Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 词汇复习讲义及练习(含解析)人教版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 词汇复习讲义及练习(含解析)人教版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 6 词汇复习讲义
班级:________ 小组:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________
第一部分 核心短语精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按功能分类,直击用法)
类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项
职业相关类 IT engineer、fashion designer、film director、musician、artist、lawyer 1. 均为“职业名称”,前加不定冠词a/an(元音音素开头用an,如an IT engineer、an artist);2. 表达“成为某类职业者”用“be/become + 职业名称”,如She wants to be a fashion designer.
目标规划类 be going to、grow up、realize one's dream、make resolutions、set a goal、have to do with sb./sth. 1. “be going to + 动词原形”表计划/打算,否定式在be后加not,疑问式将be提前;2. “realize one's dream”同义于achieve one's dream,one's需随主语变化(如my/his/her);3. “have to do with”后接名词/代词,表“与……相关”,例:My resolution has to do with self-improvement.
日常活动与状态类 take a hot bath、play badminton、on Saturday morning、be good at doing sth.、be tired of、hardly ever 1. “play + 球类运动”不加冠词(如play badminton),“play + 乐器”需加the;2. “be good at doing sth.”中at为介词,后接动名词;3. “be tired of”后接名词/动名词,表“对……厌倦”;4. “hardly ever”表“几乎不”,位于实义动词前、be动词后,表否定含义。
其他常用类 make sure、have no idea、write down、remind sb. of sth.、give advice on、too...to..、for the first time、with one's help、last but not least 1. “make sure + that从句”表“确保”,that可省略;2. “write down”接代词时需放中间(如write it down);3. “remind sb. of sth.”表“提醒某人某事”,例:The photo reminds me of my holiday.;4. “too...to..”表“太……而不能……”,to后接动词原形,本身含否定义,无需再加not;5. “with one's help”= with the help of sb.,表“在某人帮助下”。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:短语翻译(中英互译,夯实记忆)
1.信息技术工程师 ________________
2.实现我的梦想 ________________
3.坚持我的计划 ________________
4.养成好习惯 ________________
5.几乎不运动 ________________
6.太兴奋而睡不着 ________________
7.remind her of the meeting ________________
8.spare time to learn English ________________
9.give up smoking ________________
10.with the teacher's help ________________
(二)提升题:短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次)
be going to、grow up、keep on、stick to、try one's best、give up、be good at、be tired of、write down、make sure
1.She ________ be a film director when she ________ because she loves making movies.
2.Don't ________ easily—you will succeed if you ________ working hard.
3.He ________ playing basketball, so he wants to join the school team.
4.My brother ________ his New Year's resolutions and put them on the wall.
5.We should ________ to help others, and ________ everyone feels warm.
6.She ________ watching the same TV show every day—it's so boring.
7.If you ________ your dream, you will realize it one day.
(三)拓展题:语境运用(根据句意补全短语,灵活运用)
1.My new year's resolution ________________(和自我提升有关)—I plan to read more classics.
2.He ________________(开始从事绘画)last month and now he practices it every weekend.
3.________________(在我父母的帮助下),I finished my project on time.
4.The movie is ________________(太悲伤而不能看)for little children.
5.When you set a goal, you should ________________(确保)it is realistic and achievable.
三、举一反三拓展
【短语搭配拓展】“be going to”表计划,常与时间状语连用,常见搭配:be going to + 动词原形 + next week/year/tomorrow... 请用此结构造句(2句,分别涉及职业规划和日常计划):① ________________ ② ________________
【同义短语替换】
realize one's dream = achieve one's dream 实现梦想 → 例:He wants to achieve his dream of being a musician.
form good habits = develop good habits 养成好习惯 → 例:We should develop good habits from childhood.
请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语:① She plans to realize her dream of being a lawyer. → ________________② It's important to form good habits of reading. → ________________
第二部分 词性转换精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按规律分类,突破变形难点)
(一)核心变形规律总结
变形 类型 例词(Unit 6 重点) 规律总结
动词→名词(人/职业) design→designer、direct→director、music→musician、art→artist、write→writer、paint→painter、law→lawyer、act→actor/actress 1. 动词/名词变“职业执行者”常加 -er/-or(design→designer、direct→director);2. 特殊:music(名词)→musician(去ic加ian)、art(名词)→artist(加ist);3. 性别区分:act→actor(男演员)/actress(女演员)。
名词→形容词 fashion→fashionable、energy→energetic、health→healthy、use→useful/useless、possible→impossible、disappoint→disappointed/disappointing 1. 名词加 -able/-ible 变形容词(use→useful、possible→possible);2. 名词加 -y 变形容词(fashion→fashionable、health→healthy);3. 加否定前缀un-/im-表反义(useful→useless、possible→impossible);4. 情感类动词变形容词:-ed修饰人(感到……的),-ing修饰物/事(令人……的)(disappoint→disappointed/disappointing)。
形容词→副词 wise→wisely、healthy→healthily、possible→possibly 1. 一般形容词加 -ly 变副词(wise→wisely);2. 以“y”结尾的形容词,变y为i加 -ly(healthy→healthily);3. 注意:true→truly(特殊变形,提前拓展)。
代词→反身代词 your→yourself 形容词性物主代词变反身代词:第二人称your→yourself(单数)/yourselves(复数),表“某人自己”,常与by、help等搭配(by oneself 独自,help oneself 自取)。
动词→特殊形式(过去式/现在分词) plan→planned/planning、stick→stuck、fail→failed/failing 1. 重读闭音节动词变过去式/现在分词,双写末尾辅音字母加 -ed/-ing(plan→planned/planning);2. 不规则变形:stick→stuck(过去式/过去分词)。
名词→复数/动词→名词(动作结果) fireman→firemen、decide→decision、improve→improvement、achieve→achievement、introduce→introduction 1. 复合名词变复数:fireman→firemen(将man变为men);2. 动词加 -ion 变名词(decide→decision、introduce→introduction),注意部分动词需去e加 -ion(decide→decision、introduce→introduction)。
(二)高频易错点提醒
1. 情感类形容词切勿混淆:“I feel disappointed”(我感到失望)vs “The result is disappointing”(这个结果令人失望);“tired”(人感到疲倦的)vs “tiring”(事/物令人疲劳的);
2. 反身代词的单复数:yourself(单数,你自己)vs yourselves(复数,你们自己),需根据主语单复数匹配;
3. 名词变形容词的特殊拼写:fashion→fashionable(不是fashionful)、energy→energetic(不是energyic);
4. 动词变名词的 -ion 变形:introduce→introduction(去e加ion)、decide→decision(去e加ion),切勿漏去e直接加ion。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:词形变化填空(直接变形,巩固规律)
1.She wants to be a ________(design)because she likes fashion.
2.The ________(music)played a beautiful song for us at the party.
3.It's ________(use)to learn English well—it helps us communicate with foreigners.
4.He made a ________(decide)to take up painting last week.
5.The ________(disappoint)news made her cry.
6.We should eat ________(health)to keep fit.
7.She speaks English ________(wise)because she practices every day.
8.The ________(fireman)saved the little girl from the burning building.
9.He felt ________(tire)after a long day's work.
10.We need to make an ________(introduce)of ourselves at the beginning of the meeting.
(二)提升题:语境选择(选择适当形式填空,灵活运用)
1.The movie is so ________(disappointed / disappointing)that many people left early.
2.She is ________(energy / energetic)and always helps others.
3.It's ________(possible / impossible)for him to finish the work in one hour—he needs more time.
4.The ________(art / artist)spent three months finishing the painting.
5.He hurt ________(yourself / himself)when he played basketball yesterday.
6.We should listen to the teacher ________(careful / carefully)in class.
7.The ________(farm / farmer)works hard on the farm every day.
8.She felt ________(excited / exciting)when she got the first prize.
9.His ________(improvement / improve)in English surprised all of us.
10.You should make a plan ________(wise / wisely)before doing something important.
(三)拓展题:句型转换(根据要求改写句子,综合运用)
1.He decided to be an IT engineer.(改为名词形式作宾语的句子)→ He made a ________ to be an IT engineer.
2.The trip is tiring.(改为修饰人的句子)→ We felt ________ after the trip.
3.She is wise. She makes plans.(合并为副词修饰动词的句子)→ She makes plans ________.
4.The book is useful.(改为否定形式)→ The book is ________.
5.He introduced himself at the meeting.(改为名词形式作主语的句子)→ His ________ at the meeting impressed us.
三、举一反三拓展
【规律迁移】根据Unit 6情感类形容词规律,完成下列未学单词的变形:
1.satisfy(v. 使满意)→ ________(adj. 感到满意的)/________(adj. 令人满意的)
2.surprise(v. 使惊讶)→ ________(adj. 感到惊讶的)/________(adj. 令人惊讶的)
请用以上单词造句:① When she got the gift, she felt ________.② The ________ result made everyone happy.
【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语:
1.副词 + 动词:wisely + make plans(明智地制定计划)→ carefully + listen(认真听)→ ________ + ________(健康地饮食)
2.形容词 + 名词:energetic + student(精力充沛的学生)→ fashionable + clothes(时尚的衣服)→ ________ + ________(令人失望的结果)
【答案】
第一部分 核心短语
(一)基础题
1.IT engineer 2. realize my dream 3. stick to my plan 4. form good habits 5. hardly ever exercise 6. too excited to sleep 7. 提醒她会议的事 8. 抽出时间学英语 9. 戒烟 10. 在老师的帮助下
(二)提升题
1.is going to;grows up(解析:前半句表计划用be going to,主语she对应is;后半句when引导的时间状语从句,主句将来时从句用一般现在时,主语she对应grows up)
2.give up;keep on(解析:前半句表“不要轻易放弃”用give up,Don't后接动词原形;后半句“坚持努力”用keep on,if从句用一般现在时)
3.is good at(解析:主语he为第三人称单数,be动词用is,“擅长打篮球”用be good at playing)
4.wrote down(解析:根据put可知时态为过去式,write的过去式为wrote)
5.try our best;make sure(解析:“尽我们最大努力”用try our best,should后接动词原形;“确保”用make sure)
6.is tired of(解析:主语she为第三人称单数,be动词用is,“厌倦看同一档节目”用be tired of watching)
7.stick to(解析:if从句用一般现在时,主语you对应原形,“坚持梦想”用stick to)
(三)拓展题
1.has to do with self-improvement(解析:主语为单数,have变has,“自我提升”为self-improvement)
2.took up painting(解析:last month提示过去式,take的过去式为took)
3.With my parents' help(解析:“父母的”为parents',固定搭配with one's help)
4.too sad to watch(解析:“太……而不能……”用too...to..,to后接动词原形)
5.make sure(解析:should后接动词原形,“确保”为make sure)
第二部分 词性转换
(一)基础题
1.designer(解析:design变“设计师”,加-er)
2.musician(解析:music变“音乐家”,去ic加ian)
3.useful(解析:use变“有用的”,加-able)
4.decision(解析:decide变名词,去e加-ion)
5.disappointing(解析:修饰物news,用-ing形式)
6.healthily(解析:healthy变副词,变y为i加-ly,修饰动词eat)
7.wisely(解析:wise变副词,加-ly,修饰动词speaks)
8.firemen(解析:fireman变复数,将man变为men,此处用复数表泛指)
9.tired(解析:修饰人he,用-ed形式,表“感到疲倦的”)
10.introduction(解析:introduce变名词,去e加-ion,an后接名词单数)
(二)提升题
1.disappointing(解析:修饰物movie,用-ing形式)
2.energetic(解析:修饰人she,用形容词energetic,表“精力充沛的”)
3.impossible(解析:根据“需要更多时间”可知表“不可能”,possible加否定前缀im-)
4.artist(解析:表“艺术家”,用名词artist,作主语)
5.himself(解析:主语为he,反身代词用himself,表“他自己”)
6.carefully(解析:修饰动词listen,用副词carefully)
7.farmer(解析:表“农民”,用名词farmer,作主语)
8.excited(解析:修饰人she,用-ed形式,表“感到兴奋的”)
9.improvement(解析:his后接名词,improve变名词为improvement)
10.wisely(解析:修饰动词make,用副词wisely,表“明智地制定计划”)
(三)拓展题
1.decision(解析:decide变名词decision,make a decision为固定搭配)
2.tired(解析:修饰人we,用-ed形式tired,表“感到疲倦的”)
3.wisely(解析:wise变副词wisely,修饰动词makes)
4.useless(解析:useful的否定形式为useless,表“无用的”)
5.introduction(解析:introduce变名词introduction,his后接名词)

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