Unit 8 People and Event 情态动词课件(共23张PPT)-中职英语高教版(2023修订版)基础模块1

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Unit 8 People and Event 情态动词课件(共23张PPT)-中职英语高教版(2023修订版)基础模块1

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(共23张PPT)
Grammar
------Modal Verb
Grammar——Modal Verb
情态动词的基本用法;
情态动词表示态度的用法;
情态动词表示推测的用法;
can 能
may 可以
will,would (表意愿)
need 需要
dare 敢
must 必须
have to 不得不
shall,should 应该(表义务)
ought to 应该
常见的情态动词有
1)表能力,有“能”、“会”、“能够”的意思
Can you drive a car
-Yes, I can. -No, I can‘t.
注:过去式could语气比can更加委婉 Could I use your car
2)征求许可,意为“可以…”  
Can I use your bike (=may但没有 may 正式)
3)表示可能性,常用于否定句和疑问句
Can it be true  
Today is Sunday. He can't be at school. 
1.can,could 的用法
can 只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态(could),其他时态要用be able to的形式
例如:
I haven’t been able to get in touch with her. 
我一直没能和她联系上。
通常can 和 be able to 可以互换
can 和 be able to 的比较
2.1 表示许可或征求对方的许可,有“可以”的意思。例如:
You may go now. 
May I use your computer  
注:过去式might表示的语气更加委婉、客气
例如:
Might I use your pen for a while
2.may,might的用法
例如:
You may be right. 
你可能是对的。
2.may,might的用法
2.3表示猜测,通常只用于陈述句
例如:
Can I use your bike, John  
May I have a look at your license please, sir  
2.5 在口语中can可以代替may表示许可,但can较随便,may更正式
2.may,might的用法
例如:
You must talk to them about their study. 
3.1表义务,“必须”
3.must的用法
例如:
You mustn‘t smoke here. 
附:关于must的回答。
例如:
Must I clean the dining room at once
肯定:-Yes, you must. (是的,你必须)
否定:-No, you needn’t.(不,你不必)
-No, you don‘t have to.
3.2 在否定结构中表不许、禁止
3.must的用法
例如:
You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai. 
3.3 表坚定的建议
3.must的用法
例如:
He must be ill. He looks so pale.   
[注意]
may 暗含的可能性较小,must 暗含的可能性较大。
3.4 表推测,暗含有很大的可能性
3.must的用法
Have to 的疑问句和否定句,多用助动词do构成。例如:
Did he have to do it  他得做那件事吗?
He didn't have to do it. 他不需要做那件事。
have to 意为“不得不”,它虽属于情态动词, 但它有人称、数的变化,其疑问句,否定句的构成也和其他的动词有所不同。
4.have to的用法
(1)must 强调“内在的职责”、“义务”,强调说话人的主观看法。
have to 强调“外界压力”、“不得已而为之”。
(2)have to可用于多种时态,而must一般用于现在时,其过去时与将来时分别由had to与shall / will have to代替。
(3)have to的否定式表示“不需要”,mustn’t表不允许。例如:
You don‘t have to go there.你不需要去那儿。
You mustn’t go there. 你不准去那儿。
  
4.1 have to & must
4.have to的用法
(1)表示过去的意愿。
I would like to see Mr. Smith.
2)表示过去的习惯。
When I was a child, we would get up early and go climbing.
3)征求意见,语气比will 委婉。
Would you mind my smoking here
2.Would
(1) 表示义务,责任,意为“应当” 。
You should pay for your taxes.
(2)表示推测,可能性。意为“可能,应该”。
It’s mid-night,he should be home.
(3)用于提建议,请求。
I should say it would be better to delay the meeting.
(4) 表示惊讶和难以置信。
Why should he do such a thing
should
2.情态动词+动词的完成时——表示对过去情况的推测。
1) must+have +v-ed .表示过去“一定发生了….”
2) could have v-ed 表示过去 “很可能发生…”
3) may / might have v-ed 表过去某事“也许”发生
4) ought to / should have v-ed意为“本来应该做…”
5) needn’t have v-ed 意为“本没必要做…”
1.情态动词+ 动词原形—表示对现在的推测
9.情态动词表示“推测”的用法
例如:
1)Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.
2)You couldn’t have met my grandmother. She died before you were born.
must have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。其否定形式为:can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。
1.must have v-ed
could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。
例如: Mary could have off with her friends.
2. could have v-ed
may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性稍大些。
例如:
I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.
3.may / might have v-ed
如: You should have told me the truth.
You shouldn’t have left her alone.
You ought not to have left her alone.
ought to / should have v-ed 表示“本应该…”, 含有“责备”、“不满”
Shouldn’t have done. / Ought not to have done 意为“本来不应该….”
4.should have v-ed
needn’t have v-ed 意为“本没必要…”。表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要,
例如:
You needn’t have waken me up; I don’t have to go to work today.
You needn’t wash these clothes for me, I can manage it.
5.needn’t have v-ed
Thank You

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