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新人教版七下 Unit 1 Animal Friends 知识清单
一、核心词汇
基础必背词汇 名词 (n.)：
- fox /f ks/ 狐狸 (p.2)
- lion / la n/ 狮子 (p.2)
- tiger / ta ɡ (r)/ 老虎 (p.2)
- giraffe /d rɑ f/ 长颈鹿 (p.2)
- monkey / m ki/ 猴子 (p.2)
- eagle / i ɡl/ 雕；鹰 (p.2)
- wolf /w lf/ (pl. wolves /w lvz/) 狼 (p.2)
- penguin / pe ɡw n/ 企鹅 (p.2)
- care /ke (r)/ 照顾；护理 (p.2)
- sandwich / s nw t / 三明治 (p.3)
- snake /sne k/ 蛇 (p.5)
- neck /nek/ 脖子 (p.5)
- shark / ɑ k/ 鲨鱼 (p.5) - whale /we l/ 鲸 (p.5)
- sheep / i p/ 绵羊 (p.5) - bear /be (r)/ 熊 (p.5)
- luck /l k/ 幸运；运气 (p.6)
- symbol / s mbl/ 象征 (p.6)
- trunk /tr k/ 象鼻 (p.6)
- swimmer / sw m (r)/ 游泳者 (p.6)
- culture / k lt (r)/ 文化；文明 (p.6)
- danger / de nd (r)/ 危险 (p.6)
- forest / f r st/ 森林 (p.6)
- ivory / a v ri/ 象牙 (p.6)
- fur /f (r)/ （动物的）软毛 (p.7)
- hearing / h r / 听力 (p.7)
动词 (v.)：
- care /ke (r)/ 关心；在乎 (p.2) - pick /p k/ 捡；摘 (p.6)
- carry / k ri/ 拿；提 (p.6)
- save /se v/ 救；储蓄；保存 (p.6) - kill /k l/ 杀死；弄死 (p.6)
- guess /ɡes/ 猜测；估计 (p.5)
- celebrate / sel bre t/ 庆祝 (p.6)
- remember /r memb (r)/ 记得 (p.6)
- count /ka nt/ 重要；有价值 (p.6)
形容词 (adj.)：
- clever / klev (r)/ 聪明的 (p.2) - funny / f ni/ 有趣的 (p.2)
- dangerous / de nd r s/ 危险的 (p.3) - cute /kju t/ 可爱的 (p.3)
- cool /ku l/ 酷的 (p.3)
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- lovely / l vli/ 可爱的 (p.3)
- amazing / me z / 令人惊奇的 (p.3)
- interesting / ntr st / 有趣的 (p.3)
- smart /smɑ t/ 聪明的 (p.3)
- scary / ske ri/ 吓人的；恐怖的 (p.5)
- huge /hju d / 巨大的；极多的 (p.5)
- strong /str / 强壮的 (p.6)
- playful / ple fl/ 爱嬉戏的；爱玩的 (p.6) - kind /ka nd/ 善良的 (p.6)
- friendly / frendli/ 友好的 (p.7)
- blind /bla nd/ 瞎的；失明的 (p.7)
- beautiful / bju t fl/ 美丽的 (p.7)
- great /ɡre t/ 很好的；伟大的 (p.7)
- close /kl s/ 亲密的 (p.7)
副词 (adv.)：
- so /s / 这么；那么 (p.3, p.5)
- really / ri li/ 非常；确实 (p.5)
- however /ha ev (r)/ 然而；不过 (p.6)
- quite /kwa t/ 相当；完全 (p.7)
短语/固定搭配：
- take care of 照顾；处理 (p.2) - pick up 拿起；举起 (p.6)
- one another 互相 (p.6) - look after 照顾 (p.6)
- in danger 处于危险之中 (p.6)
- cut down 砍伐；减少 (p.6)
- too many 太多 (p.6)
- made of 由……制成的 (p.6) - quite a 相当；非常 (p.7)
- not … at all 一点也不；完全不 (p.7)
词形转换
1. care (n./v. 照顾) → careful (adj. 小心的) → carefully (adv. 小心地) 2. danger (n. 危险) → dangerous (adj. 危险的)
3. friend (n. 朋友) → friendly (adj. 友好的)
4. play (v. 玩耍) → playful (adj. 爱玩的) → player (n. 玩家)
5. luck (n. 运气) → lucky (adj. 幸运的) → unlucky (adj. 不幸的)
6. save (v. 拯救) → safe (adj. 安全的) → safety (n. 安全)
7. beauty (n. 美) → beautiful (adj. 美丽的)
8. interest (n. 兴趣) → interesting (adj. 有趣的) → interested (adj. 感兴趣的)
易混词/近义词辨析
1. like (v. 喜欢) 与 love (v. 热爱)
- like 表示一般的喜欢，程度较轻。
- love 表示强烈的热爱或喜爱，程度更深。
- 例句：I like monkeys, but I love pandas. (p.2, p.6) 2. clever (adj. 聪明的) 与 smart (adj. 聪明的)
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- clever 常指思维敏捷，有巧思。
- smart 可指聪明、机灵，也指外表时髦。
- 例句：Monkeys are clever. Penguins look smart. (p.2, p.3) 3. cute (adj. 可爱的) 与 lovely (adj. 可爱的)
- cute 多形容小巧、惹人怜爱的事物（如动物、婴儿）。
- lovely 含义更广，可形容令人愉快、美好的人或事物。
- 例句：The baby panda is cute. We had a lovely day at the zoo. (p.3)
4. look after (phr. 照顾) 与 take care of (phr. 照顾)
- 两者常可互换，表示“照料”。
- look after 更强调“看管、负责”。
- take care of 更强调“处理、负责（某事）”，含义更广。
- 例句：Elephants look after their babies. We should take care of our pets. (p.6)
二、核心短语
基础必背短语
1. talk about animals 谈论动物 (p.1)
2. introduce your favourite animal 介绍你最喜欢的动物 (p.1)
3. use adjectives to describe animals 用形容词描述动物 (p.1)
4. care for animals 关爱动物 (p.1)
5. take care of babies 照顾幼崽 (p.2) 6. keep warm 保暖 (p.3)
7. stand close together 紧靠在一起站立 (p.3)
8. be from / come from 来自 (p.3, p.5)
9. look lovely / amazing 看起来可爱/惊人 (p.3)
10. walk funny 走路很有趣 (p.3)
11. pick up and carry heavy things 捡起并搬运重物 (p.6) 12. be in danger 处于危险中 (p.6) 13. cut down trees 砍伐树木 (p.6)
14. be made of ivory 由象牙制成 (p.6)
15. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 (p.7)
16. find one's way around 认路 (p.7)
17. stay safe 保持安全 (p.7)
短语用法拓展
1. like...because... 喜欢……因为……
- 用于说明喜欢某物的原因。
- 例句：I like monkeys because they're clever and funny. (p.2)
2. Why do you like... 你为什么喜欢……？
- 用于询问喜好原因。
- 例句：Why do you like penguins so much (p.3)
3. What does it look like 它长什么样？
- 用于询问外貌。(p.4)
- 同义：How does it look
4. Where is it from / Where does it live 它来自哪里？/ 它住在哪里？
- 用于询问来源或栖息地。(p.4) 5. What can it do 它能做什么？
- 用于询问能力。(p.4)
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三、核心句型
重点陈述句（课文原句，带语法解析）
1. The elephant is my favourite animal. I love elephants because they are strong and clever. (p.6)
解析：本句为“主系表”结构，并用 because 引导原因状语从句，说明喜欢大象的原因。
2. They can pick up and carry heavy things with their trunks. (p.6)
解析：情态动词 can 表示能力，后接动词原形 pick up 和 carry。with their trunks 是介词短语作方式状语。
3. Elephants are like us in some ways. (p.6)
解析：be like 表示“像……”。in some ways 是固定短语，意为“在某些方面”。
4. However, they are in danger. (p.6)
解析：However 是转折副词，用于引出与前述内容相反或对比的信息，常与逗号连用。
5. Let’s save the forests and not buy things made of ivory. (p.6)
解析：Let’s... 是祈使句，用于提出建议。made of ivory 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 things 。
功能交际句型
询问与描述动物喜好
- 询问最爱： What’s your favourite animal (p.2)
- 回答最爱： It’s the monkey. / My favourite animal is the panda. (p.2)
- 询问原因： Why do you like (monkeys) / Why don’t you like (snakes) (p.2, p.5)
- 说明原因： Because they’re (clever and funny). / Because they’re (really scary). (p.2, p.5)
询问与描述动物信息（仿照 2d）
- 询问外貌： What does it look like / How does it look (p.4)
- 询问来源： Where does it usually live / Where is it from (p.4)
- 询问能力： What can it do (p.4)
- 询问食物： What does it usually eat (p.4)
提出建议与倡议
- 提出行动： Let’s go and see the monkeys. (p.3) - 发出倡议： Let’s save the forests. (p.6)
- 给出警告： Don’t give them your sandwich! It’s not good for them. (p.3)
四、核心语法
特殊疑问句 (Wh-Questions)
1. What 引导：询问事物、名称或活动。
- What's your favourite animal (p.2) - 询问最喜欢的动物是什么。 - What does it look like (p.4) - 询问外貌。
- What can it do (p.4) - 询问能力。 2. Where 引导：询问地点或来源。
- Where are penguins from (p.3, p.5) - 询问来源地。
- Where does it usually live (p.4) - 询问栖息地。
3. Why 引导：询问原因。
- Why do you like monkeys (p.2) - 询问喜欢的原因。
- Why don’t you like snakes (p.5) - 询问不喜欢的原因。
- 回答时常用 Because... 引导的句子说明原因。
表示原因的连词 Because
- 用于回答 Why 引导的问句，连接原因状语从句。 - 例句：
- Why do you like penguins - Because they’re very cute! (p.3)
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- Why don’t you like sharks - Because they’re really scary. (p.5)
名词的复数形式
- 规则变化：+s (lions, tigers, giraffes)
- 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾：+es (foxes, boxes)
- 以辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i + es (lady → ladies)
- 不规则变化：
- wolf → wolves (p.2) - sheep → sheep (p.5) - mouse → mice (p.5)
介词 from 表示来源
- 结构：Where + be 动词 + 主语 + from 或 Where + do/does + 主语 + come from
- 回答：主语 + be 动词 + from + 地点. 或 主语 + come(s) from + 地点.
- 例句：
- Q: Where are penguins from A: They’re from Antarctica. (p.3, p.5)
- Q: Where are giraffes from A: They’re from Africa. (p.5)
五、听力 & 口语专项
听力高频考点
1. 场景：
- 在动物园或自然纪录片中的对话。(p.2)
- 朋友间讨论各自喜欢的动物及原因。(p.2, p.3)
- 听取关于动物外貌、习性、来源和能力的描述。(p.4) 2. 关键词：
- 动物名称：fox, lion, tiger, giraffe, monkey, eagle, wolf, penguin, elephant, snake, shark, whale
- 形容词：clever, funny, dangerous, cute, scary, huge, strong, playful, friendly
- 动词与短语：like, love, be from, look like, live in, eat, can (do)
- 疑问词：what, where, why
3. 题型预判：
- 听对话，匹配动物与图片 (如 p.2 练习 13)。
- 听对话，判断句子正误 (T/F) (如 p.2 练习 15)。
- 听对话，回答问题 (如 p.2 练习 14)。
- 听对话，填写动物信息卡 (如 p.4 练习 2a)。
口语交际模板
场景 1：讨论各自最喜欢的动物 (仿照 p.2 练习 16) A: What’s your favourite animal
B: It’s the monkey.
A: Why do you like monkeys
B: Because they’re clever and funny. What about you
A: My favourite animal is the wolf.
B: Why do you like wolves / Why (表示惊讶或好奇)
A: Because I think they are cool and they take good care of their babies.
场景 2：根据线索猜测动物 (仿照 p.5 语法部分猜测游戏)
A: Let's play a guessing game. Think of an animal.
B: OK.
A: Is it big B: Yes, it is.
A: Does it have a long neck
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B: No, it doesn't.
A: Is it black and white
B: Yes, it is.
A: Where is it from B: It's from China. A: It's a panda!
B: Yes, you're right!
场景 3：介绍一种动物并呼吁保护 (仿照 p.6 Malee 的帖子) A: Do you know elephants are in danger
B: Really Why
A: Because people cut down too many trees in the forests. And some people kill elephants for their ivory.
B: That's terrible. What can we do
A: We should save the forests. And we must not buy things made of ivory.
B: You're right. Every elephant counts.
六、话题写作专项
单元核心写作话题
1. 介绍你最喜欢的动物 (Describe your favourite animal)
2. 写一篇关于动物保护的短文 (Write about animal protection，如保护大象)
3. 设计并介绍一个动物园 (Design and introduce a zoo，如 p.8 Project)
满分写作结构与佳句
话题：介绍你最喜欢的动物 (My Favourite Animal)
开头段 (Introduction)：引出主题 + 点明最爱的动物
- 开门见山： Of all the animals in the world, my favourite is the panda.
- 设问引入： What animal is black and white, cute and comes from China Yes, it's the panda, and it's my
favourite.
- 直抒胸臆： I love many animals, but nothing is more special to me than the elephant.
主体段 (Body)：分层描述动物特征 1. 外貌 (Looks):
- It is huge with large ears and a long trunk. (描述大象)
- It has beautiful black and white fur and looks very cute and lovely. (描述熊猫)
2. 来源与栖息地 (Home):
- It is from China and usually lives in the forests. (描述熊猫)
- They are from Africa and live in the grasslands and forests. (描述长颈鹿)
3. 能力与习性 (Ability & Habits):
- It can climb trees and eat bamboo. (描述熊猫)
- They can pick up and carry heavy things with their trunks. They are also great swimmers. (描述大象) 4. 性格特点 (What it is like):
- They are very playful and kind. They look after each other. (描述大象)
- Pandas are usually calm and friendly, but they can be strong too.
5. 喜爱原因 (Why you like it):
- I like it because it is not only cute but also a symbol of China. (描述熊猫)
- I love them because they are strong, clever and very important to Thai culture. (描述大象，仿照 p.6)
结尾段 (Conclusion)：总结感受 + 升华主题 (如呼吁保护)
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- 总结感受： In short, the panda is a wonderful animal. It always makes me happy.
- 发出呼吁： However, many animals like elephants are in danger now. We should take care of them and
protect their homes.
- 表达愿望：I hope more people will learn about these amazing animals and learn to love and protect them.
写作范文
My Favourite Animal: The Elephant
Of all the animals, the elephant is my favourite. I think elephants are truly amazing creatures.
Elephants are huge animals with large ears, small eyes and a long trunk. They are from Africa and Asia,
and they live in forests and grasslands. Elephants can do many things. They can use their trunks to pick up
food, drink water and even carry heavy things. They are also great swimmers. What's more, elephants are
very clever and kind. They can remember places and other elephants for many years. They also look after
each other, especially the baby elephants.
I love elephants because they are strong, clever and friendly. They are an important part of nature and
culture in many countries. However, elephants are in danger now because people cut down too many trees
and kill them for ivory. We must save them. Let's protect the forests and say no to things made of ivory.
Every elephant counts, and we should all take care of these gentle giants.
七、易错点 & 中考高频考点
词汇易错点 1. 名词复数：
- wolf → wolves (易误写为 wolfs)
- sheep → sheep (复数不变，易误加 s)
2. 发音与拼写：
- penguin / pe ɡw n/ (易误读/拼)
- giraffe /d rɑ f/ (注意重音和 ff)
- dangerous (易漏掉 o 或误拼为 dangrous)
3. 短语动词：
- take care of (易漏掉 of)
- look after (易与 look for 混淆)
- be made of (易与 be made from 混淆)
语法易错点
1. Because 的使用：
- because 引导原因状语从句，是连词，后接完整句子。 - Because they are cute. ( 作为回答)
- Because cute. ( 错误，缺少主语和谓语) 2. Where...from 结构：
- 注意 be 动词与主语的一致。
- Where is the panda from It is from China.
- Where is the panda come from (come 多余)
3. 特殊疑问句语序：
- 疑问词后跟一般疑问句语序（助动词/be 动词提前）。 - What do you like (do 提前)
- What you like ( 未用疑问语序) 中考高频考点
1. 语法单项选择：
- 考查 What, Where, Why 引导的特殊疑问句。
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- 考查 because 引导的原因状语从句。
- 考查名词复数的不规则变化 (wolf→wolves)。 2. 完形填空：
- 在“动物与自然”话题中，考查动物名称、描述性形容词、习性动词（如 live, eat, swim）在语境 中的运用。
3. 阅读理解：
- 涉及动物介绍、习性说明或动物保护主题的短文。考查细节理解（如外貌、能力、来源）和主 旨大意。
4. 书面表达：
- 以“My Favourite Animal”或“Let’s Protect Animals”为题，要求使用本单元动物词汇、形容词、特 殊疑问句信息结构以及 because 说明原因。
八、单元知识拓展
文化背景
1. 中国珍稀动物：
- 熊猫 (Giant Panda)：中国的国宝，象征和平与友谊。
- 金丝猴 (Golden Snub-nosed Monkey)：中国特有珍稀动物。
- 藏羚羊 (Tibetan Antelope)：生活在青藏高原。
2. 国际动物保护标志日：
- 世界大象日 (World Elephant Day)：8 月 12 日。
- 世界野生动物日 (World Wildlife Day)：3 月 3 日。
3. 动物的文化象征：
- 大象在泰国是国宝，象征力量、智慧与吉祥。
- 狼在许多文化中象征团队合作与坚韧，但也常被误解。
拓展词汇
- 更多动物： zebra (斑马), kangaroo (袋鼠), camel (骆驼), dolphin (海豚), owl (猫头鹰)
- 栖息地： rainforest (雨林), ocean (海洋), desert (沙漠), mountain (山脉), river (河流)
- 保护行动： protect (保护), wildlife reserve (野生动物保护区), endangered (濒危的), volunteer (志愿者),
raise awareness (提高意识)
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