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初中
英
英
语
语
堂
堂
课
课
人教新教材2024版八年级英语下册
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
Section A
What should we do if we don’t feel well
1a Match the activities with the pictures.
__ sore throat __ stomachache
__ headache toothache
backache cut
D
A
E
B
C
F
1b Listen to four interviews. Write the health problems next to the students.
Name Health Problem Cause
David at a friend’s birthday party.
Ben fell during a
Nancy ate too many
Judy talked too much and didn't
stomachache
ate too much
backache
football game
toothache
too many sweet things
sore throat
enough water
1c Listen again. Find out the cause of each student’s health problem and complete the table in 1b.
1d Choose one convesation from the listening and role-play it.
A: What's wrong / What's the matter / Are you OK
B: I have a stomachache /…
A: What happened
B: I…
知识点解析
1.What’s the matter？What’s wrong？
意思：怎么了，出什么事情了，哪里不舒服？后接with sb./sth，可询问某人或某物怎么了？
— What is the matter with you You look worried.你怎么了？看起来很担心。
— I’m worried about my English exam.我担心英语考试.
— What was the matter with your study partner yesterday She didn’t come to class.你学习伙伴昨天怎么了？没来上课。
— She had a cold—she stayed at home to rest.她感冒了，在家休息。
2.I have a stomachache
have a/an + 疾病名词 “患……病” (cold/fever/cough)
如：have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛
have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒
have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛
have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛
3.①ate too many ②talked too much and didn’t
短语 含义 用法 例句
too much 太多 用作形容词，后接不可数名词 There is too much rain these days
用作副词，修饰动词，放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
用作名词 You gave me too much.
too many 太多 后接可数名词复数 There are too many things for me to do every day.
much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 It’s much too cold in winter.
2a. Match the health problems with the thing you should do.
1. sore throat A. clean the area and cover it
2. stomachache B. press down on your nose
3. toothache C. rest and drink enough water
4. cut D. drink some water with honey
5. nosebleed E. see a dentist
6. fever F. put something warm on your stomach
D
F
E
A
B
C
2b Listen to three conversation. Circle the health problems the students have in 2a. Who got some medicine from school nurse
3.nosebleed
1.stomachache
2.toothache
David
2c Listen again.Complete the school nurse’s advice for each student.
Name Advice
David You shouldn’t next time.
Avoid for now as the gas could make the ache worse.
Nancy You might get an X- ray.
You could eat some ，but no more .
Remember to carefully.
Jeff on your nose. for a few minutes.
You should be next time. Accidents can happen when we are careless.
so much
soft drinks
soft food
sweet things
brush your teeth
Press down
Wait
more careful
2d Work in pairs. Take turns to ask for and give advice for different health problems.
流鼻涕
膝盖擦伤，膝盖瘀伤
A: I'm suffering from / I have a very bad headache.
What can I do
B: You should go to the doctor. You could get some rest for now.
知识点解析
1.avoid 的用法：避免；避开；逃避 过去式：avoided
①接名词 / 代词（表 “避开某人 / 某物”）
结构：avoid + sb./sth.
My study partner tries to avoid junk food because it’s bad for health.（我的学习伙伴尽量避开垃圾食品，因为它对健康不好。）
②接动名词（doing）（表 “避免做某事”）
结构：avoid + doing sth.
To keep healthy, we should avoid staying up late .（为了保持健康，我们要避免熬夜。）
2.suffer的用法 ：过去式：suffered
①. 不及物动词用法：suffer from + 名词（中考核心搭配）
适用场景：后接疾病、疼痛、困难等，表 “患…… 病；受…… 困扰”
结构：suffer from + 疾病 / 疼痛 / 困难
My study partner suffered from a runny nose last week, so she missed the hiking trip.（我的学习伙伴上周感冒流鼻涕，所以错过了徒步旅行。）
He suffered from a bruised knee after playing football, but he still went to school.（他踢完足球后膝盖擦伤，却还是去了学校。）
Many students suffer from stress before exams—they can listen to music to relax.（很多学生考前有压力，他们可以听音乐放松。）
②. 及物动词用法：suffer + 名词
适用场景：后接损失、痛苦、灾难等抽象名词，表 “遭受……（直接损失 / 伤害）”，无需加介词 from。
结构：suffer + 损失 / 痛苦 / 灾难
① The city suffered a big storm last month, but no one was hurt.（这座城市上个月遭遇了大暴雨，但无人受伤。）
② She suffered great pain in her arm after falling off her bike.（她从自行车上摔下来后，手臂剧痛。）
③. 单独作为不及物动词：受苦；变差
可以单独使用，表示“遭受痛苦”或“品质变差”。
He suffered greatly after the death of his wife. 妻子去世后，他非常痛苦。
His grades suffered when he stopped studying. 他停止学习后，成绩就下降了。
3a Read the conversation. What is the matter with Helen？
Doctor: Take a seat, Helen. How are you feeling
Helen: Not good ... I have a runny nose and a fever.
Doctor: Let me take your temperature ... Oh, it's quite high.
Helen: Yes, it started yesterday. I felt so cold, and I didn't have much energy. When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. My throat hurts too.
请 坐
测体温
精力不足，身体乏力
起床
Doctor: Let's see. Yes, the back of your throat looks very red. We'll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. It's flu season.
Helen: What should I do, Doctor
Doctor: You should take some medicine and drink enough water.
Helen: OK, thank you. Can I go to school tomorrow
喉咙后部，喉咙深处
患流感
流感季节
吃 药
Doctor: No, you should rest at home. When you're outside, please wear a mask.It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily.
Helen: I will!
Doctor: And remember, your health is in your hands. If you take good care of yourself, you'll get better soon.
在家休息
戴口罩
阻止....做....，防止...发生....
在你手中，在你掌控之中
照看，照顾
3b Read again. Write notes in the table.
Helen’s descriptions of her problems The doctor’s advice
①I have a runny nose and a fever. ②It started yesterday. I felt so cold, and I didn't have much energy. ③When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. ④My throat hurts too. ①You should take some medicine and drink enough water.
②You should rest at home (and you can’t go to school the next day).
③When you're outside, please wear a mask.
④You should take good care of yourself (to get better soon)
3c Listen to the conversation.The role-play it.
3d Act out a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Use the expressions below to help you.
Doctor Patient
Asking about injuries/ illnesses: How are you feeling What's the matter with your… Does your…hurt Describing injuries/ illnesses:
I feel terrible./ I don't feel well.
I have ...My…hurts.
Giving advice: You should/ shouldn't exercise. Don't go to school. Asking for advice:
Should I stay inside
Can Igo to school tomorrow
Grammar Focus
4a. Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice and circle the reflexive pronouns.
What's wrong I ate too much last night.Now my stomach aches. You shouldn't eat so much next time
What's the matter I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray.You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
表建议的情态动词
反身代词
语 法 聚 焦
一. 情态动词should和could表示建议
1 should 后加动词原形：“应当，应该，可以”
用来表达职责和建议，提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法
You should wear a mask when you are outside. 你外出时，应该戴口罩。
should 的否定形式：should not/shouldn't 不应该，不应当
You shouldn’t eat too much next time. 下次别吃那么多了。
2.情态动词could的用法：
（1）礼貌的要求或请求
Could you please open the window？ 你能开一下窗户吗？
（2）提出建议，比can 更委婉，本单元的学习内容
If you want to say sorry,you could call him. 如果你想说对不起，可以给他打电话
（3）can的过去式，可以，能够。表示过去的能力
When I was young, I could run very fast. （我年轻时跑得很快。）
（4）表达可能性
If you don't wear a coat, you could get sick.（如果你不穿外套，可能会生病的。)
二 反 身 代 词
1.反身代词：表达:1.“......自己，本身”含义的一类代词。
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself
herself
itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
句 法 作 用 例 句
用作动词或介词的宾语 Be careful when you are using a knife. Don’t cut yourself.
You need to take care of yourself when I am away.
主语或宾语的同位语 I cooked the dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。
You had better ask the dentist himself.
你最好问牙医本人。
做表语 Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。
反身代词组成部分动词短语：
enjoy oneself 玩的开心
help oneself （to sth）自用，自取（食物，饮料等）请随意
cut oneself 割伤自己
hurt oneself 伤到自己
teach oneself 自学=learn...by oneself
by oneself 独自地
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns.
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
herself
yourself
ourselves
himself
themselves
itself
过去，曾经，后加动词原形
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
知识点解析
1.Be careful when you are using a knife
可数名词单数变复数的规则之一：以f或fe 结尾的部分单词，把f或fe变成v再加es。
初中阶段常见单词：wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），life（生命）leaf（树叶），self（自己），half（一半）
【记忆口诀】妻子（wife）持刀（knife)去宰狼(wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌；躲在架（shelf）后保己(self）命（life），半片（half）树叶（leaf）遮目光
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
4c Complete the passage with should，shouldn’t or could.
Mobile phones are useful, but you _ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you _ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you _ change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger.
should
could
should
远处的
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
Of course, you _ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly _ look at it when you cross the road！
In fact, you _ avoid using your phone too often. You _ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages.
shouldn't
shouldn’t
should
could
could
过马路
实际上，事实上
替代，而不是
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
知识点解析
1.To protect you eyesprotect
protect 动词 ，保护，防护 过去式：protected，名词形式：protection
①protect sb/sth from sth/doing sth保护...免受...的伤害，保护...远离...的伤害
Parents try to protect their children from danger. 父亲努力保护孩子远离危险
We need to protect the children from getting hurt.
（我们需要保护孩子们免受伤害。）
②protect sb/sth against sth 保护...免受...的伤害，保护...远离...的伤害
You should wear a hat to protect you head against the sun. 戴上帽子防止头部晒伤。
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
2.instead of 的用法：代替；而不是
①. instead of + 名词/代词，用来表示 “用 A 代替 B”，
Let‘s have fish instead of chicken for dinner. 我们晚餐吃鱼吧，别吃鸡肉了。
Why don’t you ask her instead of me 你为什么不问她而问我呢？
②instead of + 动名词（doing）
表示 “做 A 这件事，而不是做 B 这件事”，of 是介词，后接动词 - ing 形式。
She went for a walk instead of staying at home. 她没有待在家里，而是去散步了。
You should practice speaking instead of just listening. 你应该练习说，而不是只听。
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
instead of 引导的短语位置灵活，可置于句首、句中或句尾，不影响句子核心意思。
句首：Instead of complaining, try to find a solution. 别抱怨了，试着找个解决办法。
句中：I’ll have tea instead of coffee. 我喝茶，不喝咖啡。
句尾：I decided to walk instead of driving. 我决定走路，不开车。
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _.
2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _.
3. We couldn't enjoy _ while our mother was in hospital.
4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day.
instead 与 instead of的区别：
instead of instead
词性 介词短语，后面必须接短语 副词，单独实用，不接宾语
含义 代替，而不是 取而代之，相反地
用法 连接具体的两个被比较选项 单独使用，承上启下，代替前文提到的事物
例句 I‘ll have water instead of soda. （水 vs. 汽水） He studied instead of playing. （学习 vs. 玩耍） I don’t want soda. I‘ll have water instead. （不要汽水，我要水。）
He didn‘t play. He studied instead. （他没玩，而是学习了。）
4d Act out an illness or injury. Have the others guess what it is and give advice.
Do you have a sore throat / bad cold /...
Did you fall from your bike / cut yourself /...
You should .../ You could ...

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