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人称代词、物主代词、反身代词整合速记手册
一、核心对照表
人称 数 人称代词（主格） 人称代词（宾格） 物主代词 （形容词性） 物主代词 （名词性） 反身代词
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
第一人称 复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
第二人称 复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 他 he him his his himself
第三人称 单数 她 she her her hers herself
第三人称 单数 它 it it its its itself
第三人称 复数 they them their theirs themselves
二、核心用法提示
1. 人称代词
- 主格作主语（如：I am a student.）；
- 宾格作宾语，置于动词或介词后（如：Please help me.）；
- you/it主宾同形，其余需区分清楚。
2. 物主代词（有名则形、无名则名）
- 形容词性后接名词（如：This is my pen.）；
- 名词性相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，后不接名词（如：This pen is mine.）；
- 核心逻辑：形物+名=名物，避免名词重复。
3. 反身代词
- 动作回指主语（如：She teaches herself English.）；
- 不可独立作主语，可作宾语、强调成分；
- 固定搭配：enjoy oneself（玩得开心）、teach oneself（自学）、by oneself（独自）
三、易混代词对比例句（5组）
类别 错误例句 正确例句 错误原因
I/me（主格vs宾格） Me am a teacher. I am a teacher. 主格作主语，宾格不可作主语
my/mine （形物vs名物） This is mine book. This is my book. 形物代后需接名词
her/hers（形物vs名物） The red bag is her. The red bag is hers. 名物代独立使用，不接名词
its/it's（物主vs缩写） Its a sunny day. It's a sunny day. it's=it is，its表“它的”
yourself/yourselves （单复） You all prepare by yourself. You all prepare by yourselves. 主语复数，反身代词用复数
四、核心记忆口诀（3条）
1. **人称代词口诀**：主格动前作主语，动后介后用宾格；you/it主宾同形，其余分清别出错。
2. **物主代词口诀**：有名则形、无名则名；形物+名=名物，替代名词不重复。
3. **反身代词口诀**：反身指代主语身，单数-self复-selves；一二人称形物加，第三人称宾格搭。
五、针对性单句改错题（附解析）
序号 原句（错误） 改后句（正确） 错误原因
1 Me and my friend are going to school. My friend and I are going to school. 主格作主语；并列主语遵循“二三一”礼貌顺序
2 This is mine pencil. This is my pencil. 形物代my后接名词，名物代mine不接名词
3 She teaches she English . She teaches herself English. 主语宾语同一人，用反身代词；固定搭配teach oneself
4 You should finish by yourself, boys. You should finish by yourselves, boys. 主语you表复数，反身代词用yourselves
5 Its a lovely dog. It's a lovely dog. it's是it is缩写，its是物主代词
人称代词与物主代词用法
第一大题：单项选择
1. This is ______ brother. ______ name is Jack.
A. my; His B. I; He C. me; Him D. mine; His
2. — Is ______ your sister — Yes, ______ is.
A. her; she B. she; her C. her; her D. she; she
3. ______ am Lily. ______ school is No.3 Middle School.
A. I; My B. My; I C. Me; Mine D. I; Mine
4. — What’s ______ name — ______ name is Linda.
A. her; She B. she; Her C. her; Her D. she; She
5. This isn’t ______ pen. ______ is green.
A. my; My B. mine; My C. my; Mine D. mine; Mine
6. Let ______ help ______ with your math.
A. I; you B. me; you C. my; your D. me; your
7. ______ father is a driver. ______ works in a company.
A. He; His B. His; He C. His; His D. He; He
8. — Are these ______ books — Yes, they are ______.
A. your; my B. you; mine C. your; mine D. you; my
9. ______ and ______ are good friends.
A. She; I B. Her; Me C. She; Me D. Her; I
10. — Is this ______ bag
— No, it’s not ______. It’s Tom’s.
A. your; my B. you; mine C. your; mine D. you; my
11. ______ mother often helps ______ with my homework.
A. I; me B. My; I C. My; me D. I; my
12. — Where is ______ pencil box
— ______ is on the chair.
A. your; It B. you; It C. your; Its D. you; Its
13. ______ are in Class 1. ______ teacher is Mr. Li.
A. We; Our B. Us; Our C. We; Ours D. Us; Ours
14. Let ______ give ______ a pencil.
A. he; she B. him; her C. his; her D. him; she
15. This is ______ cat. ______ name is Mimi.
A. I; Its B. my; Its C. my; It’s D. I; It’s
16. — Who teaches ______ English
— Miss Wang teaches ______.
A. you; we B. your; us C. you; us D. your; we
17. ______ is a boy. ______ name is Mike.
A. He; His B. His; He C. He; He D. His; His
18. These are ______ desks. ______ are over there.
A. our; Their B. ours; Theirs C. our; Theirs D. ours; Their
19. — Is this ______ eraser — No, it’s ______.
A. her; his B. hers; his C. her; him D. hers; him
20. ______ sister is a doctor. ______ works in a hospital.
A. My; She B. I; She C. My; Her D. I; Her
21. Let ______ go to the zoo together.
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
22. — What’s ______ favorite sport — ______ favorite sport is football.
A. you; My B. your; I C. your; My D. you; I
23. ______ and ______ classroom is bright and clean.
A. They; their B. Them; their C. They; theirs D. Them; theirs
24. This is not ______ ruler. ______ is brown.
A. his; He B. him; His C. his; His D. him; He
25. — Help ______ to some fruits, children. — Thank you.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. your D. you
26. ______ am Tom. ______ phone number is 13700137000.
A. I; My B. My; I C. Me; Mine D. I; Mine
27. — Is that ______ mother — Yes, ______ is.
A. she; she B. her; she C. her; her D. she; her
28. ______ friends are from Guangzhou. ______ are very kind.
A. My; They B. I; Them C. My; Them D. I; They
29. This is ______ dog. ______ likes playing with toys.
A. he; It B. his; It C. his; He D. he; He
30. — What’s ______ name — ______ is Sarah.
A. her; She B. hers; She C. her; Her D. hers; Her
31. — Are those ______ pencils — Yes, they are ______.
A. their; theirs B. them; their C. their; their D. them; theirs
32. ______ often helps ______ with English.
A. She; I B. Her; me C. She; me D. Her; I
33. This is not ______ bag. ______ is red.
A. her; Her B. hers; Her C. her; Hers D. hers; Hers
34. — Who is ______ — ______ is my brother.
A. he; He B. him; He C. he; His D. him; His
35. ______ classroom is on the first floor. ______ is on the third floor.
A. Our; Their B. Ours; Theirs C. Our; Theirs D. Ours; Their
36. Let ______ show ______ around our school.
A. me; you B. I; your C. my; you D. me; your
37. ______ father and ______ father are colleagues.
A. He; I B. His; my C. His; I D. He; my
38. — Is this ______ eraser — Yes, it’s ______. Thank you.
A. your; my B. you; mine C. your; mine D. you; my
39. ______ are students. ______ teacher likes ______ very much.
A. We; Our; us B. Us; Our; we C. We; Ours; us D. Us; Ours; we
40. — Help ______ with my bag, please. — No problem.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
第二大题：根据中文提示完成英文句子
1. 这是 （我的）朋友。（他）很有趣。
This is ______ friend. ______ is very funny.
2. — 那是 （你的）妹妹吗？ — 是的，（她）是。
— Is that ______ sister — Yes, ______ is.
3. （我）是一名中学生。（我的）学校很大。
____ am a middle school student. _____ school is very big.
4.— ____他的名字是什么？ — ____他的名字是林涛。
— What’s ______ name — ______ name is Lin Tao.
5. 这不是 （我的）铅笔。（我的）是黑色的。
This isn’t ______ pencil. ______ is black.
6. 让 ______（我）帮助 ______（你）学习语文吧。
Let ______ help ______ with your Chinese.
7. （他的）妈妈是一名护士。她在一家医院工作。
______ mother is a nurse. ______ works in a hospital.
8. 这些是 （我们的）书包。（它们）在桌子下面。
These are ______ schoolbags. ______ are under the desk.
— 这些是 你的书吗？— 不，它们是玛丽的。
— Are these ______ books — No, ______ are Mary’s.
10. ______她和 我是同班同学。我们经常一起学习。
______ and ______ are classmates. ______ often study together.
第三大题：句型转换
1. This is my book.（对划线部分提问）
______ this ______ book
2. That is her pen.（改为否定句）
That ______ ______ pen.
3. These are our desks.（改为单数句）
This is ______ ______.
4. Is this his ruler （作肯定回答）Yes, ______ ______.
5. Those are their bags.（改为同义句）
Those bags ______ ______.
6. My favorite color is pink.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ favorite color
7. This is Tom’s pencil box.（改为一般疑问句）
______ this ______ pencil box
8. That is not my eraser.（改为同义句）
That eraser ______ ______.
9. These are her books.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ these
10. His name is Jack.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ name
11. We are good classmates.（改为一般疑问句）
______ ______ good classmates
12. This is your classroom.（改为否定句）
This ______ ______ your classroom.
13. Her phone number is 1380000.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ phone number
14. These are our pencils.（改为同义句）
These pencils ______ ______.
15. This is not her ruler.（改为同义句）
This ruler ______ ______.
第四大题：选词填空
1. ______ am a student. ______ school is No.2 Middle School.
2. — What’s ______ name — ______ name is Emma.
3. ______ is a bird. ______ name is Tweetie.
4. Let ______ help ______ with the heavy bag.
5. ______ are good friends. ______ often play games together.
6. — Is this ______ ruler — Yes, it’s ______.
7. ______ father is a teacher. ______ works in a primary school.
8. ______ classroom is on the third floor. ______ like ______ classroom very much.
9. — Who teaches ______ English
— Mr. Zhang teaches ______.
10. These are ______ books. ______ are very interesting.
Be动词练习口诀（一般现在时态）
I用am,you用are,is跟着he，she，it
单数is，复数are，不可数名词用is
（找主语，定be动词）
一.单项选择
1.___you Alice
A. Are B. Am C. Is
2.Where_____ she from
A. is B. are C. be
3.The pencil box____yellow and white.
A. are B. am C. is
4.-Are you Lily’s sister -Yes,I___.
A. is B. am C. be
5.____Ella and Emma in the same class
A. Is B. Am C. Are
6.-How old are you,Peter -I___twelve years old.
A. am B. was C. are
7. My favourite food____Beijing roast duck.
A. be B. is C. are
8.What class ____Peter’s sister in
A. is B. am C. are
9.There_____any apples on the table.But there_____some apple juice.
A. are;are B. aren’t; isn’t C. aren’t;is
10.Mum,this is my friend Emma.We____in the same class.
A. is B. are C. was
二.用be动词的适当形式填空
1.There_____some sheep on my uncle’s farm.
2.My grandma______sixty years old.
3.The weather_____sunny and warm.
4.Peter and Jane____classmates.
5.The traffic light _____red now.
6.It___a white and black bird.I like it very much.
7.Most of the girls____from China in this college.
8.-Who ___ that - It’s a parrot.
9.My favourite sports___basketball and football.
10.Her last name_____ Brown.
三.语法填空
1. Hello, my name is David.I ___ eleven years old.My last name ____ Green.I have a brother.His name ____ Jack.He is six years old.We have some same hobbies.We both like watching TV and drawing.So we ___ good friends, too.This___ my family photo.That man___my father,on the left.That woman is my mother.She____a teacher in Sunshine School.They___my grandparents in the middle of this photo.I have a big family.
2. Look!Here___two photos on the wall.The wall___white.The man in the first photo is my father.He ____tall and strong.Next to him ___ my mother.She is very kind and she likes cooking.The next photo ___very nice.You can see two little boys in it.They___ very glad to play with a lovely dog.Can you guess who they____.Haha, they are my elder brother and I.
四.句型转换
1.Jack’s father is in the study now.(改为一般疑问句）
2.Is your English teacher kind (作肯定回答）
3.I am ten years old.(改一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
4.Are your sister and brother twins (作否定回答）
5.Is the ruler your brother’s (作否定回答）
6.Jim’s watch is the same as his brother’s.(改为一般疑问句）
7.We are from different classes.(改为一般疑问句）
名词单数变复数
一．名词单数变复数规则：
1.一般情况：直接 + s
book → books, cat → cats
以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾：+ es
bus → buses, box → boxes, watch → watches,
brush → brushes
以辅音字母 + y 结尾：改 y 为 i + es
city → cities, baby → babies
以元音字母 + y 结尾：+ s
boy → boys, toy → toys
以 o 结尾：无生命 + s
photo → photos, piano → pianos
以 o 结尾：有生命 + es
tomato → tomatoes, potato → potatoes
以 f/fe 结尾：多数变 v + es
leaf → leaves, knife → knives
以 f/fe 结尾：少数直接 + s
roof → roofs, belief → beliefs
内部元音变化
man → men, foot → feet, tooth → teeth
单复数同形
sheep → sheep, deer → deer, fish → fish
特殊形式
child → children, ox → oxen, mouse → mice
二．测试题
（一）基础规则（直接写出复数形式）
1. book → ______2. cat → ______3. bus → ______4. box → ______
5. city → ______6. baby → ______7. boy → ______8. toy → ______
9. photo → ______10. tomato → ______
以 f/fe 结尾
leaf → ______12. knife → ______13. roof → ______14. belief → ______
特殊变化
15. man → ______16. woman → ______17. foot → ______18. tooth → ______
19. child → ______20. mouse → ______
单复数同形
sheep → ______22. deer → ______23. fish → ______
（二）请在空格中填入括号内名词的正确复数形式：
1. I have two ______ in my bag. (book)
2. There are three ______ playing in the yard. (dog)
3. The ______ are waiting at the bus stop. (child)
4. She bought five ______ from the market. (tomato)
5. My ______ hurt after running. (foot)
6. We saw many ______ in the forest. (deer)
7. The ______ are flying south for the winter. (goose)
8. Please put the ______ on the table. (knife)
9. I need new ______ for my shoes. (brush)
10. The ______ are singing in the tree. (bird)
11. There are several ______ in the kitchen. (box)
12. The ______ are building a new house. (man)
13. We found some ______ on the beach. (shell)
14. The ______ are very sharp. (knife)
15. She has three ______ as pets. (fish)
16. The ______ are reading quietly. (student)
17. He gave me two ______ for my birthday. (gift)
18. The ______ are green in summer. (leaf)
19. I saw many ______ in the museum. (photo)
20. The ______ are working hard. (woman)
名词所有格
定义：名词所有格用来表示"谁的"或"某物与某物之间的所属关系"。
一．基本构成
1. 单数名词
在词尾加 's例：the boy's book（男孩的书）
2. 复数名词
以s结尾的复数：只加 ' 例：the students' books（学生们的书）
不以s结尾的复数：加 's例：children's toys（孩子们的玩具）
二．特殊情况
1.共同所有：只在最后一个名词加 's
例：Tom and Jerry's room（汤姆和杰瑞共有的房间）
2.分别所有：每个名词都加 's
例：Tom's and Jerry's rooms（汤姆和杰瑞各自的房间）用法
三.易错点
不要混淆 it's（it is/has）和 its（它的）
五．名词所有格练习题
1.This is ____ (Lily) pen.
2.The ____ (children) toys are on the floor.
3. We visited ____ (Tom and Jerry) house last week.
4.These are ____ (the students) books.
5.The ____ (dog) tail is very long.
6. ____ (John and Mary) parents are coming to dinner.
7.The ____ (teachers) room is on the second floor.
8. The ____ (girls) dresses are beautiful.

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