Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal 词汇复习讲义及练习(含答案)人教版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal 词汇复习讲义及练习(含答案)人教版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 5 词汇复习讲义
班级:________ 小组:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________
第一部分 核心短语精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按功能分类,直击用法)
类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项
烹饪动作类 cut up the potatoes / mix the vegetables / bake the cake / boil the potatoes / mash the potatoes / peel the bananas / stir-fried eggs and tomatoes 1. 动副短语用法:cut up(切碎)、mash up(捣烂)等,接名词时可置于中间或末尾(cut up the potatoes = cut the potatoes up),接代词时必须置于中间(如 cut them up);2. 烹饪动词辨析:bake(烤箱烘烤)、boil(水煮)、steam(蒸)、fry(煎炒),对应不同烹饪方式;3. 过去分词作定语:stir-fried(炒制的)、steamed(清蒸的),如 stir-fried vegetables(炒蔬菜)。
食材处理类 add pepper to the soup / pour the milk into the flour / mix the eggs in a bowl / cut potatoes into pieces / fill...with... / add...to... / pour...into... 1. 固定搭配结构:add A to B(把 A 加到 B 中)、pour A into B(把 A 倒入 B 中)、cut A into B(把 A 切成 B)、mix A with B(把 A 和 B 混合),例:Add salt to the water before boiling.;2. fill...with... 表 “用…… 装满”,被动形式为 be filled with(= be full of),例:The bowl is filled with rice.
饮食数量类 one tablespoon of butter / half a cup of milk / a bottle of milk / a bowl of rice / a cup of tea / a piece of cake / a spoon of sugar / a slice of bread 1. “a + 单位名词 + of + 不可数名词” 核心结构:单位名词可复数(two bowls of rice, three pieces of bread);2. 常见单位名词:spoon(勺)、cup(杯)、bowl(碗)、bottle(瓶)、piece(块 / 片)、slice(薄片)、bag(袋);3. 习语拓展:a piece of cake 既表 “一块蛋糕”,也可表 “小菜一碟”(喻指容易的事)。
饮食文化类 Chinese dish / stir-fried eggs and tomatoes / steamed fish / beef with black pepper / hot and sour soup / pumpkin pie / Guoqiao Rice Noodles 1. 菜肴名称表达:① 烹饪方式 + 食材(steamed fish 清蒸鱼);② 食材 + with + 调料(beef with black pepper 黑胡椒牛肉);③ 专有名词首字母大写(Guoqiao Rice Noodles 过桥米线);2. Chinese dish 表 “中国菜”,dish 为可数名词(复数 dishes),可特指某一道菜(a delicious Chinese dish)。
情感与社交类 have wonderful memories / share my love with others / make friends / tell sb. about sth. / think of 1. share sth. with sb. 表 “和某人分享某物”,例:She shared her cooking experience with us.;2. have wonderful memories of sth. 表 “对某事有美好回忆”,例:I have wonderful memories of family dinners.;3. think of 表 “想起;认为”,例:He often thinks of his grandma's cooking.
其他常用类 thanks to / along with sb./sth. / at least / around the world / the secret to cooking / a good way to do sth. / one by one 1. thanks to + 名词 / 短语(归功于;由于),例:Thanks to your tips, my dish tastes better.;2. the secret to sth./doing sth. 表 “…… 的秘诀”,例:What's the secret to making perfect hot and sour soup ;3. one by one 表 “逐一地”,作状语(例:Add the ingredients one by one);4. a good way to do sth. = a good way of doing sth.(做某事的好方法)。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:短语翻译(中英互译,夯实记忆)
1.把土豆切碎 ________________ 2. 制作香蕉奶昔 ________________
3.一杯茶 ________________ 4. 黑胡椒牛肉 ________________
5.烹饪的秘诀 ________________ 6. 和他人分享我的爱 ________________
7.至少三杯牛奶 ________________ 8. 逐一地添加食材 ________________
9.stir-fried eggs and tomatoes ________________
10. steamed fish ________________
11.pour the juice into the glass ________________
12. have wonderful memories of childhood ________________
13.around the world ________________
14. a piece of bread ________________
(二)提升题:短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次)
cut up, add...to..., pour...into..., mix...with..., have wonderful memories, make friends, thanks to, at least, one by one, the secret to
Before cooking, you need to ________ the vegetables and meat.
________ some salt ________ the soup—it will taste better.
She ________ the milk ________ the flour and stirred it carefully.
________ hard work, he finally mastered the skill of making Guoqiao Rice Noodles.
We ________ of the time we spent cooking with our family.
You should practice speaking English ________ 30 minutes every day.
The teacher asked us to hand in our homework ________.
What's ________ making delicious pumpkin pie
She likes to ________ new people when she travels around the world.
________ the eggs ________ some water before frying—they will be more tender.
(三)拓展题:语境运用(根据句意补全短语,灵活运用)
My mom usually ________(把鸡肉切成块)and ________(用它做汤)on cold days.
________(多亏了奶奶的指导),I can now cook ________(一道美味的中国菜).
________(做朋友的好方法)is to ________(分享快乐和悲伤)with each other.
When making a banana milk shake, you need to ________(给香蕉剥皮)first, then ________(把它们和牛奶混合)in a blender.
The restaurant serves ________(各种各样的菜肴)from ________(全世界),and each dish ________(充满了独特的味道).
三、举一反三拓展
【短语搭配拓展】
1.“a + 单位 + of + 不可数名词” 拓展(Unit5 核心结构):
a cup of tea → a bottle of juice → a bowl of rice → a piece of bread请用此结构仿写(至少 3 个):① ________________ ② ________________ ③ ________________
2.烹饪类动词短语拓展:
cut up 切碎 → peel 剥皮 → boil 煮沸 → bake 烘烤 → fry 煎炒请用以上短语描述一道菜的制作步骤(任选 3 个):________________________
【同义短语替换】
1.thanks to = because of(由于)→ 例:Because of his help, I succeeded.
a good way to do sth. = a good way of doing sth.(做某事的好方法)→ 例:It's a good way of learning English.
2.have wonderful memories = have sweet memories(有美好的回忆)→ 例:I have sweet memories of my school life.请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语:① Thanks to the good recipe, the dish is very delicious. → ________________② Reading aloud is a good way to improve your pronunciation. → ________________
第二部分 词性转换精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按规律分类,突破变形难点)
(一)核心变形规律总结
变形类型 例词(Unit5 重点) 规律总结
形容词→副词 simple → simply 1. 一般形容词加 -ly 变副词(simple → simply,类似:quick → quickly);2. 注意:simple 以 “e” 结尾,直接加 -ly(无需去 e);3. simply 多义性:表 “简单地”(simply explain)、“仅仅”(simply a child)、“简直”(simply delicious)。
动词→名词 instruct → instruction 1. 动词加 -ion 变名词(instruct → instruction,类似:act → action,collect → collection);2. 常用复数形式:instructions 表 “操作指南;说明书”(例:follow the cooking instructions),单数表 “一条指令”(an instruction)。
名词→形容词 mess → messy 1. 名词加 -y 变形容词(mess → messy,类似:noise → noisy,sun → sunny);2. 形容词含义:“充满…… 的;具有…… 特征的”(messy 表 “混乱的”,即 “充满混乱的”),例:a messy kitchen。
动词→过去式 / 过去分词 dream → dreamed/dreamt / mix → mixed 1. 不规则动词变形:dream 两种过去式 / 过去分词(dreamed/dreamt,美式常用 dreamed,英式均可);2. 规则动词变形:mix 直接加 -ed(mixed),以 “x”“s”“sh” 结尾的动词均直接加 -ed(如 fix → fixed,wash → washed)。
动词→形容词(状态类) boil → boiling / boiled 1. 加 -ing 表 “主动 / 进行状态”:boiling 表 “沸腾的;极热的”(boiling water 沸水,正在烧开的水);2. 加 -ed 表 “被动 / 完成状态”:boiled 表 “煮沸的;煮熟的”(boiled eggs 煮鸡蛋,已煮熟的);3. 同类拓展:fry → frying(油炸的)/fried(煎好的)。
名词→复数形式 memory → memories 1. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的可数名词,变 y 为 i 加 -es(memory → memories,类似:city → cities,baby → babies);2. memory 可数名词:表 “回忆” 常用复数(sweet memories),表 “记忆力” 为不可数(good memory)。
形容词→名词(抽象概念) sweet → sweetness 1. 形容词加 -ness 变名词(sweet → sweetness,类似:happy → happiness,kind → kindness);2. 名词含义:“…… 的性质或状态”(sweetness 表 “甜蜜;甜度”),例:the sweetness of honey。
(二)高频易错点提醒
1.boiling 与 boiled 辨析:boiling 强调 “正在沸腾”(主动),boiled 强调 “已煮熟”(被动),不可混淆(如 boiled water 白开水,而非 boiling water)。
2.instruction 复数用法:表示 “说明书、操作指南” 时必须用复数(instructions),不能说 “a instruction”(需用 an instruction 表 “一条指令”)。
3.dream 变形拼写:dreamt 为不规则变形(中间 e 变 a),需单独记忆,避免误写为 “dreamed” 的变体。
4.simple 与 simply 词性混淆:simple 是形容词(修饰名词,a simple recipe),simply 是副词(修饰动词 / 形容词,simply cook /simply delicious)。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:词形变化填空(直接变形,巩固规律)
The recipe is ________(simple)—even a child can follow it ________(simple).
Please read the ________(instruct)carefully before using the oven.
After the party, the room was in a ________(mess)—we need to clean it.
She ________(dream)of becoming a famous cook when she was young.
________(boil)water is too hot to drink—wait for it to cool down.
I prefer ________(boil)eggs for breakfast because they are healthy.
They ________(mix)flour and water to make dough yesterday.
She has many sweet ________(memory)of cooking with her grandma.
The ________(sweet)of the strawberry pie makes people feel happy.
(二)提升题:语境选择(选择适当形式填空,灵活运用)
The ________(boiling / boiled)potatoes are ready—let's mash them.
The instructions on the box are ________(simple / simply)to understand.
He ________(dreamed / dreamt)of traveling around the world and trying different foods.
The kitchen is ________(mess / messy)after cooking—please tidy it up.
This cake is ________(sweet / sweetness)—I added too much sugar.
She ________(mixed / mixing)milk and coffee together—would you like some
Follow the ________(instruction / instructions)on the recipe, and you'll make a perfect dish.
The ________(boiling / boiled)water is making a lot of noise.
(三)拓展题:句型转换(根据要求改写句子,综合运用)
The dish is simple to cook.(改为副词修饰形容词)→ The dish is ________ ________ to cook.
She dreamed of being a cook when she was little.(改为复数形式,表 “他们”)→ They ________ of being cooks when ________ were little.
The room is full of mess.(改为形容词形式)→ The room is ________.
Boil the water before making tea.(改为形容词作定语)→ Use ________ water to make tea.
The cake tastes sweet.(改为名词形式作主语)→ The ________ of the cake makes it popular.
三、举一反三拓展
【规律迁移】根据 Unit5 变形规律,完成下列未学单词的变形:
noise(n. 噪音)→ ________(adj. 吵闹的)/________(adv. 吵闹地)
happy(adj. 高兴的)→ ________(n. 快乐)/________(adv. 高兴地)
fry(v. 煎炒)→ ________(adj. 正在煎的)/________(adj. 煎好的)请用以上单词造句:① ________________ ② ________________
【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语:
副词 + 动词:simply + enjoy(简直喜欢)→ quickly + cook(快速烹饪)→ ________ + ________(吵闹地说话)
形容词 + 名词:messy + kitchen(混乱的厨房)→ boiled + rice(白米饭)→ ________ + ________(甜蜜的回忆)
名词 + 介词:sweetness + of sth.(某物的甜蜜)→ instruction + for sth.(某物的说明)→ ________ + ________(噪音的危害)
【答案】
第一部分 核心短语
(一)基础题
1.cut up the potatoes 2. make a banana milk shake 3. a cup of tea 4. beef with black pepper 5. the secret to cooking 6. share my love with others 7. at least three cups of milk 8. add the ingredients one by one 9. 番茄炒鸡蛋 10. 清蒸鱼 11. 把果汁倒入杯子里 12. 有童年的美好回忆 13. 全世界 14. 一片面包
(二)提升题
cut up(解析:need to 后接动词原形,结合 “烹饪前切碎食材” 语境)
Add; to(解析:add A to B 固定结构,祈使句用原形,句首大写)
poured; into(解析:pour A into B 结构,根据 stirred 提示用过去式 poured)
Thanks to(解析:表 “归功于努力”,后接名词短语,句首大写)
have wonderful memories(解析:主语为复数,描述 “对家庭烹饪时光的回忆” 用原形)
at least(解析:固定短语 “至少”,修饰时间状语)
one by one(解析:作状语 “逐一地”,符合 “交作业” 语境)
the secret to(解析:the secret to doing sth. 固定结构,表 “做某事的秘诀”)
make friends(解析:like to 后接动词原形,“结交新朋友” 用 make friends)
Mix; with(解析:mix A with B 固定结构,祈使句用原形,“鸡蛋和水混合更嫩”)
(三)拓展题
cuts the chicken into pieces; uses it to make soup(解析:主语三单,cut 变 cuts,use sth. to do sth. 固定搭配)
Thanks to grandma's instruction; a delicious Chinese dish(解析:thanks to 表原因,instruction 表 “指导”,Chinese dish 表 “中国菜”)
A good way to make friends; share happiness and sadness(解析:a good way to do sth. 结构,“分享喜怒哀乐” 用 share happiness and sadness)
peel the bananas; mix them with milk(解析:peel 表 “剥皮”,mix 接代词置中间,用 mix them with milk)
all kinds of dishes; around the world; is full of unique flavors(解析:all kinds of 表 “各种各样”,be full of 表 “充满”,主语三单用 is)
第二部分 词性转换
(一)基础题
simple; simply(解析:第一空形容词修饰 recipe,第二空副词修饰 follow)
instructions(解析:“阅读说明书” 用复数 instructions,固定用法)
mess(解析:in a mess 固定短语 “处于混乱中”)
dreamed/dreamt(解析:过去式两种形式均可,呼应 when she was young)
Boiling(解析:“沸水” 用 boiling 表主动状态,句首大写)
boiled(解析:“煮好的鸡蛋” 用 boiled 表完成状态)
mixed(解析:yesterday 提示过去式,mix 直接加 -ed)
memories(解析:many 后接复数名词,memory 变 y 为 i 加 -es)
sweetness(解析:sweet 变名词,加 -ness 表 “甜蜜”)
(二)提升题
boiled(解析:“煮好的土豆” 用 boiled 表完成状态,符合 “捣烂” 语境)
simple(解析:be 动词后接形容词作表语,“容易理解”)
dreamed/dreamt(解析:过去式两种形式均可,描述 “梦想环游世界”)
messy(解析:be 动词后接形容词作表语,“混乱的”)
sweet(解析:taste 为系动词,后接形容词作表语)
mixed(解析:过去式描述 “已经混合” 的动作)
instructions(解析:“遵循食谱说明” 用复数 instructions)
boiling(解析:“正在沸腾的水” 用 boiling 表主动状态,呼应 “发出噪音”)
(三)拓展题
simply simple(解析:副词 simply 修饰形容词 simple,表 “简直太简单”)
dreamed/dreamt; they(解析:主语变复数 they,过去式不变,宾语用 they 的宾格 them)
messy(解析:mess 变形容词 messy,表 “混乱的”)
boiled(解析:形容词 boiled 作定语,“用煮沸的水”)
sweetness(解析:sweet 变名词 sweetness 作主语,表 “甜度”)

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