar when you move.
Play with the layout （布局）. Initially, use the sales information to draw a scale model of your new home, then measure your furniture and calculate the length, height or width to match your model. 3(　　) Move the items around to different rooms, until you find the most agreeable layout.
Make “holiday preparations”. Imagine you're going on a one-week self-catering holiday. Pack everything you'd need and bring it yourself to the new house on moving day. That way, you'll have all the essentials right on hand.
Use colour code. Colour code each room in the new house, and then mark each box you pack with the appropriate colour. For example, you use green to represent kitchen. Then put all the items related to kitchen into boxes marked green. 4(　　)
5(　　) If friends or family offer to cook a meal or look after a pet on moving day, let them. That allows them the pleasure of feeling useful, and at the same time helps you reduce your stress levels.
A．Accept proper help.
B．Be a helpful assistant.
C．If it's far away, take virtual tours.
D．This will make it easier to unpack.
E．Next, draw and cut out pictures of your furniture.
F．It represents a sense of harmony by putting everything in proper position.
G．Of course, the stress involved partly depends on your reasons for moving.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让搬家经历尽可能没有压力的方法。
1．答案：G
解析：下文“If your change of location is tied to a new, much desired job, the pressures are more easily dealt with.”举例说明搬家的原因可能会影响压力，G项说明搬家原因与压力之间的关系，引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
2．答案：C
解析：上文“Get to know the new area. If your new house is nearby, visit the neighborhood.”说明本段介绍的方法是了解新的区域，如果新房子在附近的话，就可以去看看，C项说明如果新房子不在附近可以采取的做法，与上文句子并列，符合题意。故选C。
3．答案：E
解析：上文“Initially, use the sales information to draw a scale model of your new home, then measure your furniture and calculate the length, height or width to match your model.”说明可以按比例测量家具并计算对应的长宽高，E项承接上文，说明接下来的做法，并引出下文内容“Move the items around to different rooms, until you find the most agreeable layout.”。故选E。
4．答案：D
解析：上文“Use colour code. Colour code each room in the new house, and then mark each box you pack with the appropriate colour. For example, you use green to represent kitchen. Then put all the items related to kitchen into boxes marked green.”说明可以使用不同颜色进行分类整理，D项说明上文所介绍方式的益处，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
5．答案：A
解析：下文“If friends or family offer to cook a meal or look after a pet on moving day, let them. That allows them the pleasure of feeling useful, and at the same time helps you reduce your stress levels.”说明如果有人主动提出帮助，那么要接受他人的帮助，A项“接受适当的帮助。”引出下文内容，适合作为段落主旨句。故选A。(共74张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing
内容
索引
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
学 语言要点知识
03.晚练(四)
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
练 课堂5分钟夯基
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text and then choose the best answer to each question.
1．Why do some people think we should stop wasting time and money exploring space
A．Some countries are so poor that they have no ability to explore space.
B．It's no use exploring the universe.
C．They think we should pay attention to poverty, pollution and fatal diseases.
D．Exploring space will bring various disasters to mankind on Earth.
C
2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text
A．Exploring space has made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
B．Many satellites orbit Earth now due to exploring space.
C．The scientists can provide useful recommendations after analyzing the data transmitted by the satellites.
D．Space technologies are used in industries rather than everyday products.
D
3．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage
A．To give tips on how to explore space.
B．To explain various ways of exploring space.
C．To call people's attention to space exploration.
D．To advise people to stop exploring space.
C
Task 2佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能
熟记下列表述太空探索利弊的句子：
1．Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
2．...we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases.
3．...exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
4．...space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
5．...sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
学·语言要点知识
核心词汇诠释
1)argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论
(1)argue with sb. (over/about sth.) （就某事）与某人争（辩）论
argue for/against sth. 据理赞成/反对……
(2)argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
(3)argument n. 争论；争吵；论点
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Our class has recently argued 　　　　 each other about/over whether we should carry on with space exploration.
＝Our class has recently had an 　　　　 (argue) with each other about/over whether we should carry on with space exploration.
②She has argued that wild animals 　　　　　　　 (leave) in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
with
argument
(should) be left
[写美]　完成句子
③我写这封信，希望说服你不要再沉迷于网上游戏了。
I am writing the letter in the hope of 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 。online games any longer.
[熟词生义]　He encouraged me and argued that I should work on the project alone.
他鼓励我，并主张我应该独自完成这个项目。（argue vt. 主张； 认为）
arguing you out of being addicted to
2)result in导致；造成
(1)result from 由于；由……造成
(2)as a result 结果，因此
as a result of 作为……的结果；因为……
[写美]　一句多译
缺乏信心导致他工作面试失败。
①A lack of confidence 　　　　　　　　　　　　 his failure in the job interview.
②His failure in the job interview 　　　　　　　　　　　 a lack of confidence.
③He lacked confidence, and 　　　　　　　　　　　， he failed in the job interview.
④　　　　　　　　　　　　 a lack of confidence, he failed in the job interview.
resulted in
resulted from
as a result
As a result of
[小词汇·大文化]　As is known to us all, failure usually results from laziness while diligence can result in success. 众所周知，失败通常源于懒惰，而勤奋可以导致成功。
3)limited adj.有限的
(1)limit...to... 把……限定在……之内
(2)There is no limit to... ……是无限的
set a limit/limits on 设定……的限度
without limit 无限地，无限制地
(3)limitless adj. 无限制的
[练透]　单句语法填空
①First of all, we can limit online study time 　　　　 thirty minutes a time. （应用文之建议信）
②Obviously, there is a limit 　　　　 the amount we can get done in two weeks.
to
to
[写美]　完成句子
③要求文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
It is required that the length of the article 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .or so.
[小词汇·大文化]　There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serving the people.
人的生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。
should be limited to 400 words
4)provide for sb.提供生活所需
(1)provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供某物
(2)supply sb. with sth.＝ supply sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
(3)offer sb. sth.＝ offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Surrounding yourself with people who'll provide you 　　　　 .support can be very beneficial.
②I have done my share for four years and now it is your turn to provide 　　　　 . him.
with
for
[写美]　一句多译
她把座位让给我，真有礼貌。
③It was polite of her 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
(provide)
④It was polite of her 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．(offer)
⑤It was polite of her 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
(supply)
to provide me with her seat/to provide her seat for me
to offer her seat to me/to offer me her seat
to supply me with her seat/to supply her seat to me
5)run out用完；耗尽
run out of 用完，用尽（主语通常为人）
use up 用完，消耗尽（及物动词短语）
[练透]　单句语法填空
①In the future, caring for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run 　　　　．
②We should buy some food in advance because we are using 　　　　 。our food.
out
up
[写美]　完成句子
③在试图救第二个时，他筋疲力尽，再也上不去了。（读后续写之人物描写）
When he tried to save the second one, he 　　　　　　　　 and couldn't go up again.
[点津]　①run out表示“用完，耗尽”，不及物，相当于give out；②run out of 及物，相当于use up。
ran out of energy
6)attach vt.系；绑；贴
(1)attach great importance to (doing) sth. 认为（做）某事有重要意义
(2)attach...to... 把……附在……上
(3)be attached to... 喜欢……；附属于……
[练透]　单句语法填空
①I wonder if you have attached a recent photo 　　　　 your application form.
②The middle school 　　　　 (attach) to Beijing Normal University is well known across the country.
to
attached
[写美]　完成句子
③我认为经常读英文报非常重要，因为这会扩大我的视野。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the English newspaper regularly because this can widen my view.
attach great importance to reading
经典句式解构
1)句型公式：It be＋adj.＋to do
【教材原句】　It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
为人们在太空找到一个新家是有必要的，因为地球上的资源将耗尽。
(1)It be＋adj.＋to do sth.表示“做某事是怎样的”，其中it做形式主语，to do...做真正主语。
(2)在sth. be＋adj.＋to do中，sth.和to do之间是逻辑动宾关系，而形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, heavy, pleasant, good等。
(3)当动词不定式与句子的主语是动宾关系且是不及物动词时，应在该不及物动词后加上适当的介词。
[写美]　完成句子
①对他来说，要想赶上早班汽车，早起是非常必要的。
　　　　 is necessary 　　　　 him to get up early if he wants to catch the early bus.
②当他到达那里时，他立刻发现这个问题很难处理。
When he arrived there, he instantly found that the problem was hard 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
It
for
to handle
③据我所知，他很容易相处。
As far as I know, he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④在夏季，人们可以神清气爽地呼吸新鲜空气，愉悦地享受自然风光。
In summer, fresh air 　　　　　　　　　　　 and natural scenery 　　　　　　　　　　　．
is easy to get along with
is comfortable to breathe
is pleasant to enjoy
2)句型公式：倍数表达法
常见的倍数表达法有：
(1)A is＋倍数＋as＋形容词＋as B
(2)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/height/...) of＋B
【教材原句】　Olympus Mons，the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山，高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
[写美]　一句多译
在建的新体育场将是操场的三倍大。
①The new stadium being built will be 　　　　　　　　 the playground.(than)
②The new stadium being built will be 　　　　　　　　 the playground.(as...as)
③The new stadium being built will be 　　　　　　　　 the playground.(size)
twice bigger than
three times as big as
three times the size of
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I believe that we should 　　　　 （回收） more paper, because we're cutting down too many trees.
2．The lack of water has become a 　　　　 （全球的） problem that needs to be solved immediately.
recycle
global
3．Rare natural 　　　　 （资源） have resulted in many conflicts between countries.
4．She is 　　　　 （热衷的） on going to parties while her sister likes staying at home.
5．I think you‘ve got to the point where change is needed, 　　　　 。（否则） you'll fail.
resources
keen
otherwise
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （没能做好母亲节早餐） made the twins disappointed, and they were in tears.
2．His carelessness 　　　　　　　　　　 （导致） the terrible accident that happened last night.
3．My money is 　　　　　　　　 （用尽） and as a result，I have to go home and ask my father for some.
Failing to cook Mother's Day breakfast
resulted in
running out
4．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （最后）， I have earned sufficient money to buy a new vehicle.
5．I was determined to hunt for a part time job with the aim of 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .（提供生活所需） my kid.
In closing
providing for
03.晚练(四)
?维度1 单词拼写（每空2分，满分20分）
1．We didn't know you were in trouble at that time, 　　　　 （否则） we would have given you a hand.
2．Exercise is an important part of every astronaut‘s daily life to prevent 　　　　 。（肌肉） loss.
3．The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is 　　　　 （超出） description.
4．They may fail to attach 　　　　 （足够的） importance to cultural diversity.
otherwise
muscle
beyond
sufficient
5．Our village is making efforts to change its development 　　　　 。 （模式） to promote green growth.
6．Their brains are scanned so that researchers can 　　　　 （检测） the progress of the disease.
7．We should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might 　　　　 （循环利用） some, which will surely benefit us a great deal.
8．I had thought about a　　　　 with the teacher about that, but I didn't have enough courage.
9．He is a s　　　　 thinker whose opinions aren't worth much.
10．We are doing our best with the l　　　　 resources available.
pattern
monitor
recycle
arguing
shallow
limited
?维度2 单句语法填空（每空2.5分，满分20分）
1．According to the World Wildlife Fund, the 　　　　 (globe) black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500.
2．What counts is that I can't wait to earn some pocket money to prove my 　　　　　　 (independent).
3．　　　　 (have) a positive attitude to study is the reason why I respect you.
4．　　　　 (lack) enough experience，I don't know how to launch such a campaign.
global
independence
Having
Lacking
5．If we can use 　　　　 (recycle) materials, we will cause less pollution to the Earth.
6．Everyone is required to work out 　　　　 (regular) and keep healthy.
7．Though we are young and our power is 　　　　 (limit), every effort we make counts!
8．Sending astronauts into space has helped people to find ways 　　　　 。(solve) the world's problems.
recycled
regularly
limited
to solve
?维度3 话题写作——太空探索（每空4分，共20分）
1．我的朋友李明和我辩论太空是否值得探索。
My friend Li Ming and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 space is worth exploring.
2．李明认为太空探索浪费了许多钱，这些钱可以被用来解决其他问题，比如饥饿和污染。
Li Ming thinks 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，which can be used to solve other problems，such as starvation and pollution.
have an argument on whether
space exploration wastes a lot of money
3．然而，我不同意他的看法。卫星已经被用于通讯和天气预报，这使我们的生活更加便利。
However，I don't agree with him. Satellites have been used for communication as well as weather forecast，which 　　　　　　　　　　　　　．
makes our life more convenient
4．另外，如果能在其他行星上发现资源，能源匮乏的问题就能够被解决。
Besides，if 　　　　　　　　　　　　　，the problem of energy shortages can be solved.
5．因此，我认为太空值得探索。(worthy)
So I think space is 　　　　　　　　　　　　．
resources are found on other planets
worthy to be/of being explored
?维度4 课文语法填空（每空1.5分，满分15分）
Countries around the world are spending a lot of time and money on various space missions. Here are some reasons why we should continue exploring space.
First of all, exploring space has already made 1.　　　　 difference in the fight against world hunger. Satellites record data on land and weather patterns, 2.　　　　 is then transmitted to scientists on Earth. After 3.　　　　 。(care) analysis, the scientists can provide recommendations and advice for farmers to grow enough food 4.　　　　 (feed) Earth's increasing population.
a
which
careful
to feed
Besides, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which 5.　　　　　 (create) to meet the requirements for space exploration in the beginning. Today, space technologies are 6.　　　　 (wide) used in all kinds of industries and everyday products.
was created
widely
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world‘s problems and even to find ways to solve them. When 7.　　　　 。(see) pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea, people realise that our planet's resources are limited. Scientists are trying to find other 8.　　　　 (planet) that could one day be our new home.
In closing, exploring space 9.　　　　 (provide) the world with many benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide solutions 10.　　　　 。 people's problems.
seeing
plants
provides
to
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）
　体裁：记叙文　主题语境：个人生活　难度：★★★☆☆
[2024·山东临沂期末]Within 60 seconds of hearing a bell ring, firefighters are dressed and rushing toward a high-rise on fire. They have to head inside, knowing that floors could fall down under them and roofs could fall on their heads. One wrong decision might mean death.
Who would sign up for a job like that Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. He used to sit in a high-rise office of a software company in San Diego, California. Now he is trained to break into rooms full of blinding smoke and overwhelming heat and come up with a rescue strategy.
“I wanted to learn new and practical skills and have a job that varied day by day.” That's quite an understatement to describe a career that requires you to keep a cool head while attacking a fire. But Telfer says that fires and tension can be conquered in the same way: ongoing physical and mental training.
Telfer was a runner in college, but nowadays he builds up his lung ability for life-threatening conditions instead of races. He might climb hundreds of steps, wearing 34 kilograms of gear （装备）， including oxygen tanks. He may carry sufferers to safety. No matter what he does, he must control his breathing.
His survival will depend on more than body fitness. Firefighters must have sufficient mental preparation. To respond to disasters effectively, they study a wide range of subjects such as emergency （紧急） medicine, structural （结构的） design and chemical reactions. They practice quickly judging the changing conditions of a fire. “It is why we love the job，” Telfer says. “We are continuously learning.”
Going from being a software specialist to a first responder was quite a transition for Telfer. Never could he have imagined the challenges he would face. But he says, “Not once have I ever felt that it was not the right job for me.” Danger might be waiting as he heads to work each day. But his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the roar of a great fire.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sam Telfer曾经是一名软件专家，后来他放弃了原本的工作，去当了一名消防员，描述了他对这份工作的感受。
1．Why did Telfer change his job？(　　)
A．He would like to challenge himself.
B．He wanted to get a high paying job.
C．He had been dreaming of being a firefighter.
D．He was unfit for working in a software company.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“I wanted to learn new and practical skills and have a job that varied day by day.”可知，特尔弗换工作是因为他想挑战自己。故选A。
2．What do firefighters need to survive the fire？(　　)
A．They need strong lung ability for races.
B．They need to study how to design buildings.
C．They need more body health than mental preparation.
D．They need mental preparation in addition to body health.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“His survival will depend on more than body fitness. Firefighters must have sufficient mental preparation.”可知，除了身体健康，消防员还需要心理准备。故选D。
3．What can we learn about Telfer from the last paragraph？(　　)
A．He regrets leaving the software company.
B．He has faced many difficulties in his former job.
C．He finds his job challenging but still a right choice.
D．He once thought of giving up the job as a firefighter.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Going from being a software specialist to a first responder was quite a transition for Telfer. Never could he have imagined the challenges he would face. But he says, ‘Not once have I ever felt that it was not the right job for me.’”可知，特尔弗觉得这份工作很有挑战性，但仍然是一个正确的选择。故选C。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．A Firefighting Hero
B．Firefighters to the Rescue
C．Firefighter: a Challenging Job
D．From a Software Specialist to a First Responder
答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Who would sign up for a job like that Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. He used to sit in a high-rise office of a software company in San Diego, California. Now he is trained to break into rooms full of blinding smoke and overwhelming heat and come up with a rescue strategy.”结合文章主要讲述了Sam Telfer曾经是一名软件专家，后来他放弃了原本的工作，去当了一名消防员。描述了他对这份工作的感受。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
体裁：记叙文　主题语境：校园生活　难度：★★★☆☆
[2024·厦门高一下学期期末]Pranti Zaveri, a teacher deeply interested in financial literacy （素养）， created her own programme called the life skills programme. She came up with the 　1　 when she was teaching money to second graders and 　2　the kids were unaware of what it really meant. Kids were 　3　 spending money in the school store and she 　4　 how she could make it feel relevant （有关的） to them.
The programme was based on the 　5　 of giving, saving, and spending. Each student had a classroom job and they were paid through a school-wide 　6　 with a school bank account they managed themselves. They were then asked to 　7　 their own businesses. They all had to 　8　 their creativity to have their own business plans and learn what they loved to do. It could be as 　9　 as making bookmarks or paintings, but Pranti 　10　 one student interested in the environment made terrariums （生物养育箱）.
They got opportunities to sell their 　11　 to each other with the school's currency. And then, she introduced the programme to Parents' Day so that students could 　12　 real money to put into their businesses. She also wanted to teach them about social 　13　 and how to give, so she 　14　them to donate the money to charity.
“The programme gave students both confidence and an opportunity to 　15　 what they love from a young age, inspiring them to achieve what they dream！” said Pranti.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个教师通过实际操作和综合教育方法来教育学生财务素养，培养他们的创造力和社会责任感。
1．(　　)
A.idea B．reason
C．solution D．recommendation
答案：A
解析：句意：她是在给二年级学生教“钱”的时候想到这个主意的，当时她意识到孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义。根据上文的“Pranti Zaveri, a teacher deeply interested in financial literacy, created her own programme called the life skills programme.”可知，Pranti Zaveri是一名对金融知识非常感兴趣的教师，她创建了自己的课程，名为“生活技能课程”，这是她想到的主意，来帮助孩子们理解“钱”的真正含义。故选A。
2．(　　)
A.expected B．concluded
C．realized D．admitted
答案：C
解析：根据本句中的“the kids were unaware of what it really meant”可知，孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义，这是Pranti Zaveri在给学生上课时意识到的。故选C。
3．(　　)
A.wisely B．carefully
C．unwillingly D．unknowingly
答案：D
解析：句意：孩子们无意识地在学校商店里花钱，她想知道如何让他们觉得这与他们有关。根据上文的“the kids were unaware of what it really meant”可知，孩子们并不知道“钱”的真正含义，因此会无意识地在学校商店里花钱买东西。故选D。
4．(　　)
A.doubted B．mentioned
C．wondered D．explained
答案：C
解析：根据本句中的“Kids were...spending money in the school store”可知，孩子们无意识地在学校商店里花钱，因此Pranti Zaveri想知道让他们意识到“钱”与他们的关系。故选C。
5．(　　)
A.comparison B．philosophy
C．evidence D．leve
答案：B
解析：句意：该计划基于给予、储蓄和支出的理念。 根据本句中的“giving, saving, and spending”可知，计划以给予、储蓄和支出的理念为基础。故选B。
6．(　　)
A.march B．ceremony
C．balance D．currency
答案：D
解析：句意：每个学生都承担一份教室工作，他们的工资是通过学校通用的货币支付的，并有一个他们自己管理的学校银行账户。 根据下文的“with the school's currency”可知，学生的工资是通过学校通用的货币支付的，currency是提示词。故选D。
7．(　　)
A.create B．maintain
C．sell D．market
答案：A
解析：句意：然后，他们被要求创建自己的企业。 根据下文的“their creativity to have their own business plans”可知，学生被要求创建自己的企业。故选A。
8．(　　)
A.set aside B．pass on
C．tap into D．show off
答案：C
解析：句意：他们都必须利用自己的创造力，制定自己的商业计划，学习自己喜欢做什么。根据本句中的“their creativity to have their own business plans and learn what they loved to do”可知，学生需要利用自己的创造力来制定自己的商业计划，学习自己喜欢做什么。故选C。
9．(　　)
A.simple B．unique
C．precious D．significant
答案：A
解析：句意：它可以像制作书签或绘画一样简单，但普兰蒂记得一个对环境感兴趣的学生制作了生物养育箱。根据本句中的“making bookmarks or paintings”可知，创建自己的事业和制作书签或绘画一样简单。故选A。
10．(　　)
A.remembered B．imagined
C．understood D．sensed
答案：A
解析：根据下文的“And then, she introduced the programme to Parents' Day so that students could...real money to put into their businesses”可知，普兰蒂帮助了一个对环境感兴趣的学生推销其制作的生物养育箱，因此普兰蒂记得这件事情。故选A。
11．(　　)
A.tickets B．gifts
C．accessories D．products
答案：D
解析：句意：他们有机会用学校的货币互相销售产品。 根据本句中的“with the school's currency”可知，他们用学校内流通的货币来互相销售产品，即生物养育箱。故选D。
12．(　　)
A.borrow B．spend
C．donate D．earn
答案：D
解析：句意：然后，她在父母节推出了这个项目，这样学生们就可以赚到真正的钱投入到他们的生活中。 根据上文的“They got opportunities to sell their...to each other with the school's currency.”可知，他们有机会用学校的货币互相销售产品，这样学生们就可以赚到真正的钱投入到他们的生活中。故选D。
13．(　　)
A.order B．impact
C．context D．development
答案：B
解析：句意：她还想教他们关于社会影响力和如何给予，所以她鼓励他们把钱捐给慈善机构。根据本句中的“how to give”和“donate the money to charity”可知，给予和把钱捐给慈善机构是能够带来社会影响力的。故选B。
14．(　　)
A.appointed B．encouraged
C．requested D．forced
答案：B
解析：句意：她还想教他们关于社会影响力和如何给予，所以她鼓励他们把钱捐给慈善机构。根据本句中的“She also wanted to teach them about social...and how to give”可知，她想教他们关于社会影响力和如何给予，因此会鼓励他们把钱捐给慈善机构。故选B。
15．(　　)
A.protect B．change
C．pursue D．describe
答案：C
解析：句意：这个项目让学生从小就有信心和机会去追求自己喜欢的东西，激励他们实现自己的梦想！ 根据本句中的“inspiring them to achieve what they dream”可知，为了激励他们实现自己的梦想，这个项目让学生从小就有信心和机会去追求自己喜欢的东西。故选C。(共57张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
内容
索引
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
探 听力发音技巧
学 语言要点知识
03.晚练(一)
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
练 课堂5分钟夯基
01.预学案 知识为基听说读写
听力词汇·清障
astronaut
procedure
mental
intelligent
话题听力·体验
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1．How long did Dennis Tito stay at the International Space Station
A．10 days. B．14 days. C．22 days.
√
2．Where is Kate from
A．Canada. B．The UK. C．Australia.
√
3．What does Ben want to do
A．Travel on earth.
B．Take action to protect the earth.
C．Explore in space and discover its secrets.
√
4．What does the speaker expect the listeners to do
A．Share opinions about space travel.
B．Collect information about astronauts.
C．Show respect for Dennis and Martin.
√
主题语境·听说
莉莉和玛丽两个人对神秘的太空充满了好奇，她们在谈论宇航员的生活……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Lily：Hey, Mary. We're going to meet a real astronaut. Isn't it exciting
Mary: Yeah. I can't wait to see Captain Brown!
1.______________________________ (我真的很好奇他在太空的生活).I have plenty of questions to ask him.
I'm really curious about his life in space
Lily: Such as
Mary:Oh, such as “What facilities do they have in space 2.______________________________ (来维持他们的日常生活)？”．
Lily: That sounds like a good question. But I'd also like to know about 3.__________________________ (宇航员怎样睡觉).What do they do so as not to float around while they sleep
Mary: I wonder how they get exercise on space—it's not like 4.____________________________________ (他们能出去慢跑).
to support their daily life
how astronauts sleep
they can go out jogging
Lily: I'd never thought of that. But then, after they exercise, I'm very keen to find out how they wash their clothes.
Mary: Never mind that. I'd really like to find out 5.______________________________ (女宇航员怎样洗头).
Lily: But we are forgetting the most important question of all, aren't we
Mary: And what's that
Lily: Well, I'd really like to find out what they do when they meet aliens.
how women astronauts wash their hairs
02.研学案 素养为本精讲精练
探·听力发音技巧
句子的重音
发音技巧
1．功能：体现句子的节奏感和韵律感，突出重点，使听者更容易理解。
2．哪些词在句子中需重读？
一般来说，在句子中需重读的词都是实词，比如：名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、代词等。不重读的多为虚词，比如：冠词、连词、介词、感叹词等。
例如：
The streets are wide and clean．
I am so glad to see you again．
3．其他需要重读的情况
(1)强调或突出某个虚词或be动词时，应将其重读。
—Are you a student
—Yes, I am．
(2)介词在句首时往往要重读。
On my way to school，my bike was broken.
(3)be动词及助动词和not结合时要重读。
Didn't I tell you yesterday
(4)句子末尾的be动词和助动词一般要重读。
注意：上文刚出现过的并且重读的单词，第二次提到时一般不再重读。
听词辩音
1．听单词选出每组中重音位置不同的单词。
(1)①apple　　　　②carry　　　　③above
(2)①family ②ago ③combine
(3)①window ②problem ③attack
(4)①repair ②picture ③begin
√
√
√
√
2．听录音标出以下句子中的单词的重音。
①It's a desk.
②Open your mouth.
③I have three red pencils.
答案：①It's a 'desk.　②'Open your 'mouth.
③I have 'three 'red 'pencils.
学·语言要点知识
1)mental adj.精神的；思想的
(1)mental development 智力发展
physical and mental health 身心健康
(2)mentally adv. 精神上地；智力上地
[练透]　单句语法填空
①You can keep physically and ________ (mental) healthy if you work out regularly.
[写美]　完成句子
②毫无疑问，锻炼对智力发展有好处。
There is no doubt that taking exercise _______________________．
③我觉得身体和精神都非常健康。
I felt extremely fit, _______________________________________．
mentally
is good for mental development
both physically and mentally
2)intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
(1)an intelligent student 一位聪明的学生
(2)intelligence n. 智慧，智力
intelligence test 智力测试
[练透]　单句语法填空
①George is organised, easy-going, hard-working, and ________ (intelligence). In a word, I can't think too highly of him.
②Artificial ________ (intelligent), such as ChatGPT, will influence people's life in many ways.
intelligent
intelligence
[写美]　完成句子
③苏珊是一个很聪明的女人，她知道自己的想法。
Susan is a woman ____________________________________， who knows her own mind.
of high intelligence
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．When robots become extremely ________ (有智慧的) one day, what will happen to our earth
2．The ________ (宇航员) explains the reasons patiently to satisfy the little boy's curiosity.
3．The chairman was quite familiar with the ________ (步骤) for conducting a meeting.
intelligent
astronaut
procedure
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．He left school after a series of accidents ____________________________ (9岁时).
2．He ________________________ (渴望知道) how to carry out the procedure.
3．As is known to us, taking regular exercise _________________________________ (对身心发展有好处).
at the age of nine
is curious to know
is good for mental and physical development
03.晚练(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分）
A　体裁： 记叙文　主题语境：回忆童年美好生活　难度：★★☆☆☆
[2024·辽宁省实验中学期末]My childhood was a painted picture of sunny sky and rolling green fields stretching to the horizon. It tasted of sharp berries and smelt of sour grapes. My family lived in a cabin （小木屋） in the countryside but I lived in my mother's arms. They were so delicate but strong, her red hair falling around me like a curtain separating me from the world.
Childhood was simple. The borders of my village were the furthest my troubles went and monsters only lived in the pages of books. Every day was a waking dream of running races and muddy knees. My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions. There weren't many children but me and the other boys; boys of butchers and sellers formed our own group.
They called us wild. I suppose we were. Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.
My most vivid memories from boyhood center around that lake. Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged（淹没）， time would suspend, movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.
I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.
For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.
We should have known that it wouldn't last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there's something so tragic about growing up: to have your perspective on the people and life around you change; to always struggle to reach a mirror only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day. And find, a different person staring back out at you.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描绘了作者对于童年美好生活的回忆以及对于长大后童年时光逝去的感伤。
1．What does the underlined word “archaic” mean in Paragraph 2？(　　)
A．Borderless. B．Valueless.
C．Old-fashioned. D．Poverty-stricken.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据考查词汇所在句子“My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions.”，并结合上下文语境可知此处是描写作者小时候生活的村庄很陈旧。archaic意为“陈旧的”。故选C。
2．Why did the author consider himself and other children wild？(　　)
A．They played in the woods crazily.
B．They tricked others purposefully.
C．They frequently broke social rules.
D．They firmly refused school education.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once.”可知，之所以作者认为自己和其他孩子都是野孩子，是因为他们在树林里疯狂地玩耍。故选A。
3．How does the author introduce his memories of the lake？(　　)
A．By sharing feelings.
B．By expressing ideas.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By describing characters.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四至六段的“Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outcry from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged （淹没）， time would suspend, movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.”和“I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning.”以及“For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would suspend, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.”可知，作者从自己当时的所见、所闻、所感等多个层面描绘了自己童年时对于湖的回忆。故选A。
4．What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Loneliness and challenges make a man grow up.
B．The regret of growth is that you have never tried.
C．Growth is often accompanied by sad goodbyes to the past.
D．Growth begins when we begin to accept our own weakness.
答案：C
解析：段落大意题。通读文章最后一段可知，作者在最后一段似乎传达了“成长常常伴随着对过去的悲伤告别。”故选C。
B　体裁：说明文　主题语境：无法看到月球背面的原因　难度：★★★★☆
[2024·济南市高一下学期期末]We can see the moon every day, but in fact, humans have not been able to see the true face of the moon. For example, we all view the same side of it—the near side. So why don't we ever see the far side of the moon
The secret behind this fascinating mystery is “tidal locking （潮汐锁定）”. To better understand it, let's imagine two friends holding hands and turning around. As they turn, they always face each other because they're locked in position by their hands. Similarly, the moon is locked to Earth by tidal force, which means it takes just as long for the moon to turn about its axis （轴） as it does to go around Earth. As a result, we always see the same side of the moon from our position on Earth, while the opposite side, known as the far side or the dark side, remains hidden from view.
Now, you might be wondering why people use the term “dark side” when referring to the far side of the moon. Contrary to popular belief, the far side isn't always in darkness. Like the near side, it experiences day and night. However, since we can't observe it from Earth, it often lies in mystery, and thus it gets this name.
Although we'll never see the far side of the moon directly from Earth, humanity has found ways to explore it. Several spacecrafts have taken photos which furthered our understanding of the lunar far side.
In June 2024, China's Chang'e 6 made a soft landing on the far side of the moon and sent back more closeup photos. It brought back soil and rocks collected from there, opening a new chapter in lunar exploration and enabling scientists to discover what they didn't know about the moon.
There is still so much more to explore on the lunar far side. For example, the far side of the moon is a rare and quiet place free from radio signals reflecting from our planet, which allows scientists to study space phenomena with greater clarity, making it a perfect location for studying space using radio waves.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类无法看到月球背面的原因。
5．How does the writer explain “tidal locking” in Paragraph 2？(　　)
A．By analyzing data.
B．By quoting a study.
C．By giving an example.
D．By comparing findings.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，通过举两个朋友牵手转身过来的例子，来说明潮汐锁定。故选C。
6．What is a common misunderstanding of the far side of the moon？(　　)
A．There lives unknown life.
B．It shouldn't be disturbed.
C．It is visible from Earth.
D．There is no sunlight.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Now, you might be wondering why people use the term ‘dark side’ when referring to the far side of the moon. Contrary to popular belief, the far side isn't always in darkness. Like the near side, it experiences day and night.”可知，普遍的看法是月球的背面总是黑暗的，没有阳光的。故选D。
7．Why is Chang'e 6 mentioned in Paragraph 4？(　　)
A．To share a well-known legend.
B．To explain its working principle.
C．To promote an advanced technology.
D．To show efforts of lunar exploration.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“In June 2024, China's Chang'e 6 made a soft landing on the far side of the moon and sent back more closeup photos. It brought back soil and rocks collected from there, opening a new chapter in lunar exploration and enabling scientists to discover what they didn't know about the moon.”可知，嫦娥六号通过特写照片以及带回收集的土壤和岩石来展示月球探索的成果。故选D。
8．What is the last paragraph mainly about？(　　)
A．Hidden value of the lunar far side.
B．Detailed information of mysteries.
C．Special advantages of radio waves.
D．Brief reviews of moon exploration.
答案：A
解析：段落大意题。根据文章最后一段中“For example, the far side of the moon is a rare and quiet place free from radio signals reflecting from our planet, which allows scientists to study space phenomena with greater clarity, making it a perfect location for studying space using radio waves.”可知，最后一段主要说明的是月球背面的隐藏价值。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
体裁： 说明文　主题语境：月球探索 　难度：★★★☆☆
[2024·辽宁省部分高中高一下期末]The moon is a mysterious place that has fascinated humans for centuries. As technology has advanced, our ability to explore the moon has also increased.1(　　)
One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft. 2(　　) These spacecrafts are able to travel to the moon and collect data that help us understand more about its composition, atmosphere, and geological features. By studying the moon, scientists can gain insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system.
Another exciting aspect of lunar exploration is the potential for resource extraction （提取）. 3(　　) They could be used for various purposes, including the production of fuel and building materials. Extracting these resources could help reduce our dependence on Earth-based resources and pave the way for a more sustainable future.
Moreover, lunar exploration also holds the promise of scientific discovery. By studying the moon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the universe and the laws of physics that govern it.4(　　) Furthermore, new scientific theories could revolutionize our understanding of the world.
5(　　) The moon's harsh environment, lack of atmosphere, and extreme temperature variations make it a difficult place to conduct experiments and operations. Despite these challenges, scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in lunar exploration.
In conclusion, lunar exploration is an exciting and important field that offers vast potential for scientific discovery and resource extraction. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see more advancements in this area and a deeper understanding of the moon and its role in our solar system.
A．They can stay on the moon for longer periods of time.
B．However, lunar exploration is not without its challenges.
C．It allows scientists to collect data without risk to human life.
D．This knowledge could lead to advancements in technology.
E．The moon is believed to contain valuable minerals and resources.
F．Here are some of the introductions of the unmanned spacecraft and new study.
G．Here are some of the recent advancements in lunar exploration and its benefits.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了月球探索的最新进展以及好处和挑战。
1．答案：G
解析：根据上文“The moon is a mysterious place that has fascinated humans for centuries. As technology has advanced, our ability to explore the moon has also increased.”以及下一段中“One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft.”可知，本句为过渡句，引出后文月球探索的进展。故G选项“以下是月球探测的一些最新进展及其好处。”符合语境，故选G。
2．答案：C
解析：根据上文“One of the most significant advancements in moon exploration is the use of unmanned spacecraft.”以及后文“These spacecrafts are able to travel to the moon and collect data that help us understand more about its composition, atmosphere, and geological features. By studying the moon, scientists can gain insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system.”可知，本句承接上文，介绍无人航天器的使用情况和好处。故C选项“它允许科学家在不危及人类生命的情况下收集数据。”符合语境，故选C。
3．答案：E
解析：根据后文“They could be used for various purposes, including the production of fuel and building materials. Extracting these resources could help reduce our dependence on Earth-based resources and pave the way for a more sustainable future.”可知，本句主要说明月球上含有可以开采的资源，E选项“minerals and resources”对应后文“these resources”。 故选E。
4．答案：D
解析：根据上文“Moreover, lunar exploration also holds the promise of scientific discovery. By studying the moon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the universe and the laws of physics that govern it.”以及后文“Furthermore, new scientific theories could revolutionize our understanding of the world.”可知，本句承接上文，说明掌握物理定律的好处。故D选项“这种知识可能导致技术的进步。”符合语境，故选D。
5．答案：B
解析：根据后文“The moon's harsh environment, lack of atmosphere, and extreme temperature variations make it a difficult place to conduct experiments and operations. Despite these challenges, scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in lunar exploration.”可知，本段主要介绍了探月的挑战，B选项“challenges”对应后文“challenges”。 故选B。(共35张PPT)
Section Ⅴ　Writing
——关于太空探索的议论文
通·题型解读
议论文是通过剖析事物来论述事理、发表意见或提出主张的一种文体。正反观点类议论文是其中的一种，通常提出某观点或某话题，并指出对此话题产生的两种对立观点，对正反两方面的论点进行论证，最后给出自己的看法。写此类文章时，要做到要点完整、条理清晰、层次分明。在写作时，常用一般现在时。
析·谋篇思路
积·满分素材
夺人眼球开头句
1．My name is Li Hua. Recently, our class had a heated discussion about whether to carry on space exploration.我是李华。最近我们班就是否要进行太空探索展开了激烈的讨论。
2．My name is Li Hua. Our class discussed whether to carry on space exploration or not.
我是李华。我们班就是否进行太空探索展开了讨论。
3．As for the space exploration, different people have different opinions.
对于太空探索，不同的人有不同的看法。
亮点出彩篇中句
1．Space exploration has advantages and disadvantages.
太空探索有利有弊。
2．There are some people who support the idea because space exploration has promoted technological improvements.
有些人支持这个想法，因为太空探索促进了科技进步。
3．Exploring space has already made a great contribution to giving us more information about our solar system and universe.探索太空做出了巨大贡献，给我们提供了更多关于太阳系和宇宙的信息。
4．Some people think space exploration is a waste of time and money.有些人认为太空探索是浪费时间和金钱。
5．Astronauts who are sent into space are faced with many dangers and some even lose their lives.
宇航员进入太空面临着许多危险，有些宇航员甚至失去了生命。
韵味无穷结尾句
1．As the old saying goes, each coin has two sides.
常言道，任何事情都有两面性。
2．I think space exploration benefits the country and the people.我认为太空探索利国利民。
3．I hope our country will make greater progress in space exploration.
我希望我国在太空探索方面取得更大的进步。
练·写作规范
最近，你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况，并谈谈自己的看法。
30%的同学认为太空不值得探索。理由：
1．离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远；
2．浪费金钱。
70%的同学认为太空值得探索。理由：
1．人类已使用卫星进行通讯传播、天气预报；
2．有望解决人口问题。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
?第一步：认真审题　谋篇布局
?第二步：斟词酌句　靓化表达
1．最近，我们班就太空是否值得探索进行了激烈的讨论。
Recently our class has had a heated discussion 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2．我们中的30%（的同学）认为太空不值得探索。他们认为太空探索离我们的日常生活太遥远并且浪费金钱。
30% of us think 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. They hold the belief that space exploration is too far away from our daily life and 　　　　　　　　　　　　．
→_____________________________________________________________（非谓语动词作状语）
on whether space is worth exploring
space exploration is not worthwhile
is a waste of money
30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile, holding the belief that space exploration is too far away from our daily life and is a waste of money.
3．然而，70%的同学持相反的观点。
However, 70% of us 　　　　　　　　　　　．
4．我们从中受益很多，如使用卫星进行通讯传播、天气预报。
We have 　　　　　　　　　　　　， such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast.
5．在我看来，探索太空是值得的。（一句多译）
①_________________________________________________________
②_________________________________________________________ （it 作形式主语）
hold an opposite view
benefited a lot from it
As far as I am concerned，space exploration is worthwhile.
As far as I am concerned，it is worthwhile to explore/exploring space.
6．这不仅能促进社会的发展，也能丰富我们的生活。
It can 　　　　　　　　　　 the development of society ___________________________.
→_________________________________________________________（倒装句）
not only promote
Not only can it promote the development of society but also it can enrich our life.
but also enrich our life
?第三步：合理过渡　完美卷面
参考范文：
Recently our class has had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring.Students hold different ideas about it.
30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile, holding the belief that space exploration is too far away from our daily life and is a waste of money. However, 70% of us hold an opposite view because we have benefited a lot from space exploration，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What's more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day.
As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also it can enrich our life.
晚练(五)默写练习一
Ⅰ.默写重点单词（每空2分，满分40分）
1．　　　　 n．宇航员；太空人
2．　　　　 n．程序；步骤；手续
3．　　　　 n．重力；引力
4．　　　　 n．交通工具；车辆
5．　　　　 vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
6．　　　　 n．（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
astronaut
procedure
gravity
vehicle
launch
orbit
7．　　　　 adj.巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人
8．　　　　adj.有智慧的，聪明的；有智力的→　　　　 n．智慧
9．　　　　 adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→　　　　 vt.查明；确定；决定→　　　　　　 n．决心；果断
10．　　　　 n．（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处→　　　　 .n．代理人，代理商，经纪人
11．　　　　　 adj.失望的；沮丧的→　　　　 vt.使失望→　　　　　　 .adj.令人失望的→　　　　　　 n．失望；沮丧
12．　　　　 n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→　　　　 adj.令人向往的；值得做的
giant
intelligent
intelligence
determined
determine
determination
agency
agent
disappointed
disappoint
disappointing
disappointment
desire
desirable
Ⅱ.词形变化填空（每空2分，满分10分）
1．Use your　　　　　 (intelligent) and you can settle the challenge.
2．Only a small minority of the 　　　　 (mental) ill tend to harm themselves or others.
3．It was my 　　　　　　 (determine) and desire for knowledge that made me succeed at last.
4．To my great 　　　　　　 (disappoint)，the dress I bought just now doesn't really suit me.
5．To gain 　　　　　　 (independent) from my parents，I would earn a living on my own.
intelligence
mentally
determination
disappointment
independence
Ⅲ.默写核心短语（每空2分，满分20分）
1．　　　　　　　　　　　　继续做，坚持干
2．　　　　　　　　　　 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3．　　　　　　　　　　 抱着……的希望
4．　　　　　　　　　　 为了；以便
5．be determined to do sth. 　　　　　　　　.
6．realise one's dream 　　　　　　　　 .
carry on
on board
in the hope of doing sth.
so as to (do) sth.
决心做某事
实现某人的梦想
7．to this day 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
8．focus on/upon 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
9．make sure 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
10．go wrong 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
至今；直到今天
集中于
确保
出现问题，发生故障，出毛病
Ⅳ.选词填空（每空2分，满分10分）
从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子
1．Only when you 　　　　　　 your learning can you make a great deal of progress.
2．He was determined to work hard 　　　　　　 achieve his initial goal.
focus on/upon
so as to
3．As far as I know, the six astronauts 　　　　　　 will spend six months in space.
4．I will lend you some money 　　　　　　 assisting you to solve your financial dilemma.
5．Although faced with so many difficulties, they still 　　　　　　 。with their research.
on board
in the hope of
carried on
Ⅴ.微写作（满分20分）
结合课文主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文
1．我渴望(keen)当一名宇航员去探索宇宙的奥秘。
2．为了实现我的理想，我决心(determine)努力学习，掌握足够的(sufficient)文化知识，定期锻炼身体。
3．我知道，在宇宙探索中，一个小小的错误就可能会导致灾难性的(fatal)后果。
4．所以，我必须养成认真和独立思考的习惯，弄清(figure out)事物的真正原因。
5．我渴望(desire)成功，相信自己不会让父母和自己失望。
参考范文：
I am keen to become an astronaut to explore the mystery of the universe.I am determined to study hard to gain sufficient knowledge and exercise regularly in the hope of realizing my dream. I know, a slight error can result in fatal outcome in space exploration.So I must form the habit of being careful and thinking independently to figure out how things work.I desire to succeed and I am sure I won't make my parents and myself disappointed.
晚练(五)默写练习二
Ⅰ.默写重点单词（每空2分，满分40分）
1．　　　　 vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
2．　　　　 adv.否则；要不然
3．　　　　 prep.在更远处；超出
4．　　　　 adj.太阳的；太阳能的
5．　　　　 adj.足够的；充足的
6．　　　　 n．设施；设备
7．　　　　 adj.热衷的；渴望的
float
otherwise
beyond
solar
sufficient
facility
keen
8．　　　　 adj.致命的；灾难性的
9．　　　　 adj.肤浅的；浅的
10．　　　　 n．模式；图案；模范
11．　　　　 n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏→　　　　 adj.缺乏的；不足的
12．　　　　 adj.当前的；现在的 n．水流；电流；思潮→　　　　 .adv.现时；当前
fatal
shallow
pattern
lack
lacking
current
currently
13．　　　　 n．(pl.analyses)（对事物的）分析；分析结果→　　　　 .v．分析
14．　　　　 adj.有限的→　　　　 adj.无限的→　　　　 vt.& n．限制→　　　　 n．局限，限制性条件
analysis
analyz(s)e
limited
limitless
limit
limitation
Ⅱ.词形变化填空 （每空3分，满分15分）
1．In closing，we were 　　　　 (attach) to this house.
2．There was a heated 　　　　 about whether he was suitable for the position, and most of the people 　　　　 for him.(argue)
3．You can keep physically and mentally healthy if you work out 　　　　 。(regular).
4．All the countries have been working together in the hope of slowing down 　　　　 (globe) warming.
attached
argument
argued
regularly
global
Ⅲ.默写核心短语（每空2分，满分20分）
1．　　　　　　　太阳系；类太阳系
2．　　　　　　 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
3．　　　　　　 导致；造成
4．　　　　　　 结果（是）；所以
5．　　　　　　 提供生活所需
6．　　　　　　 最后
solar system
figure out
result in
as a result
provide for sb.
in closing
7．　　　　　　 用完；耗尽（物作主语）
8．a lack of 　　　　　　 .
9．more than 　　　　　　 .
10．all kinds of 　　　　　　.
run out
缺乏
多于
各种各样的
Ⅳ.选词填空（每空2分，满分10分）
从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子
1．Lacking relevant knowledge，he is not good at 　　　　　　 such problems.
2．My car broke down on the way to the beach because petrol had 　　　　　　．
figuring out
run out
3．My laziness has 　　　　　　 my current terrible situation.
4．　　　　　　， I would like to remind you that each person has a gift and a purpose in life.
5．The agency has launched 　　　　　　 campaigns to arouse the citizens' awareness of protecting the environment.
resulted in
In closing
all kinds of
Ⅴ.语法填空（每空1.5分，满分15分）
文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇
Mankind has been devoted to 1.　　　　 (explore) space for thousands of years in the hope of figuring out the mysteries of the universe. For lack of oxygen，2.　　　　 (send) intelligent as well as independent astronauts to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal 3.　　　　 (achieve).Scientists are keen 4.　　　　 making facilities like rockets，giant spacecrafts and satellites 5.　　　　 can get rid of the Earth's gravity and are determined to assist humans to realise 6.　　　　 (they) dream.
exploring
sending
to achieve
on
that/which
their
Although fatal disasters make everyone sad and 7. 　　　　　　.　　　 (disappoint)，the desire to explore the universe never dies. This is 8.　　　　 . they attach importance to carrying on space exploration. Space exploration can provide sufficient resources for us. After all，9.　　　　 .(limit) resources on the Earth are running out. Through the efforts of scientists all over the globe，we 10.　　　　　　　　 (launch) many satellites that orbit the Earth in the last decade. These satellites can transmit significant data back.
disappointed
because
limited
have launched

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