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练27　名词+词法易错失分题
限时20分钟
外刊原味19　体裁:记叙文　主题语境:文化遗产保护　难度:★★☆☆ @ China Daily
Even at 80, Mei Jingtian still patrols the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall.1._____________ over four decades of experience, he skillfully taps the overgrown ground with a wooden stick, alerting wild animals to ensure his safety.
Mei lives in Shixia, a village located near the 8.6-kilometer stretch of the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall, the oldest part of 2._____________ dates back to the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577).
Shixia village residents have a deep affection for the wall. Mei recalls childhood games played on it. However, returning home in 1979 after years away, he was shocked by the 3._____________ (destroy) of the ancient wall, and residents taking its bricks for 4._____________ (house).
To protect 5._____________ wonder, Mei volunteered as a guardian, patrolling 20 km daily to deter brick theft, graffiti and littering. 6._____________ (great) inspired by a 1984 Beijing Great Wall protection campaign, and realizing the significance of heritage protection, many villagers returned 7._____________ (steal) bricks and joined Mei’s patrols.
In 2006, Mei helped establish a local volunteer protection association; about 80 residents became guardians. China 8._____________ (increase) protection efforts significantly since 2015, approving 289 protection and maintenance projects, and over 6,800 guardians nationwide are dedicated to protection work.
The Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall 9._____________ (remain) closed to the public. “My biggest wish,” says Mei, “is 10._____________ (see) heritage well-preserved and available to visit, encouraging more people to join in protecting the Great Wall.”
(2025·青岛三模)　体裁:说明文　主题语境:宇宙探索　难度:★★★☆☆
French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang’e-5 lunar samples, aiming to better understand the moon’s early origins and its 1._____________ (form).
As part of its April 24 announcement, the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France, Germany and the US 2._____________ (borrow) Chang’e-5 lunar samples, further expanding global access to lunar research materials.
Frederic Moynier, a professor at IPGP, 3._____________ (transport) the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China to his lab in Paris. He emphasized 4._____________ rareness of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon’s near side 5._____________ had never been sampled before.
According to Moynier, these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6._____________ (previous) thought. Using isotopic (同位素) analysis, he is identifying origins of various elements 7._____________ (contain) in the lunar soil. His goal is to compare these findings with other missions’ samples to fill gaps 8._____________ the understanding of the moon’s history.
Long Zhengyu, a Chinese PhD student at IPGP, pointed out that foreign 9._____________ (laboratory) can provide analysis and testing conditions for the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China. The project is more than just a scientific effort; it also 10._____________ (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing.
练27
1　80岁的梅景田凭借40余年经验,每日巡逻北京石峡关长城,守护童年记忆中的珍贵遗产。他带动村民归还砖块、成立志愿者守护协会;该段长城虽未开放,但他最大的心愿是妥善保存并开放参观,号召公众一起守护。
1.With　考查介词。介词短语作状语,表伴随。根据语境“凭借四十多年经验”可知,空处填With。
2.which　考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,指代the Great Wall。从句缺介词of的宾语且指物,应用关系代词which引导。
3.destruction　考查词形转换。空处作介词by的宾语,且空前是定冠词the,空后是介词of,指墙体的破坏现象,故填动词destroy的名词形式destruction (破坏)。
4.houses　考查名词复数。此处指居民用砖盖房,house应用复数形式,故填houses。
5.the　考查冠词。空处特指前文提到的长城(Shixiaguan section),应用定冠词修饰名词wonder,指“这个奇迹”。
6.Greatly　考查词形转换。空处修饰非谓语动词inspired,应用副词作状语,且空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填Greatly。
7.stolen　考查非谓语动词。 空处修饰名词bricks,steal与bricks是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语,表被动和完成。故填stolen。
8.has increased　考查动词时态。 空处作谓语,根据句中时间状语“since 2015”可知,该句用现在完成时,主语China为单数,故谓语用第三人称单数,填has increased。
9.remains　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述现状,应用一般现在时,主语“The Shixiaguan section”为单数,动词需用第三人称单数形式,填remains。
10.to see　考查非谓语动词。 空处用不定式作表语,说明主语wish的内容,故填to see。
2　本文主要说明了中法科学家研究嫦娥五号月球样本,发现月球火山活动持续时间比此前认为的长,该项目是全球合作与知识共享的范例。
1.formation　考查词形转换。 空处作动词understand的宾语,且空前是形容词性物主代词its,故用名词formation,不可数。故填formation。
2.to borrow　考查非谓语动词。 allow sb. to do sth.表“允许某人做某事”,故填to borrow。
3.transported　考查动词时态。空处作谓语,且与下一句谓语emphasized时态一致,表发生在过去的动作,应用一般过去时,故填transported。
4.the　考查冠词。 此处特指从月球近侧北部地区采集到的这些样本的罕见性,用定冠词the。
5.that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,本句有两个谓语,空处应填连词或关系词。空后是谓语,故空处填关系词,引导定语从句。先行词a northern region of the moon’s near side指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
6.previously　考查词形转换。空处修饰动词thought作状语,用副词,故填previously。
7.contained　考查非谓语动词。 本句已有谓语is identifying,空处为非谓语动词作定语,contain与逻辑主语elements为动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语,填contained。
8.in　考查介词。句意:他的目标是将这些发现与其他任务所获取的样本进行对比,以填补对月球历史认知上的空白。短语fill gaps in表“填补空缺”。故填in。
9.laboratories　考查名词复数。 laboratory为可数名词,空前无表“一”的限定词,故此处用复数形式,填laboratories。
10.serves　考查动词时态。 空处作谓语,且与前一分句的谓语is时态一致,故此处用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语用三单形式。故填serves。(共17张PPT)
练27　名词+词法易错失分题
第三部分 语法填空练
外刊原味19　体裁：记叙文　主题语境：文化遗产保护　难度：★★ ☆☆ @ China Daily
Even at 80, Mei Jingtian still patrols the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall.1._______ over four decades of experience, he skillfully taps the overgrown ground with a wooden stick, alerting wild animals to ensure his safety.
Mei lives in Shixia, a village located near the 8.6-kilometer stretch of the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall, the oldest part of 2._________ dates back to the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577).
With
which
Shixia village residents have a deep affection for the wall. Mei recalls childhood games played on it. However, returning home in 1979 after years away, he was shocked by the 3._____________ (destroy) of the ancient wall, and residents taking its bricks for 4._________ (house).
To protect 5._____ wonder, Mei volunteered as a guardian, patrolling 20 km daily to deter brick theft, graffiti and littering. 6._____________ (great) inspired by a 1984 Beijing Great Wall protection campaign, and realizing the significance of heritage protection, many villagers returned 7.________ (steal) bricks and joined Mei’s patrols.
destruction
houses
the
Greatly
stolen
In 2006, Mei helped establish a local volunteer protection association; about 80 residents became guardians. China 8._____________ (increase) protection efforts significantly since 2015, approving 289 protection and maintenance projects, and over 6，800 guardians nationwide are dedicated to protection work.
The Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall 9.________ (remain) closed to the public. “My biggest wish，” says Mei, “is 10.______ (see) heritage well-preserved and available to visit, encouraging more people to join in protecting the Great Wall.”
has increased
remains
to see
80岁的梅景田凭借40余年经验，每日巡逻北京石峡关长城，守护童年记忆中的珍贵遗产。他带动村民归还砖块、成立志愿者守护协会;该段长城虽未开放，但他最大的心愿是妥善保存并开放参观，号召公众一起守护。
1.With　考查介词。介词短语作状语，表伴随。根据语境“凭借四十多年经验”可知，空处填With。
2.which　考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，指代the Great Wall。从句缺介词of的宾语且指物，应用关系代词which引导。
3.destruction　考查词形转换。空处作介词by的宾语，且空前是定冠词the，空后是介词of，指墙体的破坏现象，故填动词destroy的名词形式destruction (破坏)。
答案与解析
4.houses　考查名词复数。此处指居民用砖盖房，house应用复数形式，故填houses。
5.the　考查冠词。空处特指前文提到的长城(Shixiaguan section)，应用定冠词修饰名词wonder，指“这个奇迹”。
6.Greatly　考查词形转换。空处修饰非谓语动词inspired，应用副词作状语，且空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填Greatly。
答案与解析
7.stolen　考查非谓语动词。 空处修饰名词bricks，steal与bricks是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语，表被动和完成。故填stolen。
8.has increased　考查动词时态。 空处作谓语，根据句中时间状语“since 2015”可知，该句用现在完成时，主语China为单数，故谓语用第三人称单数，填has increased。
答案与解析
9.remains　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述现状，应用一般现在时，主语“The Shixiaguan section”为单数，动词需用第三人称单数形式，填remains。
10.to see　考查非谓语动词。 空处用不定式作表语，说明主语wish的内容，故填to see。
答案与解析
(2025·青岛三模)　体裁：说明文　主题语境：宇宙探索　难度：★★★☆☆
French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang’e-5 lunar samples, aiming to better understand the moon’s early origins and its 1._____________ (form).
formation
As part of its April 24 announcement, the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France, Germany and the US 2._____________ (borrow) Chang’e-5 lunar samples, further expanding global access to lunar research materials.
Frederic Moynier, a professor at IPGP, 3._____________ (transport) the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China to his lab in Paris. He emphasized 4.________ rareness of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon’s near side 5._____________ had never been sampled before.
to borrow
transported
the
that/which
According to Moynier, these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6._____________ (previous) thought. Using isotopic (同位素) analysis, he is identifying origins of various elements 7.____________ (contain) in the lunar soil. His goal is to compare these findings with other missions’ samples to fill gaps 8.___ the understanding of the moon’s history.
previously
contained
in
Long Zhengyu, a Chinese PhD student at IPGP, pointed out that foreign 9._____________ (laboratory) can provide analysis and testing conditions for the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China. The project is more than just a scientific effort； it also 10.___________ (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing.
本文主要说明了中法科学家研究嫦娥五号月球样本，发现月球火山活动持续时间比此前认为的长，该项目是全球合作与知识共享的范例。
laboratories
serves
1.formation　考查词形转换。 空处作动词understand的宾语，且空前是形容词性物主代词its，故用名词formation，不可数。故填formation。
2.to borrow　考查非谓语动词。 allow sb. to do sth.表“允许某人做某事”，故填to borrow。
3.transported　考查动词时态。空处作谓语，且与下一句谓语emphasized时态一致，表发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时，故填transported。
答案与解析
4.the　考查冠词。 此处特指从月球近侧北部地区采集到的这些样本的罕见性，用定冠词the。
5.that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句有两个谓语，空处应填连词或关系词。空后是谓语，故空处填关系词，引导定语从句。先行词a northern region of the moon’s near side指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
6.previously　考查词形转换。空处修饰动词thought作状语，用副词，故填previously。
答案与解析
7.contained　考查非谓语动词。 本句已有谓语is identifying，空处为非谓语动词作定语，contain与逻辑主语elements为动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语，填contained。
8.in　考查介词。句意：他的目标是将这些发现与其他任务所获取的样本进行对比，以填补对月球历史认知上的空白。短语fill gaps in表“填补空缺”。故填in。
答案与解析
9.laboratories　考查名词复数。 laboratory为可数名词，空前无表“一”的限定词，故此处用复数形式，填laboratories。
10.serves　考查动词时态。 空处作谓语，且与前一分句的谓语is时态一致，故此处用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填serves。
答案与解析

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