资源简介

(共15张PPT)
Discover useful structures
The Internet
section 3
Unit 3
Present Perfect passive voice
一名敌人已被击杀。
我方队友已被击杀。
你已被击杀了。
An enemy has been slained.
An ally has been slained.
You have been slained.
Have you pay attention to such sentences
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.
How do we call such structure
现在完成时
被动语态
have/has been done
现在完成时的被动语态
be done
have/has done
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
结构
主语 + have/has been done +其他
主语 + have/has not been done +其他
Have/Has +主语+ been done + 其他
特殊疑问词 have/Has +主语+ been done + 其他
我的电脑被送到我办公室了。
My laptop has been sent to my office.
你的电脑被修好了吗？
Has your laptop been repaired
你的电脑什么时候被修好的？
When has your laptop been repaired
用法 --被动语态
语态可以分为______和______，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系
主动
被动
What about present perfect tense
present(now)
future
past
用法-- 现在完成时
现在完成时
过去的动作已结束，但对现在产生影响
过去的动作一直持续到现在，还可能延续下去
用法-- 现在完成时的被动语态
1. 表示动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果；常与 already, yet, just, never, ever, so far, recently 副词连用。
工程已由李华完成了。(结果是现在不用做这项工作了)
The project has already been finished by Li Hua.
医生还没有被派出。(现在应派医生去治病救人了)
The doctor hasn't been sent for yet.
用法-- 现在完成时的被动语态
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
already 已经(肯定句) yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句）
recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起
ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经
so far 迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间
by now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
用法-- 现在完成时的被动语态
2. 表示一个动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long...？句型中。
这个问题已经被讨论了两天。
(两天前开始，今天还在讨论，可能讨论还要持续)
The problem has been discussed for 2 days.
练一练 P30 2
Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.
They’ve built a kind of new PC with more functions.→
A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.
1. 确定新句子的主语，且主语和谓语为被动关系
2. 确定时态（时间副词/结构）
3. 确定谓语的正确形式（被动；have or has）
练一练 P30 2
Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
The software has been downloaded by me to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
An identity card has been lost by someone
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
Has the button been pressed by you to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
Has any comment been made about the online database
注意！
1. 并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如happen, occur, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。
2. 由borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join, die等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态,不能与表示段时间的状语，如for four days, how long等连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。
3. 短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。
The laptop costs me $ 600.
He has been died for three. -- He has died/ has been dead for three years.
The patient has been taken good care. --The patient has been taken good care of.
注意！
1．与一般过去时的区别 (一般过去时的被动 was/were done)
一般过去时所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The film was played in the cinema last Sunday.
The film has been played in the cinema since last Sunday.
2. 与现在进行时的被动的区别：is/am/are being done
现在进行时的被动表示此时此刻/现阶段正在发生的被动动作；现在完成时的被动则强调动作已完成/可能延续。
The machine is being repaired now.
The machine has been repaired.
A:_______ my invitations ____________ (recieve) by Linda and
Mike They are for my birthday party.
B: --No. They seem to know nothing about that.
A: How is it possible All the invitation _______________ (sent)
by e-mail since last weekend.
B:--Maybe they ______________ (take) as Ads by mistake.
Have
been recieved
have been sent
have been taken

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