资源简介

(共18张PPT)
B2U2
Using language
Modals (2)
Modals
What do the words in bold indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility
The words in bold indicate possibility.
Observe the sentences and summarize the patterns.
She can’t be present at the meeting tomorrow, for she has gone to Beijing on business.
He must be very tired, for he stayed up late last night.
My parents must be doing their jobs in their office at the moment.
She isn’t here yet; she may have missed her train.
Look at the light in his room! He must have come back already.
must、can、could、may、might表推测，语气强弱不同，适用句型不同。
情态动词表主观推测
Modals
do/be
be doing
推测一般/将来的事件
推测正在发生的事件
推测过去发生的事件
have done
must (肯定)
can/could/
may/might
could/may/
might not
can’t (不可能)
100%
0%
must 表推测
1. must表示推测时意为“一定，肯定”，推测的语气最强。
John must be American. (= It is certain that John is American.)
约翰一定是个美国人。
2. must表示推测时，只能用于肯定句，不用于否定句(Negative Sentence)和疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)。
He must know my address.
He can’t know my address.
Can he know my address
他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）
他不可能知道我的地址。（一定不）
他可能知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）
如果表示“一定不，肯定不”，应用can’t，不能用mustn’t，mustn’t表示“禁止”。如询问某种可能性时，应用can。
must 表推测
3. must表示推测时，可以推测现在的情况、正在发生的情况和过去已经发生的情况。
John must encounter a number of difficulties. We haven't received his video lesson for two weeks.
It’s 12 o’clock. They must be having lunch.
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
（现在）
（此刻）
（过去）
Real situation
他一定是来自成都的。
He must be from Chengdu.
他不可能来过成都七中。
He can’t have been at No.7 High School.
你不能在学校使用手机。
You mustn’t use your phone at school.
他一定已经完成了他的作业; 否则，他不会在晚自习听歌和看小说。
He must have completed his homework; otherwise, he wouldn’t listen to music and read novel in the evening class.
can/could 表推测
can用于肯定句时，表示有时可能会出现的情况。
can表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测时通常只用于否定句和疑问句。
1. Jogging can be harmful to the health.
2. Can jogging be harmful to the health
3. You can’t be hungry, for you had breakfast only three hours ago.
can/could 表推测
can’t/couldn’t have done 表示对过去事实推测，意为 “不可能做过……”。
4. He couldn’t have watched TV yesterday for he knew he would have an
exam.
昨天他不可能看电视了，因为他知道快要考试了。
can/could 表推测
Exercise
Although you ______ find bargains in London occasionally, it’s generally not a cheap place to shop.
2. Thank you so much Sir! Without your help I ________________
(pass) the test.
3. Mr. Smith is on time for everything. How __________ it be that
he was late for the important meeting
can
couldn’t have passed
can/could
may/might 表推测
1. may/might表示把握不大的推测，用于肯定句(Affirmative Sentence)和否定句(Negative Sentence)，不能用于疑问句。might在语气上比may更委婉(more euphemistic)，表示的可能性更小。
He may/might be American.
他可能是美国人。
He may/might not be at home.
他也许不在家。
He must be at home.
may/might 表推测
2. may/might可以推测现在的情况、正在发生的情况、过去已经发生的情况以及将来的情况。
He may/might be at home now.
He may/might be sleeping now.
These students may/might have seen the film before.
He may/might go to Beijing tomorrow.
（现在）
（此刻）
（过去）
（将来）
may/might 表推测
Exercise
Sorry, I’m late. I ______________________ (turn) off the alarm
clock and gone back to sleep again.
2. - Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Children’s Palace
- Sorry, I am not sure. But it ______be.
may/might have turned
might
1. I don’t know where she is, she ___________ be in Wuhan.
2. The road is wet. It ________________(rain) last night.
3. - Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
- Oh, I guess she _____________________ (go) by bus.
5. Mike _______________ (find) his car key, for he came to work by
bus this morning.
may/might
must have rained
may (might) have gone
can’t have found
根据句意，用情态动词的正确形式填空。
Rewrite the underlined sentences in the conversation using can / could, may / might and must. (P22, A2)
You must be tired now!
It may / might / could be him.
That must be Lucy.
that can’t be Lucy.
They may / might / could be from our school.
情态动词表推测的句型限制：
must只用于肯定句
can 不用于肯定句
He can be very careless sometimes. 【表客观情况】
may/might不用于疑问句
Look at the picture and make as many sentences as possible using can / could, may / might and must. (P22, A3)
The woman in red must be very excited to buy so many things.
The woman with glasses must be very tired to carry so many bags.
The cashier can’t be relaxed as he is sweating a lot.
The customers must be satisfied with the discount.
The man may/might/could be a bit reluctant (不情愿的) to pay.
The couple may/might/could have waited for a long time.
情态动词+have done 表责备/抱怨/惋惜 语气
You should have told him the truth, but you lied. Look at the chaos now!
你本应告诉他真相的，但是你撒谎了。看看现在这个烂摊子！
You shouldn’t have lied. Look at the chaos now!
你本不应该撒谎的。看看现在这个烂摊子！
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
他不后悔说了他所做的事，但是他觉得他本可以用另一种方式表达。
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he might have done better.
太可惜了！鉴于他的能力和经验，他本可能做得更好的。
You needn’t have come so early. The meeting starts in one hour.
你本不需要来这么早的。会议一小时后才开始。
Share some real situations by using Modals.
①Riding motorbike can be very dangerous.
★can用于肯定句时，表示有时可能会出现的情况。
②You may well get confused after learning these modals.
★may/might可以推测现在的情况、正在发生的情况、过去已经发生的情况以及将来的情况。
③You had lots of homework to do, so you needn’t have bought so many reference books.
★本不需要做而做了
④You shouldn't have left without asking for leave.
★本不该做而做了
must, should, can, could, may, might, modal+have done

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