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练14　词句猜测题——单词指代/句意理解题
限时18分钟
外刊原味14　体裁:记叙文　主题语境:环境保护与可持续发展　难度:★★★☆ @ The New York Times
You can swim in the Seine again. Trust me. I just did. I swam in the Seine on Saturday. A crowd splashed (泼洒) around me, giggling with pleasure and wonder.
Swimming has been banned in the river since 1923 because of boat traffic and pollution. France promised to clean up the pollution, and on Saturday it delivered, opening three dedicated bathing sites in Paris. Two sites were also opened in the Marne River, a tributary (支流) a few miles upstream, in the southern Parisian suburbs.
A study in the 1990s classified the stretch of river running through Paris as having one of the highest levels of heavy metal in the world, according to a history of the river. Now it is clean enough for humans to swim in.
We can thank the Olympics. One way to persuade Parisians to put up with all the tourists and traffic of the 2024 Paris Olympics was to promise to make the Seine swimmable. Organizers promised to clean its waters enough to host the triathlon and marathon swim events, and then, a year later, to open swimming spots for locals. To do that required an Olympic amount of money—a budget of 1.4 billion euros, or $1.65 billion—and an astonishing series of projects.
Regular tests throughout June for bacteria that can cause illness in humans, revealed that the water at the three sites was safe to swim in around 80 to 93 percent of the time based on European standards, according to Paul Kennouche, a microbiologist who heads the city’s water quality department.
Floating in the water, I thought of all the reasons I have fallen in love with Paris—the morning sunlight that bounces between ancient buildings, the competing exhibitions at museums, the respect for literature to the point where even prisoners host a book prize. Now I have another. It is a city that can achieve seemingly impossible things. It is a place where you can swim in the river.
1.Why was swimming in the Seine forbidden before 2024
A. Lack of dedicated bathing sites. B. High heavy metal levels.
C. Heavy river traffic and pollution. D. European safety standards.
2.What does the underlined word “that” refer to in paragraph 4
A. Hosting swimming competitions. B. Establishing public bathing points.
C. Securing necessary financial support. D. Realizing the river swimmability.
3.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning Paul Kennouche’s data
A. The necessity of regular water testing. B. The effectiveness of water management.
C. The ongoing tests on Seine’s cleanliness. D. The challenges in meeting safety standards.
4.How does the author feel about Paris
A. Impressed and proud. B. Hopeful and cautious.
C. Amazed and critical. D. Passionate and sensible.
(2025·南京二模)　体裁:记叙文　主题语境:人与动物　难度:★★☆☆
Anyone who has ever been around a cat for any length of time well knows cats have great patience. Yikes! My cat changed a lot recently. In just a week or so, my calm, adorable, long-haired Rusty turned into the attack cat of the century! It was not what I needed at all! Wasn’t the rest of my life in enough chaos Changes at work. Changes in relationships. I already felt as if my entire world was falling apart. Nothing calmed my cat down either. He ran and dove in every direction. He broke every single rule we had ever had to keep peace in the home we shared. He’d turned into a cat I’d never met before! Finally, I took Rusty to the vet. After careful examination, the vet shook his head, “Not a thing wrong with him, Miss. He’s doing great.”
“No,” I argued with anger. “he’s not great. He’s absolutely awful.” I almost burst into tears.
Then the vet asked the most insightful question that anyone had ever asked me—at least, anytime recently. “So,” said my cat’s kindhearted vet, “how has your life been going lately ” Shock shot through me. “Me ” I stared at him, essentially speechless, ready to throw myself into his cat-cradling arms. I managed a relatively coherent response. “Not so good,” I admitted.
The kindly cat doctor nodded and replied, “Just what I suspected. Often, the human-to-cat bond is so powerful that a perfectly healthy cat will act out in response to his human’s emotional stresses.”
I nodded along, thinking. “Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes!”
“Do your best,” our doctor told us both, “to be calm, patient and kind. Once you’re doing better, then Rusty will do better, too.”
That day turned us around. I got some good, professional treatment for my super stressors.
Rusty got a kinder, gentler me with more ear touches and back petting.
5.Why did the author take Rusty to the vet
A. He suffered heavy hair loss. B. He lost his sense of direction.
C. He became unusually wild. D. He showed temporary inactivity.
6.The author nearly cried because she thought ____________.
A. the vet announced good news B. the vet didn’t find the problem
C. the vet didn’t express sympathy D. the vet drew an awful conclusion
7.What does the underlined sentence imply
A. The author felt understood by the vet.
B. The author was impatient with the vet.
C. The author favored the treatment for Rusty.
D. The author knew Rusty was to recover soon.
8.How did the author feel after visiting the vet
A. Relieved and calm. B. Amused and proud.
C. Motivated and passionate. D. Grateful and determined.
(2025·成都三模)　体裁:议论文　主题语境:做人与做事、生活与学习　难度:★★★★☆
A few weeks ago I bought two orchids (兰花) for my windowsill. After giving them the dose of water they clearly missed in the shop, I started reflecting on how closely plant care and philosophy are connected. The two, I realized, share more than meets the eye.
You care for plants, and enjoy the life that develops thanks to your care, but the process is never finished. It continues until the plant completes its life cycle and then starts all over again. Philosophy works in the same way: new ideas, insights and perspectives are constantly emerging from the care taken with existing ideas. So just as plants grow and bloom, philosophical thinking is an ongoing process of becoming which never really reaches an end point. But it is precisely this constant thinking that keeps us on our toes, stimulates our creativity, and challenges us to leave the beaten track.
Philosophical thinking, like caring for plants, also requires patience. While we think, little seems to be happening. The thinker seems to lose himself in reasoning, an idea, a concept ... In this he resembles the gardener who also plays a largely passive role between sowing and harvesting. In other words, the gardener has to follow the rhythms of nature. He can do little but wait, observe—and perhaps attend to his own thoughts. This waiting, this slowness, this patience we must exercise, are part of philosophy, just as they’re part of gardening.
Furthermore, both gardening and philosophy are far from useful in the traditional understanding of the word. Philosophical thinking rarely produces immediate, concrete results. The same goes for taking care of plants: there are few little economic benefits in watering house plants. But isn’t true happiness to be found precisely in the seemingly useless When I see the spray of water from my watering can, my mind escapes the world of immediate rewards for a moment.
So even watering plants raises more questions than you might think. But isn’t questioning precisely the essence of both philosophy, and of life itself
9.Which best describes the similarity between gardening and philosophical thinking
A. Continuous. B. Unpredictable. C. Inspiring. D. Creative.
10.According to paragraph 3, how are gardeners and thinkers alike
A. They need to follow the natural pace.
B. They must work quickly and efficiently.
C. They both need to experience loneliness.
D. They should set goals before taking action.
11.What does the underlined phrase “the word” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Philosophy. B. Useful. C. Happiness. D. Patient.
12.What’s the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage a simpler way of living.
B. To explain the basic ideas of philosophy.
C. To explore how philosophy improves daily life.
D. To illustrate the link between gardening and philosophy.
练14
作者讲述了塞纳河重新开放游泳的事件,介绍了其曾因航运繁忙和污染被禁泳的历史、奥运会推动下的清理过程及成效,并表达了作者对巴黎实现这一“看似不可能之事”的欣赏与赞美。
1.C　细节理解题。第二段第一句直接指出禁泳原因是“because of boat traffic and pollution (航运繁忙和污染)”。
2.D　代词指代题。第四段前文围绕“让塞纳河可以游泳”展开(清理塞纳河以举办铁人三项和马拉松游泳赛事,并在赛后向公众开放),that作为不定式“To do”的宾语,指代“让塞纳河可以游泳”。“Realizing the river swimmability”是文中“make the Seine swimmable”的同义转述。
3.B　推理判断题。第五段中Paul Kennouche的数据(80%至93%的时间水质符合欧洲安全标准)是对“塞纳河已清理至可安全游泳”这一结论的实证,目的是证明水质管理的有效性。
4.A　观点态度题。第六段明确表达了作者对巴黎的喜爱(fallen in love with Paris),并赞叹其能实现看似不可能之事(achieve seemingly impossible things),表现其亲验成就的自豪(It is a place where you can swim), 由此可推出,作者既钦佩又骄傲,故A项正确。
积累
重点词 ①dedicated adj.专用的;专门用途的　②stretch n.一片;一泓;一段　③impressed adj.钦佩
派生词 (seeming+-ly) seemingly adv.看似;表面上
熟词 生僻义 deliver熟义:vt.递送;传送;发表　生僻义:vt.履行诺言;不负所望;兑现
语块 ①giggle with pleasure高兴得咯咯笑起来　②fall in love with爱上;喜爱
本文主要讲述了作者发现自己的猫行为异常后带其就医,并从兽医那里得知猫的行为变化可能与自己的情绪压力有关的故事。
5.C　细节理解题。第一段描述猫Rusty的行为从“温顺、可爱”突然变得“攻击性强”(如attack cat of the century),表现为“四处狂奔”(ran and dove in every direction)、“破坏规矩”(broke every single rule),甚至“变成一只从未见过的猫(turned into a cat I’d never met before)”。这些异常行为迫使作者带猫看兽医。故选C。
6.B　细节理解题。由第一段的叙述可知,兽医检查后称猫“很健康”,但作者生气地反驳,认为猫的行为“非常糟糕”,甚至几乎要哭出来了。由此可知,作者因兽医未发现问题(实为作者自身情绪问题)而几乎哭出来。故选B。
7.A　推测句子含义题。第三段中兽医询问作者最近生活过得怎么样,听了作者的回复“Not so good”后解释“人与猫之间的联系非常紧密,一只很健康的猫常常会因为主人的情绪压力而表现失常”。 由此可知,画线句中“Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes!” 暗示作者强烈认同兽医的观点并觉得兽医理解自己的处境,即作者感到被理解。故选A。
8.A　推理判断题。由倒数第三段可知,兽医建议作者“保持冷静、耐心和友善”,并指出“主人情绪改善后,猫也会好转”。 倒数第二段提到作者接受了专业治疗,最后一段叙述作者变得更友善、更温柔,作者会更多地抚摸它的耳朵和背部。由此可知,作者最终与猫的关系恢复和谐,情绪转为释然与平静,故选A。
积累
重点词 ①adorable adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的　②relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的;显得开心的　③dive扑,冲,奔(dived/dove; dived/dove)
派生词 ①(in-+activity) inactivity n.无作为　②(insight+-ful) insightful adj.有深刻了解的;富有洞察力的
语块 ①fall apart破碎;破裂;崩溃　②throw oneself into one’s arms冲向某人的怀抱　③act out履行(仪式);将……表演出来;充当　④in response to回应;答复　⑤Shock shot through me.我浑身一震。
作者由买兰花联想到植物养护与哲学的联系,指出二者都具持续性,都需耐心,且在传统意义上都不 “有用”。同时,照顾植物和哲学思考虽看似无用,却可能带来真正的幸福,而质疑是哲学和生活的本质。
9.A　推理判断题。第二段首句提到园艺过程永无休止(the process is never finished), 第三句提到哲学也是如此 (works in the same way), 第四句总结: 就像植物生长和开花一样,哲学思考是“一个不断发展的过程”, 由此推出, 园艺和哲学思考之间的相似性是它们都是连续的过程。故选A。 continuous (持续性的)是原文关键词ongoing (持续的)和never finished (永不终结)的同义转述。
10.A　推理判断题。第三段首句提到哲学思考就像照料植物一样,也需要耐心(requires patience)。第四句提到思考者就像园丁。In other words 后解释: 园丁需遵循自然节奏,只能等待、观察。尾句总结:这种等待、缓慢,这种我们践行的耐心是哲学的一部分,也是园艺的一部分。 由此可知,园丁和思想家相似之处在于都需要遵循自然的节奏。故选A。
11.B　单词指代题。第四段首句的完整逻辑是:园艺和哲学在对这个词的传统理解中都绝不是“有用的”(both gardening and philosophy are far from useful in the traditional understanding of the word),此处通过上下文单词的指代原则可锁定the word指代前文紧邻的词 useful, 故选B。
12.D　推理判断题。作者由买兰花联想到植物养护与哲学的联系,指出二者都具持续性,都需耐心,且在传统意义上都不 “有用”。同时,照顾植物和哲学思考虽看似无用,却可能带来真正的幸福,而质疑是哲学和生活的本质。可知,文章的目的是说明园艺和哲学之间的联系。故选D。
干扰项:A项(倡导简单生活)和B项(解释哲学思想)偏离主题;C项(哲学如何改善生活)虽部分相关,但未覆盖园艺与哲学的双向联系。
积累
重点词 ongoing adj.持续存在的;仍在进行的;不断发展的
派生词 ①(slow+-ness)slowness n.缓慢　②(continue+-ous) continuous adj.不断的;持续的;连续的
语块 ①emerge from从……中产生　②the beaten track常规路线/老路　③keep ... on one’s toes保持警觉/时刻准备　④lose oneself in沉浸于　⑤attend to处理/照料　⑥go for适用于某人(或某事物)(共40张PPT)
第一部分 阅读
练14　词句猜测题——单词指代
/句意理解题
外刊原味14　体裁：记叙文　主题语境：环境保护与可持续发展　难度：★★★ ☆ @ The New York Times
You can swim in the Seine again. Trust me. I just did. I swam in the Seine on Saturday. A crowd splashed (泼洒) around me, giggling with pleasure and wonder.
Swimming has been banned in the river since 1923 because of boat traffic and pollution. France promised to clean up the pollution, and on Saturday it delivered, opening three dedicated bathing sites in Paris. Two sites were also opened in the Marne River, a tributary (支流) a few miles upstream, in the southern Parisian suburbs.
A study in the 1990s classified the stretch of river running through Paris as having one of the highest levels of heavy metal in the world, according to a history of the river. Now it is clean enough for humans to swim in.
We can thank the Olympics. One way to persuade Parisians to put up with all the tourists and traffic of the 2024 Paris Olympics was to promise to make the Seine swimmable. Organizers promised to clean its waters enough to host the triathlon and marathon swim events, and then, a year later, to open swimming spots for locals. To do that required an Olympic amount of money—a budget of 1.4 billion euros, or $1.65 billion—and an astonishing series of projects.
Regular tests throughout June for bacteria that can cause illness in humans, revealed that the water at the three sites was safe to swim in around 80 to 93 percent of the time based on European standards, according to Paul Kennouche, a microbiologist who heads the city’s water quality department.
Floating in the water, I thought of all the reasons I have fallen in love with Paris—the morning sunlight that bounces between ancient buildings, the competing exhibitions at museums, the respect for literature to the point where even prisoners host a book prize. Now I have another. It is a city that can achieve seemingly impossible things. It is a place where you can swim in the river.
作者讲述了塞纳河重新开放游泳的事件，介绍了其曾因航运繁忙和污染被禁泳的历史、奥运会推动下的清理过程及成效，并表达了作者对巴黎实现这一“看似不可能之事”的欣赏与赞美。
1.Why was swimming in the Seine forbidden before 2024
A. Lack of dedicated bathing sites.
B. High heavy metal levels.
C. Heavy river traffic and pollution.
D. European safety standards.
细节理解题。第二段第一句直接指出禁泳原因是“because of boat traffic and pollution (航运繁忙和污染)”。
解析
2.What does the underlined word “that” refer to in paragraph 4
A. Hosting swimming competitions.
B. Establishing public bathing points.
C. Securing necessary financial support.
D. Realizing the river swimmability.
代词指代题。第四段前文围绕“让塞纳河可以游泳”展开(清理塞纳河以举办铁人三项和马拉松游泳赛事，并在赛后向公众开放)，that作为不定式“To do”的宾语，指代“让塞纳河可以游泳”。“Realizing the river swimmability”是文中“make the Seine swimmable”的同义转述。
解析
3.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning Paul Kennouche’s data
A. The necessity of regular water testing.
B. The effectiveness of water management.
C. The ongoing tests on Seine’s cleanliness.
D. The challenges in meeting safety standards.
推理判断题。第五段中Paul Kennouche的数据(80%至93%的时间水质符合欧洲安全标准)是对“塞纳河已清理至可安全游泳”这一结论的实证，目的是证明水质管理的有效性。
解析
4.How does the author feel about Paris
A. Impressed and proud.
B. Hopeful and cautious.
C. Amazed and critical.
D. Passionate and sensible.
观点态度题。第六段明确表达了作者对巴黎的喜爱(fallen in love with Paris)，并赞叹其能实现看似不可能之事(achieve seemingly impossible things)，表现其亲验成就的自豪(It is a place where you can swim), 由此可推出，作者既钦佩又骄傲，故A项正确。
解析
积累
重点词 ①dedicated adj.专用的；专门用途的　②stretch n.一片；一泓；一段　③impressed adj.钦佩
派生词 (seeming+-ly) seemingly adv.看似；表面上
熟词 生僻义 deliver熟义：vt.递送；传送；发表　生僻义：vt.履行诺言；不负所望；兑现
语块 ①giggle with pleasure高兴得咯咯笑起来　②fall in love with爱上；喜爱
(2025·南京二模)　体裁：记叙文　主题语境：人与动物
难度：★★ ☆☆
Anyone who has ever been around a cat for any length of time well knows cats have great patience. Yikes! My cat changed a lot recently. In just a week or so, my calm, adorable, long-haired Rusty turned into the attack cat of the century! It was not what I needed at all! Wasn’t the rest of my life in enough chaos Changes at work. Changes in relationships. I
already felt as if my entire world was falling apart. Nothing calmed my cat down either. He ran and dove in every direction. He broke every single rule we had ever had to keep peace in the home we shared. He’d turned into a cat I’d never met before! Finally, I took Rusty to the vet. After careful examination, the vet shook his head, “Not a thing wrong with him, Miss. He’s doing great.”
“No，” I argued with anger. “he’s not great. He’s absolutely awful.” I almost burst into tears.
Then the vet asked the most insightful question that anyone had ever asked me—at least, anytime recently. “So，” said my cat’s kindhearted vet, “how has your life been going lately ” Shock shot through me. “Me ” I stared at him, essentially speechless, ready to throw myself into his cat-cradling arms. I managed a relatively coherent response. “Not so good，” I admitted.
The kindly cat doctor nodded and replied, “Just what I suspected. Often, the human-to-cat bond is so powerful that a perfectly healthy cat will act out in response to his human’s emotional stresses.”
I nodded along, thinking. “Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes!”
“Do your best，” our doctor told us both, “to be calm, patient and kind. Once you’re doing better, then Rusty will do better, too.”
That day turned us around. I got some good, professional treatment for my super stressors.
Rusty got a kinder, gentler me with more ear touches and back petting.
本文主要讲述了作者发现自己的猫行为异常后带其就医，并从兽医那里得知猫的行为变化可能与自己的情绪压力有关的故事。
5.Why did the author take Rusty to the vet
A. He suffered heavy hair loss.
B. He lost his sense of direction.
C. He became unusually wild.
D. He showed temporary inactivity.
细节理解题。第一段描述猫Rusty的行为从“温顺、可爱”突然变得“攻击性强”(如attack cat of the century)，表现为“四处狂奔”(ran and dove in every direction)、“破坏规矩”(broke every single rule)，甚至“变成一只从未见过的猫(turned into a cat I’d never met before)”。这些异常行为迫使作者带猫看兽医。故选C。
解析
6.The author nearly cried because she thought ____________.
A. the vet announced good news
B. the vet didn’t find the problem
C. the vet didn’t express sympathy
D. the vet drew an awful conclusion
细节理解题。由第一段的叙述可知，兽医检查后称猫“很健康”，但作者生气地反驳，认为猫的行为“非常糟糕”，甚至几乎要哭出来了。由此可知，作者因兽医未发现问题(实为作者自身情绪问题)而几乎哭出来。故选B。
解析
7.What does the underlined sentence imply
A. The author felt understood by the vet.
B. The author was impatient with the vet.
C. The author favored the treatment for Rusty.
D. The author knew Rusty was to recover soon.
推测句子含义题。第三段中兽医询问作者最近生活过得怎么样，听了作者的回复“Not so good”后解释“人与猫之间的联系非常紧密,一只很健康的猫常常会因为主人的情绪压力而表现失常”。 由此可知，画线句中“Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes!” 暗示作者强烈认同兽医的观点并觉得兽医理解自己的处境，即作者感到被理解。故选A。
解析
8.How did the author feel after visiting the vet
A. Relieved and calm.
B. Amused and proud.
C. Motivated and passionate.
D. Grateful and determined.
推理判断题。由倒数第三段可知，兽医建议作者“保持冷静、耐心和友善”，并指出“主人情绪改善后，猫也会好转”。 倒数第二段提到作者接受了专业治疗，最后一段叙述作者变得更友善、更温柔,作者会更多地抚摸它的耳朵和背部。由此可知，作者最终与猫的关系恢复和谐，情绪转为释然与平静，故选A。
解析
积累
重点词 ①adorable adj.可爱的；讨人喜爱的　②relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的；显得开心的　③dive扑，冲，奔(dived/dove； dived/dove)
派生词 ①(in-+activity) inactivity n.无作为　②(insight+-ful) insightful adj.有深刻了解的；富有洞察力的
语块 ①fall apart破碎；破裂；崩溃　②throw oneself into one’s arms冲向某人的怀抱　③act out履行(仪式)；将……表演出来；充当　④in response to回应；答复　⑤Shock shot through me.我浑身一震。
(2025·成都三模)　体裁：议论文　主题语境：做人与做事、生活与学习　难度：★★★★☆
A few weeks ago I bought two orchids (兰花) for my windowsill. After giving them the dose of water they clearly missed in the shop, I started reflecting on how closely plant care and philosophy are connected. The two, I realized, share more than meets the eye.
You care for plants, and enjoy the life that develops thanks to your care, but the process is never finished. It continues until the plant completes its life cycle and then starts all over again. Philosophy works in the same way： new ideas, insights and perspectives are constantly emerging from the care taken with existing ideas. So just as plants grow and bloom, philosophical thinking is an ongoing process of becoming which never really reaches an end point. But it is precisely this constant thinking that keeps us on our toes, stimulates our creativity, and challenges us to leave the beaten track.
Philosophical thinking, like caring for plants, also requires patience. While we think, little seems to be happening. The thinker seems to lose himself in reasoning, an idea, a concept ... In this he resembles the gardener who also plays a largely passive role between sowing and harvesting. In other words, the gardener has to follow the rhythms of nature. He can do little but wait, observe—and perhaps attend to his own thoughts. This waiting, this slowness, this patience we must exercise, are part of philosophy, just as they’re part of gardening.
Furthermore, both gardening and philosophy are far from useful in the traditional understanding of the word. Philosophical thinking rarely produces immediate, concrete results. The same goes for taking care of plants： there are few little economic benefits in watering house plants. But isn’t true happiness to be found precisely in the seemingly useless When I see the spray of water from my watering can, my mind escapes the world of immediate rewards for a moment.
So even watering plants raises more questions than you might think. But isn’t questioning precisely the essence of both philosophy, and of life itself
作者由买兰花联想到植物养护与哲学的联系，指出二者都具持续性，都需耐心，且在传统意义上都不 “有用”。同时，照顾植物和哲学思考虽看似无用，却可能带来真正的幸福，而质疑是哲学和生活的本质。
9.Which best describes the similarity between gardening and philosophical thinking
A. Continuous. B. Unpredictable.
C. Inspiring. D. Creative.
推理判断题。第二段首句提到园艺过程永无休止(the process is never finished), 第三句提到哲学也是如此 (works in the same way), 第四句总结： 就像植物生长和开花一样，哲学思考是“一个不断发展的过程”, 由此推出, 园艺和哲学思考之间的相似性是它们都是连续的过程。故选A。 continuous (持续性的)是原文关键词ongoing (持续的)和never finished (永不终结)的同义转述。
解析
10.According to paragraph 3, how are gardeners and thinkers alike
A. They need to follow the natural pace.
B. They must work quickly and efficiently.
C. They both need to experience loneliness.
D. They should set goals before taking action.
推理判断题。第三段首句提到哲学思考就像照料植物一样，也需要耐心(requires patience)。第四句提到思考者就像园丁。In other words 后解释： 园丁需遵循自然节奏，只能等待、观察。尾句总结：这种等待、缓慢，这种我们践行的耐心是哲学的一部分，也是园艺的一部分。 由此可知，园丁和思想家相似之处在于都需要遵循自然的节奏。故选A。
解析
11.What does the underlined phrase “the word” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Philosophy. B. Useful.
C. Happiness. D. Patient.
单词指代题。第四段首句的完整逻辑是：园艺和哲学在对这个词的传统理解中都绝不是“有用的”(both gardening and philosophy are far from useful in the traditional understanding of the word)，此处通过上下文单词的指代原则可锁定the word指代前文紧邻的词 useful, 故选B。
解析
12.What’s the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage a simpler way of living.
B. To explain the basic ideas of philosophy.
C. To explore how philosophy improves daily life.
D. To illustrate the link between gardening and philosophy.
推理判断题。作者由买兰花联想到植物养护与哲学的联系，指出二者都具持续性，都需耐心，且在传统意义上都不 “有用”。同时，照顾植物和哲学思考虽看似无用，却可能带来真正的幸福，而质疑是哲学和生活的本质。可知，文章的目的是说明园艺和哲学之间的联系。故选D。
干扰项：A项(倡导简单生活)和B项(解释哲学思想)偏离主题；C项
(哲学如何改善生活)虽部分相关，但未覆盖园艺与哲学的双向联系。
解析
积累
重点词 ongoing adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的
派生词 ①(slow+-ness)slowness n.缓慢　②(continue+-ous) continuous adj.不断的；持续的；连续的
语块 ①emerge from从……中产生　②the beaten track常规路线/老路　
③keep ... on one’s toes保持警觉/时刻准备　④lose oneself in沉浸于　⑤attend to处理/照料　⑥go for适用于某人(或某事物)

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