七年级Unit 3 My School词汇复习讲义

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七年级Unit 3 My School词汇复习讲义

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Unit 3 词汇复习讲义
班级:________ 小组:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________
第一部分 核心短语精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按功能分类,直击用法)
类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项
学校物品类 pencil box / schoolbag / notebook / dictionary a set of keys / an eraser / a ruler 1. 可数名词单复数:pencil box→pencil boxes,schoolbag→schoolbags,dictionary→dictionaries(以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加es);2. “a set of + 复数名词” 表示“一套/一副……”,作主语时谓语动词用单数(如A set of keys is on the desk.);3. 元音音素开头的物品前用an(an eraser, an English book),辅音音素开头用a(a ruler, a pencil)
物品归属类 belong to sb / be sb's / mine / yours / his / hers ask sb for sth 1. 名词性物主代词(mine, yours等)可单独使用,后不接名词(如This pen is mine. 不用This pen is my.);2. “belong to sb” 后接人称代词宾格(如The book belongs to him. 不是he);3. “ask sb for sth” 表示“向某人要某物”(如Ask your teacher for help.)
学习行为类 take notes / use a dictionary / listen to the teacher read English books / do homework 1. 固定搭配:take notes“记笔记”,do homework“做作业”,均为不可数名词,无复数(不用do homeworks);2. “use sth to do sth” 表示“用某物做某事”(如Use a dictionary to look up new words.);3. listen to为及物短语,后接宾语(如listen to music,不能单独说listen)
位置询问与描述类 where is / where are on the desk / in the schoolbag under the chair / next to the bookcase 1. where引导的特殊疑问句,be动词单复数由主语决定(Where is the pen Where are the books );2. 方位介词辨析:on“在……表面”,in“在……内部”,under“在……下方”,next to“在……旁边”;3. 回答时需包含方位介词短语(如Where is my ruler It's under the desk.)
其他常用类 lose sth / find sth / call sb at + 电话号码 thank you for doing sth 1. lose→lost(过去式/过去分词),find→found(过去式/过去分词)(如I lost my notebook yesterday.);2. “call sb at + 号码” 表示“拨打……号码联系某人”(如Call me at 13800138000.);3. “thank you for doing sth” 中for后接动名词(如Thank you for helping me find my pen.)
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:短语翻译(中英互译,夯实记忆)
一套钥匙 ________________
属于我 ________________
向老师求助 ________________
在书桌下面 ________________
使用字典 ________________
丢失我的笔记本 ________________
call Tom at 678-9012 ________________
do my English homework ________________
a blue schoolbag ________________
the pen on the desk ________________
(二)提升题:短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次)
belong to, ask...for, next to, lose, find, call...at, take notes, use a dictionary, thank you for, be mine
— Is this pencil box yours — No, it ________. It's Lily's.
The big tree ________ the classroom is very old. Many birds live in it.
If you don't know the word, you can ________ to look it up.
This book ________ my brother. His name is on the cover.
I ________ my new watch yesterday. I'm very sad now.
He ________ his lost schoolbag in the library this morning. He was so happy.
Please ________ me ________ 890-7654 if you need my help.
We should ________ in English class to remember important points.
You can ________ your classmates ________ help when you have problems.
________ helping me carry my schoolbag. You're so kind.
(三)拓展题:语境运用(根据句意补全短语,灵活运用)
— ________(我的字典在哪里) — It's ________(在书包里).
The red pen ________(不属于我). It's ________(她的).
When you learn English, you should ________(记笔记)and ________(听老师讲课)carefully.
My mother ________(丢失了她的钱包)last week. We ________(还没找到它).
— How can I contact you — You can ________(拨打我的电话)135-6789-0123.
三、举一反三拓展
【短语搭配拓展】“look” 相关短语与学习生活密切相关,补充常用搭配:look up(查阅,后接单词/短语)、look for(寻找,强调过程)、look after(照顾)、look at(看)请用以上任意两个短语造句:① ________________ ② ________________
【同义短语替换】
1.belong to sb = be sb's 属于某人 → 例:This book belongs to Tom. = This book is Tom's.
2.ask sb for help = turn to sb for help 向某人求助 → 例:He asks his teacher for help. = He turns to his teacher for help.
请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语:① The new schoolbag belongs to my sister. → ________________② She often asks her parents for help with her study. → ________________
第二部分 词性转换精讲精练
一、知识点梳理(按规律分类,突破变形难点)
(一)核心变形规律总结
变形 类型 例词(Unit 3 重点) 规律总结
物主代词变化 my→mine; your→yours; his→his; her→hers; our→ours; their→theirs 1. 形容词性物主代词(my, your等)后必须接名词;2. 名词性物主代词(mine, yours等)后不接名词,可单独作主语、宾语或表语(如This is my pen. = This pen is mine.);3. his和its的形容词性与名词性物主代词形式相同
名词→复数 pencil→pencils; box→boxes; dictionary→dictionaries; watch→watches; knife→knives 1. 一般名词加s(pencil→pencils);2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加es(box→boxes, watch→watches);3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i加es(dictionary→dictionaries);4. 以f/fe结尾变f/fe为v加es(knife→knives)
动词→过去式 lose→lost; find→found; call→called; help→helped; look→looked 1. 规则动词过去式:一般加ed(call→called, help→helped);以不发音的e结尾加d(live→lived,Unit 3拓展);重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母加ed(stop→stopped,Unit 3拓展);2. 不规则动词过去式:lose→lost, find→found(需特殊记忆)
基数词→序数词 one→first; two→second; three→third; five→fifth; eight→eighth 1. 1-3序数词特殊变化:one→first, two→second, three→third;2. 4-19一般加th,特殊:five→fifth(去ve加fth), eight→eighth(去t加h), nine→ninth(去e加th);3. 序数词前常加the(如the first day, the second class)
(二)高频易错点提醒
1. 物主代词混淆:“This is her pen.”(her是形容词性物主代词,接名词)vs “This pen is hers.”(hers是名词性物主代词,不接名词);
2. “a set of + 复数名词” 的主谓一致:作主语时谓语动词由set决定,用单数(A set of keys is here. 不是are);
3. 不规则动词过去式:lose和find的过去式是lost和found,不能加ed(不用losed, finded);
4. 序数词用法:表示“第几”必须用序数词,且前加the(如“第二天”是the second day,不是two day)。
二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展)
(一)基础题:词形变化填空(直接变形,巩固规律)
This is not ________(I)pencil. ________(I)is in the pencil box.
There are three ________(dictionary)on the desk. They are my brother's.
He ________(lose)his schoolbag yesterday. We helped him ________(find)it.
— Is this pen ________(you) — No, it's ________(she). ________(she)pen is red.
There are two ________(box)of apples on the table. Each ________(box)is big.
Today is the ________(one)day of school. I'm very excited.
My mother ________(call)me last night. She told me a good news.
These ________(knife)are new. They are for cutting paper.
(二)提升题:语境选择(选择适当形式填空,灵活运用)
— Whose notebooks are these — They are ________(our / ours). We left them here.
A set of keys ________(is / are)on the desk. Please take it away.
He ________(find / found)a wallet in the park yesterday. He gave it to the police.
This is the ________(three / third)time I see this movie. It's very interesting.
— Is this ________(her / hers)eraser — Yes, it's ________(her / hers). She lost it this morning.
There are many ________(pencil box / pencil boxes)in the shop. I want to buy one.
She often ________(call / calls)her grandparents on weekends. She loves them very much.
— Where ________(is / are)the dictionary — It ________(is / are)on the shelf.
(三)拓展题:句型转换(根据要求改写句子,综合运用)
This book belongs to Tom.(改为同义句)→ This book ________ ________.
The pencil is in the pencil box.(对划线部分提问)→ ________ ________ the pencil
These are my notebooks.(改为名词性物主代词句)→ These notebooks ________ ________.
He lost his schoolbag yesterday.(改为否定句)→ He ________ ________ his schoolbag yesterday.
This is a knife.(改为复数句)→ These ________ ________.
三、举一反三拓展
【规律迁移】根据Unit 3名词变复数的规律,完成下列未学单词的变形:
city(n. 城市)→ ________(复数); leaf(n. 叶子)→ ________(复数); baby(n. 婴儿)→ ________(复数)
请用以上复数单词造句:① There are many big ________ in China. ② The ________ on the tree are yellow in autumn.
【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语:
名词性物主代词 + 名词(无)→ 单独使用:mine(我的)→ yours(你的)→ This pen is ________. That ruler is ________.
序数词 + 名词:the first class(第一节课)→ the second floor(二楼)→ the ________ ________(第五天)
【答案】
第一部分 核心短语
(一)基础题
1.a set of keys 2. belong to me 3. ask the teacher for help 4. under the desk 5. use a dictionary 6. lose my notebook 7. 拨打678-9012联系汤姆 8. 做我的英语作业 9. 一个蓝色的书包 10. 书桌上的钢笔
(二)提升题
isn't mine(解析:否定回答“不是我的”,用名词性物主代词mine,be动词用is的否定形式isn't)
next to(解析:结合语境“教室旁边的大树”,用方位短语next to)
use a dictionary(解析:“不认识单词时用字典查阅”,can后接动词原形)
belongs to(解析:主语this book是单数,belong用第三人称单数形式belongs,后接my brother)
lost(解析:yesterday提示过去式,lose的过去式是lost)
found(解析:this morning提示过去式,find的过去式是found)
call; at(解析:“拨打号码联系某人”用call sb at + 号码,please后接动词原形)
take notes(解析:“在英语课上记笔记”,should后接动词原形)
ask; for(解析:“向同学求助”用ask sb for help,can后接动词原形)
Thank you for(解析:“感谢帮忙”用thank you for,句首首字母大写)
(三)拓展题
1.Where is my dictionary; in the schoolbag 2. doesn't belong to me; hers 3. take notes; listen to the teacher 4. lost her wallet; haven't found it yet 5. call me at(解析:“拨打我的电话”用call me at + 号码,can后接动词原形)
第二部分 词性转换
(一)基础题
my; Mine(解析:第一空修饰pencil用形容词性物主代词my;第二空单独作主语用名词性物主代词Mine,首字母大写)
dictionaries(解析:three后接复数,dictionary以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加es)
lost; find(解析:yesterday提示过去式,lose→lost;help sb do sth为固定搭配,find用原形)
yours; hers; Her(解析:第一空、第二空单独使用用名词性物主代词yours和hers;第三空修饰pen用形容词性物主代词Her,首字母大写)
boxes; box(解析:two后接复数boxes;each后接单数box)
first(解析:“第一天”用序数词first,前加the)
called(解析:last night提示过去式,call→called)
knives(解析:these后接复数,knife以fe结尾,变fe为v加es)
(二)提升题
ours(解析:单独使用表示“我们的笔记本”,用名词性物主代词ours)
is(解析:主语a set of keys的核心词是set,为单数,be动词用is)
found(解析:yesterday提示过去式,find→found)
third(解析:“第三次”用序数词third,前加the)
her; hers(解析:第一空修饰eraser用形容词性物主代词her;第二空单独使用用名词性物主代词hers)
pencil boxes(解析:many后接复数,pencil box的复数是pencil boxes)
calls(解析:often提示一般现在时,主语she是单数,call→calls)
is; is(解析:主语the dictionary是单数,be动词用is)
(三)拓展题
is Tom's(解析:belong to Tom的同义表达是be Tom's,主语this book是单数,be动词用is)
Where is(解析:对地点提问用where,主语the pencil是单数,be动词用is)
are mine(解析:my notebooks的名词性物主代词表达是mine,主语these notebooks是复数,be动词用are)
didn't lose(解析:过去式的否定句,加助动词didn't,lose用原形)
are knives(解析:this变these,is变are,knife变复数knives)

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