Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 词汇复习讲义及练习(含答案)人教版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 词汇复习讲义及练习(含答案)人教版(2024)八年级上册

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Unit 7 词汇复习讲义
班级:________ 小组:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________
第一部分 核心短语精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按功能分类,直击用法)
类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项
未来预测与规划类 make predictions about the future、prepare for the future、come true、in the future、one day、as long as 1. “make predictions about + 名词”表“对……作预测”,也可表达为predict sth.(predict为动词);2. “come true”无被动语态,主语通常是“梦想、预测”等(如His dream came true.);3. “in the future”与“one day”均表“将来”,前者多用于将来时,后者可用于过去时和将来时;4. “as long as”引导条件状语从句,表“只要”,主句用将来时/情态动词时,从句用一般现在时。
行动措施类 take over、take steps to do sth.、find ways to do sth.、focus on、depend on、build a smart public transport system 1. “take steps/ways to do sth.”中to后接动词原形,表“采取措施/找到方法做某事”;2. “focus on”后接名词/动名词,表“专注于……”(如focus on studying);3. “depend on”后接名词/代词/从句,表“取决于/依赖”,例:The result depends on your effort.;4. “build a...system”表“构建……系统”,“smart”此处意为“智能的”。
态度观点类 agree with sb./sth.、be positive about sth.、sounds great 1. “agree with”后接人或观点,agree to后接计划/提议,agree on后接双方达成的共识;2. “be positive about”的反义词组为“be negative about”,表“对……持消极态度”;3. “sounds great”为省略句,完整形式为“It sounds great”,sound为系动词,后接形容词。
日常活动与需求类 invite sb. to do sth.、invite sb. to sp.、thank sb. for doing sth.、go to the supermarket、be out of、meet the public's needs for... 1. “invite”的两种常用结构:invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事)、invite sb. to + 地点(邀请某人去某地);2. “thank sb. for doing sth.”中for为介词,后接动名词;3. “be out of + 名词”表“缺少……”(如be out of water);4. “meet the needs for...”表“满足对……的需求”,needs用复数形式。
其他常用类 in outer space、come out、keep my eyes open、what's up、the transport system、traffic accidents、save lives、run away、go away、stay close to nature、live in the countryside、the best-selling book 1. “in outer space”表“在外太空”,space前不加冠词;2. “come out”可表“出版、出现”(如The book came out last month. / The sun came out.);3. “keep one's eyes open”表“保持警惕/留意”,one's随主语变化;4. “the best-selling book”为“形容词最高级+现在分词”作定语,表“最畅销的书”;5. “save lives”表“拯救生命”,life此处为可数名词,复数为lives。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:短语翻译(中英互译,夯实记忆)
对未来作出预测 ________________
实现梦想 ________________
采取措施应对气候变化 ________________
专注于自我提升 ________________
邀请他来参加派对 ________________
缺少食物和水 ________________
在外太空旅行 ________________
thank you for helping me ________________
the smart public transport system ________________
stay close to nature ________________
(二)提升题:短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次)
come true、agree with、be positive about、take steps to、focus on、depend on、invite sb. to、be out of、save lives、come out
If we work hard together, our dreams will ________ one day.
My parents ________ my decision to study abroad—they think it's a good chance.
We should ________ the future and believe everything will get better.
The government has ________ solve the problem of traffic accidents.
Doctors and nurses work hard to ________ every day.
She ________ her best friend ________ her birthday party last week.
The new novel ________ last month and became very popular soon.
We ________ milk, so we need to go to the supermarket to buy some.
When you study, you should ________ your lessons and not be distracted.
Whether we can finish the task on time ________ how hard we work.
(三)拓展题:语境运用(根据句意补全短语,灵活运用)
________________(只要我们坚持努力),we will achieve our goals.
The city plans to ________________(构建智能公共交通系统)to improve traffic efficiency.
She ________________(保持警惕)to find the right opportunity to realize her dream.
We should ________________(感谢老师的帮助)because they help us grow.
The government is trying to ________________(满足公众对医疗服务的需求).
三、举一反三拓展
【短语搭配拓展】“depend on”是高频短语,常与不同成分搭配,常见用法:depend on sb.(依赖某人)、depend on sth.(取决于某物)、depend on whether/if从句(取决于是否……)。请用以上任意两种搭配造句:① ________________ ② ________________
【同义短语替换】
1.come true = realize(实现,realize为动词)→ 例:He finally realized his dream of being a doctor.
2.be positive about = be optimistic about(对……持乐观态度)→ 例:She is optimistic about her future.
3.请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语:① His prediction about the future came true. → ________________② We should be positive about the challenges. → ________________
第二部分 词性转换精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按规律分类,突破变形难点)
(一)核心变形规律总结
变形类型 例词(Unit 7 重点) 规律总结
名词 动词 prediction→predict、choice→choose、serve→service、invite→invitation、create→creativity、emotion→emotional 1. 名词变动词:部分名词去-tion变动词(prediction→predict、invitation→invite);2. 动词变名词:加-tion(invite→invitation)、加-ice(choose→choice)、加-ice(serve→service);3. 名词变形容词:加-al(emotion→emotional)、加-ive(creativity→creative)。
形容词比较级与最高级 little→less→least、few→fewer→fewest、bad→worse→worst、long→longer→longest(拓展) 1. 不规则变化:little(少的)→less(比较级)→least(最高级);few(少数的)→fewer(比较级)→fewest(最高级);bad(坏的)→worse(比较级)→worst(最高级);2. 用法区别:less/fewer表“更少”,less修饰不可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词;worse表“更坏的”,worst表“最坏的”。
情感类形容词(-ed/-ing) boring→bored、scary→scared 1. -ed形式修饰“人”,表“感到……的”(如I feel bored/scared);2. -ing形式修饰“物/事”,表“令人……的”(如a boring movie、a scary story);3. 同类词可通用此规律(如excited/exciting、surprised/surprising)。
反义词变形 positive→negative、disappear→appear、possible→impossible、able→unable(拓展) 1. 加否定前缀in-/un-构成反义词(possible→impossible、able→unable);2. 直接变化反义词(positive→negative、disappear→appear),注意disappear是“dis-+appear”构成,表“消失”,其反义词为appear(出现)。
其他特殊变形 win→winner、future→futurist、efficient→efficiency、transport→transportation、probably→probable、medicine→medical、challenge→challenging、value→valuable 1. 动词变“执行者”加-er(win→winner,注意win变winner的拼写);2. 名词变“相关职业者”加-ist(future→futurist);3. 形容词变名词加-cy(efficient→efficiency);4. 名词/动词变名词拓展形式(transport→transportation);5. 副词变形容词(probably→probable);6. 名词变形容词加-al(medicine→medical);7. 名词/动词变形容词加-ing(challenge→challenging)、加-able(value→valuable)。
(二)高频易错点提醒
1. 情感类形容词混淆:“The game is scary”(这个游戏令人害怕)vs “She is scared of the game”(她害怕这个游戏);“The speech is boring”(这个演讲令人无聊)vs “We are bored with the speech”(我们对这个演讲感到无聊);
2. less与fewer的用法区分:less修饰不可数名词(如less water、less time),fewer修饰可数名词复数(如fewer students、fewer books),切勿混淆;
3. 名词变形容词的特殊拼写:value→valuable(不是valueable)、challenge→challenging(不是challengeing);
4. 反义词前缀的正确使用:possible的反义词是impossible(加in-),而非unpossible;able的反义词是unable(加un-),而非inable。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:词形变化填空(直接变形,巩固规律)
Can you ________(prediction)what the world will be like in 50 years
There are ________(few)students in the classroom today than yesterday.
The ________(scary)movie made the little girl cry.
He made a good ________(choose)to study hard for the exam.
The hotel provides good ________(serve)for its customers.
It's ________(possible)for us to finish the work in one hour—it's too difficult.
She felt ________(bored)when she watched the long movie.
The ________(win)of the competition will get a big prize.
We need to improve the ________(efficient)of our work.
He sent an ________(invite)to his friends for his birthday party.
(二)提升题:语境选择(选择适当形式填空,灵活运用)
She is ________(positive / negative)about her future because she has made good preparations.
There is ________(less / fewer)rain this year than last year, so we need to save water.
The ________(medical / medicine)team arrived at the village quickly to help the sick people.
It's ________(probable / probably)that we will have a picnic this weekend if the weather is good.
The task is ________(challenging / challenge), but we are confident to finish it.
He felt ________(scared / scary)when he walked through the dark forest alone.
The ________(create)of the new technology has changed our lives a lot.
We should learn to use our ________(intelligent / intelligence)to solve problems.
This is a ________(valuable / value)book—you should read it carefully.
The sun ________(appear / disappear)behind the clouds, and it began to rain.
(三)拓展题:句型转换(根据要求改写句子,综合运用)
He predicted that he would go to outer space.(改为名词形式作主语的句子)→ His ________ that he would go to outer space surprised us all.
The movie is scary.(改为修饰人的句子)→ The little boy felt ________ when he watched the movie.
We need to improve the efficiency of the transport system.(改为形容词修饰名词的句子)→ We need to improve the ________ transport system.
It's possible to finish the work on time.(改为否定形式)→ It's ________ to finish the work on time.
She invited me to her party.(改为名词形式作宾语的句子)→ She sent me an ________ to her party.
三、举一反三拓展
【规律迁移】根据Unit 7形容词比较级不规则变化规律,完成下列未学单词的变形:
1.good(adj. 好的)→ ________(比较级)/________(最高级)
2.many(adj. 许多的)→ ________(比较级)/________(最高级)
请用以上单词造句:① This book is ________ than that one.② He has the ________ books in our class.
【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语:
1.副词 + 动词:probably + go(可能去)→ carefully + do(认真做)→ ________ + ________(积极地面对)
2.形容词 + 名词:medical + team(医疗团队)→ valuable + advice(宝贵的建议)→ ________ + ________(有挑战性的任务)
【答案】
第一部分 核心短语
(一)基础题
1.make predictions about the future 2. realize one's dream / make one's dream come true 3. take steps to deal with climate change 4. focus on self-improvement 5. invite him to the party 6. be out of food and water 7. travel in outer space 8. 感谢你帮助我 9. 智能公共交通系统 10. 亲近自然
(二)提升题
come true(解析:will后接动词原形,“梦想实现”用come true,无被动语态)
agree with(解析:主语为复数,描述一般情况用一般现在时,“同意决定”用agree with)
be positive about(解析:should后接动词原形,“对未来持乐观态度”用be positive about)
taken steps to(解析:has+过去分词构成现在完成时,take的过去分词为taken)
save lives(解析:to后接动词原形,“拯救生命”为save lives,life用复数)
invited;to(解析:last month提示过去式,invite的过去式为invited,“邀请某人去……”用invite sb. to...)
came out(解析:last month提示过去式,come的过去式为came,“书出版”用come out)
are out of(解析:主语为复数,描述当前状态用一般现在时,“缺少牛奶”用be out of milk)
focus on(解析:should后接动词原形,“专注于功课”用focus on)
depends on(解析:主语为从句,视为单数,描述一般情况用一般现在时,depend变depends)
(三)拓展题
As long as we keep working hard(解析:“只要”用as long as,引导条件状语从句,“坚持努力”用keep working hard)
build a smart public transport system(解析:plan to后接动词原形,“构建智能公共交通系统”为固定短语)
keeps her eyes open(解析:主语为第三人称单数,keep变keeps,“保持警惕”用keep one's eyes open,one's对应her)
thank teachers for their help(解析:“感谢某人的帮助”用thank sb. for one's help,teacher用复数,one's对应their)
meet the public's needs for medical services(解析:try to后接动词原形,“医疗服务”为medical services)
第二部分 词性转换
(一)基础题
predict(解析:情态动词can后接动词原形,prediction的动词形式为predict)
fewer(解析:than提示用比较级,few的比较级为fewer,修饰可数名词students)
scary(解析:修饰物movie,用-ing形式scary,表“令人害怕的”)
choice(解析:good后接名词,choose的名词形式为choice,a后接单数)
service(解析:good后接名词,serve的名词形式为service,此处用不可数名词)
impossible(解析:根据“太困难”可知表“不可能”,possible的否定形式为impossible)
bored(解析:修饰人she,用-ed形式bored,表“感到无聊的”)
winner(解析:the后接名词,win的名词形式为winner,表“获胜者”)
efficiency(解析:the后接名词,efficient的名词形式为efficiency)
invitation(解析:an后接名词单数,invite的名词形式为invitation)
(二)提升题
positive(解析:根据“做好了充分准备”可知表“积极的”,用positive)
less(解析:rain为不可数名词,“更少的雨”用less修饰)
medical(解析:修饰名词team,用形容词medical,表“医疗的”)
probable(解析:be动词后接形容词作表语,probably为副词,其形容词形式为probable)
challenging(解析:修饰名词task,用形容词challenging,表“有挑战性的”)
scared(解析:修饰人he,用-ed形式scared,表“感到害怕的”)
creation(解析:the后接名词,create的名词形式为creation)
intelligence(解析:our后接名词,intelligent的名词形式为intelligence)
valuable(解析:修饰名词book,用形容词valuable,表“宝贵的”)
disappeared(解析:根据“开始下雨”可知太阳“消失”了,用disappear,结合began可知用过去式disappeared)
(三)拓展题
prediction(解析:his后接名词,predict的名词形式为prediction)
scared(解析:修饰人the little boy,用-ed形式scared,表“感到害怕的”)
efficient(解析:修饰名词transport system,用形容词efficient,表“高效的”)
impossible(解析:possible的否定形式为impossible,表“不可能的”)
invitation(解析:an后接名词单数,invite的名词形式为invitation,send an invitation表“发送邀请”)

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