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Unit1Time to Relax
Section A How do you spend your free time (3a-3c) 知识清单
原文呈现：
Peter: Hey Yaming! What are you up to
Yaming: Hi Peter. I’m doing calligraphy.
Peter: It’s beautiful! What are you writing
Yaming: It’s a poem by Li Bai. My grandmother taught me how to write it.
Peter: What’s this character
Yaming: It’s yue. It means “moon”.
Peter: It’s nice! I like watching you write like that. But it looks difficult.
Yaming: Well, the first step is always the hardest. When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes.
Peter: I know how that feels! My dad’s teaching me to play the guitar. It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up.
Yaming: Exactly. Now I do calligraphy to relax. I even like how the ink smells! Why did you choose to play the guitar
Peter: I think playing the guitar is cool. Will you teach me to write a poem I can teach you to play a song in return.
Yaming: It’s a deal!
知识详解：
(1) What are you up to 你在做什么呢 (P4 3a )
用法详解：
含义 例句
口语中表“正在做（常指调皮/不寻常的事）” What are you up to 你在做什么呢？
由某人决定 —Shall we go to the park —It’s up to you. —我们去公园吗？—你决定。
达到（数量/程度）；至多有 The price goes up to $100. 价格涨到了100美元。
直到（某时间/地点） The park is open up to 6 p.m. 公园营业到下午6点。
趁热打铁：
1. —______ are you up ______ —I’m reading a book.（填疑问词和介词）
2. It’s ______ to you whether we go or stay.（填介词）
3. The number of students in this class goes up ______ 50.（填介词）
4. The supermarket is open up ______ 10 p.m. on holidays.（填介词）
5. What do you think those boys are up ______ They look suspicious.（填介词）
6. —Should we take the bus or the subway —It’s up ______ you to decide.（填介词）
(2) I’m doing calligraphy.我正在写书法。
用法详解：calligraphy（n.书法） calligrapher书法家n.
do calligraphy 写书法 practice calligraphy练习书法
趁热打铁：
7. I want to be a __________ (calligraphy).
8. I __________ (写书法) every day.
(3) It’s a poem by Li Bai. 是李白的一首诗。(P4 3a)
用法详解：poem诗(n.)—poet 诗(n.)—poetry 诗歌；诗集(n.)
“by”由......（完成/创作），名词+by+作者表示某人写的书/诗/画
(4) When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. 我刚开始练书法时，花了好几个小时练习单个的笔画。(P4 3a)
用法详解：
单词 对象 用法 结构
pay 金钱 主语为人 Sb. pays money for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱
cost 金钱 主语为物 Sth. costs sb. money. 某物花费某人多少钱
spend 时间/金钱 主语为人 Sb. spends time/money on sth. 某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱。 Sb. spends time/money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事。
take 时间 it作形式主语 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间。
spend：花费（时间/金钱）
趁热打铁：
用 pay, cost, spend, take 的适当形式填空
9. This new dictionary ______ me 80 yuan.
10. My mother often ______ money on beautiful clothes.
11. It ______ us two hours to finish our homework yesterday.
12. He ______ 20 dollars for this basketball last week.
13. How much time do you ______ on your hobbies every day
14. The ticket to the concert ______ him a lot of money, but he still bought it.
15. It ______ her half an hour to walk to school every morning.
16. We will ______ a lot of time traveling during the summer vacation.
17. You need to ______ for these books before you leave the bookstore.
18. A new computer ______ a lot of money, so I can’t afford it now.
single:
①adj.单个的 (名词前作定语) There is not a single mistake in his homework.
He did it really carefully.
②adj.单身的;未婚的 （作定语或表语） My uncle is still single and he enjoys traveling around the world alone.
③adj.单人的 I want to book a single room in this hotel because I will stay here by myself.
④adj.单程的 Could you please give me a single ticket to Beijing I don’t need to come back soon.
(5)It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. (弹吉他) 很难，但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。(P4 3a )
用法详解：
encourage (v.)鼓励 encourage sb. (not) to do sth.鼓励某人(不)做某事
give up 放弃，“动词+副词”结构，可单独使用，也可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。宾语为人称代词时，人称代词要放在 give与 up 之间。
例句：We should never give up.我们应该永不放弃。
Stick to your dream. Don’t give it up.坚持你的梦想，不要放弃。
(6) I can teach you to play a song in return. 作为回报，我可以教你弹首歌。 (P4 3a)
用法详解：
return ①回来；归还(n.), 通常用单数形式。 in return (for sth. ) 作为(对……的)回报
例句：Can I buy you some gifts in return for your help 我可以给你买些礼物来答谢你的帮助吗
②回来；返回 (v.) , 相当于 go/come back。
例句：After visiting the museum, we returned home by car. 参观完博物馆后，我们开车回家。
③归还 (v.) return sth. to sb. =give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人
例句：I’m going to return this book to Ella. 我要把这本书还给艾拉。
(7) It’s a deal! 说定了! (P4 3a)
deal ①交易；协议(n.) make a deal (with sb. ) (和某人)达成协议
②对付(v.) 过去式为dealt ; deal with意为 “应付；处理；解决”
(8) How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult 当你完成一件难事时，通常会有什么感受 (P4 3b)
manage：完成(困难的事)；管理
①完成(困难的事)(v.) I finally managed to push the huge box away. 我终于把这个巨大的箱子推走了。
manage to do sth.设法做成某事（通过努力达到目的，结果是成功的）
try to do sth.尽力做某事（强调过程，结果不一定成功）
②管理；负责(公司、队伍、组织等)
manage管理(v.)—manager管理者( n.)—management管理；经营（n.）
答案：
1. What; to 2. up 3. to 4. to 5. to 6. to 7.calligrapher 8.do calligraphy 9. cost / costs 10. spends 11. took 12. paid 13. spend 14. cost 15. takes 16. spend 17. pay 18. costs

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