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(共28张PPT)
专题四　数词
目录
CONTENTS
02 课堂精讲
03 备考精练
01 思维导图
思维导图
01
课堂精讲
02
一、基数词的表达和用法
1. 基数词的表达
(1)表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，基数词后面通常接可数名词。
基数词(几) one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine
基数词(十几) eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen
基数词(几十) ten，twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，sixty，seventy，eighty，ninety
　　(2)13—19的基数词以teen结尾，20—90的整十位均以ty结尾。十位数与个位数之间要加连字符“-”，如：thirty-one 31；百位和十位之间加and，如：one hundred and fifty 150。
2. 基数词的用法
(1) “基数词＋单数名词＋形容词”构成合成形容词，如：
a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩，an 800-metre-long bridge 一座800米长的桥
a two-hour ride=two hours’ ride 两小时的车程
(2)当hundred，thousand，million这些词前面有具体的基数词(如 one，two，three...或 several，a few 等)时，需用单数形式，直接修饰名词，不与 of 连用，强调 “确切的数目”，如：two thousand people两千人，three hundred metres三百米。当表示 “成百上千、成千上万、数百万” 等不确切的 “大量、许多” 时，需用复数形式(hundreds，thousands，millions)，且必须与 of 连用，修饰可数名词复数，如：hundreds of people数百人，thousands of birds 成千上万的鸟。
二、序数词的表达和用法
1. 序数词的构成和表达
(1)表示顺序的数词叫序数词，序数词的构成：
①序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词词尾加-th构成，如：fourth，tenth。但以下这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处。如：one—first，two—second，three—third，five—fifth，nine—ninth，twelve—twelfth。
②以ty结尾的单词，要先变y为i，再加-eth。如：thirty—thirtieth，fifty—fiftieth。
③以one，two，three 等结尾的多位数词，只将个位数变成序数词。 如：twenty-one—twenty-first。
(2)基数词与序数词对应的变化：
基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词
one first thirty thirtieth
two second forty fortieth
three third fifty fiftieth
five fifth sixty sixtieth
eight eighth seventy seventieth
nine ninth eighty eightieth
twelve twelfth ninety ninetieth
twenty twentieth ninety-one ninety-first
　　2. 序数词的用法
(1)序数词前面一般加定冠词the或物主代词等限定词。如：the first time第一次，his second son他的第二个儿子。
(2)如果序数词前加不定冠词a/an，则表示“又一，再一”。如：
I’ve tried twice.And I want a third try.我已经试过两次了，还想再试一次。
(3)“the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词＋in/of＋比较范围”的表达。如：
The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China.长江是中国的第一长河。
三、分数、小数、百分数的表达
1. 分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子是1，分母用单数，分子大于1，分母用复数。当分母是2时，可用half；当分母是4时，可用 quarter。如：
one third 1/3，two thirds 2/3，a half 1/2，one fourth 或 a quarter 1/4，three fourths 或 three quarters 3/4。
2. 分数作主语时，谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定，如果是不可数名词或是可数名词单数则谓语动词用单数，如果是可数名词复数则谓语动词用复数。如：
Three quarters of the information comes from the Internet.四分之三的信息来自互联网。
Half of the apple has been eaten.这个苹果的一半已被吃掉了。
One third of the students here are from rural areas.这里的学生有三分之一来自农村地区。
3. 小数和百分数的表达法
(1)小数点读作 point，小数点前后的数用基数词表示。如：zero point zero four 0.04。
(2)百分数用 percent 表示。如： three percent 3%。
四、时间的表达
1. 时刻的表达：小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。
表达方式 时间 读法 示例
顺读法 整点 基数词(＋o’clock) 9：00 nine(o’clock)
几点零几分 钟点数(＋o)＋分钟数 9：05 nine(o) five
几点几十分 钟点数＋分钟数 9：40 nine forty
逆读法 ＜30分钟 分钟数＋past＋钟点数 9：10 ten past nine
＞30分钟 到下一个钟点所差的分钟数＋to＋下一个钟点数 9：50 ten to ten
30分钟 half past＋钟点数 9：30 half past nine
说明 15分、45分可以用a quarter表示，如：9：45 a quarter to ten
　　2. 年份、年代的表达
(1)“年份”用基数词。
nineteen ninety-nine 1999年，nineteen hundred 1900年，(the year) two thousand 2000年，nineteen zero five 1905年
(2)“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。
1998年6月8日 写作：June 8，1998；
读作：June the eighth，nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June，nineteen ninety-eight
(3)世纪、年代的表达
in the nineties在90年代，in the nineteenth century在19世纪，in the 1730s或1730’s在18世纪30年代
五、编号的表达
1. 用基数词来表示编号时，应放在名词之后，基数词和名词首字母大写，且不需任何冠词。如：
Page One 第一页；Room 301 301房间；Carriage No.5 第五号车厢。
2. 用序数词来表示编号时，应放在名词之前，且前面需加定冠词the。如：the first page第一页；the tenth week 第十周。
六、倍数的表达
英语中，表示倍数时，“一倍”用 once 表示；“两倍”用 twice 表示；三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表示。表达倍数常用以下几种结构。
1. 倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than…
Her bedroom is twice bigger than yours.她的卧室比你的大两倍。
2. 倍数＋as＋形容词或副词原级＋as…
The ball is three times as heavy as that one.这个球的重量是那个球的三倍。
3. 倍数＋the＋n.(size/weight/height/length…)＋of…
The river is four times the length of the stream nearby.这条河的长度是附近小溪的四倍。
备考精练
03
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. She won the ____________(one) prize in the school English competition.
2. After failing the test，the teacher gave him a ____________ (two) chance to prove himself.
3. This is the ____________(three) time I’ve reminded you to bring your textbook.
4. Our classroom is on the ____________(five) floor of the building.
first
second
third
fifth
5. The ____________(eight) question in the maths test is the hardest of all.
6. She is reading the ____________(nine) book in the series this month.
7. December is the ____________(twelve) month of the year.
8. The final exam will be held on the ____________(thirty) of June.
9. AI has become an important part of daily life in the ______________ (twenty-one) century.
eighth
ninth
twelfth
thirtieth
twenty-first
10. About three ____________(four) of the Earth’s surface is covered by water.
11. ____________(thousand) of people watched the fireworks on New Year’s Eve.
12. She checked her answers ____________(two) before handing in.
13. He celebrated his ____________(twenty-five) birthday with a big party.
14. Tom went to China in his ____________(thirty).
15. In her ____________(forty)，she started her own business and became successful.
fourths
Thousands
twice
twenty-fifth
thirties
forties
二、六选五。(2025·成都)
A.Be in touch with yourself.
B.Start from the inside and move out.
C.Sit down and find out what comes first.
D.Write down the things that need to get done.
E.Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easy.
F.It is quite natural when humans are facing stress.
From time to time，you may suffer from being overwhelmed(难以承受的). You may feel disappointed，sad，hurt or even helpless. 1.________ Here is some advice to help you.
E
Know your feelings.It can be hard sometimes to find the right words to express what you’re feeling.The Feelings Wheel can help.2.____________ Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel，and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center.This can help you get clear about what you’re feeling.
Accept what you feel.It is okay to feel lonely；it is okay to feel nervous；and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. 3.____________ There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way.Many of us do too，at different points in our lives.
B
F
Make a list.Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do.Perhaps there is too much to study，or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party.4.____________ Then，list the tasks in order of importance or urgency(紧迫性).You will feel calmer when you finish the list—you would have control over the tasks and yourself!
Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice.5.____________ Learn what works best for you.You only have one YOU!
D
A
三、语法填空。(2025·湖北改编)
Have you ever used your fingerprint to open a door Have you ever taken a self-driving taxi on the road 1.____________ (technology) have brought great changes to our life.Actually，changes can also 2.____________(find) in your school.
“Now，we don’t have to rush to the canteen(食堂) as soon as the bell rings，” says Hu Liang，a student from
Jiangxi.3.____________(he) school introduced a smart canteen system(系统) this year.Students choose meals online first.When
Technologies
be found
His
it’s time for their orders，they pick up meals 4.____________ using facial recognition(人脸识别) technology.The smart
canteen offers students 5.____________(enjoy) experiences.At the same time，it helps the school plan meals and reduce
kitchen waste.Besides 6.____________(provide) delicious food，the smart school also tries to help students develop good living habits.
by
enjoyable
providing
Recently，a middle school in Chongqing 7.____________ (use) four cameras on the playground to follow students and record 8.___________ fast they run.They can 9.____________ (clear) see the top ten students on the screen.That adds fun to running and makes students compete in 10.____________ interesting way.
What other exciting technologies could be part of our life in the future. Let’s look forward to even more changes!
has used
how
clearly
an

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