资源简介

(共34张PPT)
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
read and get the main idea of the passage;
grasp the structure of an argumentative essay;
critically analyze different attitudes to new technology and learn to express your opinions about technology’s development in the future;
write your opinions in an essay.
Lead-in
What do you know about driverless cars
A driverless car is an automobile that has an autopilot (自动驾驶) system allowing it to safely move from one place to another without help from a human driver.
Do you know some advantages about driverless cars
Do you know some disadvantages about driverless cars
Xiaomi Corp. confirmed that one of its SU7 electric vehicles was involved in an accident on an expressway in China. Local media reported that three people died in the incident that’s likely to spark scrutiny (审查) over the smart driving software deployed in many of today’s cars.
Reading
2. What is the text mainly about
3. Which one shows the structure of the text And what’s the
main idea of each paragraph
It’s about the advantages and disadvantages of new technology and the author’s own opinion.
describe the issue
discuss the
advantages
discuss the
disadvantages
give an opinion
Skim the text on page 20 and answer the following questions.
1. What is the type/genre of the text
A. Narrative B. Argumentation
C. Exposition D. Practical writing
Underline the signpost words or phrases in the text.
Signposts
Some words and phrases are used as signposts to help show a paragraph’s purpose. These usually come at the beginning or end of a paragraph.
标识性语言
标识性语言常用来提示作者接下来要阅读的信息的类别。
标识性语言的作用可分为两类：一类是引出段落大意，另一类是在段落中引出支撑性语言。一般来说，标识性语言之后带有逗号，易于识别。
n. 路标
Let’s categorize signposts. And think how do they help tell us the purpose of the paragraphs
Signposts
1. Introduce two contrasting points or facts:
2. Add more information:
3. Explain or support a point:
4. State a conclusion:
5. Say something that contrasts with what has just been said:
on the one hand ...
on the other hand ...
moreover ...
for example ...
hence ...
nevertheless ...
They are used to introduce the pros and cons, and to introduce the author’s own opinion.
Read the first paragraph, and fill in the table.
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
adv. 因此；由此
vi. & vt. （使）停止；终止
adj. 已死的；亡故的
Should we fight driverless cars
Side Attitude Opinion
various people
the families of the deceased
the car company
Yes
Yes
No
... the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.
... were unnecessary and could even be dangerous.
... should cease accepting technology just because it is new.
... still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
Para. 1
issue
Passenger dies when car crashes in driverless mode
two
opinions
Various people
The Public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.
The car company
Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon
The development of paragraph 1
Read the paragraphs 2-4, and fill in the table.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席
adj. 乡村的；农村的
vt. 提倡；支持；拥护
n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者
n. 强调；重视；重要性
n. 奢华
保持联系；了解（某课题或领域的情况）
n. 职业；事业
n. 可能性；前景
vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡
Should we fight new technology
Paragraph Topic sentence Supporting evidence
2
3
4
There are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.
New technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.
I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances.
Probably the most well-known are the Amish ...
They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.
The Amish’s quality of life is better since ...
The latest weather-tracking computer programmes ..., which saves many lives.
The Internet has made it possible for ... on opposite sides of the world.
It has also made finding opportunities ... using social media.
I found my career as ... through a social media network.
My health monitor, ... get into the best shape of my life.
I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
论点
论据
Decide whether the statements on page 21 are true (T) or false (F).
1. A person died in an accident while driving a car.
2. The Amish avoid new technology because they do not want to have good
lives.
3. Many disasters have been prevented by weather-tracking computer
programmes.
4. Building large networks through social media helps us find new opportunities.
5. The author uses a health monitor to know how much exercise he/she needs.
T
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
F
F
A person died when a car crashed in driverless mode.
The Amish advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and
community.
The latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of
warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.
Discussion: why did the author decide to write about this topic
Because the author read a newspaper article and wanted to reflect on it.
Discussion: should we fight new technology
Every coin has two sides, and the new technology is no exception. Though technology is a double-edged sword, we should learn to stay positive and make the most of it.
Advance in technology Advantage Disadvantage
artificial intelligence
(AI)
We will be well served by robots.
People will lose jobs and become lazy.
Work in groups. Brainstorm some future advances in technology, and their possible advantages and disadvantages.
Writing
Please give your arguments with the help of the table below.
We should fight against ______ / We should advocate ______
Why do you want to write about this topic
What are its advantages
What are its disadvantages
What is your opinion on the topic
Please write your opinion in an essay with the help of the following expressions.
Signposts We should fight against ... We should advocate ...
hence nevertheless on the one hand, ... on the other hand for example moreover also personally of course ... oppose the idea of ... ... some advances in technology is unnecessary and could even be dangerous We should cease accepting ... ... live happily in absence of new technology ... is better ... rather than living in large polluted cities ... changes the way we live, ... a scary prospect ... provide people with many benefits
... save many lives ...
advocate ...
... make it possible for ...
... make ... much easier
... have benefited a lot from ...
... help get into the best shape of my life
... look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it
Exchange your draft with a partner, and use the checklist to help you review your partner’s draft.
Does the essay say what the writer thinks about the topic
Does the body discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the advance
Are signposts used to help the reader understand the purpose of each paragraph
Does the conclusion state the writer’s position
The other day, I read about a company developing companion robots. These are robots that are supposed to be friends for people who live alone. Some of these companion robots are actually like small pets that a person can talk to and interact with. But unlike real pets, people do not have to feed them or take them for a walk. However, this company is also developing a companion robot that is exactly like a human being. It can walk and talk just like a person does. This all got me to think.
On the one hand, some people could say that a companion robot like this is good for us. For example, if someone old lives alone and seldom goes out, a companion robot could provide him or her a lot of comfort and enrich his or her life. Further, the robot could help monitor the health condition of that person. For example, if the person falls down and gets injured at home, the robot can call the doctor immediately to come and help.
On the other hand, some people also use this technology to avoid social contact. For example, there was a young man who recently got “married” to an anime character. What if it became common for people to get married to robots rather than human beings in the future The gap between people could further widen due to the development of realistic robots.
Personally, I do not see companion robots as an answer to people’s problems. We should be providing each other with true companions and true friendship rather than cold machines.
Sample
oppose / p z/ vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
【教材语境】In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. (P20)
在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。
(1) oppose (doing) sth 反对（做）某事
Though Tim encountered much difficulties, he firmly opposed giving up the task.
尽管蒂姆遇到了很多困难，他还是坚决反对放弃这项任务。
(2) oppose sb doing sth 反对某人做某事
That is why I oppose the government building a factory near my community.
这就是为什么我反对政府在我的社区附近建造工厂。
近义词
object、differ、disagree、protest、resist
Words and Expressions
词性转换
opposition n. [U] 反对，反抗
opposite adj. 对面的；另一边的；相反的，迥然不同的 n. [U] 对立面
opposed adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的
(1) be opposed to (doing) sth 反对（做）某事（to为介词）
We are opposed to the project for the reason that it will cause much pollution.
我们都反对这个项目，因为它会引起严重污染。
If your attitudes are opposed to finding happiness then life will be meaningless.
如果你的态度与寻求快乐相违背，那么生命将会变得毫无意义。
(2) as opposed to ... 与……相反，而非……；相对于……
Try to see it as an opportunity to learn something, as opposed to a setback.
试着把它看作是学习的机会，而不是挫折。
hence /hens/ adv. 因此；由此
【教材语境】Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. (P20) 所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。
近义词 thus
cease /si s/ vi. & vt. （使）停止；终止
【教材语境】Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. (P20) 所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。
(1) cease doing / to do sth 停止做某事
He really gave his all till his heart ceased to beat. 他真是鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。
(2) wonders will never cease (informal) （表示惊喜）真是无奇不有，怪事何其多
“I’ve cleaned my room.” “Wonders will never cease!”
“我把我的房间打扫干净了。”“怎么太阳从西边出来了！”
deceased /d si st/ adj. 已死的；亡故的
【教材语境】The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. (P20)
该报称汽车公司已经为此次事故道歉，但是死者家属表示这还不够。
absence / bs ns/ n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席
【教材语境】On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. (P20)
一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
(1) in the absence of ... 缺乏……
The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.
此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。
(2) in/during sb’s absence 当某人不在/缺席的时候
We did not receive any news during his long absence.
我们在他长期离开的时候没有得到一点消息。
(3) absence of mind 心不在焉
(4) absence from school/work 缺课/缺勤
词性转换 absent adj. 缺席，不在；心不在焉的；不存在，缺少
(1) absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的，健忘的
(2) be absent from ... 缺席……
Our monitor was absent from school today, and his absence was due to a high fever.
我们班长今天没来上课，他缺席是因为发高烧了。
反义词 presence n. [U]出席，在场
present adj. 在场，出席
be present at ... 出席……
rural / r r l/ adj. 乡村的；农村的
【教材语境】Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. (P20)
也许最广为人知的要数阿曼门诺派——生活在美国乡村的一个基督教群体。
advocate / dv ke t/ vt. 提倡；支持；拥护
n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者
【教材语境】They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. (P20) 他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。
1. vt. 提倡；支持；拥护
(1) advocate (doing) sth 提倡/主张（做）某事
Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
(2) advocate that ... / It is advocated that ... 提倡/主张……
As a middle school student, I advocate that each of us should make contributions to protecting the earth.
作为一名中学生，我提倡我们每一个人为保护地球做出贡献。
2. n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者
an advocate for/of ... ……的支持者/拥护者
There is no advocate for/of the new policy.
没有人支持这一新政策。
emphasis / emf s s/ n. 强调；重视；重要性 （pl. emphases）
【教材语境】They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. (P20)
他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。
put/place/lay emphasis on 强调/重视……
High schools should lay emphasis on the cultivation of students’ interpersonal communication skills. 高中应重视培养学生的人际交往能力。
词性转换 emphasize/emphasise vt. 着重；强调
emphasise the importance of ... 强调……的重要性
They say that the findings emphasise the importance of exercising for a healthy heart.
他们说，这一发现提醒人们体育锻炼对心脏健康是何等重要。
luxury / l k ri/ n. 奢华
【教材语境】They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. (P20)
他们认为，这样的生活要好过关注奢侈品或追随富人和名人的生活。
词性转换 luxurious adj. 奢侈的
keep in touch (with ...) （与……）保持联系；了解（某课题或领域的情况）
【教材语境】
Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. (P20)
此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。
So how do you keep in touch with each other 那么你们是怎么保持联系的呢？
Let’s keep in touch. 咱们保持联系。
拓展
get in touch with ... 和……取得联系
lose touch with ... 和……失去联系
keep/be/stay in touch with ... 和……保持联系
be out of touch with ... 和……没有联系
不可与表示一段时间的状语连用
可与表示一段时间的状语连用
表示动作
表示状态
career /k r (r)/ n. 职业；事业
【教材语境】I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. (P20)
我通过一个社交网络找到了现在从事的人工智能设计师的职业。
prospect / pr spekt/ n. 可能性；前景
【教材语境】Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. (P20) 当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。
There is every prospect (= a strong possibility) of the weather remaining dry this week.
本周天气很有可能持续干燥。
How do your job prospects look now
你目前的工作前景如何呢？
resist /r z st/ vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡
resistance /r z st ns/ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒
【教材语境】Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. (P20)
然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。
We came up against a great deal of resistance in dealing with the case.
我们在处理该案件时碰到了很多阻力。
(1) resist doing sth 反对/抵制做某事
The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 银行强烈反对降低利率。
(2) can’t resist (doing) sth 忍不住/抵抗不住做某事
He couldn’t resist showing off his new car. 他忍不住炫耀起了他的新车。
词性转换 resistant adj. 抵抗的
paragraph / p r ɡrɑ f/ n. 段；段落
【教材语境】
In which paragraphs does the author ... (P21)
作者在哪些段落中……
signpost / sa np st/ n. 路标
【教材语境】
Some words and phrases are used as signposts to help show a paragraph’s purpose. (P21)
一些单词和短语被用作路标，以帮助显示段落的目的。
essay / ese / n. 文章
【教材语境】
Write your opinion in an essay. (P21)
把你的观点写在文章里。
某英语报社开展就中学生可不可以带手机上学的话题讨论。假如你是李华，请你根据下表所提供的信息，向该报编辑写一封英文信，发表观点。
Homework

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