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祈使句 详细讲解+专项习题
一、 祈使句的定义
祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议、劝告或叮嘱的句子，通常省略主语 you（听话人），句末用感叹号或句号。
二、 祈使句的结构
1. 肯定形式
结构类型 例句 中文翻译
动词原形 + 其他成分 Open the door. 打开门。
Please + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Please sit down. 请坐下。
动词原形 + 其他成分 + , please Come here, please. 请到这儿来。
小贴士：please 放句首时，后面不用逗号；放句末时，前面要加逗号。
2. 否定形式
结构类型 例句 中文翻译
Don't + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Don't talk in class. 不要在课堂上说话。
Don't + 动词原形 + 其他成分 + , please Don't be late, please. 请不要迟到。
No + 名词/动名词（常用于警示语） No smoking. 禁止吸烟。
No photos. 禁止拍照。
3. 特殊形式（let 型）
表示“建议一起做某事”，结构为 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他
肯定句：Let's go to the park. （让我们去公园吧。）
否定句：Let's not watch TV. （我们别看电视了。）
三、 祈使句的语调与标点
表示命令时，语调高亢且坚决，句末用感叹号：Be quiet! （安静点！）
表示请求或建议时，语调平缓，句末用句号：Help me carry the box. （帮我搬这个箱子。）
四、 易混点辨析
祈使句 陈述句 区别
Open the window. You open the window. 祈使句省略主语 you，直接以动词原形开头
Don't run. You don't run. 否定祈使句用 Don't 开头，陈述句否定用 don't/doesn't
祈使句专项练习题
一、 用所给动词的适当形式填空
______ (close) the window. It's cold outside.
______ (not draw) on the wall, please.
Let's ______ (read) English books after breakfast.
______ (wash) your hands before meals.
No ______ (talk) in the library.
二、 按要求改写句子
Listen to the teacher carefully. （改为否定句）
Let's go to the cinema this evening. （改为否定句）
Be happy every day. （改为否定句）
Don't play computer games too much. （改为肯定句）
Please turn off the light. （改为否定句）
三、 选择填空
— ______ late again.
— Sorry, I won't.
A. Don't be B. Don't C. Not be
______ the tree. It's dangerous.
A. Not climb B. Don't climb C. Doesn't climb
Let ______ help you with your English.
A. I B. me C. my
______ music, please. I want to relax.
A. Play B. Plays C. Playing
______ photos here. The sign says "No photos".
A. No take B. Don't take C. Don't taking
四、 从方框中选择合适的祈使句补全对话
方框选项：
A. Sit down, please.
B. Don't worry.
C. Let's go together.
D. Open your schoolbag.
E. Don't eat in the classroom.
A: Good morning, class!
B: Good morning, Mr. Li!
A: 1. ____________
B: Thank you.
A: 2. ____________ Let's check your homework.
(After checking)
A: Mike, you don't bring your homework today. 3. ____________ Bring it tomorrow.
Mike: OK, Mr. Li.
A: Now, class. 4. ____________ It's against the class rules.
B: Yes, Mr. Li.
A: It's time for PE class. 5. ____________
B: Great!
五、 翻译句子
请保持教室干净。
不要在走廊里奔跑。
让我们一起打扫房间吧。
禁止随地吐痰。
请把这本书递给我。
参考答案
一、 用所给动词的适当形式填空
Close
Don't draw
read
Wash
talking
二、 按要求改写句子
Don't listen to the teacher carefully.
Let's not go to the cinema this evening.
Don't be happy every day.
Play computer games too much.
Please don't turn off the light.
三、 选择填空
A
B
B
A
B
四、 补全对话
A
D
B
E
C
五、 翻译句子
Please keep the classroom clean.
Don't run in the hallways.
Let's clean the room together.
No spitting.
Please pass me this book.

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