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(共37张PPT)
U2 Bridging Cultures
名词性从句
Study the sentences below and mark the noun clauses.
1. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.
2. It is important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life.
3. At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
Lead-in
Observe and Discover
The structure of noun clauses
名词性从句
noun clause
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
从句一律保持陈述语序
Find and discuss the functions of noun clauses
① Who he is doesn’t concern me.
② What he said is unbelievable.
③ Where we shall do the test is still under discussion.
④ When we will hold the sports meet is still unknown.
⑤ How he got in touch with Tom is not clear.
⑥ That light travels faster than sound is known to us all.
⑦ Whether she likes the present is not clear to me.
The structure of noun clauses
以上从句为名词性从句中 _____________ (类)，引导词可以用：
________________________________________________________
主语从句
that / whether / what / who / when / where / why / whatever / whoever 等
Observe and Discover
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1. Every year, ___________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. (2017 北京改)
2. Your support is important to our work. __________ you can do helps. (2016 北京改)
3. __________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. (2014 陕西改)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
whoever
Whatever
When
一、主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分
it 的用法：（形式主语）
It’s possible / important / necessary / clear … that … 很可能 / 重要的是…… / 必要的是…… / 很清楚……
It’s said / reported … that … 据说 / 据报道……
It’s been announced / declared that … 已经通知 / 宣布……
It happens … that … 显然 / 明显 / 碰巧……
It’s no wonder that … 并不奇怪 / 无疑……
It’s a pity that … 遗憾的是……
It’s a fact / a common knowledge … 众所周知……
It’s a common saying … 俗话说
Summary
The structure of noun clauses
1. 主语从句的“that” 一般不能省略。
2. “what” 引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
(1) 常与其后作表语的名词一致。
(2) 根据句子的语境而定。
· What you left are only several old books.
· What you said is of great importance.
· What he says and does doesn’t concern me.
· What he says and does don’t agree.
Summary
The structure of noun clauses
Find and discuss the functions of noun clauses
① I hope (that) everything is all right.
② I wonder why she refused my invitation.
③ I can’t imagine what made him act like that.
④ I want to know when we will hold the sports meet.
⑤ I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work.
⑥ They don’t know whether / if to go there.
The structure of noun clauses
以上从句为名词性从句中_____________(类)，
引导词可以有：
____________________________________________________
宾语从句
that / whether / what / who / when / where / why / whatever / whoever等
Observe and Discover
The structure of noun clauses
二、宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）
that, whether, if (that 常可省略)
连词： who, what, which, whoever, whatever
when, where, why, how
1. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。
2. 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语
动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。
The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound.
Summary
The structure of noun clauses
travels
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1. The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. (2018 天津改)
2. She asked me ____________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. (2017 天津改)
3. We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. (2015 重庆改)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
whether
when
whoever
Find and discuss the functions of noun clauses
① The fact is that we have lost the game.
② The question is what we should do.
③ The problem is how we should carry out the plan.
④ The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
⑤ The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus by one minute this morning.
⑥ My suggestion is that we (should) tell him the truth.
The structure of noun clauses
以上从句为名词性从句中_____________(类)，引导词有：
____________________________________________________
表语从句
that / whether / what / who / when / where / why / whatever / whoever 等
Observe and Discover
三、表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后。作用：对主语进行解释说明。
连接词：that / whether / as if / as though
(if 不引导表语从句)
连接代词：who / whoever / which / whatever
连接副词：when / where / why / how / because
Summary
The structure of noun clauses
1. 在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用“whether” 不能用“if”。
2. 一般情况下,“that”不能省略。
3. It is / was because …
It is / was why …
4. The reason (why … / for …) is / was that …
Summary
The structure of noun clauses
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1. This is _______ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (2018 北京改)
2. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal. (2014 北京改)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
what
when
The structure of noun clauses
以上从句为名词性从句中_________________(类)，
引导词可以有：______________________________________________
I have no idea
when he will get married.
how they can get the treasure.
where the concert will be held.
who is fit for the work.
why it happened.
which pen is mine.
what we should do next.
whom they are talking about.
whether it’ll rain tomorrow.
that our football team won the game.
同位语从句
that / whether / what / who / when / where / why 等
Observe and Discover
四、同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，一般跟在一些抽象名词（ idea, belief, fact, truth, rumour, news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。
同位语从句常用 that / whether 引导或连接副词 when / where / why / how。
Summary
The structure of noun clauses
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1. The opinion ________ learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years. (2019 天津改)
2. The _________ (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. (2018 天津改)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
that
possibility
We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.
We expressed the hope that they had expressed.
The structure of noun clauses
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1. 同位语从句 —— that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分；定语从句 —— that 是关系代词，起连接作用，充当宾语和主语。
2. 同位语从句 —— 与前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明；定语从句 —— 与前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定。
3. 同位语从句 —— that 不能省略；定语从句 —— that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
Compare and Discover
The fact that they won the game pleased all of them.
The news that they told us cheered us all.
Suddenly the thought came to me that he could go blind.
The thought that suddenly came to me is terrible.
The structure of noun clauses
(that clause = the fact)
（同位语从句）
(that 指代 the news)
（定语从句）
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
Compare and Discover
I. Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1. The student completed this experiment to make come true _____ Professor Joseph had said. (2020 天津)
2. It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time. (2020 江苏)
3. Scientists have obtained more evidence ______ plastic is finding its way into the human body. (2019 江苏)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
what
whether
that
4. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived. (2018 江苏)
5. It is often the case _________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2016 江苏)
6. We now realize _________ important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially you’re raising children. (2016 全国)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
how
that
how
7. Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. _________ finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it. (2016 全国)
8. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _________ it used to charge. (2017 江苏)
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
Whoever
what
Ⅱ. Translate the following sentences.
1. 能否在英语考试中取得好成绩是我最担心的问题。 (what 主语从句 / whether 引导表语从句)
__________________________ is _______________________________________.
2. 众所周知，学好英语是很重要的。 (主语从句)
________________________________________________.
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
What worries me most
whether I can get a good mark in English
It is known to all that it is important to learn English well
3. 那是因为它是一种国际语言。 (表语从句)
It is _______________________________________.
/ The reason is _______________________________.
4. 事实是我的英语学得不好。(主语从句 / 表语从句)
_________________ I don’t do well in English.
_________________ I don’t do well in English.
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
because it is an international language
that it is an international language
It is a fact that
The fact is that
5. 我现在要做的是采取措施学好英语。(主语从句) What____________________________________________________.
6. 我坚信我会掌握好英语的。(同位语从句)
___________________________ I’ll have a good command of English.
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
I should do now is to take measures to master
I hold the firm belief that
English
Ⅲ. Complete the cloze.
I read a report last night. It says 1. _______ a lot of people died in 2. ____ traffic accident. But I forget 3. _________ the accident happened last Sunday. 4. _________ astonished me most is 5. _________ some babies lost 6. ________ lives. However, I don’t know 7. ___________ the government has taken some measures to deal with 8. ______. In my opinion, 9. _____ accident has taught us a lesson 10. _______ we should obey the traffic rules.
即学即练
The structure of noun clauses
that
a
where
What
that
their
whether / if
it
the
that
Combine each pair of sentences using the words in brackets.
1. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations (期望，预期) when studying abroad. His words were quite helpful to May. (what)
What the advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad was quite helpful to May.
谈论…
talk sth vt.说了...
合并2个句子成一个句子的方法/步骤：
①找共同；
②确定主句；
③确定从句的位置；
④用什么连词。
2. Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework. This was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. (that)
That students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework was not something that Chen Hao was ready for.
adj.无数的，数不尽的
研究论文
n. 作业
3. Who will be the successful applicant (申请人) for the summer job at the law firm (事务所) This is the question. (who)
Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm is the question.
The question is who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm.
在律师事务所
4. Exposure (接触、体验) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights (洞察力、眼光) into the world. This is an advantage of studying abroad. (that)
That exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world is an advantage of studying abroad.
An advantage of studying abroad is that exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world.
对世界的洞察力
5. Schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. This impressed Liu Yang( It … that)
It impressed Liu Yang that schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds
6. Should she, stick to her own way of life or follow the American way This is her confusion. (whether)
Whether she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way is her confusion.
Complete the passage with A – D from the box. What other things do you think might attract international students to China
A that he enjoys being with Chinese people
B How he can learn to appreciate it more deeply
C What impressed him first
D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks
喜欢和…待在一起
n.筷子
吸引…到…
After just a few months in China, Leon, an exchange student from Germany, says that he has fallen in love with Chinese culture. ______ was the Chinese food. He couldn’t believe how many different kinds of Chinese food there are! Something else he found impressive was ______. Then there’s China’s colourful culture, from art to music, and from calligraphy to literature.
C
C What impressed him first
逻辑纽带
多彩的文化
n.书法
D
D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks
______ remains an important goal for him, as he is truly fascinated by it. Leon is also amazed by the convenience of cashless payments in China. He can go outside without any need for cash — all he needs is his mobile phone! The biggest reason why he loves China, however, is ______. He has made great friends here — friends that he will still remember long after his departure (离开).
B
A
B How he can learn to appreciate it more deeply
A that he enjoys being with Chinese people
被…吸引
对…感到惊讶
出门无需带现金
手机
在他离开很久之后
出门无需带现金
Work in pairs and take turns to talk about Xie Lei’s experience by completing the following sentences with your own words.
1 That ... made Xie Lei confused at first.
2 It surprised Xie Lei that ...
3 What Xie Lei’s tutor wanted to say was that …
4 The motivation for Xie Lei to study abroad was that …
轮流做…
某人做…的动机/目的是…
1 suit a new situation
2 overcome culture shock
3 step out of the comfort zone
4 suffer from homesickness
5 become more motivated
6 keep a balance between ... and ...
7 stick to
8 give sb insights into
Language points: Important and phrases (P16~17)
保持……和……之间的平衡
坚持
让某人深入了解；洞察
走出舒适区
克服文化冲击
顺应新形势
饱受思乡之苦
变得更有动力

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