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译林版英语八年级上册Unit 8 Safe and sound Grammar-Further study 单词讲解
1. heavily adv. 大量地 形容词：heavy（重的；大量的）
搭配rain heavily（下大雨） snow heavily（下大雪）
练习题
① It rained ______ (heavy) last night, so the ground is wet.
② The snow is falling ______ (heavy) now.
2. guess vt.&vi. 猜测，估计 第三人称单数：guesses；过去式 / 分词：guessed；现在分词：guessing
搭配 guess the answer（猜答案） guess at（猜测）
练习题
① Can you ______ (猜) how old he is
② She ______ (guess) wrong about the result of the game.
3 hat n.（常指带檐的）帽子 复数：hats
搭配 wear a hat（戴帽子） take off one’s hat（摘下帽子）
练习题
①These hats may be those (tour).They are taking photos over there.
② There are many beautiful ______ (hat) in the shop.
4. clear vt. 清除，清理；adj. 清晰的 副词：clearly（清晰地）；过去式 / 分词：cleared
搭配 clear the table（清理桌子） clear up（放晴；清理）
练习题
① Please ______ (清理) the dishes after dinner.
② The sky ______ (clear) up after the rain.
5. policeman n.（男）警察 复数：policemen
搭配 call a policeman（叫警察） traffic policeman（交通警察）
练习题
① Two ______ (policeman) came to help us with the problem.
② You can ask the traffic policeman for ______ ( direction).
6. ache n.&vi. 疼痛 第三人称单数：aches；过去式 / 分词：ached
用搭配head ache（头痛） ache all over（浑身疼痛）
练习题
① I have a head ______ (疼痛) because I stayed up late.
② Her legs ______ (ache) after running 5 kilometers.
7. postman n. 邮递员 复数：postmen
搭配 postman delivers letters（邮递员送信） meet the postman（遇见邮递员）
练习题
① The ______ (邮递员) brings letters to our house every morning.
② There are three ______ (postman) working in this town.
8. airport n. 机场 复数：airports
搭配 go to the airport（去机场） international airport（国际机场）
练习题
① We need to leave early to get to the ______ (机场) on time.
② This city has a new ______ (国际的) airport.
9. passport n. 护照 复数：passports
搭配carry a passport（携带护照） passport photo（护照照片）
练习题
① You must carry a ______ (护照) when you travel abroad.
② Could you please show your ______(passport), ladies and gentlemen
10. close adj. 差一点儿，险些；v. 关闭 副词：closely（紧密地）；比较级：closer
搭配 close call（侥幸脱险） close to（靠近）
练习题
① It was a ______ (险些) call—the car almost hit us.
② Our house is ______ ______ the park.我们的房子距离公园很近。
11. report vi.&vt. 报道；汇报；n. 报道 过去式 / 分词：reported；名词：reporter（记者）
搭配 report the news（报道新闻） report to（向…… 汇报）
练习题
① Look!The journalist ______ (report) the accident to the newspaper.
② You need ______ (report) to your manager every week.
12. bush fire n. 山林大火（固定短语） 复数：bush fires
搭配 put out a bush fire（扑灭山林大火） be caused by a bush fire（由山林大火引起）
练习题
① Many animals lost their homes in the ______ ______(山林大火).
② Bush fires （hit）parts of Australia yesterday.
13. so far 迄今为止（固定短语）=up to now---现在完成时的标志词（have/has+done)
搭配 so far this year（今年到目前为止） so far so good（到目前为止一切顺利）
练习题
① ______ (到目前为止), we have finished half of the work.
② So far,the government (take) action to deal with plastic pollution.
14. including prep. 包括…… 在内 动词：include（包括）
搭配 including me（包括我在内） all people including（包括…… 在内的所有人）
练习题
① Ten students went to the museum, ______ (include) Lily.
② The price ______ (include) breakfast and dinner.
15. sign n. 标牌，指示牌；v. 签名 复数：signs；过去式 / 分词：signed
搭配 road sign（道路指示牌） sign one’s name（签名）
练习题
① What do these (sign) mean
② He ______ (sign) his name on the document(文件).
16. avoid vt. 避免，防止 过去式 / 分词：avoided；现在分词：avoiding
搭配 avoid doing sth.（避免做某事） avoid danger（避免危险）
练习题
① We should avoid______ (eat) too much junk food.
② He ______ (avoid) the car accident by driving carefully.
17. wound n. 伤，伤口；v. 使受伤 复数：wounds；过去式 / 分词：wounded
搭配 deep wound（深伤口） get wounded（受伤） be wounded with(被......所伤)
练习题
① The soldier had a deep ______ (伤口) on his arm.
② Many people got ______ (wound) in the accident.
③The young man was (wound) with a knife and bled to death.
18. bleed vi. 流血，失血 过去式 / 分词：bled；现在分词：bleeding blood n.血液
搭配 bleed heavily（大量流血） stop bleeding（止血） bleed to death(流血而死)
练习题
① His nose ______ (bleed) after he fell down.
② We need to stop ______ (bleed) before the doctor comes.
③His clothes were covered with (bleed).
19. press vt.&vi. 按，压 第三人称单数：presses；过去式 / 分词：pressed；名词：pressure（压力）
搭配 press the button（按按钮） press down（按下）
练习题
① Please ______ (按压) the button to start the machine.
② He ______ (press) the doorbell and waited for someone to open.
20. firmly adv. 紧紧地 形容词：firm（坚固的；坚定的）
搭配 hold firmly（紧紧握住） firmly believe（坚信）
练习题
① She held ______ (firm) her mother’s hand in the crowd.
② I ______ (firm) believe that he will keep his promise.
21. right away 立即，马上（固定短语）
搭配 do sth. right away（立即做某事） call right away（马上打电话）
练习题
① You need to go to the hospital ______ ______(立刻) if you feel sick.
② Please call me right away when you ______ (arrive).
22. tidal wave n. 海啸，潮汐波（固定短语） 复数：tidal waves
搭配 be hit by a tidal wave（遭受海啸袭击） tidal wave warning（海啸预警）
练习题
① The coastal city was hit by a ______ (海啸) last year.
② We need to follow the tidal wave ______ (warn) to stay safe.
23. warn vt.&vi. 警告，告诫 第三人称单数：warns；过去式 / 分词：warned；名词：warning（警告）
搭配 warn sb. （not）to do sth.警告某人(不要)做某事 warn about（警告关于……）
练习题
① The teacher warned us ______ (not run) in the hallway.
② The sign ______ (warn) people about the dangerous dog.
参考答案：
heavily；heavily
guess；guessed
tourists’;hats
clear;cleared
policemen;directions
ache；ached
postman；postmen
airport；international
passport；passports
close；close to
is reporting;to report
bush fire;hit
So far;has taken
including;includes
signs;signed
eating;avoided
wound;wounded;wounded
bled；bleeding;blood
press；pressed
firmly；firmly
right away;arrive
tidal wave；warning
not to run；warns

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