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Unit 2 词汇复习讲义
班级：________ 小组：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________
第一部分 核心短语精讲精练
一、知识点梳理（按功能分类，直击用法）
类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项
家庭关系类 my grandparents / your parents his/her sister/brother a photo of my family family members 1. 名词复数变化：parent→parents，grandparent→grandparents，sister/brother的复数直接加s；2. “a photo of + 名词所有格/名词” 表示“……的照片”，同类表达还有a picture of；3. family作“家庭”讲时为单数，作“家人”讲时为复数（如My family is big. / My family are watching TV.）
介绍认识类 this is / these are that is / those are nice to meet you let me introduce... 1. this/that对应单数名词，these/those对应复数名词，回答时用it/they替代（如Is this your brother Yes, it is.）；2. “nice to meet you”用于初次见面问候，回答用Nice to meet you, too.；3. introduce后接双宾语，即introduce sb to sb（如Let me introduce my friend to you.）
身份询问类 who is / who are who's that what's your name 1. 对人提问用who，后接be动词的单复数由主语决定（如Who is she Who are they ）；2. “who's”是who is的缩写，注意其答语需用完整的人称代词+be动词（如Who's he He's my uncle.）
日常交往类 thank you for... help sb with sth play with sb look after 1. “thank you for + 名词/动名词” 表示“因……感谢你”（如Thank you for your help. / Thank you for helping me.）；2. “help sb with sth” = “help sb (to) do sth”（如Help me with my English. = Help me (to) learn English.）；3. look after = take care of，均表示“照顾；照料”
其他常用类 be from / come from in the photo on the desk too / also 1. be from与come from均表示“来自”，否定句：be not from / don't/doesn't come from（如He is not from China. = He doesn't come from China.）；2. 方位介词in表示“在……里面”，on表示“在……上面”；3. too用于句末，前加逗号；also用于句中，be动词/情态动词后、实义动词前（如I like apples, too. / I also like apples.）
二、分层练习（基础→提升→拓展）
（一）基础题：短语翻译（中英互译，夯实记忆）
我的全家福 ________________
这些是我的堂兄弟 ________________
很高兴见到你 ________________
来自美国 ________________
帮我学数学 ________________
照顾我的小妹妹 ________________
who's that girl ________________
thank you for your present ________________
play with my friends after school ________________
two photos of my family ________________
（二）提升题：短语填空（用所给短语的适当形式填空，每词限用一次）
be from, this is, look after, thank you for, play with, who is, come from, help... with, too, nice to meet you
— ________ my aunt, Linda. — ________! She looks very kind.
— ________ the boy in the blue jacket — He's my classmate, Tom.
My grandparents ________ the countryside. They live in a small village.
My best friend ________ Canada. She can speak English and French.
Could you ________ me ________ my history homework I'm not good at it.
My parents are busy today, so I need to ________ my little brother at home.
The children like to ________ the little dog in the park on weekends.
I like reading, and my sister likes reading ________.
________ inviting me to your birthday party. I had a great time.
（三）拓展题：语境运用（根据句意补全短语，灵活运用）
— ________（这是谁）in the photo — It's my father.
My mother often ________（帮我）my homework before dinner.
— Are these your parents — Yes, ________（他们是）. They are teachers.
We should ________（照顾）the old people in our community.
— Where do you ________（来自） — I ________（来自）Shanghai, a beautiful city.
三、举一反三拓展
【短语搭配拓展】“help” 是高频动词，除课本短语外，还有这些常用搭配：help oneself to...（随便吃/用……）、ask for help（求助）、with one's help（在某人的帮助下）请用以上任意两个短语造句：① ________________ ② ________________
【同义短语替换】
be from = come from 来自 → 例：She is from Japan. = She comes from Japan.
look after = take care of 照顾 → 例：I need to look after my grandma. = I need to take care of my grandma.
请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语：① My pen pal is from Australia. → ________________② My sister helps me look after my pet cat. → ________________
第二部分 词性转换精讲精练
一、知识点梳理（按规律分类，突破变形难点）
（一）核心变形规律总结
变形类型 例词（Unit 2 重点） 规律总结
人称代词变化 I→my→me; you→your→you; he→his→him; she→her→her; it→its→it; we→our→us; they→their→them 1. 人称代词分主格（作主语）、形容词性物主代词（修饰名词，后接名词）、宾格（作宾语，接在动词/介词后）；2. 形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，必须后接名词（如my book，不能说my is book）
名词→复数 parent→parents; brother→brothers; photo→photos; family→families; watch→watches 1. 一般名词变复数直接加s（parent→parents）；2. 以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es（watch→watches），无生命的加s（photo→photos）；3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，变y为i加es（family→families）
动词→名词（人） teach→teacher; help→helper; work→worker 动词变“执行者”（做某事的人），一般加-er（help→helper, work→worker）；特殊变化：teach→teacher（加-er，注意拼写变化）
名词→形容词 friend→friendly; help→helpful; beauty→beautiful 1. 部分名词加-ly变形容词（friend→friendly，注意：friendly不是副词，意为“友好的”）；2. 名词加-ful变形容词（help→helpful“有帮助的”，beauty→beautiful“美丽的”）
指示代词变化 this→these; that→those; it→they 1. 指示代词单复数对应：this（这个）→these（这些），that（那个）→those（那些）；2. 回答以this/that提问的句子时，用it替代；回答these/those提问时，用they替代
（二）高频易错点提醒
1. 人称代词宾格与形容词性物主代词混淆：“Help me.”（me是宾格，作宾语）vs “This is my book.”（my是形容词性物主代词，修饰book）；
2. friendly的词性：friendly是形容词，不是副词，“友好地”需用in a friendly way（如He speaks to me in a friendly way.）；
3. family的单复数：表示“家庭”时为单数（The family is big.），表示“家人”时为复数（The family are eating dinner.）；
4. 以o结尾的名词复数：photo（照片）、piano（钢琴）等无生命的名词，复数加s；tomato（西红柿）、potato（土豆）、watch（手表）等有生命或特殊的名词，复数加es。
二、分层练习（基础→提升→拓展）
（一）基础题：词形变化填空（直接变形，巩固规律）
This is ________（I）mother. ________（she）name is Mary.
These ________（be）my grandparents. They love ________（we）very much.
There are three ________（photo）on the wall. One of them is a photo of my ________（family）.
My uncle is a ________（teach）. He ________（teach）English in a middle school.
The little girl is very ________（friend）. Everyone likes playing with ________（she）.
________（that）are my new books. ________（it）are on the desk.
My brother is a good ________（help）. He often helps me with my homework.
There are two ________（watch）in the box. They are my parents'.
（二）提升题：语境选择（选择适当形式填空，灵活运用）
— Is ________（this / these）your sister — Yes, ________（she / it）is.
My parents are ________（worker / workers）. They work in a factory.
— Who is ________（him / he） — ________（He / His）is my father.
The boy is ________（friend / friendly）to everyone. We all like ________（he）.
There are some ________（photo / photos）on the desk. ________（That / Those）are photos of my trip
— What's ________（you / your）name — ________（I / My）name is Lucy.
This book is very ________（help / helpful）for learning English.
________（These / This）are my pens. Can you pass ________（they / them）to me
（三）拓展题：句型转换（根据要求改写句子，综合运用）
This is my uncle.（改为复数句）→ ________ ________ my ________.
She is from China.（改为同义句，用come from）→ She ________ ________ China.
These are his friends.（对划线部分提问）→ ________ ________ these
I like playing with him.（改为形容词性物主代词作定语的句子）→ I like playing with ________ ________.
My mother helps me with my English.（改为同义句，用help...do）→ My mother ________ me ________ English.
三、举一反三拓展
【规律迁移】根据Unit 2名词变形容词的规律，完成下列未学单词的变形：
1.care（n. 小心）→ ________（adj. 小心的）/ ________（adj. 粗心的）
2.use（n. 用途）→ ________（adj. 有用的）/ ________（adj. 无用的）
请用以上单词造句：① We should be ________ when we cross the road. ② This old box is ________.
【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语：
1.形容词 + 名词：friendly + smile（友好的微笑）→ helpful + advice（有用的建议）→ ________ + ________（粗心的错误）
2.形容词性物主代词 + 名词：my + family（我的家庭）→ his + schoolbag（他的书包）→ ________ + ________（你们的教室）
【答案】
第一部分 核心短语
（一）基础题
1.a photo of my family 2. these are my cousins 3. nice to meet you 4. be from America / come from America 5. help me with my math 6. look after my little sister 7. 那个女孩是谁 8. 谢谢你的礼物 9. 放学后和我的朋友一起玩 10. 我的两张全家福
（二）提升题
This is; Nice to meet you（解析：介绍他人用this is，初次见面问候用nice to meet you）
Who is（解析：对人提问用who，主语the boy是单数，be动词用is）
come from（解析：主语my grandparents是复数，come用原形，也可填are from）
is from（解析：主语my best friend是单数，be动词用is，也可填comes from）
help; with（解析：help sb with sth为固定搭配，could后接动词原形）
look after（解析：need to后接动词原形，结合语境“照顾弟弟”用look after）
play with（解析：like to后接动词原形，“和小狗玩”用play with）
too（解析：表示“也”，用于句末，前加逗号）
Thank you for（解析：“因邀请感谢”用thank you for，句首首字母大写）
（三）拓展题
1.Who is this 2. helps me with 3. they are 4. look after / take care of 5. come from; am from / come from（解析：第一空do后接动词原形come from；第二空主语I对应be动词am，也可填come from）
第二部分 词性转换
（一）基础题
my; Her（解析：第一空修饰mother用形容词性物主代词my；第二空修饰name用形容词性物主代词Her，首字母大写）
are; us（解析：主语these是复数，be动词用are；第二空作love的宾语用宾格us）
photos; family（解析：three后接复数photos；a photo of my family为固定表达，family此处为单数“家庭”）
teacher; teaches（解析：teach变名词teacher“老师”；第二空主语he是单数，teach变teaches）
friendly; her（解析：friend变形容词friendly“友好的”；第二空作with的宾语用宾格her）
Those; They（解析：对应复数books用those，首字母大写；第二空指代复数books用they）
helper（解析：help变名词helper“帮手”，a后接单数）
watches（解析：two后接复数，watch以ch结尾变复数加es）
（二）提升题
this; she（解析：your sister是单数，用this；回答用人称代词she指代）
workers（解析：主语my parents是复数，worker变复数workers）
he; He（解析：第一空作主语用主格he；第二空作主语用主格he，首字母大写）
friendly; him（解析：be动词后接形容词friendly；第二空作like的宾语用宾格him）
photos; Those（解析：some后接复数photos；指代复数photos用those）
your; My（解析：第一空修饰name用形容词性物主代词your；第二空修饰name用形容词性物主代词My，首字母大写）
helpful（解析：be动词后接形容词helpful“有帮助的”）
These; them（解析：对应复数pens用these；第二空作pass的宾语用宾格them）
（三）拓展题
These are; uncles（解析：this变these，is变are，uncle变复数uncles）
comes from（解析：主语she是单数，come变comes）
Who are（解析：对人提问用who，主语these是复数，be动词用are）
his friend（解析：him的形容词性物主代词是his，后接名词friend）
helps; learn（解析：help sb do sth为固定搭配，主语my mother是单数，help变helps，learn用原形）

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