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2025-2026学年人教版（2019）选择性必修二
unit2 Bridging Culture Discovery Useful Structure
同位语从句知识点讲解及练习
定义
同位语：表示对一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明的词。
Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.
同位语从句：
指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴; 同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释, 说明该抽象名词的具体内容。
（同位语从句跟在__名___词后面，并对其进行__解释说明_）
I had no idea that you were here.
结构
常见的可接同位语从句的名词有
advice、agreement、assumption、answer belief conclusion、command、condition decision、demand、determination、doubt evidence、explanation fear、feeling、fact hope idea、indication、instruction knowledge motion、message news order、opinion phenomenon、plan、preference、problem、possibility、question suggestion thought、truth
四．引导同位语从句的连接词
功能 例词
从属连词 只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。 that, whether
连接代词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主语、宾语、表语或定语）。 who, what, whose, which, whom
连接副词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（状语）。 when, where, why, how
从属连词
that : __无__意义、___无___成分、__不可_____省略，只起连接作用
whether: __有___意义、___无___成分、____不可___省略
I gave her a promise that I would come back after two days.
2）连接代词
who, what, whose, which, whom
既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（主语、宾语、表语或定语）。
They had no idea ____what______ time they were supposed to arrive.
3)连接副词
when, where, why, how
既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（状语）。
The decision __when___ they will leave for Beijing hasn’t been made.
特别提示:
①who，what，whose，which通常不引导同位语从句。
②同位语从句有时不紧跟在它说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。
五．常见句式
Word came that… 消息传来说…
News came that… 消息传来说…
A story goes that… 传说…
A saying goes that…有一句谚语说…
虚拟语气
当名词为表示命令、建议、要求等词时，从句谓语要用(should)+动原。
1.His suggestion that we (should) have a map is reasonable.
2.The command that a meeting (should) be held before the event is from the president.
方法点拨:从句缺什么补什么
1. 看整个从句在主句中做什么成分（主、宾、表、同)，从而确定从句名称。
2. 看从句本身是否完整。
a. 若从句完整（不缺主宾表定)考虑用从属连词和连接副词
b. 若从句不完整（缺主宾表定）考虑用连接代词
同位语从句同步练习
一、单项选择
1．There is no doubt ________ you won't achieve anything if you don't try at all.
A．whether B．which C．how D．that
2．To sum up, one cannot deny the fact ________ studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.
A．which B．how C．that D．why
3．It was with great joy ________ he received the news ________ his lost son would soon return home.
A．that; who B．which; who C．that; that D．which; which
4．It is a fact _______ the ancient city, _______ many artifacts were unearthed, was once a thriving centre of trade.
A．that; in which B．which; that C．that; which D．which; where
5．Word came ________ the school announced about next week’s study tour will be posted on the noticeboard tomorrow.
A．that what B．what that C．that which D．what
6．I have no idea ________ he will agree to our plan or not.
A．if B．whether C．that D．which
7．Stories spread quickly among his friends___________ Tom had lived on a deserted island for over five months after the shipwreck.
A．that B．if C．who D．whoever
8．I don’t think she has any idea ______ she will end up when she begins writing a novel.
A．where B．what C．that D．which
9．The question our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month has been on everyone’s lips.
A．if B．whether C．what D．which
10．I have no idea____________Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday, which is one of his favourite universities.
A．what B．which C．that D．why
二、语法填空
11．Our research offers further scientific evidence a mix of positive and negative emotions promotes well-being.
12．There is no denying more and more people choose to study abroad.
13．The faint hope survivors might still be found in the ruins kept the rescue teams working tirelessly through the night.
14．There is little doubt Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
15．There is a good chance more schools will promote intelligent classroom teaching to better meet the personalized learning needs of students.
16．The widespread conviction continuous effort is the key to overcoming difficulties provides students with great mental strength during the intense college entrance examination preparation.
17．The belief the Siyin Miao embroidered seals on clothes as a signal has been passed down. 18．The documentary gives recognition to the tradition Chinese poetry is earlier than Homer’s epics.
19．The news our team had won the national championship spread quickly throughout the school.
20．The new evidence has led to the conclusion the historical event might have happened a century earlier than previously thought.
21．There has been a heated discussion about the question we can set up more public reading corners to meet citizens’ reading needs.
22．The manager raised the question the company should launch the new product to the market to seize the business opportunity.
23．The traditional view flower and plant buyers are mainly those with plenty of free time has changed in recent years.
24．She expressed the hope she could spend the summer vacation volunteering in the mountainous area to help the left-behind children with their studies.
25．The researcher has some doubt the new drug can effectively relieve the symptoms of the chronic disease within a short period.
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D C C A A B A A B D
1．D
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，如果你根本不尝试，你将一事无成。There is no doubt that...是固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句。故选D项。
2．C
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：综上所述，人们不能否认出国留学有其缺点，所以当你考虑出国留学时，你应该考虑这些因素。空处引导名词性从句作the fact的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C。
3．C
【详解】考查强调句和同位语从句。句意：收到失踪的儿子很快就要回家的消息时，他欣喜若狂。“he received the news with great joy”主谓宾结构完整，说明此处是强调句(It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分)，被强调部分是with great joy，第一空应是that。“his lost son would soon return home”结构意义均完整，是对空前名词news的内容解释，第二空应是that，引导同位语从句。故选C项。
4．A
【详解】考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：许多文物出土的这座古城，曾是一个繁荣的贸易中心，这是不争的事实。第一空引导同位语从句，对fact的内容进行解析，引导词不作成分、只起到连接作用，应用that；第二空处构成介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前文的the ancient city，为物，应用which，表示“在……里”用in。故选A。
5．A
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有消息说，学校宣布的下周游学活动将于明天张贴在布告栏上。word came that...“有消息称……”为常用句型，that引导同位语从句解释word“消息”的具体内容；在同位语从句中，“________ the school announced about next week’s study tour”为主语从句，从句谓语announced缺少宾语，且指代事情，应用连接代词what引导主语从句。综上，故选A。
6．B
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道他是否会同意我们的计划。A. if是否；B. whether是否；C. that（无意义）；D. which哪个。idea后接同位语从句，且从句中有or not，故用whether引导。故选B。
7．A
【详解】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：海难后汤姆在荒岛上生活了五个多月的故事很快在他的朋友中传播开来。空处引导同位语从句，对Stories的内容进行具体的说明，从句中不缺成分，句意完整，所以用that引导该从句。故选A。
8．A
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：当她开始写一部小说时，我认为她不知道自己最终会写到哪里。设空处连接同位语从句，对idea进行解释说明，从句中缺少地点状语，故选A。
9．B
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：大家都在谈论我们小镇下个月是否会举办著名歌手的免费演唱会。______our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month 是同位语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，缺少“是否”之意，应用whether引导，if虽有“是否”之意，但是不能引导同位语从句，故选B。
10．D
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道昨天迈克为什么拒绝耶鲁大学的邀请，耶鲁大学是他最喜欢的大学之一。“_____ Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday”在句中作idea的同位语，是一个同位语从句，从句中缺少“为什么”的意思，应用why引导，在从句中作原因状语。故选D。
11．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们的研究提供了进一步的科学证据，表明积极和消极情绪的混合会促进幸福感。本空引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句不缺成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。
12．that
【详解】考查名词性从句、固定句型。句意：无可否认，越来越多的人选择出国留学。本句为固定句型there is no denying that…，that引导同位语从句，解释denying的具体内容。故填that。
13．that
【详解】考查连词。句意：在废墟中仍有可能找到幸存者的微弱希望，让救援队伍彻夜不停地努力工作。 survivors might still be found in the ruins是同位语从句，解释说明前面名词hope的内容，从句意义完整，不缺成分，应该用连词that引导从句。故填that。
14．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖。空处引导同位语从句，对名词doubt进行解释说明，从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用无实际意义的that引导。故填that。
15．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：很有可能会有更多的学校推行智能化课堂教学，以更好地满足学生的个性化学习需求。解释说明chance，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故填that。
16．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，不断努力是克服困难的关键，这为学生在紧张的高考准备过程中提供了巨大的精神力量。分析句子可知，空格后是一个完整的句子（continuous effort is the key...），用来解释说明抽象名词conviction的具体内容，且从句中不缺少任何成分，故用连词that引导同位语从句。故填that。
17．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：四印苗族将刺绣印章缝于衣物上作为信号的这一信仰已代代相传。空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明先行词belief的具体内容，即“四印苗将印章绣在衣服上作为信号”这一信念，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that引导。故填that。
18．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这部纪录片承认了中国诗歌早于荷马史诗的传统。空处引导名词性从句，作the tradition的同位语，说明其具体内容，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
19．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们队赢得全国冠军的消息很快就在全校传开了。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明“The news”的内容，且从句意义完整，不缺成分，故用that引导同位语从句。故填that。
20．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：新的证据使得人们得出这样的结论：这一历史事件的发生时间可能比之前认为的要早一个世纪。空格后是一个完整的句子，用来解释说明抽象名词conclusion的具体内容，且从句成分完整，故用连接词that引导同位语从句。故填that。
21．whether
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：关于我们能否设立更多公共阅读角以满足市民阅读需求的问题，一直存在激烈的讨论。引导同位语从句，说明question，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。
22．when
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：经理提出了一个问题，即公司什么时候应该将新产品推向市场以抓住商机。本空引导同位语从句，解释说明question的具体内容，表示“什么时候”，应用when引导该同位语从句。故填when。
23．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：近年来，认为花草购买者主要是那些有充足空闲时间的人的传统观点已经改变。分析句子结构可知，“flower and plant buyers are mainly those with plenty of free time”是对前面名词“The traditional view”的解释说明，为同位语从句，从句语意完整、不缺成分，此空应是that。故填that。
24．that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：她表示希望暑假能在山区做志愿者，帮助留守儿童学习。本空引导同位语从句，解释说明hope的具体内容，从句不缺成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。
25．whether
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这位研究人员对这种新药能否在短期内有效缓解慢性病症状存有一些疑问。根据空前抽象名词“doubt”以及空后“the new drug can effectively relieve the symptoms of the chronic disease within a short period”句子结构完整可知，此处需填引导同位语从句的连接词，解释说明doubt的具体内容。doubt在肯定句中后接同位语从句时，常用whether引导，意为“是否”，不充当句子成分但表示疑问含义。故填whether。

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