资源简介

(共26张PPT)
01
自主素养储备
02
探究素养提能
03
课堂学业达标
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 1　Reading and Thinking (Ⅰ)语篇研读课
【素养目标】
1. 掌握本课时的重点单词、短语及句型的用法。
2. 能够使用预测、总结语段大意、选读等阅读技巧帮助理解汉字书写体系发展的说明性语篇, 掌握理解语篇特点及其组织结构。
3. 能够理解并表达关于汉字书写体系的重要性及其对文化传承和文明传播的重要意义。
01
自主素养储备
Ⅰ. 阅读词汇
1. billion 　　 num. _____
2. system n. _______________
3. factor n. __________
4. symbol n. __________
5. dynasty n. __________
十亿
体系; 制度; 系统
因素; 要素
符号; 象征
王朝; 朝代
Ⅱ. 核心词汇
1. _______　　　 n. 尊重; 关注 vt. 把……视为; 看待
2. _______ n. 方式; 方法; 途径
3. ________ n. 要求; 需求vt. 强烈要求; 需要
vi. 查问
4. ______ v. 涉及; 联系; 叙述; 认同
regard
means
demand
relate
Ⅲ. 拓展词汇
1. _____vt. 以……为据点; 以……为基础 n. 底部; 根据
→ ______adj. 以(某事)为基础的; 以……为重要部分(或特征)的
2. ________n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化
→ ________adj. 不同的; 各种各样的→ _____vt. & vi. 使多样化; 变化
3. _______adj. 全球的; 全世界的→globe n. 地球(仪)→globalization n. 全球化
4. ___________vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值
→ ____________n. 欣赏; 感激; 感谢
base
based
variety
various
vary
global
appreciate
appreciation
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. _______　　　　　　 指的是; 描述; 提到; 查阅
2. ________________ 追溯到
3. ________ 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
4. ups and downs _______________
5. lead to _____
refer to
date back (to. . . )
relate to
浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱
导致
02
探究素养提能
Step 1　Pre-reading
Can you recognize the following symbols

These are ancient Chinese characters. And they are picture-based symbols-hieroglyphs (象形文字). They are “人、木、水、力、目、月、日、火” in Chinese.
Step 2　While-reading
Ⅰ. Read the text carefully and fill in the form below.
Time The development of written Chinese
At the beginning A 1. _____________ language
2. ________ carved on animal bones and shells
Shang Dynasty Became a 3. ______________ writing system
Developed into 4. ________ of characters
5. ____ ________ Developed in one direction: 6. _______ characters
Today Communicate in writing of hanzi
picture-based
Symbols
well-developed
varieties
Qin
Dynasty
unified
Ⅱ. Read the text carefully again and choose the best answer.
1. Where were the earliest Chinese characters carved
A. On stones. 　　　　 B. On paper.
C. On bones. D. On pictures.
2. Why did the Chinese writing system once have different forms
A. Because there were many dialects and characters.
B. Because China at that time was divided into several states.
C. Because the writing system was developed well in the Shang Dynasty.
D. Because Qinshihuang was not born then.
3. When was the Chinese writing system developed in one direction
A. During the Shang Dynasty.
B. During the Qin Dynasty.
C. Several thousand years ago.
D. In the modern times.
4. Why do more and more international students begin to be interested in China’s culture
A. China plays a more important role in the world than before.
B. China has the oldest writing system in the world.
C. Hanzi was a picture-based language at the beginning.
D. China went through too many ups and downs in its history.
Sentence Explanation
Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when
people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and
characters.
分析: 主干句为the system developed into different forms。从属连词as引导_____
_____从句。关系副词______引导定语从句, 先行词为______。Over the years为
_____短语, 在句中作时间状语。leading to many varieties of dialects and
characters为动词-ing形式, 在句中作_________。
句意: _______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
原因
状语
when
a time
介词
结果状语
在随后的年代里, 这一体系发展成了不同的形式, 这是由于当时中国人居
住地域的分隔, 从而导致了不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
Step 3　Post-reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
The Chinese Writing System:
Connecting the Past and the Present
　　China is widely known for its ancient civilisation. There are many reasons 1. _____
this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese 2. ________
(write) system. 3. ____the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. By
the Shang Dynasty, these symbols 4. ____________(become) a well-developed writing
system. By the Qin Dynasty, the Chinese writing system began 5. __________(develop)
why
writing
At
had become
to develop
in one direction. The writing system was of great 6. ___________(important)
in uniting the Chinese people and culture. The Chinese writing is an art form,
7. _______(know) as Chinese calligraphy. China’s present 8. ___________
(connect) with its past by written Chinese. Today, the Chinese writing system
is still 9. ___ important part of Chinese culture. And more and more people are
beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this 10. _________
(amaze) language.
importance
known
is connected
an
amazing
【主题情境思考】
1. Why is written Chinese so important for Chinese culture
Because firstly it connects China’s past with China’s present. Secondly, people can read classic books written by Chinese in ancient times. Thirdly, it spreads Chinese culture in the world and serves Chinese.
2. As teenagers, what should we do about the Chinese writing system
We should learn, protect and develop the Chinese writing system well. Besides, we can communicate with foreign friends through written Chinese and make more foreigners learn and appreciate China’s culture and history.
3. How will you help the Chinese writing system survive longer
First, I will learn more about Chinese writing system. Second, I will also help more people realize the importance of written Chinese. Third, I will practice my handwriting well and encourage more others to do so.
03
课堂学业达标
　　Do you know about the differences between American English and British English How did these differences come about There is no quick answer to these questions. At first the language in Britain and America was the same. In 1776 America became an independent country. After that the language slowly began to change. For a long time, the words in America stayed the same, while the words in England changed. For example, 300 years ago the English talked about “fall”. Today most British people talk about “autumn”, but Americans still talk about “fall”.
　　At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages. For example, the British took “typhoon(台风)” from Chinese, while the Americans took “tornado(龙卷风)” from Spanish.
　　Noah Webster was the most important person in the history of American English. In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. He wanted to make American English different from British English. So he changed the spelling of many words. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is almost the same in both British English and American English.
　　With the economic(经济的) development, the USA is playing an important part in the world. The differences between American English and British English are much greater in the spoken language. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了美国英语和英国英语的分化及发展情况。
Ⅰ. Skim the passage quickly and fill in the blank.
The passage mainly tells us _________________________________________
______________.
Ⅱ. Read the passage again and choose the best answer.
1. When did America stop being a part of England
A. In 1707. 　　　 B. In 1828.
C. In 1776. D. In 1991.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第一段In 1776 America became an
independent country. 可知。
the differences between American English and
British English
√
2. Why is British English different from American English
A. Britain decided to change the spelling of many American words.
B. American English changed but British English stayed the same.
C. The Americans and the British took different words from other languages.
D. America is a bigger country.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知美国英语和英国英语都引进
了许多外来词。
√
3. What can we know about Noah Webster
A. He published the first English dictionary.
B. He changed some English grammar.
C. He improved the written English.
D. He changed the spelling of some words.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段So he changed the spelling of many words. 可知答案。
√
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. American English and British English will always stay the same.
B. In the future American English will change but British English will not.
C. British English will change later but American English will not.
D. British English and American English will continue to change in the future.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章主要说明了美国英语和英国英语的分化
及发展。
√(共17张PPT)
01
语法精讲透析
02
课堂学业达标
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures语法精析课
【素养目标】
1. 理解并运用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。
2. 理解in/on/at/during which在定语从句中相当于when、where。
3. 能够用定语从句表达自己喜欢的事物和人。
01
语法精讲透析
关系副词和“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句
【体验·悟】
阅读下面课文原句, 体会黑体词的用法。
1. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
2. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
3. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country
where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by
ancient Chinese people.
【生成·得】
(1)关系副词引导的定语从句是指由关系副词______, ______和_____引导
的定语从句。
(2)“_____+_________”引导的定语从句相当于相应的关系副词引导的定语
从句。
when
where
why
介词
关系代词
【研学·析】
Ⅰ. 关系副词(when、 where和why)引导的定语从句
关系副词when、 where、 why在句中的作用如下:
(1)分别指表示时间、地点、原因的先行词;
(2)在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点、原因状语;
(3)连接先行词和定语从句。
1. 关系副词when引导的定语从句
其先行词往往是表示时间的名词, 且该时间名词与某些介词搭配在定语从句中充当时间状语。
※I can’t forget the year when I studied English in Peking University. (when=in the year)
我忘不了我在北京大学学习英语的那一年。
【点拨迷津】当先行词是表示时间的名词, 但是它在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时, 关系词不用when而是使用that或which或省略。如:
※Do you remember the days (that/which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗
2. 关系副词where引导的定语从句
其先行词往往是表示地点的名词, 且该地点名词与某些介词搭配在定语从句中充当地点状语。
※China is the only country where wild pandas can be found. (where=in the only country)
中国是唯一可以找到野生熊猫的国家。
【点拨迷津】当先行词是表示地点的名词, 但是它在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时, 关系词不用where而是使用that或which。如:
※This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷四十年前建的那座房子。
3. 关系副词why 引导的定语从句
其先行词是reason, 且该词与介词for搭配在定语从句中充当原因状语。
※The reason why he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane.
他没来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。
【点拨迷津】当reason作先行词时, 如果它在定语从句中作宾语, 关系代词只能用that或which或者省略。
※The reason (that/which) he gave for not coming was that his mother didn’t allow him to come.
他给出的不来的原因是他母亲不让他来。
Ⅱ. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. “介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句时, 关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人), 即介词+which/whom, 且不能省略。
※The house in which I lived for ten years has been pulled down.
我曾住了十年的那所房子已经被拆除了。
※The man to whom I talked just now is my teacher.
我刚才与之交谈的那个人是我的老师。
※This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.
这就是我用来写那封信的钢笔。
2. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时, 介词的选择有三个原则: “一先, 二动, 三意义”。
(1)根据先行词的搭配习惯确定;
※I remember
(2)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯确定;
※This is the book
(3)根据定语从句所表达的意义确定。
※Can you see the river across which there is a bridge
你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗
3. 介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词等, 构成“名词/数词/不定代词+of which/whom”结构, 在定语从句中作主语。
※I collected some books, the covers of which(=whose covers/of which the covers)are yellow with years.
我收藏了一些书, 它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。
常温故·勤总结
口诀一:
关系副词三弟兄, when, where, why要分清。
先行词指有分工, 时、地、原因各不同。
先行词入定从中, 如果作状分得明。
关系副词有神通, 连接二者显本领。
口诀二:
介词关代引定从, 功能相当关副用。
选用介词有规律, 一先二动三意义。
短语搭配须多记, 选好用对勤练习。
02
课堂学业达标
Ⅰ. 用适当的关系词填空
1. (2025·八省联考)The theater _______the event was taking place was only about
five blocks from the hotel.
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago
______he suffered from terrible back pain.
3. (2023·北京高考改编)Rankings(排名) are only one reason _____a low value is
placed on teaching in higher education.
4. The house in front of _______there is a beautiful garden belongs to my uncle.
5. The man with _______I worked last year is a famous scientist.
where
when
why
which
whom
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. I’ll never forget the days _____________________________.
我将永远不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。
2. (2025·广州二中高一检测)Historic events inform us of past mistakes ___________
______________________without repeating them.
历史事件告诉我们过去的错误, 我们可以从中吸取教训, 而不会重蹈覆辙。
3. (2025·上海四校联考高一检测)Is this hotel the one __________________________
________free accommodation in exchange for working on the weekend
这家酒店是不是那家为你提供了一份工作, 让你可以在周末工作以获取免费住宿
的酒店
when I worked together with you
from which
we can learn something
that offered you a job where
you got
4. This is the topic ___________________________________yesterday.
这就是我们昨天进行了激烈讨论的话题。
5. (2025·东北师大附中高一检测)The project ____________________________
________ 8 million dollars was regarded as a big success.
二十多个国家捐赠了八百万美元的那项工程被认为是个巨大的成功。
about which we had a heated discussion
to which over twenty countries
donated(共23张PPT)
01
自主素养储备
02
知识素养积淀
03
课堂学业达标
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 4　Reading for Writing (Ⅰ) 要点内化课
【素养目标】
1. 掌握本课时的重点单词和短语的用法:
point of view、demand、description、relate、relate to。
2. 掌握以下实用句型: 疑问词引导的宾语从句。
3. 阅读网络社区征询意见和解决方法的新媒体语篇, 了解其语言特点和问题特征。写一篇关于英语学习的文章。
4. 反思和总结自己在英语学习中遇到的困难, 并积极探索解决方法。
01
自主素养储备
根据汉语提示或所给单词的首字母写单词
1. She never gave up and __________(奋斗, 努力)to live an active life.
2. He noticed a homeless man ________(乞讨)in the streets.
3. (2025·赤峰二中高一检测)We all get ______(同等的) rights regardless of
what nationality we are.
4. As is known to us, there is a generation _____(隔阂) between the young and
the old.
5. (2025·龙东联盟高一检测)Three-fourths of the ___________(公寓) in the
area have no heat so it is not convenient to live in them.
struggled
begging
equal
gap
apartments
6. We should pay special attention to the sea protection as it _______(联系) to
the long-term development in the future.
7. You should not take advantage of his kindness by ___________(要求)too
much.
8. After years of learning, some learners of English still find their v__________
limited.
relates
demanding
ocabulary
02
知识素养积淀
1. struggle n. &vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗
【观察·悟】
※Everyone struggles to live a happy life.
每个人都努力过上幸福的生活。
※From now on, I should prepare myself for the future and struggle for my dream.
从现在开始, 我应该为未来做好准备, 为我的梦想而奋斗。
【生成·得】
①struggle ____________　　 同……作斗争/搏斗
②struggle ____ 为……而奋斗
③struggle _________ 努力做某事
④struggle ___ one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
with/against
for
to do sth.
to
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I’m struggling ____ my freedom and happiness.
②I’ve been struggling ______________(understand)this article all afternoon.
③We had to struggle ____________ strong winds all the way.
完成句子
④Mary ___________________(挣扎着站起来) and fought against the wind and
rain.
for
to understand
against/with
struggled to her feet
2. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物 adj. 相同的; 同样的 vt. 等于; 比得上; 导致, 结果为　派生: equality n. 平等　equally adv. 平等地, 同样地
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Our relationship is close and we’re equals. 我们的关系很亲密, 而且我们是同辈。
※He’s not equal to doing such a tough job.
他不能胜任如此艰巨的工作。
※Nobody equals him in English.
在英语方面没有人能同他相比。
【生成·得】
①be equal ________________ 与……平等; 胜任
②equal sb. ___ 在……能与某人相比
③________ equal 无与伦比
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I’m convinced that I’m equal ___ the job.
②Nobody can equal her ___ intelligence.
③He is a basketball player ________ equal in China.
④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)But ________(equal) important is the mental aspect.
to sth. /doing sth.
in
without
to
in
without
equally
3. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. 强烈要求; 需要 vi. 查问　近义词: ask; need; require　派生: demanding adj. 高要求的; 要求严格的; 苛刻的
【观察·悟】
※They went on strike on Monday in demand of a 30 percent wage increase.
他们于星期一举行罢工, 要求增加百分之三十的工资。
※The teacher demanded that we (should) struggle to achieve our goals.
老师要求我们应该努力实现我们的目标。
【生成·得】
①the demand ____　　　 对……的需求
②___demand of 要求
③___great demand 大量需求
④demand ______sth. 要求做某事
⑤demand that sb. ___________ 要求某人做
⑥demand sth. _______ sb. 向某人要求某物
for
in
in
to do
(should) do
from/of
【点拨迷津】 demand用法点拨
(1)demand作名词且意为“要求; 请求”是可数名词; 作“需求”讲时是不可数名词。
(2)demand作动词且后接从句时, 从句谓语动词用 should do形式, should可以省略。
【内化·用】 语法填空
①English major students are still ___ great demand.
②As population increases, the demand ____ water grows accordingly.
③My father came down and demanded ________(know) what was going on.
④We demanded that we ____________(inform) of any change in the plan they
put forward.
in
for
to know
be informed
4. relate vt. 联系; 讲述　派生: relation n. 关系; 联系 relationship n. 关系 relative n. 亲戚　related adj. 相关的
【观察·悟】
※I can’t relate what he does to what he says.
我不能把他说的和他做的联系起来。
【生成·得】
①relate ___　　　 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
②relate. . . ___. . . 把……和……联系起来; 向……讲述
③be _______ to 与……有(亲属)关系
to
to
related
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I am fond of some interesting news stories ________(relate)to sports.
完成句子
②The children enjoyed ________ their imaginary adventures ___ the visitors.
孩子们喜欢向来客讲述他们幻想中的冒险故事。
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Reading a text on screen may be less successful than
reading on paper, and _______________________________________________.
在屏幕上阅读文本可能不如在纸上阅读成功, 原因与多种因素有关。
related
relating
to
the reasons relate to/are related to a variety of factors
03
课堂学业达标
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. (2025·深圳高一检测)In the short film, you can learn that my school has been
__________(奋斗)for a better future.
2. It’s very rude to stick your _______(舌头) out at people.
3. His writing has improved greatly in this _________(学期).
4. The new ________(地铁) is now being built.
5. He has an ___________(公寓套房) in downtown Manhattan.
6. As we all know, our mental health is of ______(同样的)importance to our
physical health.
struggling
tongue
semester
subway
apartment
equal
7. The gate was locked but we went through a _____(开口) in the wall.
8. It is __________(要求) that every student who signs up for this extra-
curricular English club should fill in the form.
9. I can enlarge my ___________(词汇) by reading works in English.
10. He is very good at the ___________(描写) about the characters of different
figures in his book.
gap
demanded
vocabulary
description
Ⅱ. 用恰当的介词填空
1. I was ___ the point of leaving when you called.
2. (2025·无锡高一检测)For the elderly, health is ___ great importance.
3. He said he had trouble _____ his listening.
4. All living things depend ___ the sun for their growth.
5. We’ll try to get as close as possible ___ the animals so that we can take some
really good photographs.
on
of
with
on
to
6. He asked me some questions relating ___ the subject.
7. He does not know many people in this city aside _____ the Wangs.
8. I gradually fell ___ love with Chinese literature when I started working as a
translator.
to
from
in
Ⅲ. 熟词生义
写出下列黑体词的词性及意思
1. We will appreciate your providing information of the good channels and advice for
us. _______
2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology.
______________
3. (读后续写之动作描写)She turned her face down the hill to her friends, and
regarded the little group. _______
4. In order to make a wise decision, we should take a global view instead of focusing
only on the immediate benefits(利益). __________________
v. 欢迎
adv. 具体地(说)
v. 注视
adj. 整体的; 全面的UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures语法精析课
【素养目标】
1. 理解并运用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。
2. 理解in/on/at/during which在定语从句中相当于when、where。
3. 能够用定语从句表达自己喜欢的事物和人。
语法精讲透析
关系副词和“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句
【体验·悟】
阅读下面课文原句, 体会黑体词的用法。
1. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
2. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
3. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
【生成·得】
(1)关系副词引导的定语从句是指由关系副词when, where和why引导的定语从句。
(2)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句相当于相应的关系副词引导的定语从句。
【研学·析】
Ⅰ. 关系副词(when、 where和why)引导的定语从句
关系副词when、 where、 why在句中的作用如下:
(1)分别指表示时间、地点、原因的先行词;
(2)在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点、原因状语;
(3)连接先行词和定语从句。
1. 关系副词when引导的定语从句
其先行词往往是表示时间的名词, 且该时间名词与某些介词搭配在定语从句中充当时间状语。
※I can’t forget the year when I studied English in Peking University. (when=in the year)
我忘不了我在北京大学学习英语的那一年。
【点拨迷津】当先行词是表示时间的名词, 但是它在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时, 关系词不用when而是使用that或which或省略。如:
※Do you remember the days (that/which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗
2. 关系副词where引导的定语从句
其先行词往往是表示地点的名词, 且该地点名词与某些介词搭配在定语从句中充当地点状语。
※China is the only country where wild pandas can be found. (where=in the only country)
中国是唯一可以找到野生熊猫的国家。
【点拨迷津】当先行词是表示地点的名词, 但是它在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时, 关系词不用where而是使用that或which。如:
※This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷四十年前建的那座房子。
3. 关系副词why 引导的定语从句
其先行词是reason, 且该词与介词for搭配在定语从句中充当原因状语。
※The reason why he didn’t come to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane.
他没来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。
【点拨迷津】当reason作先行词时, 如果它在定语从句中作宾语, 关系代词只能用that或which或者省略。
※The reason (that/which) he gave for not coming was that his mother didn’t allow him to come.
他给出的不来的原因是他母亲不让他来。
Ⅱ. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. “介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句时, 关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人), 即介词+which/whom, 且不能省略。
※The house in which I lived for ten years has been pulled down.
我曾住了十年的那所房子已经被拆除了。
※The man to whom I talked just now is my teacher.
我刚才与之交谈的那个人是我的老师。
※This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.
这就是我用来写那封信的钢笔。
2. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时, 介词的选择有三个原则: “一先, 二动, 三意义”。
(1)根据先行词的搭配习惯确定;
※I remember
(2)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯确定;
※This is the book
(3)根据定语从句所表达的意义确定。
※Can you see the river across which there is a bridge
你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗
3. 介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词等, 构成“名词/数词/不定代词+of which/whom”结构, 在定语从句中作主语。
※I collected some books, the covers of which(=whose covers/of which the covers)are yellow with years.
我收藏了一些书, 它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。
常温故·勤总结
口诀一:
关系副词三弟兄, when, where, why要分清。
先行词指有分工, 时、地、原因各不同。
先行词入定从中, 如果作状分得明。
关系副词有神通, 连接二者显本领。
口诀二:
介词关代引定从, 功能相当关副用。
选用介词有规律, 一先二动三意义。
短语搭配须多记, 选好用对勤练习。
课堂学业达标
Ⅰ. 用适当的关系词填空
1. (2025·八省联考)The theater where the event was taking place was only about five blocks from the hotel.
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
3. (2023·北京高考改编)Rankings(排名) are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
4. The house in front of which there is a beautiful garden belongs to my uncle.
5. The man with whom I worked last year is a famous scientist.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
我将永远不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。
2. (2025·广州二中高一检测)Historic events inform us of past mistakes from which we can learn something without repeating them.
历史事件告诉我们过去的错误, 我们可以从中吸取教训, 而不会重蹈覆辙。
3. (2025·上海四校联考高一检测)Is this hotel the one that offered you a job where you got free accommodation in exchange for working on the weekend
这家酒店是不是那家为你提供了一份工作, 让你可以在周末工作以获取免费住宿的酒店
4. This is the topic about which we had a heated discussion yesterday.
这就是我们昨天进行了激烈讨论的话题。
5. (2025·东北师大附中高一检测)The project to which over twenty countries donated 8 million dollars was regarded as a big success.
二十多个国家捐赠了八百万美元的那项工程被认为是个巨大的成功。
能力提升 请使用 课时素养检测二十三UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 2　Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)要点内化课
【素养目标】
1. 学习并掌握以下重点单词和短语:
despite、means、classic、regard、character、appreciate、ups and downs、date back to。
2. 掌握下列实用句型:
it was a time when. . . ; no matter where. . .
3. 能够根据语境正确地运用所学单词、短语和句型。
自主素养储备
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出单词
1. (2025·无锡高一检测)I have confidence in mastering the riding skills despite(尽管)some challenges.
2. (2025·南京高一检测)One of the key factors(因素) of the metabolic(新陈代谢的)rate is our muscles.
3. His positive attitude (态度) inspired many people who were stuck in illness.
4. The dialect (方言) is spoken widely in the rural areas.
5. If you are a teenager who struggles to learn English, the following specific (明确的)tips may contribute to your success.
6. (2025·商洛高一检测)In ancient China, poets considered the moon as a symbol(象征)of brightness, purity and goodness.
7. Calligraphy(书法), native to China, is the symbol of traditional Chinese culture.
Ⅱ. 根据语境和提示词写出正确的单词
1. The picture was/is carved (carve) on the surface of wood.
2. China has a long history with many dynasties (dynasty) and lots of famous characters.
3. I am Lily, a senior student from Hebei University, majoring (major) in medicine.
4. When we’re on holiday in Canada, we live like the natives(native).
5. Li Bai, who was regarded (regard) as a great poet, is the ancient Chinese celebrity I admire most.
6. Nowadays, global (globe) warming is becoming a concern of people all over the world.
7. China is becoming a powerful country in international affairs (affair).
8. Chinese arts have won the appreciation(appreciate) of a lot of people overseas.
词汇微空间 动词去“e”+“ion”构成名词
operate 做手术; 操作→operation 手术; 操作 educate 教育→education 教育 appreciate 欣赏; 感激→appreciation 欣赏; 感激 pollute 污染→pollution 污染 translate 翻译→translation 翻译
Ⅲ. 根据语境选择短语并用其适当形式填空
ups and downs; date back to; base. . . on. . . ; a variety of; by means of; with regard to;
be of great importance; be connected with; refer to
1. Edison based his ideas on scientific experiment.
2. Using body language in a correct way is of great importance.
3. Though he has had ups and downs, I believe that he will succeed some day.
4. (2025·河南名校联考高一检测)The history of Teachers’ Day dates back to the Han Dynasty.
5. A variety of books are intended for children of different ages.
6. China’s present is connected with its past by means of written Chinese.
7. With regard to his suggestions we shall discuss them fully.
8. They succeeded by means of hard working.
9. (2025·青岛高一检测)While reading English articles, don’t refer to a dictionary every time you come across new words.
知识素养积淀
1. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 叫……求助于　派生: reference n. 参考(书); 提及
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.
代词指的是前面提到的物或人。
※I referred her to our English teacher for help.
我叫她求助于我们的英语老师。
※(应用文之传统文化)It is well-known that Chinese calligraphy is referred to as the treasure of traditional Chinese culture. 人们普遍认为, 中国书法被称为中国传统文化的瑰宝。
【生成·得】
①refer to (to是介词)　　 指的是
②refer to . . . as. . . 把……称为……
③refer sb. to 叫某人求助于
④refer sth. to 把某事归功于
【易混辨析】
refer to当“查阅”讲时, 后多接查阅的范围; look up当“查阅”讲时, 后多接查阅的内容。
【内化·用】 完成句子
①The woman who was referred to (被提到)in the graduation speech was his English teacher, who left a deep impression on him with her impressive teaching skills.
②Refer to (查阅)the dictionary when you don’t know the exact meaning of a word.
③You can look up (查阅) this character in the vocabulary.
语法填空
④The boss didn’t make any reference (refer) to his former employer.
2. base vt. 以……为据点; 以……为基础 n. 底部; 根据　派生: basis n. 基础　based adj. 以……为基础的
【观察·悟】
(2025·天津高一检测)AI can invent recipes based on what a kitchen has.
人工智能可以根据厨房中的食材发明食谱。
※A lawyer must base himself on facts and take law as the criterion.
律师执业必须以事实为依据, 以法律为准绳。
【生成·得】
①base. . . on. . . 把……建立在……上
②be based on 以……为基础
③at the base of 以……为基点; 在……的底部
【易混辨析】
base作名词用时, 多指具体事物的底部或底座。
basis指抽象事物的基础。
【内化·用】 完成句子
①You should base your opinion on facts (把你的观点建立在事实基础之上).
②Theory is based on practice (以实践为基础) and in turn serves practice.
③They found the plane at the base of (在……的底部)the mountain.
3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化　派生: various adj. 各种各样的
【观察·悟】
※(2025·顺义高一检测)Nowadays, teenagers are faced with a variety of problems.
现如今, 青少年们面临着各种各样的问题。
【生成·得】
①a variety of 　　　 多种多样的
②varieties of 各种各样的
③the variety of ……的品种/多样性
【点拨迷津】 variety有关短语的主谓一致问题
a variety of
varieties of谓语常用复数
the variety of谓语用单数
【内化·用】 语法填空
①There are (be) a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
②The variety of his writing is (be) astonishing.
③Many varieties of natural soaps are sold (sell) in the market.
④Darwin’s interest in various(vary)living things made him a great naturalist.
4. regard n. 尊重; 关注 vt. 把……视为; 看待　派生: regarding prep. 关于　regardless adv. 不管怎样, 无论如何
【观察·悟】
※I am sure everybody will have a good time and regard it as an unforgettable experience.
我相信大家都会玩得很开心并且把它视为一次难忘的经历。
※(应用文之介绍信)Hearing that you and your friends are going to pursue your study in China, I want to convey my best regards to you.
听说你和你的朋友要去中国学习, 我想向你表达我最诚挚的问候。(易错提醒: regard表示“问候”时, 要用复数形式。)
【生成·得】
①regard. . . as/(to be). . . 　 把……视为……
②show/have regard for 关心; 关注
③give one’s best regards to 代某人向……致以最诚挚的问候
④with/in regard to 关于/至于
⑤regardless of 不管, 不顾
【内化·用】 语法填空
①Please give my best regards(regard) to your father and I hope he will recover soon.
完成句子
②Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded as one of the best forms of exercise.
如今, 骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样都被认为是最好的锻炼方式之一。
5. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值　派生: appreciation　n. 感激; 欣赏
【观察·悟】
※I really appreciate having the opportunity to get this job.
我真的很感激得到这个工作的机会。
※(应用文之建议信)I’d appreciate it if you offer some constructive advice on my English study.
如果你对我的英语学习提供一些建设性的建议, 我将不胜感激。
※(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Moreover, it was a sensory feast that heightened my perception and appreciation for the beauty of our natural world even more.
此外, 这是一场感官盛宴, 更加提升了我对自然世界之美的感知和欣赏力。
【生成·得】
①appreciate doing sth. 　　　 喜欢/愿意做某事
②appreciate it if/when . . . 假如……/当……时不胜感激
③express one’s appreciation 表达某人的感激
【点拨迷津】 appreciate用法点拨
(1)appreciate表示“感谢”时, 宾语为物(help, kindness等); thank的宾语则为人。
(2)appreciate, like, hate, depend on等后接that, when, if引导的从句时, 需要在从句前加it。
※Many people hate it when he boasts himself.
很多人讨厌他吹嘘自己。
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I appreciate your giving (give) me so much of your time.
②I’m writing this letter to express our sincere appreciation (appreciate) to you for teaching us English this year.
完成句子
③I would appreciate it (我很感激)if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
6. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天, 不论住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言, 中国人都仍能通过书写进行交流。
【观察·悟】
※(2023·浙江1月高考)But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
但是, 无论你什么时候旅行, 最好至少在90天前预约。
【生成·得】
“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句时, 相当于“特殊疑问词-ever”引导的从句。
【内化·用】完成句子
①No matter where/Wherever one goes(无论一个人去哪里), he can never forget his hometown.
②(2025·邵阳二中高一检测)No matter what/Whatever happens(无论发生什么), stick to your plan!
③(2025·庆阳一中高一检测)One can always manage to do more things, no matter how/however full one’s schedule is(不管一个人的日程表有多满).
【备选要点】
1. native adj. 出生地的; 本地的; 土著的 n. 本地人
【观察·悟】
※Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions. 当然, 作为一个以英语为母语的人, 你可以给我一些建议。
※The koala is a kind of animal that is native to Australia. 考拉是原产于澳大利亚的一种动物。
【生成·得】
①native language 　　　 母语; 本族语
②be native to 原产于; 是……特有的
【内化·用】完成句子
①The panda is native to China.
熊猫是中国特有的动物。
②She spoke not only her native language, Swedish, but also English and French.
她不仅讲自己的母语瑞典语, 还讲英语和法语。
语法填空
③Nowadays, we can find many plants native to America, such as tobaccos and potatoes.
2. no/neither. . . nor. . . 既不……, 也不……
【观察·悟】
※Neither I nor she knows anything about driving.
我和她都不会开车。
【生成·得】
①no/neither. . . nor. . . 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词与nor 后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
②“neither/nor+助动词+主语”结构表示“主语也不……”。
【内化·用】 完成句子
①There is no love without reason, nor free lunch on earth.
世上从来没有无缘无故的爱, 也没有免费的午餐。
②Neither dad nor mum is at home today.
今天父母都不在家。
③He can’t drive a car. Neither/Nor can I.
他不会开车。我也不会。
3. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究　派生: majority n. 多数
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
秦始皇把七个主要的小国统一成为一个统一的国家, 在这里汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。
※He majors in engine technology in this institute. 他在这所学院主修发动机技术。
※The majority is/are in favour of banning smoking. 大多数人支持禁烟。
※In the nursing profession, women are in a/the majority.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
【生成·得】
①major in 　　　　　 主修
②in a/the majority 占多数
【点拨迷津】
“a/the majority of+复数可数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。
the majority 单独作主语时, 谓语动词用单、复数均可。
【内化·用】
一句多译
①我是数学专业的。
My major is maths. /I am a maths major. /I major in maths.
完成句子
②The major subjects (主要科目) in senior high schools are Chinese, English and mathematics.
③The majority of the boys are against (反对) the idea.
④It seems that a majority of people (多数人) like watching TV rather than listening to the radio.
4. means n. 方式; 方法; 途径　
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
书面汉语也已经成了连接中国现在与过去的一种重要途径。
※You must finish the work in time by any means.
你无论如何都要及时完成这项工作。
※He made lots of money by means of working hard. 他通过辛勤劳动挣了许多钱。
※By no means is she ready to quit her study. 她从来也没准备要辍学。
【生成·得】
①by means of　　 借助于
②by any means 无论如何
③by no means 绝不
④by all means 务必; 一定
【点拨迷津】
means是单、复数同形的词, 它作主语时, 其谓语动词的单复数要根据句意确定。
【巧学助记】
【内化·用】 完成句子
①They stay in touch by means of (借助于)email.
②This is by no means (绝不) a good way to solve the problem.
③You should by all means (务必) warn him before he leaves for Singapore.
句型转换
④Plastic pollution will by no means be avoided if we don’t make an effort.
→By no means will plastic pollution be avoided if we don’t make an effort.
5. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 在随后的年代里, 这一体系发展成了不同的形式, 这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔, 从而导致了不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
【观察·悟】
※It was a time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
那是一个没有收音机, 没有电话, 也没有电视的时期。
※It was a time when many young people went to the countryside.
那是一个许多年轻人去农村的时代。
※This was a time when you had to keep calm.
这段时间你必须保持镇定。
※There was a time when mini skirt was in fashion.
迷你裙曾经一度很流行。
【生成·得】
①it/that/this was a time when. . . 　 那/这是一个……的时期
②there was a time when. . . 曾经一度/有一段时间……
【点拨迷津】
含有time的常用句式:
It’s time for sth. /doing sth. 是做某事的时候了
It’s time (for sb. ) to do sth. 是该(某人)做某事的时候了
It’s high time that. . . 现在是该某人做某事的时候了
The first time+从句 第一次做某事时
It is the first/second/. . . time that. . . 是某人第一次/第二次/……做某事
【内化·用】 完成句子
①There was a time when this kind of rock and roll music was quite popular.
有一段时间这种摇滚音乐很流行。
语法填空
②(2025·池州高一检测改编)If you want to prepare well for the exam and go over notes for class, you should find a time when you feel the most energetic to study.
课堂学业达标
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. Do you know how many billion (十亿) people speak the UN’s official language as their native (本地的)or second language
2. I think the system (系统)the man referred (提到)to at the meeting was very modern. What is your attitude (态度)toward it
3. Despite (尽管)many ups and downs(兴衰), ancient Chinese civilisation has continued all the way through into modern times.
4. The book follows four characters (人物), loosely based (以……为基础)on my uncles.
5. He carved (雕刻)a sunflower on the stone, which was regarded as a symbol (象征)of strength.
6. As we all know, in the Shang Dynasty, there were many varieties (多样化)of dialects (方言)and characters.
7. At university he majored (主修)in English. Then he became an English teacher, and found teaching was by no means (方法)an easy thing.
8. He was the most popular writer at the time and his works are still regarded (把……视为)as classics (经典作品)now.
9. He believes it is an important factor (因素), which leads to global (全球的)warming.
10. He gave us a few specific (具体的)examples to appreciate (领会), and asked us to follow them dealing with the affair (事件).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2025·连云港高一检测)Secondly, keep in mind that good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance/are equally important(同等重要).
2. A wide variety of (各种各样的) activities have been offered to students after class varying from playing table tennis to playing chess.
3. Technology and education could play a major role in (在……中起主要作用) the development of society.
4. Dating back to the 18th century(追溯到18世纪), Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
5. My choices are based on (基于……) the lifestyle I want.
6. In this rapidly developing society, we need to have/develop a positive attitude to/towards life(需要对生活有积极的态度).
7. From my point of view, vocabulary is regarded as (被认为是)the top concern of English study.
8. Thanks to the Internet, you can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing(无论你在哪里或你在做什么).
Ⅲ. 一词多义
选出refer to的意思。
A. 提到; 提及　B. 称作; 看作　C. 参考; 查阅　D. 指的是
1. (2024·新高考I卷)First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super”, referring to a 52. 4-mile double marathon. 　D　
2. (2025·成都高一检测)He is referred to as the father of the atomic bomb. 　B　
3. The student successfully delivered the English speech without referring to the notes. 　C　
4. (2025·南汇中学高一检测)The teacher frequently refers to the students’ previous assignments to explain how they could avoid common mistakes in the future. 　A　
能力提升 请使用 课时素养检测二十二UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 1　Reading and Thinking (Ⅰ)语篇研读课
【素养目标】
1. 掌握本课时的重点单词、短语及句型的用法。
2. 能够使用预测、总结语段大意、选读等阅读技巧帮助理解汉字书写体系发展的说明性语篇, 掌握理解语篇特点及其组织结构。
3. 能够理解并表达关于汉字书写体系的重要性及其对文化传承和文明传播的重要意义。
自主素养储备
Ⅰ. 阅读词汇
1. billion 　　 num. 十亿
2. system n. 体系; 制度; 系统
3. factor n. 因素; 要素
4. symbol n. 符号; 象征
5. dynasty n. 王朝; 朝代
Ⅱ. 核心词汇
1. regard　　　n. 尊重; 关注 vt. 把……视为; 看待
2. means n. 方式; 方法; 途径
3. demand n. 要求; 需求vt. 强烈要求; 需要
vi. 查问
4. relate v. 涉及; 联系; 叙述; 认同
Ⅲ. 拓展词汇
1. base vt. 以……为据点; 以……为基础 n. 底部; 根据→ based adj. 以(某事)为基础的; 以……为重要部分(或特征)的
2. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→ various adj. 不同的; 各种各样的
→ vary vt. & vi. 使多样化; 变化
3. global adj. 全球的; 全世界的→globe n. 地球(仪)→globalization n. 全球化
4. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→ appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激; 感谢
Ⅳ. 重点短语
1. refer to　　　　　　 指的是; 描述; 提到; 查阅
2. date back (to. . . ) 追溯到
3. relate to 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
4. ups and downs 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱
5. lead to 导致
探究素养提能
Step 1　Pre-reading
Can you recognize the following symbols
These are ancient Chinese characters. And they are picture-based symbols-hieroglyphs (象形文字). They are “人、木、水、力、目、月、日、火” in Chinese.
Step 2　While-reading
Ⅰ. Read the text carefully and fill in the form below.
Time The development of written Chinese
At the beginning A 1. picture-based language 2. Symbols carved on animal bones and shells
Shang Dynasty Became a 3. well-developed writing system Developed into 4. varieties of characters
5. Qin Dynasty Developed in one direction: 6. unified characters
Today Communicate in writing of hanzi
Ⅱ. Read the text carefully again and choose the best answer.
1. Where were the earliest Chinese characters carved
A. On stones. 　　　　 B. On paper.
C. On bones. D. On pictures.
2. Why did the Chinese writing system once have different forms
A. Because there were many dialects and characters.
B. Because China at that time was divided into several states.
C. Because the writing system was developed well in the Shang Dynasty.
D. Because Qinshihuang was not born then.
3. When was the Chinese writing system developed in one direction
A. During the Shang Dynasty.
B. During the Qin Dynasty.
C. Several thousand years ago.
D. In the modern times.
4. Why do more and more international students begin to be interested in China’s culture
A. China plays a more important role in the world than before.
B. China has the oldest writing system in the world.
C. Hanzi was a picture-based language at the beginning.
D. China went through too many ups and downs in its history.
答案: 1~4. CBBA
Sentence Explanation
Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
分析: 主干句为the system developed into different forms。从属连词as引导原因状语从句。关系副词when引导定语从句, 先行词为a time。Over the years为介词短语, 在句中作时间状语。leading to many varieties of dialects and characters为动词-ing形式, 在句中作结果状语。
句意: 在随后的年代里, 这一体系发展成了不同的形式, 这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔, 从而导致了不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
Step 3　Post-reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
The Chinese Writing System:
Connecting the Past and the Present
　　China is widely known for its ancient civilisation. There are many reasons 1. why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese 2. writing (write) system. 3. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols
4. had become (become) a well-developed writing system. By the Qin Dynasty, the Chinese writing system began 5. to develop(develop) in one direction. The writing system was of great
6. importance (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. The Chinese writing is an art form, 7. known(know) as Chinese calligraphy. China’s present 8. is connected(connect) with its past by written Chinese. Today, the Chinese writing system is still 9. an important part of Chinese culture. And more and more people are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this 10. amazing (amaze) language.
【主题情境思考】
1. Why is written Chinese so important for Chinese culture
Because firstly it connects China’s past with China’s present. Secondly, people can read classic books written by Chinese in ancient times. Thirdly, it spreads Chinese culture in the world and serves Chinese.
2. As teenagers, what should we do about the Chinese writing system
We should learn, protect and develop the Chinese writing system well. Besides, we can communicate with foreign friends through written Chinese and make more foreigners learn and appreciate China’s culture and history.
3. How will you help the Chinese writing system survive longer
First, I will learn more about Chinese writing system. Second, I will also help more people realize the importance of written Chinese. Third, I will practice my handwriting well and encourage more others to do so.
课堂学业达标
　　Do you know about the differences between American English and British English How did these differences come about There is no quick answer to these questions. At first the language in Britain and America was the same. In 1776 America became an independent country. After that the language slowly began to change. For a long time, the words in America stayed the same, while the words in England changed. For example, 300 years ago the English talked about “fall”. Today most British people talk about “autumn”, but Americans still talk about “fall”.
　　At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages. For example, the British took “typhoon(台风)” from Chinese, while the Americans took “tornado(龙卷风)” from Spanish.
　　Noah Webster was the most important person in the history of American English. In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. He wanted to make American English different from British English. So he changed the spelling of many words. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is almost the same in both British English and American English.
　　With the economic(经济的) development, the USA is playing an important part in the world. The differences between American English and British English are much greater in the spoken language. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了美国英语和英国英语的分化及发展情况。
Ⅰ. Skim the passage quickly and fill in the blank.
The passage mainly tells us the differences between American English and British English.
Ⅱ. Read the passage again and choose the best answer.
1. When did America stop being a part of England
A. In 1707. 　　　 B. In 1828.
C. In 1776. D. In 1991.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第一段In 1776 America became an independent country. 可知。
2. Why is British English different from American English
A. Britain decided to change the spelling of many American words.
B. American English changed but British English stayed the same.
C. The Americans and the British took different words from other languages.
D. America is a bigger country.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知美国英语和英国英语都引进了许多外来词。
3. What can we know about Noah Webster
A. He published the first English dictionary.
B. He changed some English grammar.
C. He improved the written English.
D. He changed the spelling of some words.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段So he changed the spelling of many words. 可知答案。
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. American English and British English will always stay the same.
B. In the future American English will change but British English will not.
C. British English will change later but American English will not.
D. British English and American English will continue to change in the future.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章主要说明了美国英语和英国英语的分化及发展。
能力提升 请使用 课时素养检测二十一UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
话题美文赏读
主题语境: 人与社会——世界语言
　　Today, American English is in common international use. It is different from British English in several ways, mostly in spelling and vocabulary. Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries. He changed“-re”spellings to“-er”, which is why theatre is spelt theater in American English.
　　The Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things. For example, Americans talk about putting gas in their cars and driving along the highway, whereas in the UK, people put petrol in their cars and drive along the motorway. Americans take the elevator to the top floor of a building, but the British use the lift. In the US, they take the subway, but in the UK, people travel on the underground. Americans live in an apartment, while the British live in a flat.
　　It’s not as confusing as it seems: usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context. But that doesn’t stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the“right”one!
(节选自外研版必修 第一册 Unit 2)
【话题词汇】
1. vocabulary　　 n. 词汇(量)
2. gas n. (美)汽油
3. petrol n. (英)汽油
4. subway n. 地铁; 地下人行道
5. apartment n. 公寓套房
6. context n. (想法、事件等的)背景; 上下文
话题听说汇
Ⅰ. 看图配词
1. Look at the pictures. Can you speak them in American English and British English
2. Discussion:
The pictures tell us the differences between American English and British English.
Ⅱ. 读音写词
1. attitude/ t tju d/　　　 2. billion/ b lj n/
3. native/ ne t v/ 4. refer/r f (r)/
5. system/ s st m/ 6. struggle/ str ɡl/
7. tongue/t / 8. German/ d m n/
9. Japanese/ d p ni z/ 10. Korean/k ri n/
Ⅲ. 读词辨音
1. 　　(BrE) attitude; 　　　(AmE) attitude
2. 　　(BrE)either; 　　　(AmE)either
3. 　　(BrE)leisure; 　　　(AmE)leisure
4. 　　(BrE)tomato; 　　　(AmE)tomato
5. 　　(BrE)progress; 　　　(AmE)progress
6. 　　(BrE)dictionary; 　　　(AmE)dictionary
7. 　　(BrE)dynasty; 　　　(AmE)dynasty
8. 　　(BrE)schedule; 　　　(AmE)schedule
答案: 1. /ju /; /u /　2. /a /; /i /　3. /e/; /i /　4. /ɑ /; /e /　5. / /; /ɑ /　6. / /; /e/
7. / /; /a /　8. / /; /sk/
Ⅳ. 完成对话
Dialogue (1):
A: I want to try something different today.
B: 1. What do you mean (你的意思是什么 )
A: I want to make my hair a few inches short.
B: 2. Are you sure(你确信)you want me to cut it that short
A: I’ve been thinking about this for a while now.
B: All right. Then let’s begin.
Dialogue (2):
A: 3. Would you mind repeating(你介意重复)that I didn’t hear you clearly.
B: I was asking if you could tell me how to get to your office.
A: Well, I think 4. you’d better take a taxi(你最好坐出租车) to come here.
B: Thank you very much.
【纠音点拨】
英美发音的差异有一些是有规律的。如:
(1)英音/ju /在/d/; /t/; /s/; /n/后, 美音读/u /。如:
new/nju /(BrE); /nu /(AmE)
duty/ dju ti/(BrE); / du ti/(AmE)
(2)英音/ɑ /在/f/; /s/; /n/或鼻辅音前时, 美音读/ /。如:
half/hɑ f/(BrE); /h f/(AmE)
ask/ɑ sk /(BrE); / sk /(AmE)
　　以上发音规律只是一般原则, 但也有例外。英国人在发音时, 肌肉比较紧张, 唇形变化大, 说出来的英语显得严谨、正式。而美国人在发音时, 肌肉比较放松, 唇形变化小, 说出来的英语显得随意、亲切。UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 4　Reading for Writing (Ⅰ) 要点内化课
【素养目标】
1. 掌握本课时的重点单词和短语的用法:
point of view、demand、description、relate、relate to。
2. 掌握以下实用句型: 疑问词引导的宾语从句。
3. 阅读网络社区征询意见和解决方法的新媒体语篇, 了解其语言特点和问题特征。写一篇关于英语学习的文章。
4. 反思和总结自己在英语学习中遇到的困难, 并积极探索解决方法。
自主素养储备
根据汉语提示或所给单词的首字母写单词
1. She never gave up and struggled (奋斗, 努力)to live an active life.
2. He noticed a homeless man begging (乞讨)in the streets.
3. (2025·赤峰二中高一检测)We all get equal(同等的) rights regardless of what nationality we are.
4. As is known to us, there is a generation gap(隔阂) between the young and the old.
5. (2025·龙东联盟高一检测)Three-fourths of the apartments(公寓) in the area have no heat so it is not convenient to live in them.
6. We should pay special attention to the sea protection as it relates (联系) to the long-term development in the future.
7. You should not take advantage of his kindness by demanding (要求)too much.
8. After years of learning, some learners of English still find their vocabulary limited.
知识素养积淀
1. struggle n. &vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗
【观察·悟】
※Everyone struggles to live a happy life.
每个人都努力过上幸福的生活。
※From now on, I should prepare myself for the future and struggle for my dream.
从现在开始, 我应该为未来做好准备, 为我的梦想而奋斗。
【生成·得】
①struggle with/against　　 同……作斗争/搏斗
②struggle for 为……而奋斗
③struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
④struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I’m struggling for my freedom and happiness.
②I’ve been struggling to understand (understand)this article all afternoon.
③We had to struggle against/with strong winds all the way.
完成句子
④Mary struggled to her feet (挣扎着站起来) and fought against the wind and rain.
2. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物 adj. 相同的; 同样的 vt. 等于; 比得上; 导致, 结果为　派生: equality n. 平等　equally adv. 平等地, 同样地
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Our relationship is close and we’re equals. 我们的关系很亲密, 而且我们是同辈。
※He’s not equal to doing such a tough job.
他不能胜任如此艰巨的工作。
※Nobody equals him in English.
在英语方面没有人能同他相比。
【生成·得】
①be equal to sth. /doing sth. 与……平等; 胜任
②equal sb. in 在……能与某人相比
③without equal 无与伦比
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I’m convinced that I’m equal to the job.
②Nobody can equal her in intelligence.
③He is a basketball player without equal in China.
④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)But equally(equal) important is the mental aspect.
3. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. 强烈要求; 需要 vi. 查问　近义词: ask; need; require　派生: demanding adj. 高要求的; 要求严格的; 苛刻的
【观察·悟】
※They went on strike on Monday in demand of a 30 percent wage increase.
他们于星期一举行罢工, 要求增加百分之三十的工资。
※The teacher demanded that we (should) struggle to achieve our goals.
老师要求我们应该努力实现我们的目标。
【生成·得】
①the demand for　　　 对……的需求
②in demand of 要求
③in great demand 大量需求
④demand to do sth. 要求做某事
⑤demand that sb. (should) do 要求某人做
⑥demand sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
【点拨迷津】 demand用法点拨
(1)demand作名词且意为“要求; 请求”是可数名词; 作“需求”讲时是不可数名词。
(2)demand作动词且后接从句时, 从句谓语动词用 should do形式, should可以省略。
【内化·用】 语法填空
①English major students are still in great demand.
②As population increases, the demand for water grows accordingly.
③My father came down and demanded to know (know) what was going on.
④We demanded that we be informed (inform) of any change in the plan they put forward.
4. relate vt. 联系; 讲述　派生: relation n. 关系; 联系 relationship n. 关系 relative n. 亲戚　related adj. 相关的
【观察·悟】
※I can’t relate what he does to what he says.
我不能把他说的和他做的联系起来。
【生成·得】
①relate to　　　 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
②relate. . . to. . . 把……和……联系起来; 向……讲述
③be related to 与……有(亲属)关系
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I am fond of some interesting news stories related (relate)to sports.
完成句子
②The children enjoyed relating their imaginary adventures to the visitors.
孩子们喜欢向来客讲述他们幻想中的冒险故事。
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Reading a text on screen may be less successful than reading on paper, and the reasons relate to/are related to a variety of factors.
在屏幕上阅读文本可能不如在纸上阅读成功, 原因与多种因素有关。
课堂学业达标
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. (2025·深圳高一检测)In the short film, you can learn that my school has been struggling(奋斗)for a better future.
2. It’s very rude to stick your tongue(舌头) out at people.
3. His writing has improved greatly in this semester (学期).
4. The new subway (地铁) is now being built.
5. He has an apartment (公寓套房) in downtown Manhattan.
6. As we all know, our mental health is of equal (同样的)importance to our physical health.
7. The gate was locked but we went through a gap(开口) in the wall.
8. It is demanded (要求) that every student who signs up for this extra-curricular English club should fill in the form.
9. I can enlarge my vocabulary(词汇) by reading works in English.
10. He is very good at the description (描写) about the characters of different figures in his book.
Ⅱ. 用恰当的介词填空
1. I was on the point of leaving when you called.
2. (2025·无锡高一检测)For the elderly, health is of great importance.
3. He said he had trouble with his listening.
4. All living things depend on the sun for their growth.
5. We’ll try to get as close as possible to the animals so that we can take some really good photographs.
6. He asked me some questions relating to the subject.
7. He does not know many people in this city aside from the Wangs.
8. I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.
Ⅲ. 熟词生义
写出下列黑体词的词性及意思
1. We will appreciate your providing information of the good channels and advice for us. v. 欢迎
2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. adv. 具体地(说)
3. (读后续写之动作描写)She turned her face down the hill to her friends, and regarded the little group. v. 注视
4. In order to make a wise decision, we should take a global view instead of focusing only on the immediate benefits(利益). adj. 整体的; 全面的
能力提升 请使用 课时素养检测二十四(共9张PPT)
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 5　Reading for Writing (Ⅱ)
写作培优课
写一篇网络日志
【写作指导】
文体概述
　　Blog一般被译为“网络日志”, 又称博客。它是网民通过网络发表各种思想的虚拟场所, 也指网民发表的帖子。它属于应用文体。发表的帖子可以是几句话, 也可以是较长的文章。
【典题示例】
　　随着网络的日益普及, 人们用于读书的时间逐渐减少。请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文, 并发表在自己的博客上。
　　1. 简单陈述这一现象; 2. 列举读书的好处。
　　注意: 写作词数应为80个左右。
Step 1　谋篇立意
人称: 第___人称 时态: 一般_____时
要点 陈述现象: 人们读书的时间越来越少 列举好处: 增长知识、激发想象、利于自我表达
二
现在
Step 2　语言支架
1. 词句准备
①_____the increasing use of　 随着……应用的普及
②_______less and less time reading 用来读书的时间越来越少
③increase one’s __________ 增长知识
④____________the world 了解世界
⑤___________ 想象
⑥in a ________way 以创造性的方式
⑦________one’s ideas 表达思想
⑧have a good _______ 能力优秀
with
spend
knowledge
know about
imagination
creative
express
ability
2. 表达要点
①如今, 随着网络的日益普及, 人们用来读书的时间越来越少了。
Nowadays _________________________________________________________
____________.
②你可以通过阅读增长知识。
You can _______________________by reading.
③你读得越多, 你对世界了解得就越多。
The more you read, _______________________________.
with the increasing use of the Internet, people spend less and less
time reading
increase your knowledge
the more you know about the world
④通过读书, 你可以在你的想象中旅行。
You can ________________________through reading books.
⑤想象比知识重要。
__________________________________________
⑥读书多的人可以利用想象去创造性地思维。
People ______________can use their imagination to ____________________.
travel in your imagination
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
who read a lot
think in a creative way
⑦读书可以让你用正确且简单的方法更容易地表达你的想法。
Reading makes __________________________in a correct and simple form.
⑧经常读书的人有优秀的自我表达能力。
People who read often ____________________________________.
it easier to express your ideas
have a good ability to express themselves
Step 3　润色成篇
　　Nowadays with the increasing use of the Internet, more and more people spend less and less time reading. However, reading is still beneficial.
　　First, you can increase your knowledge by reading. The more you read, the more you know about the world. Second, you can travel in your imagination through reading books. Actually, imagination is more important than knowledge. People who read a lot can use their imagination to think in a creative way. Finally, reading makes it easier to express your ideas in a correct and simple form. You can see that people who read often have a good ability to express themselves.
　　So, don’t forget reading, and I am sure that you will love reading.UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 5　Reading for Writing (Ⅱ)写作培优课
写一篇网络日志
【写作指导】
文体概述
　　Blog一般被译为“网络日志”, 又称博客。它是网民通过网络发表各种思想的虚拟场所, 也指网民发表的帖子。它属于应用文体。发表的帖子可以是几句话, 也可以是较长的文章。
【典题示例】
　　随着网络的日益普及, 人们用于读书的时间逐渐减少。请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文, 并发表在自己的博客上。
　　1. 简单陈述这一现象; 2. 列举读书的好处。
　　注意: 写作词数应为80个左右。
Step 1　谋篇立意
人称: 第二人称 时态: 一般现在时
要点 陈述现象: 人们读书的时间越来越少 列举好处: 增长知识、激发想象、利于自我表达
Step 2　语言支架
1. 词句准备
①with the increasing use of　 随着……应用的普及
②spend less and less time reading 用来读书的时间越来越少
③increase one’s knowledge 增长知识
④know about the world 了解世界
⑤imagination 想象
⑥in a creative way 以创造性的方式
⑦express one’s ideas 表达思想
⑧have a good ability 能力优秀
2. 表达要点
①如今, 随着网络的日益普及, 人们用来读书的时间越来越少了。
Nowadays with the increasing use of the Internet, people spend less and less time reading.
②你可以通过阅读增长知识。
You can increase your knowledge by reading.
③你读得越多, 你对世界了解得就越多。
The more you read, the more you know about the world.
④通过读书, 你可以在你的想象中旅行。
You can travel in your imagination through reading books.
⑤想象比知识重要。
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
⑥读书多的人可以利用想象去创造性地思维。
People who read a lot can use their imagination to think in a creative way.
⑦读书可以让你用正确且简单的方法更容易地表达你的想法。
Reading makes it easier to express your ideas in a correct and simple form.
⑧经常读书的人有优秀的自我表达能力。
People who read often have a good ability to express themselves.
Step 3　润色成篇
　　Nowadays with the increasing use of the Internet, more and more people spend less and less time reading. However, reading is still beneficial.
　　First, you can increase your knowledge by reading. The more you read, the more you know about the world. Second, you can travel in your imagination through reading books. Actually, imagination is more important than knowledge. People who read a lot can use their imagination to think in a creative way. Finally, reading makes it easier to express your ideas in a correct and simple form. You can see that people who read often have a good ability to express themselves.
　　So, don’t forget reading, and I am sure that you will love reading.
阶段诊断 请使用 单元素养检测(六)(共53张PPT)
01
自主素养储备
02
知识素养积淀
03
课堂学业达标
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period 2　Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)要点内化课
【素养目标】
1. 学习并掌握以下重点单词和短语:
despite、means、classic、regard、character、appreciate、ups and downs、date back to。
2. 掌握下列实用句型:
it was a time when. . . ; no matter where. . .
3. 能够根据语境正确地运用所学单词、短语和句型。
01
自主素养储备
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出单词
1. (2025·无锡高一检测)I have confidence in mastering the riding skills
_______(尽管)some challenges.
2. (2025·南京高一检测)One of the key _______(因素) of the metabolic(新陈代
谢的)rate is our muscles.
3. His positive ________(态度) inspired many people who were stuck in illness.
4. The _______(方言) is spoken widely in the rural areas.
despite
factors
attitude
dialect
5. If you are a teenager who struggles to learn English, the following ________
(明确的)tips may contribute to your success.
6. (2025·商洛高一检测)In ancient China, poets considered the moon as a
________(象征)of brightness, purity and goodness.
7. ___________(书法), native to China, is the symbol of traditional Chinese
culture.
specific
symbol
Calligraphy
Ⅱ. 根据语境和提示词写出正确的单词
1. The picture _____________(carve) on the surface of wood.
2. China has a long history with many _________(dynasty) and lots of famous
characters.
3. I am Lily, a senior student from Hebei University, _________(major) in
medicine.
4. When we’re on holiday in Canada, we live like the ________(native).
5. Li Bai, who was _________(regard) as a great poet, is the ancient Chinese
celebrity I admire most.
was/is carved
dynasties
majoring
natives
regarded
6. Nowadays, _______(globe) warming is becoming a concern of people all over
the world.
7. China is becoming a powerful country in international _______(affair).
8. Chinese arts have won the ____________(appreciate) of a lot of people
overseas.
global
affairs
appreciation
词汇微空间 动词去“e”+“ion”构成名词
operate 做手术; 操作→operation 手术; 操作
educate 教育→__________教育
appreciate 欣赏; 感激→____________欣赏; 感激
pollute 污染→_________污染
translate 翻译→___________翻译
education
appreciation
pollution
translation
Ⅲ. 根据语境选择短语并用其适当形式填空
ups and downs; date back to; base. . . on. . . ; a variety of; by means of; with
regard to; be of great importance; be connected with; refer to
1. Edison ______ his ideas ___ scientific experiment.
2. Using body language in a correct way ____________________.
3. Though he has had ______________, I believe that he will succeed some day.
4. (2025·河南名校联考高一检测)The history of Teachers’ Day _____________
the Han Dynasty.
based
on
is of great importance
ups and downs
dates back to
ups and downs; date back to; base. . . on. . . ; a variety of; by means of; with
regard to; be of great importance; be connected with; refer to
5. ____________books are intended for children of different ages.
6. China’s present ________________its past by means of written Chinese.
7. ______________his suggestions we shall discuss them fully.
8. They succeeded ____________hard working.
9. (2025·青岛高一检测)While reading English articles, don’t ________a
dictionary every time you come across new words.
A variety of
is connected with
With regard to
by means of
refer to
02
知识素养积淀
1. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 叫……求助于　派生: reference n. 参考(书); 提及
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.
代词指的是前面提到的物或人。
※I referred her to our English teacher for help.
我叫她求助于我们的英语老师。
※(应用文之传统文化)It is well-known that Chinese calligraphy is referred to as the treasure of traditional Chinese culture. 人们普遍认为, 中国书法被称为中国传统文化的瑰宝。
【生成·得】
①________(to是介词)　　 指的是
②refer to . . . ___. . . 把……称为……
③refer sb. to 叫某人_______
④refer sth. to 把某事_______
【易混辨析】
refer to当“查阅”讲时, 后多接查阅的范围; look up当“查阅”讲时, 后多接查阅的内容。
refer to
as
求助于
归功于
【内化·用】 完成句子
①The woman who ______________(被提到)in the graduation speech was his
English teacher, who left a deep impression on him with her impressive teaching
skills.
②________(查阅)the dictionary when you don’t know the exact meaning of a
word.
③You can ________(查阅) this character in the vocabulary.
语法填空
④The boss didn’t make any _________(refer) to his former employer.
was referred to
Refer to
look up
reference
2. base vt. 以……为据点; 以……为基础 n. 底部; 根据　派生: basis n. 基础　based adj. 以……为基础的
【观察·悟】
(2025·天津高一检测)AI can invent recipes based on what a kitchen has.
人工智能可以根据厨房中的食材发明食谱。
※A lawyer must base himself on facts and take law as the criterion.
律师执业必须以事实为依据, 以法律为准绳。
【生成·得】
①base. . . ___. . . 把……建立在……上
②be ______ on 以……为基础
③at the base of 以……为基点; 在……的底部
【易混辨析】
base作名词用时, 多指具体事物的底部或底座。
basis指抽象事物的基础。
on
based
【内化·用】 完成句子
①You should ________________________(把你的观点建立在事实基础之上).
②Theory __________________(以实践为基础) and in turn serves practice.
③They found the plane _____________(在……的底部)the mountain.
base your opinion on facts
is based on practice
at the base of
3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化　派生: various adj. 各种各样的
【观察·悟】
※(2025·顺义高一检测)Nowadays, teenagers are faced with a variety of problems. 现如今, 青少年们面临着各种各样的问题。
【生成·得】
①a _______ of 　　　 多种多样的
②_________of 各种各样的
③the variety of ……的品种/多样性
variety
varieties
【点拨迷津】 variety有关短语的主谓一致问题
a variety of
varieties of谓语常用复数
the variety of谓语用单数
【内化·用】 语法填空
①There ____(be) a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
②The variety of his writing ___(be) astonishing.
③Many varieties of natural soaps ________(sell) in the market.
④Darwin’s interest in ________(vary)living things made him a great naturalist.
are
is
are sold
various
4. regard n. 尊重; 关注 vt. 把……视为; 看待　派生: regarding prep. 关于　regardless adv. 不管怎样, 无论如何
【观察·悟】
※I am sure everybody will have a good time and regard it as an unforgettable experience.
我相信大家都会玩得很开心并且把它视为一次难忘的经历。
※(应用文之介绍信)Hearing that you and your friends are going to pursue your study in China, I want to convey my best regards to you.
听说你和你的朋友要去中国学习, 我想向你表达我最诚挚的问候。(易错提醒: regard表示“问候”时, 要用复数形式。)
【生成·得】
①regard. . . _________. . . 　 把……视为……
②show/have regard ____ 关心; 关注
③give one’s best ________ to 代某人向……致以最诚挚的问候
④_______ regard to 关于/至于
⑤regardless of 不管, 不顾
as/(to be)
for
regards
with/in
【内化·用】 语法填空
①Please give my best ________(regard) to your father and I hope he will
recover soon.
完成句子
②Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________one
of the best forms of exercise.
如今, 骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样都被认为是最好的锻炼方式之一。
regards
is regarded as
5. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值　派生: appreciation　
n. 感激; 欣赏
【观察·悟】
※I really appreciate having the opportunity to get this job.
我真的很感激得到这个工作的机会。
※(应用文之建议信)I’d appreciate it if you offer some constructive advice on my English study.
如果你对我的英语学习提供一些建设性的建议, 我将不胜感激。
※(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Moreover, it was a sensory feast that heightened my perception and appreciation for the beauty of our natural world even more.
此外, 这是一场感官盛宴, 更加提升了我对自然世界之美的感知和欣赏力。
【生成·得】
①appreciate ______ sth. 　　　 喜欢/愿意做某事
②appreciate __ if/when . . . 假如……/当……时不胜感激
③express one’s ____________ 表达某人的感激
doing
it
appreciation
【点拨迷津】 appreciate用法点拨
(1)appreciate表示“感谢”时, 宾语为物(help, kindness等); thank的宾语则为人。
(2)appreciate, like, hate, depend on等后接that, when, if引导的从句时, 需要在从句前加it。
※Many people hate it when he boasts himself.
很多人讨厌他吹嘘自己。
【内化·用】 语法填空
①I appreciate your _______(give) me so much of your time.
②I’m writing this letter to express our sincere ____________(appreciate) to
you for teaching us English this year.
完成句子
③___________________(我很感激)if you can give me some advice on how to
solve these problems.
giving
appreciation
I would appreciate it
6. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天, 不论住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言, 中国人都仍能通过书写进行交流。
【观察·悟】
※(2023·浙江1月高考)But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
但是, 无论你什么时候旅行, 最好至少在90天前预约。
【生成·得】
“no matter+___________”引导让步状语从句时, 相当于“特殊疑问词-ever”引导的
从句。
【内化·用】完成句子
①_________________________________(无论一个人去哪里), he can never forget
his hometown.
②(2025·邵阳二中高一检测)________________________________(无论发生什么),
stick to your plan!
③(2025·庆阳一中高一检测)One can always manage to do more things, __________
_______________________________(不管一个人的日程表有多满).
特殊疑问词
No matter where/Wherever one goes
No matter what/Whatever happens
no matter
how/however full one’s schedule is
【备选要点】
1. native adj. 出生地的; 本地的; 土著的 n. 本地人
【观察·悟】
※Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions. 当然, 作为一个以英语为母语的人, 你可以给我一些建议。
※The koala is a kind of animal that is native to Australia. 考拉是原产于澳大利亚的一种动物。
【生成·得】
①______ language 　　　 母语; 本族语
②be native ___ 原产于; 是……特有的
native
to
【内化·用】完成句子
①The panda ________________.
熊猫是中国特有的动物。
②She spoke not only her ______________, Swedish, but also English and
French.
她不仅讲自己的母语瑞典语, 还讲英语和法语。
语法填空
③Nowadays, we can find many plants native ___ America, such as tobaccos and
potatoes.
is native to China
native language
to
2. no/neither. . . nor. . . 既不……, 也不……
【观察·悟】
※Neither I nor she knows anything about driving.
我和她都不会开车。
【生成·得】
①no/neither. . . nor. . . 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词与____ 后面的主语在人称
和数上保持一致。
②“neither/nor+助动词+主语”结构表示“主语也不……”。
nor
【内化·用】 完成句子
①There is ________without reason, ______________on earth.
世上从来没有无缘无故的爱, 也没有免费的午餐。
②Neither dad nor mum __________today.
今天父母都不在家。
③He can’t drive a car. ________________.
他不会开车。我也不会。
no love
nor free lunch
is at home
Neither/Nor can I
3. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究　派生: majority n. 多数
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
秦始皇把七个主要的小国统一成为一个统一的国家, 在这里汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。
※He majors in engine technology in this institute. 他在这所学院主修发动机技术。
※The majority is/are in favour of banning smoking. 大多数人支持禁烟。
※In the nursing profession, women are in a/the majority.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
【生成·得】
①major ___ 　　　　　 主修
②in _____ majority 占多数
【点拨迷津】
“a/the majority of+复数可数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。
the majority 单独作主语时, 谓语动词用单、复数均可。
in
a/the
【内化·用】
一句多译
①我是数学专业的。
__________________/___________________/________________
完成句子
②The ______________(主要科目) in senior high schools are Chinese, English and
mathematics.
③The majority of the boys ___________(反对) the idea.
④It seems that ___________________(多数人) like watching TV rather than listening
to the radio.
My major is maths.
I am a maths major.
I major in maths.
major subjects
are against
a majority of people
4. means n. 方式; 方法; 途径　
【观察·悟】
※(教材原句)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which
China’s present is connected with its past.
书面汉语也已经成了连接中国现在与过去的一种重要途径。
※You must finish the work in time by any means.
你无论如何都要及时完成这项工作。
※He made lots of money by means of working hard. 他通过辛勤劳动挣了许多钱。
※By no means is she ready to quit her study. 她从来也没准备要辍学。
【生成·得】
①___________　　 借助于
②by ____ means 无论如何
③by ___ means 绝不
④by all means 务必; 一定
【点拨迷津】
means是单、复数同形的词, 它作主语时, 其谓语动词的单复数要根据句意确定。
by means of
any
no
【巧学助记】
【内化·用】 完成句子
①They stay in touch ____________(借助于)email.
②This is ____________(绝不) a good way to solve the problem.
③You should ____________(务必) warn him before he leaves for Singapore.
句型转换
④Plastic pollution will by no means be avoided if we don’t make an effort.
→________________________________________if we don’t make an effort.
by means of
by no means
by all means
By no means will plastic pollution be avoided
5. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 在随后的年代里, 这一体系发展成了不同的形式, 这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔, 从而导致了不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
【观察·悟】
※It was a time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
那是一个没有收音机, 没有电话, 也没有电视的时期。
※It was a time when many young people went to the countryside.
那是一个许多年轻人去农村的时代。
※This was a time when you had to keep calm.
这段时间你必须保持镇定。
※There was a time when mini skirt was in fashion.
迷你裙曾经一度很流行。
【生成·得】
①it/that/this was a time when. . . 　 那/这是一个……的时期
②there was a time when. . . 曾经一度/有一段时间……
【点拨迷津】
含有time的常用句式:
It’s time for sth. /doing sth. 是做某事的时候了
It’s time (for sb. ) to do sth. 是该(某人)做某事的时候了
It’s high time that. . . 现在是该某人做某事的时候了
The first time+从句 第一次做某事时
It is the first/second/. . . time that. . . 是某人第一次/第二次/……做某事
【内化·用】 完成句子
①_____________________this kind of rock and roll music was quite popular.
有一段时间这种摇滚音乐很流行。
语法填空
②(2025·池州高一检测改编)If you want to prepare well for the exam and go
over notes for class, you should find a time ______ you feel the most energetic
to study.
There was a time when
when
03
课堂学业达标
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. Do you know how many _______(十亿) people speak the UN’s official
language as their _______(本地的)or second language
2. I think the _______(系统)the man _________(提到)to at the meeting was very
modern. What is your ________(态度)toward it
3. ________(尽管)many ______________(兴衰), ancient Chinese civilisation has
continued all the way through into modern times.
billion
native
system
referred
attitude
Despite
ups and downs
4. The book follows four ___________(人物), loosely ______(以……为基础)on
my uncles.
5. He _______(雕刻)a sunflower on the stone, which was regarded as a ________
(象征)of strength.
6. As we all know, in the Shang Dynasty, there were many _________(多样化)of
________(方言)and characters.
7. At university he _________(主修)in English. Then he became an English
teacher, and found teaching was by no _______(方法)an easy thing.
characters
based
carved
symbol
varieties
dialects
majored
means
8. He was the most popular writer at the time and his works are still _________
(把……视为)as ________(经典作品)now.
9. He believes it is an important _______(因素), which leads to _______(全球
的)warming.
10. He gave us a few ________(具体的)examples to ___________(领会), and
asked us to follow them dealing with the ______(事件).
regarded
classics
factor
global
specific
appreciate
affair
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2025·连云港高一检测)Secondly, keep in mind that good study habits,
useful skills and a positive attitude ________________________________
__________ (同等重要).
2. ________________(各种各样的) activities have been offered to students
after class varying from playing table tennis to playing chess.
3. Technology and education could __________________(在……中起主要作
用) the development of society.
are of equal importance/are equally
important
A wide variety of
play a major role in
4. _____________________________(追溯到18世纪), Peking Opera has over
two hundred years of history.
5. My choices ____________(基于……) the lifestyle I want.
6. In this rapidly developing society, we ____________________________
_____________________(需要对生活有积极的态度).
7. From my point of view, vocabulary _____________(被认为是)the top
concern of English study.
8. Thanks to the Internet, you can stay in touch with friends ________________
___________________________(无论你在哪里或你在做什么).
Dating back to the 18th century
are based on
need to have/develop a positive
attitude to/towards life
is regarded as
no matter where
you are or what you are doing
Ⅲ. 一词多义
选出refer to的意思。
A. 提到; 提及　B. 称作; 看作　C. 参考; 查阅　D. 指的是
1. (2024·新高考I卷)First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a
“super”, referring to a 52. 4-mile double marathon. _______
2. (2025·成都高一检测)He is referred to as the father of the atomic bomb.
_______
　D　
　B　
A. 提到; 提及　B. 称作; 看作　C. 参考; 查阅　D. 指的是
3. The student successfully delivered the English speech without referring to
the notes. _______
4. (2025·南汇中学高一检测)The teacher frequently refers to the students’
previous assignments to explain how they could avoid common mistakes in the
future. _______
　C　
　A　(共15张PPT)
01
话题美文赏读
02
话题听说汇
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
01
话题美文赏读
主题语境: 人与社会——世界语言
　　Today, American English is in common international use. It is different from British English in several ways, mostly in spelling and vocabulary. Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries. He changed“-re”spellings to“-er”, which is why theatre is spelt theater in American English.
　　The Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things. For example, Americans talk about putting gas in their cars and driving along the highway, whereas in the UK, people put petrol in their cars and drive along the motorway. Americans take the elevator to the top floor of a building, but the British use the lift. In the US, they take the subway, but in the UK, people travel on the underground. Americans live in an apartment, while the British live in a flat.
　　It’s not as confusing as it seems: usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context. But that doesn’t stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the“right”one!
(节选自外研版必修 第一册 Unit 2)
【话题词汇】
1. vocabulary　　 n. 词汇(量)
2. gas n. (美)汽油
3. petrol n. (英)汽油
4. subway n. 地铁; 地下人行道
5. apartment n. 公寓套房
6. context n. (想法、事件等的)背景; 上下文
02
话题听说汇
Ⅰ. 看图配词
1. Look at the pictures. Can you speak them in American English and British English
2. Discussion:
The pictures tell us _______________________________________________
________.
Ⅱ. 读音写词
1. ________/ t tju d/　　　 2. _______/ b lj n/
3. ______/ ne t v/ 4. ______/r f (r)/
5. _______/ s st m/ 6. ________/ str ɡl/
7. _______/t / 8. ________/ d m n/
9. _________/ d p ni z/ 10. ________/k ri n/
the differences between American English and British
English
attitude
billion
native
refer
system
struggle
tongue
German
Japanese
Korean
Ⅲ. 读词辨音
1. 　　(BrE) attitude; 　　　(AmE) attitude
2. 　　(BrE)either; 　　　(AmE)either
3. 　　(BrE)leisure; 　　　(AmE)leisure
4. 　　(BrE)tomato; 　　　(AmE)tomato
5. 　　(BrE)progress; 　　　(AmE)progress
6. 　　(BrE)dictionary; 　　　(AmE)dictionary
7. 　　(BrE)dynasty; 　　　(AmE)dynasty
8. 　　(BrE)schedule; 　　　(AmE)schedule
答案: 1. /ju /; /u /　2. /a /; /i /　3. /e/; /i /　4. /ɑ /; /e /　5. / /; /ɑ /　
6. / /; /e/ 7. / /; /a /　8. / /; /sk/
Ⅳ. 完成对话
Dialogue (1):
A: I want to try something different today.
B: 1. ___________________(你的意思是什么 )
A: I want to make my hair a few inches short.
B: 2. ____________(你确信)you want me to cut it that short
A: I’ve been thinking about this for a while now.
B: All right. Then let’s begin.
What do you mean
Are you sure
Dialogue (2):
A: 3. ________________________(你介意重复)that I didn’t hear you clearly.
B: I was asking if you could tell me how to get to your office.
A: Well, I think 4. _____________________(你最好坐出租车) to come here.
B: Thank you very much.
Would you mind repeating
you’d better take a taxi
【纠音点拨】
英美发音的差异有一些是有规律的。如:
(1)英音/ju /在/d/; /t/; /s/; /n/后, 美音读/u /。如:
new/nju /(BrE); /nu /(AmE)
duty/ dju ti/(BrE); / du ti/(AmE)
(2)英音/ɑ /在/f/; /s/; /n/或鼻辅音前时, 美音读/ /。如:
half/hɑ f/(BrE); /h f/(AmE)
ask/ɑ sk /(BrE); / sk /(AmE)
　　以上发音规律只是一般原则, 但也有例外。英国人在发音时, 肌肉比较紧张, 唇形变化大, 说出来的英语显得严谨、正式。而美国人在发音时, 肌肉比较放松, 唇形变化小, 说出来的英语显得随意、亲切。

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