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2024版新译林英语八年级上记叙文期末专项
核心思路： 先整体把握故事，再带着问题去细读，最后分析比对得出答案。
第一步：预读与预测
目标： 在1-2分钟内快速了解故事大意，激活背景知识。
1. 看标题/首句： 如果有标题，它能直接点明主题。如果没有，仔细阅读文章的第一段或第一句话，它们通常是故事的开端，能告诉你 Who（人物） 和 Where（地点）。
2. 扫读全文： 快速浏览全文，不要纠结于生词。重点关注：
· 人物名字（用笔圈出来）。
· 时间状语（one day, five days later, the next morning等）。
· 地点变化。
· 情节转折词（but, however, suddenly, unfortunately, finally等）。
3. 心中预测： 根据以上信息，在心里简单构建故事框架：谁，在什么时候，什么地方，大概发生了一件什么事。
这个小窍门能帮你快速“进入”故事，避免一头雾水地开始读题。
第二步：审题与定位
目标： 明确题目在问什么，并知道去哪里找答案。
1. 仔细读题： 阅读所有题目和选项，明确每个问题在问什么（是问细节、原因、猜测词义还是主旨？）。
2. 划出关键词： 在题目中划出人名、地名、时间、数字、核心动词等关键信息。这些是你的“定位词”。
3. 记住题目顺序： 记叙文的题目顺序通常和故事发展顺序一致（即“题文同序”）。第一题的答案一般在文章靠前部分，最后一题的答案在文章结尾部分。利用这个规律可以缩小寻找范围。
这一步让你从“被动阅读”变为“主动搜寻”，带着目标去读文章，效率倍增。
第三步：精读与解题
目标： 回到原文，找到答案所在句，并选出正确选项。
1. 按题索骥： 根据第二步划出的关键词，回到文章中逐题定位。像侦探一样，找到包含关键词或与关键词同义的那一个或几个句子。
2. 精读关键句： 找到定位句后，仔细阅读其前后相邻的句子，确保理解了上下文语境。
3. 分析比对选项：
· 正确选项 通常是原文信息的同义转换（换一种说法表达相同意思）。
· 小心陷阱选项，它们可能：
· 无中生有： 文章根本没提到。
· 张冠李戴： 把发生在A身上的事安到B身上。
· 偷换概念： 与原文信息部分相似，但关键点错误。
· 绝对化： 使用 always, never, all 等绝对词汇，而原文只是相对描述。
4. 处理不同题型：
· 细节题： 直接定位，找到即答。
· 词义猜测题： 回到该词所在位置，通过上下文逻辑关系（因果关系、转折关系、定义或解释）来推断。
· 推理判断题： 答案不是直接写在文中的，需要你根据文中给出的线索（人物的动作、语言、神情描写，或事件的结果）进行合理的逻辑推断。切记：推理必须基于原文，不能凭自己的想象。
· 主旨大意题： 重点关注文章的开头和结尾，以及反复出现的主题词。问自己：“这个故事主要告诉了我们什么？”
这一步是得分的关键，一定要做到“答案必有出处”，让选择有根有据。
第四步：检查与复盘
目标： 确保答案合理，并从错误中学习。
1. 整体检查： 将所有答案代入通读一遍，看整个故事逻辑是否通顺。
2. 重点复盘生词与长难句： 对做题过程中遇到的影响理解的关键生词和没看懂的长难句，进行查阅和分析，积累下来。
3. 总结错题： 如果做错了，一定要分析原因：是没找到定位？是被陷阱迷惑？还是推理过度？总结教训，避免再犯。
口诀总结 先读首尾抓大意，审题划键定方向。定位原文找依据，比对选项排干扰。
Passage 1
（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁市宿城区新区教学共同体·期末）
Last Sunday evening, my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbour’s kitchen. I thought he was cooking so I went on studying.
Soon, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thought something was wrong. I went out and saw fire coming out of my neighbour’s kitchen. So I shouted, “Fire! Fire!” But no one heard or came out.
I ran quickly into my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbour’s doorbell, knocked at the door, but there was no answer. I got into the house through the window and found my neighbour sleeping in his bedroom. I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together.
We tried our best to pour water through the kitchen window, but the fire was too heavy. Luckily, the firemen came and put out the fire quickly. When my parents came back, they found I was dirty and tired. After my neighbour told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.
1．Why didn’t the writer go out for a walk with his parents
A．Because his parents only liked his sister.
B．Because he would have an English class.
C．Because he had to study for an English test.
D．Because there was a fire in his neighbour’s kitchen.
2．Who put out the fire at last
A．The writer. B．The writer’s parents.
C．The writer’s neighbour. D．The firemen.
3．What’s the meaning of the underline word in paragraphy 3
A．冲出 B．跑进 C．慢入 D．离开
4．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Ways to put out a fire B．A surprised man
C．A brave boy D．An English test
Passage 2
（24-25八年级上·江苏南通市海门区·期末）
It was another day to jump rope in gym class. Lynn and Mike turned the long rope into big, slow circles. The whole class hurried to get in line to wait for their turn to jump. Millie stood at the back of the line and frowned.
Nick went first. He watched the rope and ran in at just the right time. Everyone counted. He made it all the way to 30 jumps. One after another, the kids watched the rope, ran in and jumped. Then it was Millie’s turn. She watched the rope go around and around, but she didn’t move. She felt like everyone was looking at her.
Millie’s friends cheered, “Go, Millie, go!”
Millie’s face turned red. At last, she gave it a try, but she failed.
The truth was that Millie had been jumping rope at home every day. With a short rope, she could jump 100 times without missing. She just didn’t know how to run in and start jumping with a long rope. Since she was the only kid on her street, there was no one to help turn the long rope.
Just then, Ms Miles, the gym teacher, brought out a bunch of short jump ropes.
“Let’s see how long each one of you can jump without missing,” she said as she gave each student a short rope. “Ready, set. Go!”
Millie smiled for the first time ever in gym class. As she jumped, she sang rhymes quickly to herself.
After a while, Millie realized that everyone was cheering, “Go. Millie, go!”
________ The surprise almost made her miss a step, but she kept going. When she was too tired to go on, she stopped. The whole class cheered. Everyone was looking at her and smiling. Millie smiled back!
1．The underlined word “frowned” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A．felt sleepy B．looked unhappy C．seemed angry D．looked excited
2．What problem did Millie have at first
A．She didn’t have any friends in her class.
B．She didn’t feel happy because Nick made fun of her.
C．She didn’t know the cheers that the other kids knew.
D．She didn’t know how to start jumping with a long rope.
3．Why did Millie smile for the first time in gym class
A．Because she was certain she could do it well.
B．Because she knew the class would cheer for her.
C．Because she thought she was going to make a friend.
D．Because she believed she would be the winner of the contest.
4．Which sentence can we put on the line in the last paragraph
A．Millie was unsure about the jumping.
B．Millie tried the long rope, but failed.
C．Millie tried to hide in the back of the line.
D．Millie was the only one still jumping rope.
Passage 3
（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安市淮州中学·期末）
“Why do I live Why do I wish for anything, or do anything Is there anything in my life that will not be destroyed by my death ” Like Leo Tolstoy, the famous Russian writer, many people ask these difficult questions. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer these difficult questions.
As a young man, he thought people could achieve perfection if they tried hard enough. So he worked very hard to be the best in everything. He thought that he would find meaning and truth in success (成功).
In the 1850s, Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his life in the army (军队). He also told stories about his childhood. These works were published (出版) and Tolstoy became a well-known writer.
He got the respect he always wanted. Many rich and smart men met and talked with Tolstoy. Some of them were writers like him. They talked a lot about faith (信仰) and the meaning of life. But soon Tolstoy realized that these men were not perfect. Now he knew they could not answer his questions about faith.
So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find the meaning of life. He opened a school for the children of his serfs—the people who worked on his land. These workers were very poor. He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich people he knew.
Tolstoy learned a lot from his workers. He understood how they worked hard to support their families. He began to believe that marriage and family would give his life meaning. So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs.
The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy’s life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books—War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Many experts say that War and Peace is one of the greatest books ever written. In these books, Tolstoy believed humans should live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would bring him happiness.
Leo Tolstoy is still a very respected writer today. His faith and writings have influenced (影响) many people all over the world.
1．Which is the correct order of the following events
① Tolstoy served in the army. ②Tolstoy got married.
③ Tolstoy wrote War and Peace. ④Tolstoy opened a school.
⑤ Tolstoy became a well-known writer.
A．①⑤③②④ B．⑤①③②④ C．①⑤④②③ D．⑤④①③②
2．Why did Tolstoy want to be the best in everything when he was young
A．To prepare for his books. B．To achieve perfection.
C．To make a lot of money. D．To show his wisdom.
3．Tolstoy thought he would learn a lot from his workers because they were ________.
A．poor B．honest C．friendly D．patient
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Leo Tolstoy: Living for writing.
B．Leo Tolstoy: Influencing the world.
C．Leo Tolstoy: Being the best in everything.
D．Leo Tolstoy: Searching for the meaning of life.
Passage 4
（24-25八年级上·江苏南通市海安市·期末）
Look at the picture! Do you know who the young man with glasses is He is Nima Rinji Sherpa from Nepal. He is only 18 years old, but he made a new world record. On Oct 9, 2024 he climbed to the top of Mount Shishapangma in Xizang for the first time. Before this, he climbed 13 other mountains. All these 14 mountains are the tallest on Earth. And each of them stands over 8,000 meters above sea level.
Nima is a very modest (谦逊的) and shy young boy. He always wears a smile on his face and never talks much about his own abilities. When he was a little boy, he often went hiking with his family. He liked taking beautiful photos along the way. His father and uncles are very good climbers with a lot of experience. They taught Niam many climbing skills. He started climbing the tallest mountains at the age of 16. It took him only 740 days to climb all of them. Now he is the youngest person in the world to do this.
After that, Nima Rinji Sherpa told the BBC that he enjoyed climbing the mountains. In his eyes, climbing mountains can show how strong, brave and passionate (有激情的) people can be! He says, “When I stand on the top of the mountains, the other mountains appear so small.” His success tells us that nothing is impossible as long as we decide.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1&2
A．Nima has climbed only 13 mountains till now.
B．Nima began to climb mountains at the age of 16.
C．Nima spent 740 days climbing Shishapangma.
D．Nima is a very strong climber full of experience.
2．Which words best describe Nima’s feelings after reaching the top of the mountains
A．Excited and proud. B．Happy but unlucky. C．Sad and worried. D．Surprised but afraid.
3．What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in the last paragraph
A．拾级登高处，临风望远山。 B．千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭。
C．会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。 D．云光侵履迹，山翠拂人衣。
4．What might be the correct order of what happened in the passage
①Nima finished climbing 13 other mountains. ②Nima’s father and uncles taught him much experience. ③BBC invited Nima to talk about his feelings. ④Nima reached the top of Mount Shishapangma. ⑤Nima started to climb the tallest mountains at 16.
A．②①④⑤③ B．②⑤①④③
C．⑤②①③④ D．⑤①③②④
Passage 5
（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州市海陵区·期末）
Gong Zizhen was a famous poet and thinker in the Qing Dynasty. He was born in Zhejiang in 1792. When he was young, he worked very hard and was crazy about reading. In 1839, he wrote over 300 poems. Most of them were about social problems. One of them was Miscellanies of the Year 1839（V）(《己亥杂诗》) and it clearly showed his strong feelings of saving poor people and doing something for the country.
At first, Gong wrote about what was happening at that time. As a member of government of the Qing Dynasty, Gong agreed with Lin Zexu’s decision. However, they failed and Gong had to return to his hometown.
Then, Gong wrote about the falling sun. In Chinese poetry, to write about the falling sun is to write about the passing of time and the loss of hope. It was clear that the poet was sad to leave Beijing because he had many friends there. He was also sad that he lost the chance to work for the country.
Gong’s sadness was true, but it didn’t go on too long. At the end of the poem, Gong wrote about the“fallen flowers”. He didn’t say much about his sadness any more. He told the readers to believe fallen flowers would nurture (滋养) flowers growth next spring instead. As a patriot (爱国主义者), he went on to teach a lot of excellent students during the rest of his life. He still cared about the country and would do something for the country in other ways.
1．Gong wrote the poem Miscellanies of the Year 1839 (V)_________ .
A．at a young age B．in his last years C．in his forties D．in his thirties
2．Gong felt sad about _________ according to the passage.
A．teaching more students B．stopping writing poems
C．meeting friends in Beijing D．doing nothing for the country
3．Falling sun usually means _________ in Chinese poetry.
A．returning to hometown B．being in the government
C．losing the hope D．writing poems
4．In Gong’s poems, “fallen flowers” refer to _________ .
A．himself B．autumn C．feeling D．country
5．According to passage, how did Gong feel when returning to hometown
A．Proud. B．Sad. C．Happy. D．Bored.
Passage 6
（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州市梅岭教育集团·期末）
Sammy checked his calendar. “Yes!” he cried, jumping out of bed. “I mean NO! It’s Opposite Day (反话日)!” He put his shirt on inside out and walked backward down the hall.
“Good night, Mom,” he said in the kitchen. “Have a bad day at work!” “What’s wrong ” asked mom. “It’s Opposite Day!” Sammy explained.
Sammy and his friends came across at the bus stop and waved. “Good-bye!” they said at the same time.
At school, the kids were going into the door marked Exit. “What’s wrong ” asked the head teacher. “It’s Opposite Day!” said the students.
During math, the kids added when the sign said to subtracts (减法). “What’s wrong ” cried their teacher, Ms. Trix. “It’s Opposite Day!” said the class. “That’s right,” said Ms. Trix. “In that case, there’s no homework tonight.” “Yay!” said the kids. But then they remembered what day it was. Ms. Trix wrote their homework on the board.
That afternoon, Ms. Trix asked the kids to present their book reports. “Oh no!” thought Sammy. He’d been so excited about Opposite Day that he had left his report at home. “Make something up or tell the truth ”, Sammy thought to himself. “Ms. Trix,” he said when she called on him, “Sorry, I won’t be able to turn in my report today.” Ms. Trix looks at Sammy for a while and laughed. “I get it! Opposite Day. I guess that means you will turn it in tomorrow! Well, I expect it to be terrible. And by that, I mean great!” Sammy breathed a sigh of relief (松了口气). Thanks to Opposite Day!
1．On Opposite Day, if Sammy wants to go to bed, he will say “________”.
A．Good morning! B．Good afternoon! C．Good evening! D．Good night!
2．Which order shows the whole day of Sammy
a. Sammy made mistakes during math. b. Sammy couldn’t turn his homework in.
c. Sammy found it was Opposite day. d. Sammy went into the door marked Exit.
A．c-b-d-a B．d-b-a-c C．c-d-a-b D．a-b-d-c
3．Which of the following shows how Sammy’s feelings changed over time
A．happy-relieved-excited B．excited-worried-relieved
C．happy-worried-angry D．excited-angry-worried
4．What do you think of Ms. Trix
A．patient but boring B．humorous but careless
C．kind and smart D．serious and careful
答案
Passage 1
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文讲述了一位男孩独自在家时发现邻居家起火并成功救出邻居的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test.”可知，作者没有和父母出去散步是因为他要为英语测试而学习，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Luckily, the firemen came and put out the fire quickly.”可知，最后是消防员扑灭了火，故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据上下文语境，发生火灾时，情况紧急，“we rushed out of the house together”意思是“我们一起冲出房子”，rushed out表达快速离开所处空间，即“冲出”，故选A。
4．最佳标题题。根据“After my neighbour told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位男孩独自在家时发现邻居家起火并成功救出邻居的故事。所以“A brave boy”（一个勇敢的男孩）能很好地概括文章主旨。故选C。
Passage 2
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了体育课上跳绳的经历让Millie意识到自己在长绳跳绳上的不足，但当老师换成短绳后，Millie表现出色，赢得了全班同学的欢呼。
1．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“It was another day to jump rope in gym class. Lynn and Mike turned the long rope into big, slow circles. The whole class hurried to get in line to wait for their turn to jump.”可知，当天是体育课跳绳的日子，Lynn和Mike摇长绳，全班学生都排队等着跳绳，再根据“Millie stood at the back of the line”可知，Millie站在队伍后面，由此可推知，她对于跳绳这件事是不开心的，划线词“frowned”意为“看起来不开心”。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“She just didn’t know how to run in and start jumping with a long rope.”可知，Millie一开始的问题是不知道如何跑进长绳并开始跳绳。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The truth was that Millie had been jumping rope at home every day. With a short rope, she could jump 100 times without missing.”可知，事实上，Millie每天都在家跳绳，用短绳她可以连续跳100次，再根据第六段“Just then, Ms Miles, the gym teacher, brought out a bunch of short jump ropes.”以及“she gave each student a short rope”可知，体育老师拿出短绳给每个学生，由此可推知，Millie确信自己能跳得很好，所以她在体育课上第一次笑了。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“After a while, Millie realized that everyone was cheering, ‘Go. Millie, go!’”可知，过了一会儿，Millie意识到大家都在为她欢呼，再根据空后一句“The surprise almost made her miss a step, but she kept going.”可知，这个惊喜差点让她跳错一步，但她继续跳，由此可推知，此时只有Millie还在跳绳，D选项“Millie是唯一一个还在跳绳的人”符合语境。故选D。
Passage 3
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了列夫·托尔斯泰一生探寻生命意义的历程，包括他不同人生阶段的相关经历与思考。
1．细节理解题。根据“In the 1850s, Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his life in the army (军队).”可知，首先是在军队服役，即①；根据“These works were published (出版) and Tolstoy became a well-known writer.”可知，然后是成为一名著名作家，即⑤；根据“So in the 1860s, ... He opened a school for the children of his serfs”可知，接下来是创办学校，即④；根据“So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs.”可知，然后是结婚，即②；根据“The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy’s life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books—War and Peace and Anna Karenina. ”可知，最后是写了《战争与和平》，即③。综上，正确的顺序为①⑤④②③。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“As a young man, he thought people could achieve perfection if they tried hard enough. So he worked very hard to be the best in everything.”可知，年轻时托尔斯泰想在各方面做到最好是为了达到完美。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich people he knew.”可知，托尔斯泰认为能从工人那里学到很多是因为他们更诚实。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了托尔斯泰一生都在探寻生命的意义，从年轻时的想法，到后来通过不同方式去寻找，即本文是关于托尔斯泰对生命意义的探索。故选D。
Passage 4
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了尼马从16岁开始攀登最高的山峰，只用了740天就攀登了世界上最高的14座山峰，成为世界上攀登这些山峰的最年轻的人。
1．细节理解题。根据“He started climbing the tallest mountains at the age of 16.”可知，尼玛16岁开始爬山。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“In his eyes, climbing mountains can show how strong, brave and passionate (有激情的) people can be!”可推知，尼马攀登山峰后是兴奋和自豪的。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据“When I stand on the top of the mountains, the other mountains appear so small.”可知，这里表达的意思是“一览众山小”。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“His father and uncles are very good climbers with a lot of experience.”可知尼马的父亲和叔叔教了他很多经验，所以②排在第一位；根据“He started climbing the tallest mountains at the age of 16.”可知，尼马16岁开始攀登最高的山峰，所以⑤排在第二位；根据“Before this, he climbed 13 other mountains.”可知，尼马在攀登希夏邦马峰前已经攀登了13座山峰，所以①排在第三位；根据“He is only 18 years old, but he made a new world record.”可知，尼马在18岁攀登了希夏邦马峰山顶，所以④排在第四位；根据“After that, Nima Rinji Sherpa told the BBC that he enjoyed climbing the mountains.”可知，尼马在攀登希夏邦马峰山顶后告诉BBC，所以③排在第五位。故选B。
Passage 5
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了清代著名诗人和思想家龚自珍的生平及其重要诗作《己亥杂诗》的内容和意义。
1．细节理解题。根据“He was born in Zhejiang in 1792.”和“One of them was Miscellanies of the Year 1839”可知，1839-1792=47，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“He was also sad that he lost the chance to work for the country.”可知，他因为未能为国家做事而感到悲伤，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese poetry, to write about the falling sun is to write about the passing of time and the loss of hope.”可知，在中国诗歌中，写落山的太阳就是写时间的流逝和希望的丧失。故选C。
4．词句猜测题。根据“He told the readers to believe fallen flowers would nurture (滋养) flowers growth next spring instead. As a patriot (爱国主义者), he went on to teach a lot of excellent students during the rest of his life.”可知，他告诉读者要相信，落花会在明年春天滋养花朵生长。此处“fallen flowers”指代“himself”，故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“However, they failed and Gong had to return to his hometown.”和“He was also sad that he lost the chance to work for the country.”可知，返乡时的心情是悲伤的，故选B。
Passage 6
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文讲述了在反话日这天，Sammy和周围的人之间发生的趣事。
1．细节理解题。根据文中介绍的反话日的规则，当你要去睡觉的时候，你要说早上好。故选A。
2．细节理解题。题目要求按故事发展的先后顺序排序，根据第一段“I mean NO! It’s Opposite Day (反话日)!”可知，Sammy先发现当天是反话日。根据第四段“At school, the kids were going into the door marked Exit.”可知，Sammy走进了标有出口的门。根据第五段“During math, the kids added when the sign said to subtracts (减法).”可知，Sammy做错了数学题。根据最后一段“He’d been so excited about Opposite Day that he had left his report at home.”可知，Sammy没法上交作业。故选C。
3． 细节理解题。根据第一段“he cried, jumping out of bed.”可知，Sammy刚开始很激动。根据最后一段“ ‘Oh no!’ thought Sammy. He’d been so excited about Opposite Day that he had left his report at home.”可知，Sammy发现自己没带作业感到担忧。根据最后一段“Sammy breathed a sigh of relief (松一口气).”可知，Sammy松了口气，如释重负。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ms. Trix looks at Sammy for a while and laughed. ‘I get it! Opposite Day. I guess that means you will turn it in tomorrow! Well, I expect it to be terrible. And by that, I mean great!’”可知，Ms. Trix知道Sammy今天没带作业，让他明天带来，并鼓励他，可知她很善良聪明。故选C。

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