资源简介

(共43张PPT)
Unit2 Briding Cultures
Discovering useful structures
Noun Clause
主语从句
subject clause
01
宾语从句
object clause
02
表语从句
predicative clause
03
同位语从句
appositive clause
04
什么是名词性从句？
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词,因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
连接词相同
从属连词: that, whether, if, as if, as though, because等
连接代词:who, what, whose, which, whom, whoever, whatever, whichever, whomever等
连接副词:when, where, why, how等
Study the sentences below and mark the noun clauses. What is the function of each noun clause in the sentences
1. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.
2. At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised Xie Lei was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
3. It’s important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life.
作主语
作主语
作表语
真正的主语
形式主语
作同位语
4. I was very excited, but also quite nervous, I didn’t know what to expect.
作宾语
Part 01
宾语从句
object clause
His tutor explained (that) he should read more books.
他的导师解释道他应该多读书。
I will do what/whatever I can (do) to help him.
我会尽我所能去帮助他。
I wonder ____________ they will come to our party.
我想知道他们是否会来参加我们的晚会。
在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语
宾语从句
whether/if
She asked me _________ handwriting was the best in the class.
她问我谁的书法是班上最好的。
A modern city has been set up in ________was once a wasteland.
一座现代城市已经在曾是废墟的地方建起来了。
It depends on_________ we solve the problem.
这取决于我们如何解决这个问题。
Fill in the blanks.
how
what
whose
it作形式宾语
(1)find，consider，think，feel，believe，make＋it＋adj./n.＋宾语从句
(2)enjoy，love，like，hate，appreciate，see to，insist on，depend on，rely on＋it＋宾语从句
I have made______clear that I will not accept this job.
我已经表明我不会接受这份工作。
I hate it when people ask me for money.我不喜欢别人向我要钱。
You can rely on it that he will turn up on time.你可以相信他会准时出现的。
it
宾语从句
1. 当主句是 一般现在时，宾从根据实际情况使用任何时态。
The headmaster hopes that everything _________( go) well.
I don’t think it __________ ( rain ) tomorrow.
2. 当主句是 一般过去时，宾从用过去的某种时态。
He said that he________(be) worried about his son.
3. 当从句表示的是一个客观真理或者不变的事实时，宾从用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that light _____________(travel) faster than sound.
goes
will rain
was
travels
宾语从句的时态
summary： 主过从过，主现从任，客观一般
Yesterday, he said that he_______________(finish) his homework.
had finished
宾语从句
(1)He told me (that) he had two sons and that they had both gone to college.
(2)I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
I can’t say whether or not they can come tomorrow.
She didn’t know whether to go or to stay.
(1)当and 连接两个或者两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个宾语从句可省略that，后面的宾语从句中的that不能省略。
(2)作介词宾语、与or not或不定式连用时，只用whether不用if。
宾语从句
注意事项
1. The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. (2018 天津改)
2. She asked me ____________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. (2017 天津改)
3. We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. (2015 重庆改)
即时练习
whether / if
when
whoever
Part 02
同位语从句
appositive clause
1. I heard the news that we would have two days off this week.
2. There is some doubt whether he is fit for the job.
3. The question what we should do next is not clear.
4. I have no idea where he has gone.
5. She made a request that we should help her.
同位语从句
一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，或说明前面名词的具体含义。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可以由whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。
①. He offers her a suggestion that she ______________ (finish) our homework in time.
②. The solider accepts his order that he _________________(retreat) from the frontline.
(should) finish
(should) retreat
1. 名词suggestion，order，demand，command，proposal 等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即 should + do，should 可以省略。
注意事项
同位语从句
2. doubt后的同位语从句,用于肯定句时引导词用whether;用于否定句或者疑问句时引导词用that。
①.There is some doubt __________they will come to help us.
②. I have no doubt ________he will win the game.
whether
that
定义：同位语从句是对某一名词进行进一步解释或补充说明；
而定语从句是对先行词起修饰或限定的作用。
1. The foreigner expressed the hope that he would come to China again.
2. I’ll remember the hope that the foreigner expressed to me.
同位语从句
定语从句
： that 在从句中不做成分，不可省略，起连接作用
： that 在从句做成分，主语或宾语，作宾语可省略
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句
1. He made a promise__________ if anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
2. The suggestion _______ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
3. The suggestion _____________ he raised at the meeting is very good.
4. The news _______they won the competition cheered us all.
5. The news ______________they told us cheered us all.
6. I still remember the promise_______________ he made.
7. I don't know the reason _______he came so late.
8. There is a question ________ he was punished.
that
why
why
即时练习
that
(which/ that)
that
(which/ that)
(which/ that)
Find and discuss the functions of noun clauses
① Who he is doesn’t concern me.
② What he said is unbelievable.
③ Where we shall do the test is still under discussion.
④ When we will hold the sports meet is still unknown.
⑤ How he got in touch with Tom is not clear.
⑥ That light travels faster than sound is known to us all.
⑦ Whether she likes the present is not clear to me.
以上从句为名词性从句中 _____________ (类)，引导词可以用：
________________________________________________________
主语从句
that / whether / what / who / when / where / why / whatever / whoever 等
复习：主语从句
Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
1. Every year, ___________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. (2017 北京改)
2. Your support is important to our work. __________ you can do helps. (2016 北京改)
3. __________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. (2014 陕西改)
whoever
Whatever
When
一、主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分
1. It seems that you disagree with the plan.
2. It’s a pity that you can’t attend my birthday party.
3. It is suggested that the meeting be put off.
4. It is necessary that several nurses (should) stay.
It + _______________ + 主语从句
It+ be + + 主语从句
It+ be + ___________ + 主语从句
过去分词
It+ be + ________+ 主语从句
形容词
不及物动词或系动词
名词
it 的用法：（形式主语）
1. 主语从句的“that” 一般不能省略。
2. “what” 引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
常与其后作表语的名词一致。
· What you left are only several old books.
· What you said is of great importance.
复习主语从句
Find and discuss the functions of noun clauses
① The fact is that we have lost the game.
② The question is what we should do.
③ The problem is how we should carry out the plan.
④ The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
⑤ The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus by one minute this morning.
⑥ My suggestion is that we (should) tell him the truth.
以上从句为名词性从句中_____________(类)，引导词有：
____________________________________________________
表语从句
that / whether / what / who / when / where / why / whatever / whoever 等
复习表语从句
表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后。作用：对主语进行解释说明。
连接词：that / whether / as if / as though
(if 不引导表语从句)
连接代词：who / whoever / which / whatever
连接副词：when / where / why / how / because
1. 在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用“whether” 不能用“if”。
2. 一般情况下,“that”不能省略。
3. It is / was because …
It is / was why …
4. The reason (why … / for …) is / was that …
Summary
Part 03
名词性从句
疑难点
1. _________ he wants is a book.
2. _________ he wants to go there is obvious.
3. The result is _________ we won the game.
4. This is ________ we want to know.
5. Is ________ he told us true
6. We should pay attention to _________ the teacher is saying.
7. I have no doubt ________ he will come.
8. I have no idea ________ he did that afternoon.
What
That
that
what
what
what
that
what
what还是that？
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的主语，宾语，表语或定语；而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。what表示泛指的事物,常译为"什么"或"所……的事物"，在含义上等于“名词+that”
用whether还是if？
用whether还是if？
可以用whether或if的情况:
1. it做形式主语的主语从句
2. 宾语从句（除非宾从的前面有介词）
3. whether/if...or not
（如果or no和连词连用，就只能是whether or not....）
所以，不如直接填whether
that什么时候可以省略？
The difficult points of noun clauses
（1）The question is _________ the film is worth seeing.
（2） This museum is not _________ it was ten years ago.
（3） You have no idea ________ anxious I am now for her safety.
（4） Could you tell me for _____ you have bought this fur coat
（5） ___ is likely that we can bridge the generation gap.
(6）The reason _____ he was absent was _____ he wasn't interested in
the meeting.
（7） The police promised to do _________ was possible to save the
people trapped in the mountains.
whether
what
how
whom
It
随堂练习
why
that
whatever
Combine each pair of sentences using the words in brackets.
1. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations (期望，预期) when studying abroad. His words were quite helpful to May. (what)
What the advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad was quite helpful to May.
谈论…
talk sth vt.说了...
合并2个句子成一个句子的方法/步骤：
①找共同；
②确定主句；
③确定从句的位置；
④用什么连词。
2. Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework. This was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. (that)
That students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework was not something that Chen Hao was ready for.
adj.无数的，数不尽的
研究论文
n. 作业
3. Who will be the successful applicant (申请人) for the summer job at the law firm (事务所) This is the question. (who)
Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm is the question.
The question is who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm.
在律师事务所
4. Exposure (接触、体验) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights (洞察力、眼光) into the world. This is an advantage of studying abroad. (that)
That exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world is an advantage of studying abroad.
An advantage of studying abroad is that exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world.
对世界的洞察力
5. Schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. This impressed Liu Yang( It … that)
It impressed Liu Yang that schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds
6. Should she, stick to her own way of life or follow the American way This is her confusion. (whether)
Whether she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way is her confusion.
Complete the passage with A – D from the box. What other things do you think might attract international students to China
A that he enjoys being with Chinese people
B How he can learn to appreciate it more deeply
C What impressed him first
D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks
喜欢和…待在一起
n.筷子
吸引…到…
After just a few months in China, Leon, an exchange student from Germany, says that he has fallen in love with Chinese culture. ______ was the Chinese food. He couldn’t believe how many different kinds of Chinese food there are! Something else he found impressive was ______. Then there’s China’s colourful culture, from art to music, and from calligraphy to literature.
C
C What impressed him first
多彩的文化
n.书法
D
D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks
______ remains an important goal for him, as he is truly fascinated by it. Leon is also amazed by the convenience of cashless payments in China. He can go outside without any need for cash — all he needs is his mobile phone! The biggest reason why he loves China, however, is ______. He has made great friends here — friends that he will still remember long after his departure (离开).
B
A
B How he can learn to appreciate it more deeply
A that he enjoys being with Chinese people
被…吸引
对…感到惊讶
出门无需带现金
手机
在他离开很久之后
出门无需带现金
Work in pairs and take turns to talk about Xie Lei’s experience by completing the following sentences with your own words.
1 That ... made Xie Lei confused at first.
2 It surprised Xie Lei that ...
3 What Xie Lei’s tutor wanted to say was that …
4 The motivation for Xie Lei to study abroad was that …
轮流做…
某人做…的动机/目的是…
1 suit a new situation
2 overcome culture shock
3 step out of the comfort zone
4 suffer from homesickness
5 become more motivated
6 keep a balance between ... and ...
7 stick to
8 give sb insights into
Language points: Important and phrases (P16~17)
保持……和……之间的平衡
坚持
让某人深入了解；洞察
走出舒适区
克服文化冲击
顺应新形势
饱受思乡之苦
变得更有动力
Workbook
P69
Using structures
1. strange to me, students, change classrooms, each lesson, because, my country, teachers, move around
2. need, J-1 visa, F-1 visa, not known, many exchange students
3. host family, has received training, hosting exchange students, clear, how, support guests
4. advice for exchange students, learn, report, cases of crimes, police
It is strange to me that students have to change classrooms for each lesson, because in my country teachers move around.
Whether a J-1 visa or an F-1 visa is needed is not known to many exchange students.
That a host family has received training in hosting exchange students is clear fromhow their support their guests.
An advice for exchange students is that they should learn how to report cases of crimes to the police.
1 One possibility encountered by students studying abroad is they might get depressed because of the challenges they face, such as a heavy workload and the language barrier.
2 This is true that the development of modern technology has greatly relieved the loneliness of those who are studying abroad. Nowadays students can keep in touch with their family more easily using email, mobile phones, or other methods.
3 Students have to speak a foreign language well enough to study in that country is a challenge for those who hope to get an overseas degree.
4 In some cultures, people don’t like to make physical contact of any kind with strangers. That is how they feel very uncomfortable if anyone stands too close to them.
5 Now that you have passed the examination with such a high score, the question being which school you are going to apply for.
that
^
It
2 Some people are giving comments on studying abroad. Correct their mistakes in using noun clauses. Then write a short passage to support one of the ideas you agree with.
^
That
why
is
3. Complete the passage about culture shock with the words from the box. What are the four stages of it How do you think people can overcome culture shock
what that who when whatever because
_____ people move to a new country they often feel worried and stressed _______ they don’t know the customs and traditions of the new place. This feeling is _____ is generally called “culture shock”. Kalervo Oberg was the one ____ first used this phrase. According to Oberg, there are several stages of culture shock. First there is the honeymoon period. During this period, ________ people experience is fresh and exciting to them. In the next stage, frustration, people notice more differences between their own culture and the new one. _____ people usually do about these differences is either to change their behaviour or return to their home country. If people stay, they come to the third stage which occurs ______ they begin to adjust to the new culture. They begin to become familiar with the customs, the thinking, and the habits of the new place. Acceptance is the fourth stage. People finally begin to fit into the new culture. Differences no longer trouble them as much and they feel _____ they might actually belong in the new place.
When
because
what
who
whatever
What
when
that

展开更多......

收起↑