资源简介

(共19张PPT)
Period 4
Discovering Useful Structures
Unit1 Teenage Life
英语
Studying objectives:
1. Understand the composition and basic usage of noun phrases, adjective phrases, and adverb phrases;
2. Identify these three types of phrases in sentences and analyze the components they play in the sentences;
3.Use noun phrases, adjective phrases, and adverb phrases for sentence writing and expansion.
重点：
1. Understand the forms and meanings of phrases.
难点：
1. Use phrases to improve a draft.
Studying key points and difficulties:
Lead-in
Observe and analyze
Whose introduction leaves you a deeper impression Why
Hi, my name is Adam.
I’m a senior high school student of America.
My school is really beautiful with a lot of trees.
I like it very much.
Hi, my name is Joyce.
I’m a student.
My school is beautiful.
I like it.
vs
more informative
more detailed
more vivid
Lead-in
We always use
phrases to make
sentences more
interesting and
informative when
we try to express
ourselves.
What is a
phrase
a small group
of words that
forms a unit,
either on its
own or within
a sentence
Observe and analyze
Grammar Analysis
Basic Structure
Noun Phrase（NP）
word group with a noun as its head word
Adjective Phrase（AdjP）word group with an adjective as its head word
Adverb Phrase（AdvP）
word group with an adverb as its head word
Grammar Analysis
(一)名词短语
定义：名词短语指以一个名词为中心构成的短语 ，在句中的功能相当于名词。
常见构成形式：
1.限定词 + 名词：如the book（the是限定词，book是名词）。
2.限定词 + 形容词 + 名词：a beautiful flower（a是限定词，beautiful是形容词，flower是名词 ）。
3.限定词 + 名词 + 介词短语：the students in the classroom（the是限定词，students是名词，in the classroom是介词短语） 。
4.限定词 + 描述性名词 + 名词：my school life（my是限定词，school是描述性名词，life是名词）。
注意：限定词包括冠词（a/an/the）、指示代词（this/that/these/those等）、物主代词（my/your/his/her/our/their等）、不定代词（some/no/neither/both等）和数词（one/two/first/second等）。
在句中成分：可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语。
1.作主语：The tall boy is my brother.（The tall boy是名词短语作主语）
2.作宾语：I like the red apples.（the red apples是名词短语作宾语）
3.作表语：My favorite animal is the panda.（the panda是名词短语作表语）
4.作宾语补足语：We made him our monitor.（our monitor是名词短语作宾语补足语）
Grammar Analysis
（二）形容词短语
定义：形容词短语是以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。
常见构成形式：
1.副词 + 形容词：very good（very是副词，good是形容词）。
2.形容词 + enough：big enough（big是形容词，enough是副词，修饰形容词时后置）。
3.形容词 + 介词短语：afraid of dogs（afraid是形容词，of dogs是介词短语 ）。
4.副词 + 形容词 + 介词：well worthy of praise（well是副词，worthy是形容词，of praise是介词短语）。
Grammar Analysis
在句中成分：可修饰名词或代词作定语，也可作表语、宾语补足语。
1.作定语：The very interesting story吸引了孩子们的注意力。（The very interesting story中very interesting是形容词短语作定语修饰story ）
2.作表语：The room is really clean.（really clean是形容词短语作表语 ）
3.作宾语补足语：We found the film very exciting.（very exciting是形容词短语作宾语补足语，补充说明the film）
Grammar Analysis
（三）副词短语
定义：副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。
常见构成形式：
1.副词 + 副词：very quickly（very和quickly都是副词）。
在句中成分：在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。
1.修饰动词：He runs quite fast.（quite fast是副词短语修饰动词runs）
2.修饰形容词：The book is much too expensive.（much too是副词短语修饰形容词expensive）
3.修饰副词：She sings very well indeed.（very well是副词短语修饰副词indeed ）
Grammar Analysis
Activity 1 Find and mark NP, AdjP and AdvP in the sentences.
Situational Practice
1 The building is so big that I’m completely lost.
2 The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
3 Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly，and she can do well in the debate.
4 The new coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.
5 My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
NP
AdjP
AdjP
NP
NP
AdvP
NP
NP
AdvP
NP
AdjP
NP
AdvP
Activity 2 Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
1 How soon do you think you’ll finish your homework （pretty soon）
I’ll finish my homework pretty soon. AdvP
2 What do you think of your new teachers （very nice and patient）
My new teachers are very nice and patient. AdjP
3 How many clubs have you joined this year （two clubs）
I have joined two clubs this year. NP
4 How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club. （quite well）
Rita plays the violin quite well. AdvP
5 What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course （too difficult but very interesting）
My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting. AdjP
Situational Practice
Activity 3 Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
Cheerleader Try-outs
I’ve always wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday，I tried out for the team. It was hard. First，we had to dance. The teacher showed us how to move，and then we tried. Second，we practised singing a song about the school basketball team. Finally，some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well，but the other girls were better. I’m not sure if I’ll make the team or not.
I’ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday，I tried out for my school’s cheerleading team. It was really hard. First，...
Situational Practice
Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
One possible version:
I’ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday，I tried out for my school’s cheerleading team. It was really hard. First，we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes. The teacher showed us how to move，and then we tried very hard. Second，we practised singing a short fight song about the school basketball team. Finally，some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly. I think I did quite well in the try-out，but many of the other girls were even better. I’m not so sure whether I’ll make the cheerleading team this year or not.
Situational Practice
Activity 4 The words in some of the sentences are not in the correct order.Put them in the correct order.
Situational Practice
1. What a beautiful old French painting!

2. We can find a public reading quiet room.

3. They plan to build a new volunteer centre in town.
4. She owns a white small cute cat.

5. Don’t worry.He will do the job enough well.
We can find a quiet public reading room.
She owns a cute small white cat.
Don’t worry.He will do the job well enough.
√
√
Activity 5 Make a summary of knowledge about noun phrases, adjective phrases, and adverb phrases.
Summary and Homework
Activity 6 Homework
Required: Create three sentences respectively using noun phrases, adjective phrases and adverb phrases, and indicate the type of the phrase and its component in the sentence.
Optional: Read an English passage, find out the noun phrases, adjective phrases and adverb phrases in it, and analyze their functions.
Thank you!

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