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专题一　代　词
英语代词（Pronoun）的定义：
代词是一种用来代替名词、名词短语或其他指代对象的词类，其核心作用是避免重复表述、简化句子结构，同时明确指代人、事物、地点、数量或性质等概念。
注意：
代词的指代逻辑—代词通常需要有明确的先行词（即被代替的名词或名词短语），
Eg：Lily lost her pen. She bought a new one.
句中 she 代替先行词 Lily，one 代替先行词 pen。
2. 特殊情况部分代词（如不定代词、疑问代词）可以独立使用，无需先行词。
Eg：不定代词：Everyone is here.
疑问代词：What do you need
英语代词（Pronoun）的分类：
1.人称代词 (Personal Pronouns)
she,he
3.物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)
his,her
2.反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns)
herself,himself
4.指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)
this, that
5.疑问代词 (Interrogative Pronouns)
what,who
8.关系代词 (Relative Pronouns)
that,which
7.连接代词 (Conjunctive Pronouns)
who, which
6.不定代词 (Indefinite Pronouns)
all, both
9.相互代词 (Reciprocal Pronouns)
each other
1.人称代词 (Personal Pronouns)
定义：指代人或事物，有主格（作主语）和宾格（作宾语）之分，
还分第一、第二、第三人称。
主格
宾格
I 我 me
we 我们 us
you 你 you
you 你们 you
he 他 him
she 她 her
it 它 it
they 他们 them
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
Eg:
Linda and Mary are girls. They are my good friends. I like them very much.
2.反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns)
定义：指代动作的承受者就是主语本身，常见形式是 oneself / oneselves，有单复数。
单数
复数
myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己
youself 你自己 youselves 你们自己
himself 他自己
themselves
他们自己
herself 她自己
itself 它自己
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
Eg:
We are middle school students now. We should do many things by ourselves.
3.物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)
定义：表示所属关系，分为形容词性物主代词（后接名词）和
名词性物主代词（独立使用，相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”）。
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
my 我的 mine 我的
our 我们的 ours 我们的
your 你的 yours 你的
your 你们的 yours 你们的
his 他的 his 他的
her 她的 hers 她的
its 它的 its 它的
their 他们的 theirs 他们的
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
Eg:
This is her book.
(形容词性)
This book is hers.
(名词性)
4.指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)
定义：用来指示或标识人、事物、地点等，有单复数和远近之分。
单数
复数
this 这个 these 这些
that 那个 those 那些
远近
近指
远指
eg:
This is an apple tree. These are apples.
eg:
That is a running dog. Those trees are green.
5.疑问代词 (Interrogative Pronouns)
定义：用于构成特殊疑问句，询问人、事物或所属关系。
常见：who, whom, whose, which, what
(1). who
用法：对人提问，在句中作主语。
Eg：Who is the winner of the competition
(2). whom
用法：对人提问，在句中作宾语（是 who 的宾格形式，口语中可被 who 替代）。
Eg：Whom are you waiting for at the school gate
(3). whose
用法：对所属关系提问，后可接名词，也可单独使用。
Eg：Whose notebook is this on the desk
(4). what
用法：对事物、职业、动作等提问，范围较广。
Eg：What do you plan to do this weekend
(5). which
用法：对特定范围内的人或事物提问，后可接名词，也可单独使用。
Eg：Which subject do you like best, math or English
6.不定代词 (Indefinite Pronouns)
定义：指代不确定的人、事物或数量，没有明确的指代对象。
(1). 指人 / 指物类
指人：someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody
指物：something, anything, everything, nothing
Eg：Someone is knocking at the door.
There is nothing in the fridge.
7.连接代词 (Conjunctive Pronouns)
定义：引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等），
兼具连接作用和代词功能。常见：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever
Eg：What she said is true. (引导主语从句)
I don’t know who the little boy is.(引导宾语从句)
8.关系代词 (Relative Pronouns)
定义：引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，同时在从句中充当成分。
常见：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
Eg：The girl who is singing is my sister. 那个正在唱歌的女孩是我的姐姐（妹妹）。
As is known to all, China has a long history.（众所周知，中国历史悠久。）
The river which runs through the city is very clean.（穿过这座城市的那条河很干净。）
9.相互代词 (Reciprocal Pronouns)
定义：表示两者或多者之间的相互关系，只有两个。
each other（两者之间）, one another（三者及以上之间，现代英语中可与 each other 通用）
例：They help each other every day.
The students in the class love one another.
直击中考
一、单项选择
C
A
A
A
3.（2025 上海静安 一模）—Is this yur shoe
—Yes, it is. But where is ________
A．the other B．the others C．other D．another
1.（2025 江苏扬州 中考真题）Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive.
A. its B. our C. their D. your
2.（2025 四川达州 中考真题）—Who left a notebook in the English club .
—It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________.
A. me, Jack’s B. mine, Jack’s C. mine, Jack
4.（2025 晋江 中考真题）—Which do you prefer, tea or coffee
—________ is OK. I don’t care.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both
直击中考
5. （2025 北京）My sister is good at singing. _______ can even sing some French songs.
A. I B. He C. You D. She
6.（2025 福建）Please send my best wishes to ______.
A. her B. she C. herself
7.（2025 甘肃）The purple scarf is not the girl’s. ______ is blue.
A. Its B. Hers C. Mine D. His
8.（2025 广安）The young man didn’t tell the hole to the fisherman and just fixed it by _____.
A. itself B. himself C. herself D. myself
9.（2025 成都）Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her, _____ is more important than a proper plan.
A. nothing B. something C. anything
D
A
B
B
A
A
10. (2025 通化 中考真题）—Look, that’s Mike, your classmate.
—Yes. Let’s go and say hello to ________.
A. him B. he C. her D. hers
英语代词（Pronoun）的高频考点：
考点1.人称代词—主格 VS 宾格
考点3.物主代词—形容词性 VS 名词性
考点2.反身代词—固定搭配+指代一致
考点4.指示代词—this,that.these,those辨析
考点5.不定代词—高频辨析+主谓一致
考点6.易错点—代词的“格”混用
1.人称代词—主格 VS 宾格
核心考点：根据代词在句中成分判断用主格还是宾格
（1）主格（I, you, he, she, it, we, they）→ 作主语
（2）宾格（me, you, him, her, it, us, them）→ 作宾语（动词 / 介词后）
典型考题
填空：______ is a student. (He/Him)
选择：Give the book to ______. (she/her)
He
her
2.反身代词—固定搭配+指代一致
核心考点 1：反身代词必须与主语指代的人 / 物一致
Eg: He taught himself English.（不能用 herself）
核心考点 2：初中高频固定搭配（必考）
(1) enjoy oneself 玩得开心
(2) teach oneself 自学
(3) help oneself to... 随便吃 / 用……
(4) by oneself 独自
典型考题
填空：The children enjoyed ______________ in the park. (them/themselves)
themselves
3.物主代词—形容词性 VS 名词性
核心考点
(1) 形容词性物主代词（my, your, his...）→ 后必须接名词
(2)名词性物主代词（mine, yours, his...）→ 独立使用，不接名词
（= 形容词性物主代词 + 名词）
典型考题
填空：This is ______ pen. That pen is ______. (my/mine)
选择：—Is this bag yours
—No, it's ______. (her/hers)
mine
my
hers
4.指示代词—this,that.these,those辨析
核心考点 1：单复数对应
this/that → 单数名词；these/those → 复数名词
核心考点 2：远近指代（口语 / 写作场景）
(1) this/these → 近指（身边的人 / 物）
(2) that/those → 远指（远处的人 / 物）
核心考点 3：电话用语固定用法
(1) 打电话时用 this 指代自己，that 指代对方
eg：—Hello! Is that Tom
—Yes, this is Tom speaking.
5.不定代词—高频辨析+主谓一致
这是初中代词的难点和重点，考查频率最高的是以下几组：
(1) some vs any
考点：肯定句用 some；否定句 / 疑问句用 any（但表示请求、建议的疑问句用 some）
eg：I have some books. 我有一些书
Do you have any books 你有一些书吗？
Would you like some tea 你想喝点儿茶吗？
5.不定代词—高频辨析+主谓一致
2. both/either/neither（指代两者）
代词 含义 主谓一致
both 两者都 复数动词
either 两者之一 单数动词
neither 两者都不 单数动词（初中默认）
Eg: Both of them are students.
Neither of the answers is right.
5.不定代词—高频辨析+主谓一致
3. all/none（指代三者及以上）
all 全部都 → 复数动词；
none 全部都不 → 单 / 复数动词均可
4. 复合不定代词（someone/anyone/nothing 等）
考点 1：形容词修饰复合不定代词，要后置
eg：something important（不能说 important something）
考点 2：复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数
eg：Everyone is here today.
Eg: All the flowers are gone.（所有的花都谢了。）
None of the food is ready.（没有一点食物是准备好的。）
None of my friends have been invited to the party.
（我的朋友一个也没有被邀请参加聚会。）
6.易错点—代词的“格”混用
常见错误：介词后用主格（如 with he → 正确 with him）
解题技巧：判断代词前是否是动词或介词，是则用宾格。
Eg:
This gift is for her.（这份礼物是给她的。）“for” 是介词，后面接宾格 “her”。
I went to the cinema with them.（我和他们一起去看电影了。）
“with” 是介词，“them” 是宾格形式。
He sat between you and me.（他坐在你和我之间。）
“between” 是介词，“you” 和 “me” 都是宾格。
We are talking about them.（我们正在谈论他们。）
“about” 是介词，“them” 用宾格。
专项练习
一、单项选择
1. My brother is a teacher. ______ often helps his students with their lessons.
A. He B. Him C. His D. Himself
2. —Is this dictionary ______
—No, it isn’t. It’s my sister’s.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
3. The children enjoyed ______ very much at the party last night.
A. they B. them C. their D. themselves
4. It takes ________ half an hour ________ her homework.
A. her; do B. him; to do C. her; to do D. him; doing
5. —Would you like ______ to drink
—Yes, I’d like a cup of tea.
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
A
C
D
C
A
专项练习
二、用所给代词的适当形式填空
1. These books are not ______ (my). ______ (my) are on the desk.
2. The little girl can dress _________ (her) now. How clever she is!
3. My parents love ______ (I) very much, and I love ______ (they) too.
4. She bought a new dress for ___________ (she) as a birthday present.
5. ______ of the students in our class likes English. (each/every)
6. ______ of the twins likes playing basketball. They both like swimming.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All
7. There are lots of trees on ______ sides of the street.
A. each B. every C. both D. all
8. —Which T-shirt do you prefer
—______ is OK. I don’t care about the style.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
C
C
A
mine
Mine
herself
me
them
herself
Each
专项练习
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 我有两个姐姐，她们都是老师。I have two sisters. ______ of them are teachers.
2. 这本书是我的，那本是你的。This book is ______, and ______ one is yours.
3. 请随便吃些水果，孩子们。Help _____________ to some fruits, children.
4. 他自己做了这件事。He did it by __________.
5. 没有什么是不可能的。____________ is impossible.
Both
that
mine
himself
Nothing
yourselves
专项练习
四、句型转换
1. This is her pencil case. (改为同义句)
This pencil case is ______.
2. Both of them are good at singing. (改为否定句)
________ of them ______ good at singing.
3. I will ask someone to help me. (改为一般疑问句)
Will you ask _________ to help ______
4. These are his books. (对划线部分提问)
_________ books are these
5. She taught herself English. (改为同义句)
She learned English by ________.
hers
Neither
is
anyone
you
Whose
herself
直击中考
B
C
B
D
一、单项选择
2.（2025 上海嘉定 一模）The noise from the construction site made __________ hard for me to focus on reading.
A．this B．it C．that D．one
3.（2025 云南）：—Is this Li Mei's volleyball
—Yes, it's ________. Look, there is LM on it.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
4.（2025 四川遂宁）：—At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her.
—She is so lovely that ________ could say no to her.
A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody
1.（2025 扬州 中考真题）—Can I have some more ice cream, Mum
—Sorry. There is ________ left in the fridge.
A. none B. nothing C. no one D. anything
直击中考
B
D
A
D
5.（2025 天津 中考真题）________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________.
A. I; she B. I; her C. My; she D. My; her
6.（2025 黑龙江绥化 中考真题）The lights are still on and please ________ to save energy.
A. turn it off B. turn them off C. turn off them
7.（2025 黑龙江 中考真题）There ________ no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list. We need to add ________ to the salad.
A. is; them B. are; them C. is; it
8. (2025 广东 中考真题）Boys, don’t lose____ in playing Angry Birds. It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.
A. himself B. yourself C. themselves D. yourselves
直击中考
二、语法填空（真题改编）
Nothing
Hers
her
My
both
1.（2025 福建 中考真题改编）My parents love our hometown so much that ______ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
2. （2025 天津 中考真题改编）______ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ______.
3. （2025 甘肃金昌 中考真题改编）The purple scarf is not the girl’s. ______ is blue.
4. 改编自2025·黑龙江）I am really tired after the basketball game. ___________ is better than a good rest.
5. （改编自2025·黑龙江绥化）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ___________ English though he is busy working now.
himself

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