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新人教版七下 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 知识清单
一、核心词汇
基础必背词汇
名词 (n.)：
- rule /ru l/ 规则；规章 (p.9, p.10)
- order / d (r)/ 秩序；命令 (p.9)
- hallway / h lwe / 走廊 (p.10)
- uniform / ju n f m/ 校服；制服 (p.10)
- jacket / d kit/ 夹克衫；短上衣 (p.10)
- queue /kju / 队 (p.13)
- sweet /swi t/ 糖果 (p.11)
- snack /sn k/ 点心；小吃 (p.11)
- mobile phone / m ba l f n/ 手机 (p.11)
- belt /belt/ 安全带；腰带 (p.13)
- noise /n z/ 声音；噪声 (p.13)
- person / p sn/ 人 (p.14)
- spirit / sp r t/ 精神；情绪 (p.14)
- advice / d va s/ 建议；意见 (p.15)
- weekday / wi kde / 工作日 (p.14)
动词 (v.)：
- follow / f l / 遵循；跟随 (p.10) - arrive / ra v/ 到达 (p.10) - litter / l t (r)/ 乱扔 (p.10)
- treat /tri t/ 对待；招待 (p.10)
- respect /r spekt/ 尊敬 (v. & n.) (p.10)
- lend /lend/ 借给；借出 (p.11)
- turn off /t n f/ 关掉 (p.11)
- feed /fi d/ 喂养；饲养 (p.13)
- leave /li v/ 离开；留下 (p.13)
- practise / pr kt s/ 训练；练习 (p.14)
- hang out /h a t/ 闲逛；常去某处 (p.14)
- become /b k m/ 变成；成为 (p.14)
- focus / f k s/ 集中 (注意力) (p.14)
- build /b ld/ 创建；建造 (p.14)
- relax /r l ks/ 放松；休息 (p.14)
- understand / nd st nd/ 理解；领会 (p.15)
形容词 (adj.)：
- polite /p la t/ 有礼貌的 (p.10)
- absent / bs nt/ 缺席的；不在的 (p.13)
- unhappy / n h pi/ 不快乐的 (p.14)
- awful / fl/ 糟糕的；讨厌的 (p.14)
- better / bet (r)/ 较好的 (adj. & adv.) (p.14)
- untidy / n ta di/ 不整洁的 (p.15)
副词 (adv.)：
- quietly / kwa tli/ 轻声地；安静地 (p.13)
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- either / a (r)/; / i (r)/ 也（用于否定词组后） (p.14)
连词 (conj.)：
- if / f/ 如果 (p.10)
短语/固定搭配：
- late for 迟到 (p.10) - on time 准时 (p.10)
- have to 不得不 (p.10) - of course 当然 (p.11)
- jump the queue 插队 (p.13)
- absent from 缺席；不在 (p.13)
- make the bed 整理床铺 (p.14)
- focus on 集中（注意力）于 (p.14)
- think about 思考；考虑 (p.14)
- Dr (= doctor) 博士；医生 (p.14)
词形转换
1. rule (n.) → rule (v.) 统治；控制 (本单元主要作名词) 2. order (n.) → order (v.) 命令；点餐
3. polite (adj.) → politely (adv.) 礼貌地
4. happy (adj.) → unhappy (adj.) 不快乐的 → happiness (n.) 快乐 5. tidy (adj.) → untidy (adj.) 不整洁的
6. practise (v.) → practice (n.) 练习（美式拼写） 7. understand (v.) → understanding (n.) 理解
8. relax (v.) → relaxed (adj.) 放松的 → relaxing (adj.) 令人放松的 易混词/近义词辨析
1. have to 与 must
- have to 强调客观需要或外界要求，“不得不”。 - must 强调主观义务或强烈建议，“必须”。
- 例句：I have to wear a uniform at school. (学校规定) You must be quiet in the library. (强烈要求) 2. can't 与 mustn't
- can't 表示“不能够”，指没有能力或不允许。
- mustn't 表示“禁止”，语气更强，指绝对不可以做。
- 例句：You can't eat here. (这里不允许) You mustn't smoke here. (这里严禁吸烟)
3. lend 与 borrow
- lend 指“借出”，结构：lend sth. to sb. 或 lend sb. sth.
- borrow 指“借入”，结构：borrow sth. from sb.
- 例句：Can you lend me your pen / Can I borrow your pen
4. quiet (adj. 安静的) 与 quite (adv. 相当)
- quiet 形容词，描述环境或人安静。 - quite 副词，表示程度“相当，很”。
- 例句：Please be quiet. The film is quite interesting.
二、核心短语
基础必背短语
1. be late for school 上学迟到 (p.10) 2. arrive on time 准时到达 (p.10)
3. run in the hallways 在走廊里跑 (p.10)
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4. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西 (p.10) 5. wear the school uniform 穿校服 (p.10)
6. use your phone in class 在课堂上用手机 (p.10)
7. keep your school clean and tidy 保持学校干净整洁 (p.10)
8. be polite to everyone 对每个人都有礼貌 (p.10)
9. put up your hand 举手 (p.10)
10. lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 (p.11)
11. turn off the phone 关掉手机 (p.11)
12. jump the queue 插队 (p.13)
13. wait your turn 排队等候 (p.13) 14. be absent from class 缺课 (p.13) 15. make your bed 整理床铺 (p.14)
16. hang out with friends 和朋友闲逛 (p.14)
17. focus on learning 专注于学习 (p.14)
18. build school spirit 建立校园精神 (p.14)
19. get along well with others 与他人相处融洽 (p.16)
短语用法拓展
1. have to + 动词原形 表示“必须做某事”
- 例句：I have to finish my homework first. (p.14)
2. can / can't + 动词原形 表示“可以/不可以做某事”
- 例句：We can't eat snacks in class. (p.11)
3. must / mustn't + 动词原形 表示“必须/禁止做某事”
- 例句：You mustn't use your phone in class. (p.10)
4. Don't + 动词原形 构成祈使句否定式，表示“不要做某事”
- 例句：Don't run in the hallway. (p.10)
三、核心句型 重点陈述句
1. Don't be late for school. Arrive on time. (p.10)
解析：本句为祈使句的否定形式（Don't + 动词原形）和肯定形式（动词原形开头），用于表达规则和指令。
2. Mary can't run in the hallway. She has to walk in the hallway. (p.10)
解析：本句使用情态动词 can't 表示“不允许”，并用 has to 表示“必须”，对比说明规则要求。
3. We can't bring our mobile phones to class. We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers. (p.11)
解析：本句使用 can't 表示禁止，并用 have to 说明必须采取的行动，清晰阐述学校关于手机的规定。
4. I have to hurry to school because I can't be late for school. (p.14)
解析：本句使用 because 引导原因状语从句，解释“不得不 hurry”的原因，体现规则的内在逻辑。
5. Rules can help you to become a better person. (p.14)
解析：情态动词 can 表示可能性或能力，help sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，说明规则的好处。
功能交际句型
谈论规则 (Talking about rules)
- 询问规则： What rules do we have at school (p.12)
- 陈述规则： We must/mustn't ... / We can/can't ... / We have to ... / Don't ... (p.12)
- 询问是否允许： Can we eat snacks in class (p.13) / Can I look at your book (p.13)
解释规则原因 (Explaining why we have rules)
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- 说明原因： You mustn't be late for class. That shows respect for your class and teacher. (p.14)
- 阐述好处： Rules can help you to become a better person. / Rules help to make the world better. (p.14)
表达个人感受与问题 (Expressing feelings and problems)
- 表达困扰： There are too many rules in my life! (p.14) / I never have fun. (p.15) - 寻求建议： What can I do (p.14)
给予建议 (Giving advice)
- 提出建议： You can also think about the things you can do! (p.14) - 安慰鼓励： I know it's hard, but rules can help... (p.14)
四、核心语法
情态动词 (Modal Verbs): can, can't, have to, must, mustn't 1. can / can't
- 表示“能力”或“许可”。
- 结构：主语 + can/can't + 动词原形。 - 例句：
- We can drink water in class. (p.11) (许可)
- I can't find my pencil box. (p.11) (能力)
2. have to
- 表示“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要。
- 结构：主语 + have to + 动词原形。(第三人称单数用 has to) - 例句：I have to wear the uniform. (p.14)
3. must / mustn't
- must 表示“必须”，强调主观义务或强烈建议。
- mustn't 表示“禁止，不许”，语气强烈。
- 结构：主语 + must/mustn't + 动词原形。
- 例句：
- You must wait your turn. (p.13) - You mustn't litter. (p.10)
区别小贴士：
- have to vs. must: have to 更像“被要求”，must 更像“我觉得应该”。
- can't vs. mustn't: can't 是“不允许/不能”，mustn't 是“绝对禁止”。
祈使句 (Imperatives)
1. 肯定形式：动词原形开头。
- Walk in the hallway. (p.10)
- Be polite and treat everyone with respect. (p.10) 2. 否定形式：Don't + 动词原形。
- Don't run in the hallways. (p.10) - Don't litter. (p.10)
3. 表示礼貌的请求：Please + 动词原形 或 动词原形 + , please.
- Please be quiet. / Be quiet, please. 连词 because 引导原因状语从句
- 用于解释行动或规则的原因。
- 结构：主句 + because + 原因从句。 - 例句：
- I have to hurry to school because I can't be late. (p.14)
- You can't use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. (p.14)
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五、听力 & 口语专项
听力高频考点
1. 场景：
- 学校场景：讨论校规、班级规则。 (p.10, p.11) - 家庭场景：谈论家规及个人感受。 (p.14)
- 公共场合：图书馆、电影院、公园等场所的规则对话。 (p.13) 2. 关键词：
- 规则动词： must, mustn't, can, can't, have to, don't
- 规则名词： rule, uniform, hallway, phone, snack, queue
- 地点名词： classroom, library, dining hall, cinema, park
- 感受形容词： unhappy, awful, good, important
3. 题型预判：
- 听对话，判断规则是否存在或被提及（如 p.10 练习 1b）。
- 听对话，完成关于规则的句子（如 p.10 练习 1c）。
- 听对话，选择说话人对规则的看法（赞同/反对）。
- 听独白（如老师/校长讲话），记录主要规则。
口语交际模板
场景 1：向新同学介绍校规 (仿照 p.11 Anne 和 Tom 的对话) A: Hi, you're new here, right I'm Li Ming.
B: Yes, I'm Wang Fang. It's my first day.
A: Nice to meet you! Do you know our school rules
B: Not really. Can you tell me
A: Sure. We mustn't use mobile phones in class. We have to turn them off.
B: What about eating
A: We can't eat snacks in class, but we can drink water.
B: Thanks for telling me!
场景 2：倾诉家规困扰并寻求建议 (仿照 p.14 Alice 的信) A: You look unhappy. What's wrong
B: There are too many rules at home! I have to clean my room every day and I can't watch TV until I finish
all my homework.
A: I know how you feel. But some rules can help us. Maybe you can talk to your parents about your feelings.
B: Maybe. But I also have to practise the piano for an hour every day. I'm so tired.
A: Why don't you make a timetable Finish your homework and piano first, then you can relax and watch
TV.
场景 3：小组讨论并制定班级规则 (仿照 p.16 Project) A: Let's make some class rules to help us learn better.
B: Good idea. I think we must listen to the teacher carefully in class.
C: Yes, and we mustn't talk loudly when others are speaking.
A: We should also help each other with homework.
B: And we have to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
C: Let's write them down and make a poster!
六、话题写作专项
单元核心写作话题
1. 写一封信倾诉规则困扰并寻求建议 (Write a letter about rule problems)
2. 以“Dr Know”的身份写一封回信提出建议 (Write a reply as Dr Know)
3. 介绍你学校或班级的几条重要规则并说明原因 (Introduce and explain important rules)
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4. 设计并描述一个“理想规则”海报 (Design and describe a rule poster)
满分写作结构与佳句 话题：写一封倾诉规则困扰的信 (A letter to Dr Know) 开头段 (Introduction)：礼貌问候 + 表明问题
- 直接求助： Dear Dr Know, Can you help me I have a problem with too many rules.
- 描述感受： Dear Dr Know, I am writing to you because I feel very unhappy about all the rules in my life.
主体段 (Body)：具体描述规则 + 表达感受 (使用本单元语法和词汇)
1. 学校规则：
- At school, we have to wear the uniform every day. I can't wear my favourite clothes.
- We mustn't use mobile phones in class. I think it's a good rule, but sometimes I need to contact my
parents.
2. 家庭规则：
- After school, I have to finish my homework first. Then I must practise the piano for an hour. I can't
play with my friends on weekdays.
- I have to make my bed and clean my room every morning. I feel very tired. 3. 表达感受与困惑：
- I know some rules are important, but there are too many rules. I never have time to relax.
- What can I do I feel awful sometimes.
结尾段 (Conclusion)：总结困扰 + 再次请求建议
- 总结感受： In short, I feel these rules are too strict and make me unhappy.
- 恳切请求： Could you please give me some advice I really need your help.
- 礼貌结束： Thank you for reading my letter. / Yours, Your Name
写作范文(A Letter to Dr Know) Dear Dr Know,
Can you help me I have too many rules to follow both at home and at school, and I feel very unhappy.
At school, we have to wear the school uniform. I can't wear my own jacket. We mustn't be late for class,
so I have to get up very early every morning. We also can't use mobile phones in class. I understand this rule,
but sometimes I need to check the time.At home, there are even more rules. I have to make my bed and
clean my room every day. After school, I must finish all my homework before I can watch TV or play games.
On weekends, I have to go to an English class and a piano lesson. I can't hang out with my friends often.
I know rules are important. They help us to become better and keep order. But I feel I have no time for
myself. I am always busy and tired. What can I do Could you please give me some advice
Thank you very much.
Yours,
Eric
七、易错点 & 中考高频考点 词汇易错点 1. 拼写易错：
- quietly (易误写为 quitely)
- uniform (易误写为 unifrom)
- restaurant (本单元未出现，但相关场景常用) 2. 短语动词混淆：
- turn on (打开) vs. turn off (关闭)
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- put up (举起；张贴) vs. put on (穿上) 3. 近音词混淆：
- quiet (安静的) vs. quite (相当) - feel (感觉) vs. fill (装满)
语法易错点
1. 情态动词后接动词原形
- You must be quiet.
- You must to be quiet. / You must being quiet. 2. have to 的人称和时态变化
- 现在时：I/You/We/They have to; He/She/It has to - 过去时：had to
- She has to wear a uniform.
- She have to wear a uniform.
3. because 与 so 不能连用
- I'm tired because I went to bed late.
- I went to bed late, so I'm tired.
- Because I went to bed late, so I'm tired.
中考高频考点
1. 语法单项选择：
- 考查情态动词 can, can't, must, mustn't, have to 的辨析和用法。 - 考查祈使句的肯定和否定形式。
- 考查 because 引导的原因状语从句。 2. 完形填空：
- 在“学校生活与规则”或“个人成长与烦恼”话题中，考查规则相关词汇和情态动词在语境中的运用。 3. 阅读理解：
- 涉及“校规”、“家规”或“公共场合规则”的说明文或书信，要求理解规则内容、原因及人物的态度。 4. 书面表达：
- 以“My School Rules”或“A Letter to Dr Know”为题，要求使用情态动词描述规则，并用 because 说
明原因。
八、单元知识拓展
文化背景（规则意识与社会秩序） 1. 中西校园规则差异：
- 中国学校普遍要求穿校服、禁止手机入课堂，强调集体纪律。
- 部分西方学校对着装要求相对宽松，但同样注重课堂秩序和尊重。
2. 公共秩序与礼仪：
- “排队”（queue）在英国等国家被视为重要的社会礼仪和规则。 - “在图书馆保持安静”是全球通行的公共规则。
3. 规则与自由的关系：
- 本单元通过 Alice 和 Dr Know 的对话，引导学生辩证思考：规则不是为了限制自由，而是为了
保障每个人的权益和创造更好的秩序（No rules, no order）。
拓展词汇
- 更多规则相关词汇： permission (许可), discipline (纪律), obey (遵守), break the rule (违反规则), penalty (处罚), warning (警告)
- 公共场合： museum (博物馆), subway (地铁), shopping mall (商场), waiting room (等候室) - 表达感受： frustrated (沮丧的), confused (困惑的), reasonable (合理的), unfair (不公平的)
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