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Unit12.Life is full of the unexpected.
1.unexpected/ nik spektid/ a.出乎意料的；始料不及的
expect v期待，预期 expect sb to do sth
expected adj 期待的，预期的
an expected result
expectedly adv 预期地
unexpected adj 出乎意料的，始料不及的
The result is unexpected
Life is full of the unexpected
unexpectedly adv 意外地，出人意料地
expectation n 期待 预料
according to the expectations正如所期待的
2. by the time
在---以前（引导时间状语从句）
*从句用一般过时态，主句用过去完成时
By the time I got there， she had left .
* 从句用一般现在时态，主句用将来时
By the time you get home， I will finish my homework
3. backpack / b kp k/ n. 背包；旅行包back+pack -----backpack
4.oversleep v 睡过头 （overslept，overslept）
He overslept this morning and was late for school
*over- 前缀 ：太---，过于----，超出---
overwork 过度劳累， overconfident 过分自信的
overcoat长大衣
6. give ... a lift 捎（某人）一程
lift v 举起，扶起 lift sb up
n 电梯
*give sb a lift =give/offer sb a ride 让某人 搭车，捎某人一程
*give sb a hand =help sb
give sb a ring /call= ring/call sb
7.block /bl k / n *街区
There are three blocks from here
*块，立方体 a block of ice
*大楼 an office block 办公大楼
*阻碍，阻塞
Laziness is the block on the way of success
8. in line with 成---一排
* wait in line （with ）排队等
cut in line 插队
stand in line with 站成一排
*Your plan is in line with mine
与----一致
9.worker / w :(r)k (r)/ n. 工作者；工人
There is a bridge over the river
10.stare /ste / v 盯着看，凝视
stare at sb ：
It's impolite to stare at others
n 凝视，注视
He looked at me with a cold stare（冷漠）
11. disbelief / disbi li:f/ n. 不信；怀疑
believe v 相信 believable adj 相信的
unbelievable adj 难以置信的
belief n 相信，信心，信念， 信仰
disbelief n不信 怀疑
*in disbelief 不相信地，怀疑地 （状语）
He stared at me in disbelief
=He stared in disbelief at me
12.above / b v/ prep 在----上面 （不接触，不强调 正上方）
The bird is flying above the water
*反义词： below *可指海拔，温度等
13. burn /b :(r)n/ v 燃烧，着火 （burnt/burnt， burned/burned）
Wood burns easily
All the lights were burning
n 燃烧，灼伤
There are some burns on the arms
*burning adj 着火的，燃烧的 (定语）
Look at that burning building/house
*burned adj 烧焦的 烧糊的 the
burned beef
14.burning/ b :(r)ni /adj. 着火的；燃烧的
15.alive / laiv/ adj 活着，有生气的
16.airport/e p :(r)t/n. 机场at the airport
17.till /til/ prep/conj （until）到，直到--
*till 比until语气弱；正式文体或句首用until
*till/until +名词 或名词短语（时间）
I will wait till/untill the next Monday
*till/until+句子 （引导时间状语从句）
She watched TV till her mother came back
（肯定句用延续性动词）
She didn't go to bed till/until her mother came back
（否定句用非延续动词）
18.west /west/ adj/adv/n westeren adj 西方的 The house faces west
19.dead adj 死的
19.cream /kri:m/ n 奶油 乳脂
creamy adj含有奶油的
20.workday / w :kde / 工作日
weekday/weekend
20.pie /pai/ n. 果馅饼；果馅派
21.show up 露面 （=appear）出现
She didn't show up until the meeting was over
*show sb around带某人参观
show off 炫耀，卖弄 on show在展出，展览
22.bean /bi:n/ n. 豆；豆荚
23.market / ma:(r)kit/ n. 市场；集市
.24.fool /fu:l/ n 蠢人，傻瓜 What a fool she is！
I feel such a fool when I realized my mistake
April Fool's (Fools') Day 愚人节
v 愚弄
* fool sb be fooled by
*fool sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
*fool sb with -----用---欺骗
Don't fool me with that excuse
*foolish adj=silly 愚蠢的
It's foolish of sb to do sth
24.costume / k stju:m/ 服装，装束
costume party 化装舞会
national costume 民族服装
25.embarrassed /im b r st/ adj .窘迫的；害羞的
embarrass v 使窘迫，使尴尬，使害羞
embarrass +sb
embarrassed adj 窘迫的，尴尬的，害羞的 （指人）
embarrassing adj 令人窘迫的，令人尴尬的
embarrassment n窘迫，尴尬
*to one's embarrassment 使某人尴尬的的是----
*with embarrassment 尴尬地
26.costume party 化装舞会
27.announce / nauns/ v 宣布，宣告
*announce sth
announce that +从句
*announcer n 宣布者
*announcement n 宣告，通告
make an announcement 发表通告
*announcement of new books 新书预告
28.spaghetti/sp geti/n. 意大利面条
29..hoax /h uks/ cn hoaxes
the hoax of-----
30.sell out 卖光
31..discovery /di sk v ri/ n. 发现；发觉
discover v 发现 discover sth
discovery n 发现
the discovery of ------的发现
32. lady/ leidi/ 女士 ladies and gentlemen
ladies first
33..cancel / k nsl/ sth v 取消----终止-----
同：delete
The meeting has been canceled/cancelled
*cancellation n 取消
*cancer n 癌症
34.officer / fis / n. 军官；官员
35.believable /bi li:v bl/ adj.可相信的；可信任的
36. disappear/ dis pi /v.消失；不见
appear v 出现=show up
n appearance 出现
disappear v 消失 The UFO disappeared soon
n disappearance 消失
His disappearance made us worried
37.embarrassing /im b r si / a.使人害羞(难堪)
Unit13.We are trying to save the earth!
1.litter / lit (r)/ un 垃圾，废弃物 指公共场所随手丢弃的小片的垃圾 （纸片，塑料袋，等）
There is lots of litter in the park.
v 乱扔 Don't litter around
2.ship
3. coal /k ul/ 煤 un 煤块 cn
A coal fell from the fire
*mine pron 我的
n 煤矿 ，miner n煤矿工人
4. ugly / gli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的
an ugly dog
5. advantage / d va:ntid / n优点，有利条件
*take advantage of 利用----
*have an/the advantage over ----胜过-------
If you can speak English well ，you will have a great advantage over other while looking for jobs
*disadvantage n缺点，不利条件，
6..cost /k st/, /k :s v 花费 （cost /cost）
Sth cost sb +钱 东西花了某人多少钱
This book cost me 10yuan
n 成本 费用，价钱 living cost 生活费
the cost of ---- -----的成本
at all costs 不惜一切代价
7.wooden wood
8.plastic
9.takeaway n
takeaway food
We order a takeaway for dinner.
take away 拿走，带走；
10.bin
11.fin
12.cruel adj 残忍的
It’s wrong to be cruel to animals.
13.harmful / ha:(r)mfl/ adj. 有害的
harm n 伤害，损害，危害
harmful adj 有害的
*be harmful to =do harm to 对-----有害
*do sb harm =do harm to sb 损害某人
*Harm set， harm get 害人害己
*harmless adj 无害的
14.at the top of 在… …顶部或顶端
15.chain /t ein/ n 链子
the food chain /the watch chain
16. ecosystem/ i:k u sist m/ n生态系统
in the ecosystem在 海洋生态系统
17.industry / ind stri/ n *工业（总称）un
Guangzhou is an important center for business and industry
*行业 cn in this industry 在 这个行业里
.18. law /l :/ n 法律，法规
obey the law 遵守法律
break the law 违反falv
lawyer n 律师 lawful adj 合法的，法定的 lawless adj 不法的
19.scientific/ sai n tifik/adj. 科学上的；科学的
science /scientist
scientific adj科学的
21.take part in
=join in 参加活动 join +组织
attend
22..afford / f :(r)d/ v 承担得起（后果），买得起
常用在can，could，be able to之后）
*afford sth 买得起某物
I can't afford this house
*afford to do sth
承担得起做某事的责任；有能力去做某事
We can't afford to waste time
23.turn off 关掉
24.reusable/ ri: ju:z bl/adj.可重复使用的;可再次使用的
reuse v重复使用 reuse sth
（re- 再，又，重新retell，remarry，repeat，rewrite，reread，return， ）
*reusable adj可重复使用的，
We had better use the reusable shopping bags
25.pay for 付费；付出代价
Sb pay for sth
Sb pay +money for sth
26.take action 采取行动
take action to do sth 采取行动去做某事
27.transportation / tr nsp :(r) tei n/ n 运输，运输业
*water and land transportation水路运输
transport v 运输，transport sth
28.recycle / ri: sav 回收利用， recycle books and paper
recycling n回收利用 recycled adj 循环使用的
29..napkin / n pkin/ n. 餐巾；餐巾纸
throw away 扔掉；抛弃
30. throw them/it away
31. put sth to good use
=make good use of sth 好好利用某物
It's important for us to put time to good use now
32..pull ---down 拆下，摧毁 v+adv
We should pull the old house down
33. upside down/ psaid/ 颠倒；倒转
上下颠倒
The painting was hung upside down
Please don't place it upside down
请勿倒置
*turn sth upside down把翻转过来
*inside out 里外颠倒，
34.gate /geIt/n. 大门 ：
at the school gate
35.bottle / b tl/ n. 瓶；瓶子
a bottle of ---- v 把-----装入瓶中
36. president / prezid nt/ n. 负责人;主席;总统
Who is the US president
37.inspiration / insp rei n/ n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
*灵感 （un）
We can find inspiration from reading
Without inspiration，I can't write a good article
*鼓舞人心的人或事 cn
be an inspiration to sb
对某人来说是一个鼓舞人心的人或事
*inspire v 鼓舞人 的，鼓励
inspire sb to do sth
*inspired adj 受到鼓舞的，得到灵感的
inspiring adj 鼓舞人心的
38.iron / ai n/ n铁 熨斗，
.39.work /w rk/ n作品（音乐，艺术）cn
a work of art
a beautiful piece of work
40. metal/metl/ 金属
medal 奖牌 ，奖章
41..bring back * 恢复
The doctor brought him back to health soon
*使想起
The photos brought back memories of his childhood
*归还
Please bring back this book to the library before May 6th
return sth to ----
42.creativity / kri:ei tiv ti/ n.
创造力；独创性
creative adj有创意的，创新的
He has a creative mind
*creatively adv 创造性地
*creativity n
创造力，独创性
There is no develpment without creativity*creat v 创造
*creation n 创作的作品
.Unit14. I remember meetig all of you in grade 7.
1.survey / s :(r)vei/ n 调查
*make /do a survey of /about/on +n /pron/doing
做一个------的 调查
v 调查----， survey sth
2.standard / st nd (r)d/ n 标准，水平 （cn）
*the standard （s） of -----的 标准
*meet the standards 符合标准，达到标准
You must do homework carefully to meet the standards of a strict teacher
Their products weren't up to standard
adj 标准的，规范的，普通的 a standard room
.3.row /r u/ n 一排，一列 一行
*a row of --- -一排----
*in a row 连续几次地
He got the first prize four years in a row
*in rows 成排地，成行地
We must sit there in rows
You must stand in a row
n 划船 row dragon boats
4.keyboard / ki:b :(r)d/ 键盘
type the words with a keyboard
键盘式电子乐器
Do you like to play the keyboard？
5.method / meθ d/ n 方法，措施 （way ）
the right/proper methods of teaching
.6.instruction/in str k n/ n
*指示，命令
*carry out the instructions 执行任务，命令
*give instructions on sth 就某事给出指示
*on /under one's instructions 遵照某人的指示
*用法说明
Take the medicine according to the instructions on the bottle
*教导，传授 * instruct v 命令 ，指示
instruct sb to do sth
7.double / d bl/ v 加倍，是---的两倍
This baby doubled its weight in a month（及物动词）
If you study hard，your grades double soon（不及物动词）
adj 两倍的 at a double speed
a man with a double characters
The boss gave him double paid for doing that
8. shall / l/ 情态动词
*表将来，* 和 一人称连用
Shall I /we do sth ？ 我/我们 去做----好吗？
9 look back 向后 看，朝后看
Don't look back when having an exam
* look back at sb/sth
Looking back at these three years made me regret not studying hard
10. overcome v 克服，战胜（overcame ，overcame）
* overcome difficulties
*overcome her shyness
11.make a mess 弄得一团糟
*make a great /terrible mess
He made a great mess in the kitchen
*in a mess 一团糟
His room is always in a mess
*口语：--is a (real) mess-----
糟透了（生活，工作，不整洁的人）
His life is a real mess
12.graduate / gr d ueit/ v 毕业 获得学位
* graduate from 毕业于
We will graduate from No.6Middle School soon
*（大学）毕业生 cn
*graduation n 毕业
I will work in Beijing after graduation
13.keep one's cool （n） 沉住气，保持泠静
=stay/keep cool （adj）
Learn to keep your cool in difficult situation
14.caring/ ke ri /adj.体贴人的；关心他人的
care v/n 关心，在意
*care about 在意，
care for 照顾=look after=take care of，喜欢
*take care保重
* caring adj 体贴人的，关心他人的
He is a caring friend
*careful adj ，
carefully adv ， carefulness n
careless adj ，carelessly adv，
carelessness n
15. ours / au (r)z/ pron. 我们的
our books =ours
16. senior / si:ni (r)/ a. 级别（或地位）高的
senior adj 级别或地位 高的 反：
junior 级别或地位 低的
*senior high school 高中
junior high school
初中a senior offer
*年长的 He is senior to me 他比我 年长
He is senior to me by two years
senior high (school) 高中
17. test /tekst/ 测试
textbook text ：
read the text读课文
18.go by *时间逝去，过去（不及物）=pass by
We can't believe how fast the time went by
*从旁边经过
The bus went by the stop without stopping
19.level / levl/ n 水平
My English level has improved so much with his help
* 高度 sea level 海平面
.20.degree /di gri:/ * 大学的学位
get /take a -- degree 取得，拿到----学位
*度数 at 100 degree
The temperature has risen ten degrees
*程度
21.manage / m nid (r)/ v管理，经营
manage to do sth /try to do sth
*manager n 经理，管理人
management n 管理
.22. believe in 信任；信赖
believe sb 相信某人所说的话
believe in sb 信任某人
believable adj
unbelievable
belief n
disbelief :in disbelief
23. gentleman / d entlm n/ n. 先生
--gentlemen lady--ladies
graduation / gr d u ei n/ n. 毕业
24. ceremony / ser m ni/ n 典礼，仪式
*graduation ceremony 毕业典礼
* an opening ceremony 开幕式/
a closing ceremony
25.first of all 首先 （事物的顺序，常与next，then 连用）
at first 起初，
first，---next----，then---，finally----
firstly----，second，lastly--------
.25. congratulate v 祝贺
*congratulate sb on /upon sth
为某事向某人祝贺
*congratulation n 祝贺，贺喜（常用复数形式）
congratulations to sb on sth
Congratulations on the New Year恭贺新年
26.thirsty /θ :(r)sti/ adj 口渴的，渴望
be thirsty for 渴望-----
*thirst n 口渴，渴望
*thirstily adv 如饥似渴地
be thirsty for 渴望；渴求
27.thankful/ θ kf l/adj. 感谢；感激
thank v thanks n
thankful adj 感谢的，
*be thankful for sth 因某事而感谢
*be thankful to sb for （doing）sth
be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激
28.lastly/ la:stli/adv. 最后.v 分开，分离
*separate ----from --- 把--和---分开
We should separate the good apples from bad ones
*separate from 分离，隔开
It's hard separate from ourgood friends
separate强调把混在一起人或物 分开
divide--into --强调把一个整体的分开
last adj 最后的 the last term
v 持续
lastly adv =finally 最后
Lastly ，the party ends up with a song
29.task /ta:sk / 任务 cn
Studying is our main task
30.ahead / hed/ adv 向前面，在前面
There is danger ahead
* look ahead to the future 展望未来
*go ahead 前进（用于回答别人的 请求） “好吧，去吧，干吧”
May I use your pen ？ --Go ahead
*ahead of 在----前面指时间
He left one day ahead of me （before）
指空间
He sits ahead of me （in front of）
31. along with *连同，除---之外，还(besides )
Along with difficulties ,we also have many happy things
Along with money , we should also think about time
*随着----，与---一起 （together with ）
He came along with some friends
*He along with many friends likes（like）playing basketball
.32.responsible /ri sp ns bl/ adj 有责任心的，
He is a responsible doctor
*be responsible for sb /sth 对---有责任心
*responsibility n 责任心
*responsibly adv 负责任地
be responsible for对……负责任；负责任
33.separate/ sep reit/ adj 单独的，分离的
* I need a separate room to study
*We will go our separate ways six months later
go one's separate ways 分路而行，分手
34.set out *出发，启程
*set out for +地点名词
*开始着手set out on sth
We will set out on a new journey
set out to do sth 开始做某事，着手做某事
35.wing /wi / n. 翅膀；翼
Knowledge can give us wings to fly

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