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Unit 4 词汇复习讲义
班级：________ 小组：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________
第一部分 核心短语精讲精练
一、知识点梳理
类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项
自然生物类 bamboo shoots / ginkgo trees / blue whales / the Arctic Ocean / climate change 1. 可数名词复数变化：bamboo shoot → bamboo shoots（竹笋，shoot 为可数）、ginkgo tree → ginkgo trees（银杏树）；2. 专有名词大写：the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋），海洋、山脉等专有名词前加定冠词 the；3. climate change（气候变化）为不可数名词短语，无复数形式。
文化艺术类 a folding fan / a painting of bamboo / Chinese painting / Chinese culture 1. 复合名词结构：folding fan（折叠扇，现在分词 folding 作定语，表功能）、painting of bamboo（竹子画，of 表所属关系）；2. Chinese painting（中国画）为不可数名词短语，泛指一类艺术时无复数（特指具体画作时可加 s，如 two Chinese paintings）；3. 文化类名词前不加冠词（如 learn Chinese culture）。
动作行为类 use sth. to do sth. / share sth. with sb. / take a walk / store honey / shoot (v.) 1. “use sth. to do sth.” 表 “用某物做某事”（= use sth. for doing sth.），例：We use bamboo to make baskets.；2. “share sth. with sb.” 后接双宾语，例：She shared her ideas with us.；3. “take a walk” = have a walk（散步），类似：take a rest（休息）；4. shoot 作动词时，过去式为 shot，现在分词为 shooting（表 “射击；拍摄”）。
特征与数量类 one of the most popular subjects / one of the fastest-growing plants / thousands of tourists / weigh up to 1. “one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数” 表 “最…… 之一”，必须接复数名词（如 one of the most interesting animals）；2. “thousands of” 表泛指 “成千上万”，具体数字后 thousand 用单数（如 three thousand tourists）；3. “weigh up to + 数字” 表 “重达……”，weigh 为动词（例：The panda weighs up to 100 kilograms）。
因果与目的类 because of / for this reason / in order to do sth. / play an important part in 1. “because of + 名词 / 短语”（后接句子用 because），例：He left early because of the rain.；2. “for this reason” 表 “出于这个原因”，通常置于句首或句末（例：For this reason, we need to protect animals）；3. “in order to do sth.” 表 “为了做某事”（= so as to do sth.），否定式为 in order not to do sth.；4. “play an important part in + 名词 /doing” 表 “在…… 中发挥重要作用”，例：Bees play an important part in pollination.
情感与态度类 be interested in / bring joy to their heart / feel free to do sth. 1. “be interested in + 名词 /doing” 表 “对…… 感兴趣”，-ed 形式修饰人（物用 -ing 形式 interesting）；2. “bring joy to sb.” 表 “给某人带来欢乐”，类似：bring happiness to sb.；3. “feel free to do sth.” 表 “可以随便做某事”，例：Feel free to ask questions if you don't understand.
其他常用类 between...and... / in mid-October / live up to / last for over a year / be home to sb. 1. “between...and...” 表 “在…… 和…… 之间”，后接名词 / 代词（如 between you and me，注意不用 I）；2. “in mid-October” 表 “在 10 月中旬”，月份前用介词 in；3. “live up to + 数字 / 期望” 表 “达到……；符合……”，例：The tree can live up to 100 years.；4. “last for + 时间段” 表 “持续……”，last 为动词（例：The meeting lasted for two hours）；5. “be home to sb.” 表 “是…… 的家乡 / 栖息地”，无冠词（例：The forest is home to many birds）。
二、分层练习（基础→提升→拓展）
（一）基础题：短语翻译（中英互译，夯实记忆）
1.中国画 ________________ 2. 成千上万的游客 ________________
3.用竹子做篮子 ________________ 4. 对大熊猫感兴趣 ________________
5.在生态系统中发挥重要作用 ________________ 6. 出于这个原因 ________________7.重达 100 公斤 ________________ 8. 给孩子们带来欢乐 ________________9.a painting of bamboo ________________ 10. climate change ________________11.be home to blue whales ________________ 12. in order to protect the environment ________________13.play an important part in nature ________________ 14. feel free to share your ideas ________________
（二）提升题：短语填空（用所给短语的适当形式填空，每词限用一次）
be interested in, one of the most popular, thousands of, because of, in order to, use sth. to do sth., share sth. with sb., take a walk, last for, between...and...
Pandas ________ bamboo ________ make houses and get food.
________ tourists come to visit the ginkgo trees in mid-October every year.
Chinese painting is ________ art forms in China—many people love it.
She ________ history, so she reads a lot of history books in her spare time.
We need to work hard ________ improve our English skills.
The party ________ three hours—everyone had a great time.
________ the heavy rain, the sports meeting was put off.
There is a small river ________ the village ________ the mountain.
After dinner, my grandparents usually ________ in the park to keep healthy.
He is very friendly and always ________ his toys ________ his classmates.
（三）拓展题：语境运用（根据句意补全短语，灵活运用）
Bees ________（储存蜂蜜）and ________（在授粉中发挥重要作用），so we should protect them.
The Arctic Ocean ________（是蓝鲸的栖息地），but ________（由于气候变化），their living environment is getting worse.
________（为了创造一个健康的生态系统），we need to plant more trees and stop polluting.
This book is ________（最有趣的动物书籍之一）—it tells many interesting stories about wild animals.
________（在你和我之间），I think bamboo is ________（地球上生长最快的植物之一）.
三、举一反三拓展
【短语搭配拓展】
1.“one of + 最高级 + 复数名词” 句型拓展（Unit4 核心结构）：
one of the most popular subjects → one of the fastest-growing plants → one of the most interesting animals请用此句型造句（结合自然 / 文化主题）：① ________________ ② ________________
2.“use” 相关短语辨析：
use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 → 例：People use wood to make paper.
use sth. for doing sth. 用某物做某事（同义结构）→ 例：People use wood for making paper.
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事（被动语态）→ 例：Bamboo is used to make baskets.请根据句意选择短语填空：① Knives ________ cut things. ② We ________ computers ________ study English.
3.【同义短语替换】
in order to = so as to（为了）→ 例：She studies hard so as to get good grades.
because of = due to（由于）→ 例：The flight was late due to bad weather.
take a walk = have a walk（散步）→ 例：We have a walk after dinner every day.请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语：① He got up early in order to catch the first bus. → ________________② Many animals are in danger because of human activities. → ________________
第二部分 词性转换精讲精练
一、知识点梳理
（一）核心变形规律总结
变形类型 例词（Unit4 重点） 规律总结
动词→名词（动作 / 结果） weigh → weight / connect → connection / disappoint → disappointment 1. 动词变名词加 -t/-ght（weigh → weight，注意发音变化）；2. 动词加 -ion 变名词（connect → connection，类似：collect → collection；disappoint → disappointment，注意去 t 加 -ment）；3. 部分动词变名词需改变拼写（如 decide → decision 同规律）。
动词→过去式 / 现在分词 shoot → shot（过去式）→ shooting（现在分词） 1. 不规则动词变形：shoot 过去式 / 过去分词为 shot（无规则变化，需特殊记忆）；2. 现在分词直接加 -ing（shoot → shooting，注意：以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写尾字母，如 run → running，但 shoot 末尾为 t，不双写）。
形容词→名词（抽象概念） good → goodness 形容词加 -ness 变名词（good → goodness，表 “善良；精华”，类似：kind → kindness，happy → happiness）；注意：good 的比较级 / 最高级为 better/best，此处变形为抽象名词，需区分词性。
动词→形容词（情感类） disappoint → disappointed / (disappointing) 1. 动词加 -ed 变 “人感到…… 的”（disappointed，例：I am disappointed）；2. 加 -ing 变 “物令人…… 的”（disappointing，例：The result is disappointing）；3. 同类词：excite → excited/exciting，surprise → surprised/surprising 同规律。
动词→形容词（状态类） connect → connected 动词加 -ed 变形容词（connected，表 “连接的；有联系的”，例：a connected system 一个相连的系统）；类似：interest → interested，develop → developed。
（二）高频易错点提醒
1.“weigh/weight” 辨析：weigh 是动词（“称重”），例：The box weighs 5 kilograms.；weight 是名词（“重量”），例：What's the weight of the box 注意：不可说 “The box's weight is 5kg”，需用 “the weight of the box”。
2.“shoot” 变形易错：过去式 / 过去分词为 shot（而非 shooted），现在分词为 shooting（无双写），例：He shot a bird yesterday. / He is shooting a movie now.
“disappoint” 相关词性混淆：disappointed（修饰人）vs disappointing（修饰物），例：She was disappointed at the disappointing news.
3.“connection” 拼写易错：connect 变名词时加 -ion（而非 -tion），注意中间为 “ec” 结构（connect → connection）。
二、分层练习（基础→提升→拓展）
（一）基础题：词形变化填空（直接变形，巩固规律）
The ________（weigh）of the blue whale can be over 100 tons.
She felt great ________（disappoint）when she failed the exam.
There is a strong ________（connect）between climate change and animal protection.
He ________（shoot）a photo of the ginkgo trees yesterday—it's very beautiful.
The ________（good）of this book is that it tells stories in simple language.
We are ________（disappoint）to hear that the music festival is canceled.
The two cities are ________（connect）by a high-speed train.
They are ________（shoot）a documentary about pandas in Sichuan now.
（二）提升题：语境选择（选择适当形式填空，灵活运用）
The ________（weigh / weight）of the stone is too heavy for me to carry.
The movie was so ________（disappointed / disappointing）that many people left early.
She has a close ________（connect / connection）with her hometown.
He ________（shoot / shot）three goals in the football match yesterday.
We should learn the ________（good / goodness）of honesty from an early age.
The ________（connected / connecting）bridge makes travel between the two villages easier.
I am ________（disappointed / disappointing）because I didn't get the ticket to the concert.
The photographer is ________（shoot / shooting）pictures of the bamboo shoots in the forest.
（三）拓展题：句型转换（根据要求改写句子，综合运用）
The panda weighs up to 100 kilograms.（改为名词形式作主语）→ The ________ of the panda is up to 100 kilograms.
The result disappointed all of us.（改为形容词作表语的句子）→ All of us ________ ________ at the result.
We use this tool to connect the two parts.（改为被动语态，用形容词形式）→ The two parts are ________ by this tool.
He shot a bird in the forest yesterday.（改为现在进行时）→ He ________ ________ a bird in the forest now.
The story is good because it teaches us kindness.（改为名词形式作主语）→ The ________ of the story is that it teaches us kindness.
三、举一反三拓展
【规律迁移】根据 Unit4 变形规律，完成下列单词的变形：
1.kind（adj. 善良的）→ ________（n. 善良）/________（adv. 善良地）
2.excite（v. 使兴奋）→ ________（adj. 感到兴奋的）/________（adj. 令人兴奋的）→ ________（n. 兴奋）
3.collect（v. 收集）→ ________（n. 收集；收藏品）请用以上单词造句：① ________________ ② ________________
【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语：
1.名词 + 介词：weight → the weight of sth. /connection → a connection between A and B
2.形容词 + 名词：disappointing → a disappointing result /connected → a connected network
3.副词 + 动词：kindly → treat sb. kindly /carefully → shoot carefully请完成下列搭配并造句：① the ________（connect 的名词形式）between health and exercise → ________________ ② a ________（disappoint 的形容词形式，修饰物）experience → ________________
【答案】
第一部分 核心短语
（一）基础题
1.Chinese painting 2. thousands of tourists 3. use bamboo to make baskets 4. be interested in giant pandas 5. play an important part in the ecosystem 6. for this reason 7. weigh up to 100 kilograms 8. bring joy to children 9. 一幅竹子画 10. 气候变化 11. 是蓝鲸的栖息地 12. 为了保护环境 13. 在自然界中发挥重要作用 14. 随便分享你的想法
（二）提升题
use; to（解析：“用某物做某事” 用 use sth. to do sth.，主语为复数，用原形）
Thousands of（解析：泛指 “成千上万的游客”，用复数 thousands + of，句首首字母大写）
one of the most popular（解析：“最受欢迎的艺术形式之一”，后接复数名词 art forms）
is interested in（解析：主语为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is，“对…… 感兴趣” 用 be interested in）
in order to（解析：表 “为了提高英语技能”，后接动词原形）
lasted for（解析：“持续三小时”，last 为动词，根据语境用过去式 lasted）
Because of（解析：“由于大雨”，后接名词短语，句首首字母大写）
between; and（解析：“在村庄和山之间”，用 between...and... 结构）
take a walk（解析：usually 提示一般现在时，主语为复数，用原形）
shares; with（解析：主语为第三人称单数，share 变 shares，“和某人分享某物” 用 share sth. with sb.）
（三）拓展题
store honey; play an important part in pollination（解析：and 连接并列谓语，用原形，“授粉” 为 pollination）
is home to blue whales; because of climate change（解析：“是…… 的栖息地” 用 be home to，“由于气候变化” 用 because of + 名词短语）
In order to create a healthy ecosystem（解析：“为了创造……” 用 in order to do sth.，“健康的生态系统” 为 healthy ecosystem）
one of the most interesting animal books（解析：“最有趣的动物书籍之一”，animal 作定语用单数）
Between you and me; one of the fastest-growing plants on earth（解析：“在你和我之间” 用 between you and me，“地球上生长最快的植物之一” 用 one of the fastest-growing plants）
第二部分 词性转换
（一）基础题
weight（解析：weigh 变名词 “重量”，特殊变形）
disappointment（解析：disappoint 变名词 “失望”，加 -ment）
connection（解析：connect 变名词 “联系”，加 -ion）
shot（解析：shoot 的过去式为 shot，根据 yesterday 提示）
goodness（解析：good 变名词 “精华；优点”，加 -ness）
disappointed（解析：修饰人 we，用 -ed 形式 “感到失望的”）
connected（解析：connect 变形容词 “连接的”，加 -ed）
shooting（解析：现在进行时，shoot 的现在分词为 shooting）
（二）提升题
weight（解析：作主语，用名词形式 “重量”）
disappointing（解析：修饰物 movie，用 -ing 形式 “令人失望的”）
connection（解析：“密切的联系”，用名词形式）
shot（解析：yesterday 提示过去式，shoot 的过去式为 shot）
goodness（解析：“诚实的美德”，用名词形式 “善良；美德”）
connecting（解析：“连接两座村庄的桥”，现在分词作定语，表功能）
disappointed（解析：修饰人 I，用 -ed 形式 “感到失望的”）
shooting（解析：现在进行时，用现在分词形式）
（三）拓展题
weight（解析：weigh 变名词作主语，“重量”）
were disappointed（解析：disappointed 修饰人，用 be disappointed at 短语，过去式 were）
connected（解析：被动语态 “被连接”，用形容词形式 connected）
is shooting（解析：现在进行时，结构为 be + doing，主语为单数，用 is shooting）
goodness（解析：good 变名词 “优点；精华” 作主语）

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