资源简介

UNIT 3　课时作业(三)
(分值:45 分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The museum has a large 　　　　 (收藏品) of cultural artifacts from around the world.
2.Children should be brought into contact with 　　　　(诗歌) at an early age.
3.Those 　　　　(商品) on display are very popular among local people because of their unique designs.
4.She brought back some 　　　　 (纪念品) from her trip to different countries.
5.After years of travelling around,they decided to 　　　　(定居) in a coastal city with beautiful scenery.
6.If you want to go by bus,that 　　　　 (适合) me fine.
7.The climate in this region is always 　　　　(温和的),which is really pleasant for outdoor activities.
8.The 　　　　 (建造) of the new cultural centre is expected to be finished next year.
9.　　　　(气候) change is an urgent global issue that requires immediate attention.
10.She always keeps her desk 　　　　(整洁的) and organised.
【答案】 1.collection　2.poetry　3.items 4.souvenirs　5.settle　6.suits　7.mild
8.construction　9.Climate　10.neat
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.I was grateful to him for his 　　　　(finance) support.
2.The 　　　　 (percent) of girls in engineering has increased greatly.
3.He sat in the middle and talked with us 　　　　(mild).
4.It’s time that you 　　　　 (settle) your differences with your father.
5.Some plants are 　　　　 (poison) and should not be touched.
6.We need to find a 　　　　(suit) candidate for the job.
7.The art museum’s 　　　　(collect) includes works from many famous artists.
8.These building 　　　　 (material) are better than those.
9.We have many 　　　　 (item) to discuss in our meeting today.
10.Little Tom felt the bag,curious to know what it 　　　　 (contain).
【答案】 1.financial　2.percentage　3.mildly 4.settled　5.poisonous　6.suitable
7.collection　8.materials　9.items　10.containing
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The festival 　　　　　　　　　　(适合) people of all ages and backgrounds.
2.After the long holiday,it’s time to 　　　　　　　　　　　　(静下心来做我的作业).
3.We need to get kids out of the school buildings,giving them a chance to learn about the world 　　　　　　　　　　　　(亲自).
4.I made many friends in the university,　　　　　　　　　　(他们中的许多人) were from different cultural backgrounds.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(使这本书如此受欢迎的是) its interesting plot and vivid characters.
【答案】 1.is suitable for　2.settle down to doing my homework　3.at first hand
4.many of whom　5.What makes the book so popular is
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　When talking about culture,you might forget all about humour.However,humour is a necessary part of any culture.Do we laugh about the same things in English and German Not really.Each language comes with its own particular kind of humour.
British humour uses unreasonable and dark humour.It’s a complex and novel kind of humour that’s not always understood abroad.To cover their tracks,the British are good at “deadpanning”.This attitude uses humour while remaining serious to spread doubt about your intentions.For centuries,the British have also used slapstick (闹剧),a highly visual form of humour that doesn’t need any translation.Charlie Chaplin,Benny Hill and Rowan Atkinson,
who have all been successful internationally,are the representatives of this tradition.
Do Germans have a sense of humour That might seem like a tough question.But this is a common view connected with Germans that they don’t have a sense of humour at all.That’s not true,of course.The Germans have their own way of making people laugh.What Germans are good at is in the mastery of anti-humour.This kind of humour relies on a purposely unfunny punchline (妙语) to fool the audience and,indirectly,make them laugh.
We don’t necessarily laugh about the same things in the United States and the United Kingdom,even if we speak the same language.In the 1990s,a famous American clown was often seen on French television.His kind of humour,considered vulgar or even aggressive by some,is nothing like the more polite British humour.
With the development of globalisation and the spread of comedy works around the world,we’re witnessing a certain homogenisation of humour.However,if humour becomes more uniform,humorous and cultural differences will tend to disappear.So yes,humour can be universal,but the differences and diversity of humour in different cultures should be preserved.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章探讨了不同文化中的幽默差异。
(　　)1.What do the British do when “deadpanning”
[A]They try to make their tracks obvious.
[B]They often play jokes on the Germans.
[C]They talk about their culture and music.
[D]They pretend to be serious about aims.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To cover their tracks...about your intentions.”可知,英国人在“冷面幽默”时会假装严肃。故选D。
(　　)2.What do the British and German humour have in common
[A]Their forms of expression are serious.
[B]They are not understood internationally.
[C]They both adopt their own unique forms.
[D]They both use direct forms of expression.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“British humour uses unreasonable...that doesn’t need any translation.”和第三段中的“The Germans have their own way...make them laugh.”可知,英国幽默以“冷面幽默”和“闹剧”为特点,而德国幽默则以“反幽默”为特点。两者都采用了各自独特的幽默形式。故选C。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “vulgar” mean in Paragraph 4
[A]Uncertain.
[B]Negative.
[C]Rude.
[D]Frank.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词下文的“or even aggressive”和“nothing like the more polite British humour”可知,vulgar与下文的polite意义相反,所以其意义为“粗俗的”,与rude意义相近。故选C。
(　　)4.What is the ideal situation of humour in the future
[A]Humour will separate from culture.
[B]Humour will become more and more similar.
[C]Humour will reserve its differences during globalization.
[D]The globalization of humour will be unstoppable.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段中的内容“However,if humour becomes more uniform...should be preserved.”可知,未来理想的状况是幽默在全球化过程中保留其差异性。故选C。(共84张PPT)
Part 2
Listening and Talking — Video Time
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　n.材料;布料;素材
adj.物质的;实际的
2. n.衣服;服装
3. n.项目;一件商品(或物品);
一条(新闻)
4. vt.包含;含有;容纳
写作词汇
material
clothing
item
contain
1.accessory　　　　 　n.
2.souvenir n.
3.climate n.
4.tai chi(also t’ai chi)
5.herbal adj.
阅读词汇
配饰;附件;配件
纪念物;纪念品
气候
太极拳
药草的;香草的
拓展词汇
1. n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collect vt.采集;收集;收藏→collective adj.集体的;共同的
2. n.百分率;百分比→percent n.百分之……
3. adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的→mildly adv.温和地,和善地;轻微地→
mildness n.温和;温暖
collection
percentage
mild
4. vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)→settlement n.(解决争端的)协议;和解;定居点→settler n.移居者;殖民者
5. n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建造;修建;组成
6. vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装→suitable adj.适宜的;合适的→suitably adv.适宜地
7. adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的→neatly adv.整齐地;简单而聪明地
settle
construction
suit
neat
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.settle in　　　　　　　　 　
2.turn into
3.take care to do sth
4.to name but a few
5.spend time (in) doing sth
在……定居
转变成
注意做某事
仅举几例
花费时间做某事
6.a range of
7.varieties of
8.suit everyone’s taste
9.(at) first hand
10.be located in/on
11.be divided up into
12.tourist draw
一系列
各种各样的
适合每个人的口味
第一手;亲自
位于;坐落于
被分成
旅游景点
重点句型
1. then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.(what引导主语从句)
早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方,后来变成了中华文化的中心。
2.The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,
.(“代词+of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
如今中国城的绝大多数居民依旧是华人,他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants
many of
whom do not speak English fluently
3.Traditionally,visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate,
.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
传统上,游客从具有传奇色彩的龙门走入中国城,龙门的建筑材料是由中国捐赠的。
4.There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste,
.(with复合结构)
这里有来自中国各地的传统菜肴,各种口味,应有尽有。
which was built using materials donated from China
with traditional dishes from
all over China
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——介绍一个有显著文化特征的地方。
2.语篇类型:旅游宣传简介。
3.课文内容分析:
本文描写了圣弗朗西斯科中国城最具代表性的内容,包括那里的居民构成、语言、建筑、商品、饮食风味、人们的活动,展现了它作为中国文化展示中心的独特魅力。阅读本文,有利于让学生意识到中国文化与美国多元文化的关系,它是美国多元文化的重要组成部分。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
Climate
WELCOME TO CHINATOWN!
residents
language
attractions
Chinese herbal medicine
diverse
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.Which of the following is TRUE about the Chinatown in San Francisco
[A]It is the oldest Chinatown in the USA.
[B]It is bigger than the Golden Gate Bridge.
[C]It has a history of more than 200 years.
[D]Many of its residents can speak English well.
A
(　　)2.What makes Chinatown a popular destination for tourists
[A]It enjoys a mild climate throughout the year.
[B]It has numerous historical landmarks.
[C]Tourists can learn English there.
[D]It is a centre for Chinese culture.
D
(　　)3.What was the impact of the 1906 earthquake
[A]It destroyed most of Chinatown’s buildings.
[B]It improved living conditions in Chinatown.
[C]It led to the development of Chinese-style architecture.
[D]It attracted more tourists to Chinatown.
A
(　　)4.What does the author want to tell us in the last two paragraphs
[A]The food in Chinatown is very expensive.
[B]Chinatowns are not important in the USA.
[C]People can experience traditional Chinese culture in Chinatowns.
[D]There are many Chinatowns in the USA.
C
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷);(使)平静下来
·settlement n.(解决争端的)协议;和解;定居点
·settler n.移居者;殖民者
[教材原句] Historically,Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.
历史上,在修筑铁路和淘金热时期,来自中国的移民定居于此。
例(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)It’s been an honour to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home.
我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。
例With so much noise around,I couldn’t settle down to my work.
周围有那么多噪声,我无法静下心来工作。
settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事;定下心来做某事
例I really must settle down to doing some serious work.
我真的必须定下心来做些正经事了。
settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事;定下心来做某事
归纳拓展
·settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事;定下心来做某事
settle down 定居;(使)安定下来;(使)平静下来;舒服地坐下
(或躺下)
settle in/into 安顿下来;适应;习惯于(新事物)
·reach/arrive at a settlement 达成协议
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Having settled 　　 　 a beautiful village,the retired professor settled down to　　 　 　(conduct) his research.
With a peace 　　　 　(settle) reached before midnight,all the participants headed to their homes with belief.
in/into
conducting
settlement
(应用文写作之建议信)听说你有一系列的麻烦需要处理,我觉得你首先应该定下心来思考应对策略。
Hearing that you have 　　　　　　　 　　　,I think you should first
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the coping strategies.
(读后续写之动作描写)他们冲下车,搭起帐篷,舒适地坐在草地上,欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。
They dashed out of the car,put up the tent and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,
enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
a series of troubles to settle
settle down to thinking about
settled down on the grass
·suitable adj.适宜的;合适的
·suitably adv.适宜地
[教材原句] There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste,with traditional dishes from all over China.
这里有来自中国各地的传统菜肴,各种口味,应有尽有。
2.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装
例As the saying goes,it is difficult to suit all tastes.
常言道,众口难调。
例The suit she chose was suitable for the occasion and suited her needs,
making her feel confident.
她选择的西装适合这个场合且符合她的需要,让她感到自信。
be suitable for 适合于……
归纳拓展
·suit sb 合某人心意;适合某人
suit one’s needs满足某人的需要
suit...to...使……适合……
·a suit of 一套……
·be suitable for 适合于……
be suitable to do sth适合做某事
[词语辨析]
suit 可表示“合乎要求、口味等”,多指“(衣服等的)颜色、款式、花样等适合”
fit 多指“衣服等的尺码(大小)合身(合适)”
match “使相称;使匹配”,指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面相匹配
[语境运用] 选词填空(suit/fit/match)/一句多译
I want to take this jacket because it 　　　 me well and 　　 　　 my trousers,though the style doesn’t 　　　　 me.
(应用文写作之申请信)我确信这份志愿工作适合我,因为我精通英语。
→I do believe 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 because I have a good knowledge of English.(suitable)
→I do believe 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because I have a good knowledge of English.(suit)
fits
matches
suit
this voluntary job is suitable for me
this voluntary job suits me
·container n.容器;集装箱;货柜
[教材原句] Does the city/town introduction contain all the important information
城市/乡镇介绍包含所有重要的信息吗
3.contain vt.包含;含有;容纳;控制;克制;防止……蔓延(或恶化)
例The hall can contain up to 500 people when it’s fully occupied.
这个大厅满员时可容纳多达 500 人。
例He looked at me for a moment,and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had.
他看了我一会儿,然后写了一句话,其中包含了我所得到的最好的建议。
例Desperate and helpless,Mary couldn’t contain her tears of regret.
既绝望又无助,玛丽无法控制自己悔恨的泪水。
例Hearing the news,I couldn’t contain my excitement.
听到这个消息,我无法抑制我激动的心情。
contain one’s excitement 抑制某人激动的心情
归纳拓展
contain oneself 克制自己
contain one’s excitement 抑制某人激动的心情
①contain 表示“包含;含有;容纳”时,是一个表示状态的动词,不用于进行时态和被动语态。
②动词contain和include都表示“包含”,但含义不同。contain 侧重于整体里有什么,指在某一范围或整体内容纳某物。include 侧重于被包含,只是整体的一部分。including为介词,放在被包含的事物之前;included为形容词,放在被修饰的名词之后。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 一句多译/完成句子
我们班有50名学生,包含26名男生和24名女生。
→There are 50 students in our class, 　 .
(contain)
→There are 50 students in our class, 　 .
(including)
→There are 50 students in our class, 　 .
(included)
containing 26 boys and 24 girls
including 26 boys and 24 girls
26 boys and 24 girls included
(应用文写作之告知信)我校体育场大得足以容纳 3 000人,在体育场能举办各种体育赛事。
Our school stadium is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,where a wide variety of sports events can be held.
(读后续写之心理描写)小女孩努力克制自己的害怕,小心翼翼地往前走。
The little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and walked forwards carefully.
large enough to contain 3,000 people
tried to contain her fear
重点句式
what引导名词性从句
▲
[教材原句] What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方,后来变成了中华文化的中心。
例(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.
我们发现,只从外观来判断你吃的东西(是否好吃)是不明智的。
例What we should focus on/concentrate on is what we should do for ocean protection instead of shouting slogans.
我们应该关注的是我们能为海洋保护做什么而不是仅仅喊口号。
例What we learn from this experience will help us make better decisions in the future.
我们从这次经历中学到的东西将帮助我们在未来做出更好的决策。
[归纳拓展]
that是从属连词,引导名词性从句时只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分,也无任何意义。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 完成句子/完成语段
老师在课堂上说的话给学生们留下了深刻的印象。
　　　　　　　　 　　 in class left a deep impression on the students.
众所周知,任何违反规则的人都应该受到惩罚。
　　　　　　　　　 is that anyone who breaks the rules should be punished.
我最喜欢这份工作的地方是它为我提供了向外国友人介绍中华传统文化的机会。
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　is that it offers me the opportunity to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.
What the teacher said
What is known to us
What I like most about the job
(读后续写之情节描写)我们既沮丧又担心,不知道什么可以使我们抑郁的爱犬高兴起来。似乎过了一个世纪的时间,我们终于想出了一个好主意——买一只小狗和它作伴。有了一个新的玩伴,我们的狗不再是过去的样子了。我们的脸上露出了欣慰的笑容。
Upset and concerned,we didn’t know 　　　　　　　　　 　 our gloomy beloved pet dog.After 　　　　　　　　　　 　　,a good idea occurred to us—buying it a puppy.Having a new playmate,our dog wasn’t
　　　 　.A relieved smile spread across our faces.
what could cheer up
what seemed like a century
what it used
to be
“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”结构
▲
[教材原句] The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,
many of whom do not speak English fluently.
如今中国城的绝大多数居民依旧是华人,他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
例He mentioned a person,the name of whom I’ve forgotten.
他提到了一个人,人名我忘记了。
例He bought several paintings at the auction,three of which were painted by famous artists.
他在拍卖会上买了几幅画,其中三幅是著名艺术家的作品。
例The team consists of 15 members,all of whom have rich experience in the field.
这个团队由15名成员组成,他们都在该领域拥有丰富的经验。
归纳拓展
·“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”结构常见的有“some/several/
many/most/each/all/the largest...+of which/whom”等形式,表示部分、整体、数量等概念。
·该结构在定语从句中一般作主语,先行词指人时用whom引导定语从句;先行词指物时用which引导定语从句。of表示所属关系或部分与整体的关系。
·除“名词/代词/数词+of which/whom”的顺序外,有时也可以将“of which/whom”放在名词/代词/数词的前面。
[语境运用] 句型转换/完成句子
Our class also has advantages of its own,the most obvious one of which is the students’ enthusiasm for learning.
→Our class also has advantages of its own,of which 　　　　　 　　　　 is the students’ enthusiasm for learning.
(应用文写作之推荐信)杭州有众多名胜古迹,其中最出名的是西湖。
There are many places of interest in Hangzhou,
　　　　　　　　.
the most obvious one
the most famous of which
is the West Lake
(话题写作之活动报道)社区在这个暑假为孩子们组织了很多有趣的活动,其中每项活动都很受孩子们欢迎。
The community organises many interesting activities for the children this summer vacation,　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　.
(应用文写作之求助信)我们目前正面临诸多问题,其中三个尤为严重,因此我写信来寻求您的帮助。
We are now facing a lot of problems,　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
Therefore,I am writing to seek your help.
each of which is popular among children
three of which are very serious
写作微专题3
Write an introduction to your city or town
文本解读
1.文体类型:介绍城市或乡镇,属于说明文范畴,常用于介绍一个地方,包括其居民、语言、特色小吃、景点等。
2.要点内容:
(1)第一段概述圣弗朗西斯科中国城的特点;
(2)第二至第五段介绍圣弗朗西斯科中国城的起源,居民的构成,当地的主要语言,中国城的历史、重建,中国城的店铺类型及特色产品,中国城的特色饮食等;
(3)尾段重申中国城存在的价值。
[思路指引]
实用表达
1.介绍城市/乡镇首段常用句式。
It is a city with a long history...
It makes...one of the most popular cities to visit.
...is home to... ethnic groups.
Located in ...
... is a big city with a population of...
2.介绍城市/乡镇中段常用句式。
Now,I’ll tell you something about the greatest places of interest in our town.
I’m more than glad to tell you something about the history of our city.
Yet,in spite of this,you can still find some of the city’s grand past.
Something special of the city is ...
Now,let me introduce some of the must-visit attractions in our city.
3.介绍城市/乡镇尾段常用句式。
I’m looking forward to your coming to our city one day.
They allow visitors...to experience...first hand.
In a word,... is worth paying a visit to.
All in all,... is truly a destination that deserves your visit.
佳作建构
假设你是李华,是学校英语俱乐部的负责人,你将带领到你校的外国访学团游览广州。请你用英语写一篇导游词来简单介绍广州。内容包括:
1.地处中国南部,是中国的重点城市之一;
2.占地面积约7 434平方千米;
3.是古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口;
4.著名旅游景点有广州塔、珠江等。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　 　　　　　　 位于;坐落于
2.　　　　　 　　 占地面积……
3.　　　　 　　　 担任/充当
4.　　　　　 　　 而且
5.　　　　　 　　 旅游景点
6.　　　　　 　　 大量的
be located/situated in/on/at
cover an area of
serve as
what’s more
tourist draw
a great many
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.广州地处中国南部,是中国最重要的城市之一。
Guangzhou,one of the most important cities of China,
　　　　　　 　　　.
2.广州占地面积约7 434平方千米。
Guangzhou 　　　　　　　　　 about 7,434 square kilometres.
3.广州是一个历史文化名城。
Guangzhou is a famous 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
is located in the
south of China
covers an area of
historical and cultural city
4.它是古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口。
It 　　　　　　 an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
5.而且,广州有许多旅游景点,如广州塔、珠江等。
What’s more,there are many 　　　　 in Guangzhou,such as Canton Tower,the Pearl River,etc.
6.它们吸引了来自世界各地的大量游客。
They attract 　　　　　　　　　 tourists from all over the world.
served as
tourist draws
a great many
亮点提升
1.将第1句和第2句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Guangzhou,one of the most important cities of China,is located in the south of China,covering an area of about 7,434 square kilometres.
2.将第3句和第4句用“not only...but also...”结构进行改写升级。
Not only is Guangzhou a famous historical and cultural city,but it also served as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
3.将第5句和第6句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
What’s more,there are many tourist draws in Guangzhou,such as Canton Tower,the Pearl River,etc.,which attract a great many tourists from all over the world.
范文展示
Dear friends,
Welcome to Guangzhou!I’m more than glad to tell you something about this city.
Guangzhou,one of the most important cities of China,is located in the south of China,covering an area of about 7,434 square kilometres.Not only is Guangzhou a famous historical and cultural city,but it also served as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.What’s more,there are many tourist draws in Guangzhou,such as Canton Tower,the Pearl River,etc.,which attract a great many tourists from all over the world.
Wish you to have a good time!
写作练习
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Eric明年暑假将来中国旅游,请你用英语写一篇短文向他推荐一座旅游城市。内容包括:
1.简要介绍推荐的城市;
2.推荐这座城市的理由;
3.期待他的到来。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
写作指导
　　One possible version:
Dear Eric,
How is everything I’m more than pleased to know you are going to visit China during your next summer holiday.I sincerely hope that you can pay a visit to my hometown Hangzhou first.
Hangzhou,located in the east of China,is one of the most charming cities in the country.With a rich history and culture,Hangzhou is not only a famous historical and cultural city but also serves as the political and economic centre of Zhejiang Province.The city is known for its stunning West Lake and Lingyin Temple,both of which are popular tourist attractions,drawing visitors from all over the world.
I’m looking forward to your coming to my hometown.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 fortune n.机会;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→
fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地　mild adj.温和的;和善的　super adj.顶好的;超级的 adv.特别;格外
动作描写 admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)　occur v.发生;出现　select vt.选自;挑选　earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得　claim vt.& vi.宣称;断言　settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论)　contain vt.包含;含有　head to (朝……)前进　bring about 导致;引起
环境 (景物) 描写 diverse adj.多种多样的→diversity n.差异(性);多样性　ethnic adj.具有民族特色的　downtown adv.在市中心　historical adj.(有关)历史的　climate n.气候
读后续写 微技能之“线” There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills,offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.(环境描写) I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours. (动作描写) I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.(情感描写) What great food!(心理描写)
读后续写 微技能之“面” 读后续写——去往一个充满多样性的城市
幸运的是,我得到了一个绝佳的机会去参观一个充满多样性的城市。当我前往市中心时,具有民族特色和历史感的建筑吸引了我。这里气候温和,非常适合散步。我选了一条小巷开始探索。突然,我听到了美妙的音乐。我循着声音找去,发现了一场街头表演。表演者们才华横溢,我不禁承认能偶然遇到这场表演我很幸运。总之,整个场景带来了一种喜悦和兴奋的感觉。
Fortunately,I got 1.　　　　　　　 　　 to visit a city 2.　　　　　　　　　.
As I headed downtown,I was attracted by the 3.　　　　　 　　　　 　　　.
The climate here is mild,making it a perfect day for a walk.I selected a small alley and started to explore.Suddenly,I heard some wonderful music.I followed the sound and found a street performance.The performers were so talented that I couldn’t help but 4.　　　　　 I was lucky to encounter this by chance.
In a word,the whole scene 5.　　　　　　　　 a sense of joy and excitement.
a super opportunity
full of diversity
ethnic and historical buildings
admit that
brought about
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.diverse adj.不同的;多种多样的→ n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性
2.fortune n.机会;运气→ adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→
n.厄运;不幸;不幸事件→ adj.不幸的→
adv.不幸地
3.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);接纳→ n.承认;准许进入;入场费
diversity
fortunate
fortunately
misfortune
unfortunate
unfortunately
admission
4.definitely adv.肯定;确实→ adj.清楚的;肯定的→ n.定义;解释→ adj.模糊不清的;不明确的
5.occur vi.发生;出现→ n.发生;出现;发生的事情
6.historical adj.(有关)历史的→ n.历史;发展史→ adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的
7.earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得→ n.[pl.]收益;收入;工资
8.immigrant n.(外来)移民;外侨→ vi.(从外地)移居,移民→
n.移民(入境);移民人数
definite
definition
indefinite
occurrence
history
historic
earnings
immigrate
immigration
9.select vt.选择;挑选;选拔→ n.选择;挑选;选拔→
adj.选择性的;有选择的
10.minority n.少数民族;少数派;少数人→ adj.较小的;次要的
11.financial adj.财政的;财务的;金融的→ n.财政;金融;资金→
adv.财政上;金融上
12.poetry n.诗集;诗歌;诗作→ n.诗→ n.诗人
13.poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的→ n.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害
selection
selective
minor
finance
financially
poem
poet
poison
14.collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→ vt.采集;收集;收藏→
adj.集体的;共同的
15.percentage n.百分率;百分比→ n.百分之……
16.mild adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的→ adv.温和地,和善地;轻微地→
n.温和;温暖
17.settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)→ n.(解决争端的)协议;和解;定居点→ n.移居者;殖民者
collect
collective
percent
mildly
mildness
settlement
settler
18.construction n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构→
vt.建造;修建;组成
19.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装→ adj.适宜的;合适的→ adv.适宜地
20.neat adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的→ adv.整齐地;简单而聪明地
construct
suitable
suitably
neatly
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　　　　　 在……上方
2. (朝……)前进;(向……)去
3. 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
4. 谋生
5. 导致;引起
6. 一系列或一连串(事件)
7. 除了……外(还);此外
on top of...
head to
seek one’s fortune
earn a living
bring about
series of
apart from
8. ……的发源地;是……的家园
9. 在……定居
10. 转变成
11. 注意做某事
12. 仅举几例
13. 花费时间做某事
14. 一系列
15. 第一手;亲自
16. 位于;坐落于
be home to
settle in
turn into
take care to do sth
to name but a few
spend time (in) doing sth
a range of
(at) first hand
be located in/on
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.it作形式主语
I have to admit that
(再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了).
句式仿写
I have to say that (实在是太令人兴奋了) to participate in this music festival again.
it definitely feels good to be back in the city again
it’s definitely exciting
2.独立主格结构
There are so many beautiful old buildings—
(不少坐落于大山之巅),offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
句式仿写
I looked at my father nervously,
(双腿颤抖、心脏狂跳).
many sitting on top of big hills
my legs shaking and my heart beating wildly
3.which引导非限制性定语从句
In the same year,gold was discovered near San Francisco,
(引发了淘金热).
句式仿写
In the same year,this exhibition displayed the works of a master,
(引发了艺术界的高度关注).
which started a
gold rush
which
attracted high attention from the art world
4.what引导主语从句
(早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方) then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
句式仿写
(最让我印象深刻的是) the good time we spent together.
What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants
What impressed me most was
5.“代词+of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句
The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,
(他们中很多人英语说得并不流利).
句式仿写
I have a lot of friends,
(其中几个擅长打篮球).
many of
whom do not speak English fluently
several of whom are good at playing basketballUNIT 3　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The boy was seen 　　　　(play) football on the playground just now.
2.If 　　　　(give) more time,we will be able to do the work better.
3.What makes us anxious is that the city now is much noisier than it used to 　　　　.
4.You should keep quiet,unless 　　　　(tell) to speak.
5.You can’t imagine what trouble we had 　　　　(find) the lost key in the dark.
6.Are you too tired for outdoor activities If you think 　　　　,the park nearby is sure to change your mind.
7.While 　　　　(walk) along the street,I heard my name called.
8.If 　　　　(burn) severely,he should be given some first aid immediately.
9.Her duty is to look after the children and 　　　　(help) them with their homework.
10.You had better get up early tomorrow.If 　　　　,you will miss the school bus.
【答案】 1.playing　2.given　3.be　4.told 5.finding　6.so　7.walking　8.burnt
9.help　10.not
Ⅱ.改写句子(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.
→The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood at the gate 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.Do you come up with good ideas If it is so,we would love to hear from you.
→Do you come up with good ideas 　　　　　,we would love to hear from you.
4.The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife.
→The boy used to play with the knife 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework.
→Jack must have been playing football and Mary 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 1.as in Guangzhou　2.as if waiting for someone　3.If so
4.though his father told him not to　5.doing her homework
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Chinese is one of the world’s most widely spoken languages.As one of the six official languages used by the United Nations,Chinese now has gained itself greater status in the world.Chinese is interesting and special.Unlike most other languages,Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms.The official language of China is Putonghua.
Putonghua is a statement in China.It is the standard Chinese spoken language.Putonghua is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China.Putonghua is taught in schools throughout the country.The media,officials,and the government use Putonghua as their main language.When you type in Chinese,you use a phonetic system,called pinyin,which matches the Putonghua pronunciation.Putonghua is used as a mother tongue by most people who are about one fifth of the world’s population.Chinese once had very great influence on some neighbouring countries with their languages and characters,such as Japanese,Korean,Vietnamese and so on.In addition to China,Putonghua is an official language in several other countries in Asia.
Nowadays,with the development of China,Chinese people not only speak Chinese,but also learn other languages,such as English.English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.Many Chinese people can speak basic English,especially students,and staff of service trades like hotels,restaurants,airlines,banks and post offices.In large cities,there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.The language communication now is not a problem at all for those who wish to come to China.
Now Chinese is becoming more and more popular.As long as you know Chinese,you’ll also be fine anywhere in China.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语如今的社会地位、影响以及英语在中国的现状等。
(　　)1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1
[A]Chinese has one written and spoken form.
[B]The official language of China is Beijing dialect.
[C]Chinese plays an important role in the world.
[D]Chinese is used as one of the five official languages.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的前两句可知,汉语在世界上扮演着重要的角色。
故选C。
(　　)2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
[A]The wrong opinions in Putonghua.
[B]The status and influence of Putonghua.
[C]The advantages of Putonghua.
[D]The results of learning Putonghua.
【答案】 B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第二段的前两句可知,普通话在中国是标准的汉语口语。由本段最后两句可知,汉语曾经对一些邻国的语言和文字产生了很大的影响,如日语、韩语、越南语等。除了中国,普通话也是亚洲其他几个国家的官方语言。由此可知,第二段主要介绍了普通话的地位和影响。故选B。
(　　)3.Why does the author mention English
[A]To show the changes in English.
[B]To advise people to travel in England.
[C]To introduce the present situation of English in China.
[D]To call on people in China to learn English.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知,作者提到英语是为了介绍英语在中国的现状。故选C。
(　　)4.What will probably be written in the following paragraph
[A]More and more foreigners will learn Chinese.
[B]English will be influenced by Chinese.
[C]The difficulties of learning Chinese.
[D]The history of Chinese.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知,在下一段中可能会写将会有越来越多的外国人学习汉语。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　Crosstalk,xiangsheng in Chinese,is a 1.　　　　(tradition) Chinese comedic performing art and one of China’s most popular cultural forms.It’s 2.　　 　(general) believed that crosstalk developed sometime in the Qing Dynasty.After the People’s Republic of China
3.　　　(found) in 1949,this art became increasingly popular.Today,it is 4.　　　 important part in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala and other countless shows in China.
There are four 5.　　　　(skill) in crosstalk:talking,imitating,teasing and singing.Most of the time,6.　　　　 is performed by two actors —one serves as the leading actor while the other plays a supporting role.However,sometimes it is performed as a monologue(独白),
7.　　　　 is completed by one person mainly telling jokes,and at other times it is performed by more than two actors,8.　　　　(call) group performance.Crosstalk is humorous and its language is lively and rich 9.　　　　 puns (双关语).
Jump into a taxi in Beijing,and chances are that your driver will be listening to a radio broadcast of a crosstalk show.These days,more and more foreigners are becoming interested in 10.　　　　 (study) the art of crosstalk.Crosstalk is a huge part of Chinese culture and it appears as if it’s getting even bigger.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了相声这一中国传统艺术的起源、发展及其表现形式。
1.【答案】 traditional
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处应用形容词,修饰后面的名词词组Chinese comedic performing art。故填traditional。
2.【答案】 generally
【解析】 考查副词。“It’s generally believed that...”是固定句型,意为“人们通常认为……”。故填generally。
3.【答案】 was founded
【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the People’s Republic of China和found之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且发生在过去,应用一般过去时,主语为单数。故填was founded。
4.【答案】 an
【解析】 考查冠词。part是可数名词,设空处应用不定冠词表泛指,important以元音音素开头。故填an。
5.【答案】 skills
【解析】 考查名词。根据four可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。故填skills。
6.【答案】 it
【解析】 考查代词。分析句子可知,设空处指代crosstalk。故填it。
7.【答案】 which
【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,修饰先行词a monologue(独白),指物,应用关系代词which。故填which。
8.【答案】 called
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。call和主语it构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。
故填called。
9.【答案】 in
【解析】 考查介词。“be rich in...”是固定搭配,意为“富有……”。故填in。
10.【答案】 studying
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。介词in后要用动词-ing形式。故填studying。(共17张PPT)
UNIT 3　课时作业(三)
(分值:45 分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The museum has a large 　　 　　 (收藏品) of cultural artifacts from around the world.
2.Children should be brought into contact with 　　　 　(诗歌) at an early age.
3.Those 　　　 　(商品) on display are very popular among local people because of their unique designs.
collection
poetry
items
4.She brought back some 　　　 　 (纪念品) from her trip to different countries.
5.After years of travelling around,they decided to 　　 　(定居) in a coastal city with beautiful scenery.
6.If you want to go by bus,that 　　　　 (适合) me fine.
7.The climate in this region is always 　 　(温和的),which is really pleasant for outdoor activities.
souvenirs
settle
suits
mild
8.The 　　 　　 (建造) of the new cultural centre is expected to be finished next year.
9.　　　 　(气候) change is an urgent global issue that requires immediate attention.
10.She always keeps her desk 　　　　(整洁的) and organised.
construction
Climate
neat
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.I was grateful to him for his 　　 　　(finance) support.
2.The 　　 　　 (percent) of girls in engineering has increased greatly.
3.He sat in the middle and talked with us 　　　　(mild).
4.It’s time that you 　　　 　 (settle) your differences with your father.
5.Some plants are 　　 　　 (poison) and should not be touched.
financial
percentage
mildly
settled
poisonous
6.We need to find a 　 　　　(suit) candidate for the job.
7.The art museum’s 　　 　　(collect) includes works from many famous artists.
8.These building 　　　 　 (material) are better than those.
9.We have many 　　　　 (item) to discuss in our meeting today.
10.Little Tom felt the bag,curious to know what it 　　 　　 (contain).
suitable
collection
materials
items
containing
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The festival 　　　　　　　　(适合) people of all ages and backgrounds.
2.After the long holiday,it’s time to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(静下心来做我的作业).
is suitable for
settle down to doing my homework
3.We need to get kids out of the school buildings,giving them a chance to learn about the world 　　　　　　　(亲自).
4.I made many friends in the university,　　　　　　 　(他们中的许多人) were from different cultural backgrounds.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(使这本书如此受欢迎的是) its interesting plot and vivid characters.
at first hand
many of whom
What makes the book so popular is
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　When talking about culture,you might forget all about humour.However,
humour is a necessary part of any culture.Do we laugh about the same things in English and German Not really.Each language comes with its own particular kind of humour.
British humour uses unreasonable and dark humour.It’s a complex and novel kind of humour that’s not always understood abroad.To cover their tracks,the British are good at “deadpanning”.This attitude uses humour while remaining serious to spread doubt about your intentions.For centuries,
the British have also used slapstick (闹剧),a highly visual form of humour that doesn’t need any translation.Charlie Chaplin,Benny Hill and Rowan Atkinson,who have all been successful internationally,are the representatives of this tradition.
Do Germans have a sense of humour That might seem like a tough question.But this is a common view connected with Germans that they don’t have a sense of humour at all.That’s not true,of course.The Germans have their own way of making people laugh.What Germans are good at is in the mastery of anti-humour.This kind of humour relies on a purposely unfunny punchline (妙语) to fool the audience and,indirectly,make them laugh.
We don’t necessarily laugh about the same things in the United States and the United Kingdom,even if we speak the same language.In the 1990s,a famous American clown was often seen on French television.His kind of humour,considered vulgar or even aggressive by some,is nothing like the more polite British humour.
With the development of globalisation and the spread of comedy works around the world,we’re witnessing a certain homogenisation of humour.
However,if humour becomes more uniform,humorous and cultural differences will tend to disappear.So yes,humour can be universal,but the differences and diversity of humour in different cultures should be preserved.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章探讨了不同文化中的幽默差异。
(　　)1.What do the British do when “deadpanning”
[A]They try to make their tracks obvious.
[B]They often play jokes on the Germans.
[C]They talk about their culture and music.
[D]They pretend to be serious about aims.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To cover their tracks...about your intentions.”可知,英国人在“冷面幽默”时会假装严肃。故选D。
(　　)2.What do the British and German humour have in common
[A]Their forms of expression are serious.
[B]They are not understood internationally.
[C]They both adopt their own unique forms.
[D]They both use direct forms of expression.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“British humour uses unreasonable...
that doesn’t need any translation.”和第三段中的“The Germans have their own way...make them laugh.”可知,英国幽默以“冷面幽默”和“闹剧”为特点,而德国幽默则以“反幽默”为特点。两者都采用了各自独特的幽默形式。故选C。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “vulgar” mean in Paragraph 4
[A]Uncertain.
[B]Negative.
[C]Rude.
[D]Frank.
C
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词下文的“or even aggressive”和“nothing like the more polite British humour”可知,vulgar与下文的polite意义相反,所以其意义为“粗俗的”,与rude意义相近。故选C。
(　　)4.What is the ideal situation of humour in the future
[A]Humour will separate from culture.
[B]Humour will become more and more similar.
[C]Humour will reserve its differences during globalization.
[D]The globalization of humour will be unstoppable.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段中的内容“However,if humour becomes more uniform...should be preserved.”可知,未来理想的状况是幽默在全球化过程中保留其差异性。故选C。(共22张PPT)
UNIT 3　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The boy was seen 　　　 　(play) football on the playground just now.
2.If 　　　　(give) more time,we will be able to do the work better.
3.What makes us anxious is that the city now is much noisier than it used to
　　　　.
4.You should keep quiet,unless 　　　　(tell) to speak.
5.You can’t imagine what trouble we had 　　　 　(find) the lost key in the dark.
playing
given
be
told
finding
6.Are you too tired for outdoor activities If you think 　　,the park nearby is sure to change your mind.
7.While 　　　 　(walk) along the street,I heard my name called.
8.If 　　　　(burn) severely,he should be given some first aid immediately.
9.Her duty is to look after the children and 　　 　(help) them with their homework.
10.You had better get up early tomorrow.If 　,you will miss the school bus.
so
walking
burnt
help
not
Ⅱ.改写句子(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.
→The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild 　　　　　　　　　　.
2.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood at the gate 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.Do you come up with good ideas If it is so,we would love to hear from you.
→Do you come up with good ideas 　　　,we would love to hear from you.
as in Guangzhou
as if waiting for someone
If so
4.The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife.
→The boy used to play with the knife 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　.
5.Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework.
→Jack must have been playing football and Mary 　　　　　　 　　　　.
though his father told him not to
doing her homework
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Chinese is one of the world’s most widely spoken languages.As one of the six official languages used by the United Nations,Chinese now has gained itself greater status in the world.Chinese is interesting and special.
Unlike most other languages,Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms.The official language of China is Putonghua.
Putonghua is a statement in China.It is the standard Chinese spoken language.
Putonghua is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China.Putonghua is taught in schools throughout the country.The media,officials,and the government use Putonghua as their main language.When you type in Chinese,you use a phonetic system,called pinyin,which matches the Putonghua pronunciation.Putonghua is used as a mother tongue by most people who are about one fifth of the world’s population.Chinese once had very great influence on some neighbouring countries with their languages and characters,such as Japanese,
Korean,Vietnamese and so on.In addition to China,Putonghua is an official language in several other countries in Asia.
Nowadays,with the development of China,Chinese people not only speak Chinese,but also learn other languages,such as English.English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.
Many Chinese people can speak basic English,especially students,and staff of service trades like hotels,restaurants,airlines,banks and post offices.In large cities,there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.The language communication now is not a problem at all for those who wish to come to China.
Now Chinese is becoming more and more popular.As long as you know Chinese,you’ll also be fine anywhere in China.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语如今的社会地位、影响以及英语在中国的现状等。
(　　)1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1
[A]Chinese has one written and spoken form.
[B]The official language of China is Beijing dialect.
[C]Chinese plays an important role in the world.
[D]Chinese is used as one of the five official languages.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的前两句可知,汉语在世界上扮演着重要的角色。故选C。
(　　)2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
[A]The wrong opinions in Putonghua.
[B]The status and influence of Putonghua.
[C]The advantages of Putonghua.
[D]The results of learning Putonghua.
B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第二段的前两句可知,普通话在中国是标准的汉语口语。由本段最后两句可知,汉语曾经对一些邻国的语言和文字产生了很大的影响,如日语、韩语、越南语等。除了中国,普通话也是亚洲其他几个国家的官方语言。由此可知,第二段主要介绍了普通话的地位和影响。故选B。
(　　)3.Why does the author mention English
[A]To show the changes in English.
[B]To advise people to travel in England.
[C]To introduce the present situation of English in China.
[D]To call on people in China to learn English.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知,作者提到英语是为了介绍英语在中国的现状。故选C。
(　　)4.What will probably be written in the following paragraph
[A]More and more foreigners will learn Chinese.
[B]English will be influenced by Chinese.
[C]The difficulties of learning Chinese.
[D]The history of Chinese.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知,在下一段中可能会写将会有越来越多的外国人学习汉语。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　Crosstalk,xiangsheng in Chinese,is a 1.　　 　　(tradition) Chinese comedic performing art and one of China’s most popular cultural forms.
It’s 2.　　　 　(general) believed that crosstalk developed sometime in the Qing Dynasty.After the People’s Republic of China 3.　　 　　(found) in 1949,this art became increasingly popular.Today,it is 4.　　 　 important part in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala and other countless shows in China.
traditional
generally
was founded
an
There are four 5.　　　 　(skill) in crosstalk:talking,imitating,teasing and singing.Most of the time,6.　 　 is performed by two actors —one serves as the leading actor while the other plays a supporting role.However,
sometimes it is performed as a monologue(独白),7.　　　　 is completed by one person mainly telling jokes,and at other times it is performed by more than two actors,8.　　　　(call) group performance.Crosstalk is humorous and its language is lively and rich 9.　　　　 puns (双关语).
skills
it
which
called
in
Jump into a taxi in Beijing,and chances are that your driver will be listening to a radio broadcast of a crosstalk show.These days,more and more foreigners are becoming interested in 10.　　　 　 (study) the art of crosstalk.Crosstalk is a huge part of Chinese culture and it appears as if it’s getting even bigger.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了相声这一中国传统艺术的起源、发展及其表现形式。
studying
1.【答案】 traditional
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处应用形容词,修饰后面的名词词组Chinese comedic performing art。故填traditional。
2.【答案】 generally
【解析】 考查副词。“It’s generally believed that...”是固定句型,意为“人们通常认为……”。故填generally。
3.【答案】 was founded
【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the People’s Republic of China和found之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且发生在过去,应用一般过去时,主语为单数。故填was founded。
4.【答案】 an
【解析】 考查冠词。part是可数名词,设空处应用不定冠词表泛指,important以元音音素开头。故填an。
5.【答案】 skills
【解析】 考查名词。根据four可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。故填skills。
6.【答案】 it
【解析】 考查代词。分析句子可知,设空处指代crosstalk。故填it。
7.【答案】 which
【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,修饰先行词a monologue(独白),指物,应用关系代词which。故填which。
8.【答案】 called
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。call和主语it构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。故填called。
9.【答案】 in
【解析】 考查介词。“be rich in...”是固定搭配,意为“富有……”。故填in。
10.【答案】 studying
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。介词in后要用动词-ing形式。故填studying。(共134张PPT)
UNIT 3
DIVERSE CULTURES
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
　　The beauty of the world comes from the diversity of people,which is mainly reflected in the differences in language,nationality,race,religion,cultural tradition,costume and other aspects,thus leading to the diversity of human society.Different historical backgrounds and national conditions,as well as various groups and customs,have given birth to different civilizations and made up a colourful world.In addition,many immigrants also contribute to this wonderful mix,bringing along their own ethnic traditions,and ideas.Definitely,
these differences help shape a super and fascinating global community.
世界之美源自人类的多样性,这种多样性主要体现在语言、民族、种族、宗教、文化传统、服装和其他方面的差异,从而导致了人类社会的丰富多彩。不同的历史背景和国情,以及各种民族和习俗,孕育了不同的文明,构成了一个五彩斑斓的世界。此外,许多移民也为这个美丽的融合做出了贡献,他们带来了自己种族的传统和思想。毫无疑问,这些差异帮助塑造了一个超凡而迷人的全球社区。
Listening and Speaking — Discovering Useful Structures
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
写作词汇
1. 　 　　adv.在市中心;往市中心
2. n.传教(区);重要任务;使命
3. adv.以后;后来
4. vt.& vi.( , )
寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
downtown
mission
afterwards
seek
sought
sought
5. vt.& n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言
6. n.一系列;连续;接连
7. vi.& vt.逃走;逃脱;避开
n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱
8. vt.包;裹;折叠
vt.& vi.(可)折小;(可)叠平
9. adv.特别;格外
adj.顶好的;超级的
claim
series
escape
fold
super
1.gumbo　　　 　n.
2.nachos n.[pl.]
3.chip n.
4.cheese n.
5.spicy adj.
6.ethnic adj.
阅读词汇
秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)
墨西哥玉米片
(英)炸土豆条;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片
干酪;奶酪
加有香料的;辛辣的
具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的
7.district n.
8.graffiti n.[pl.]
9.comic n.
adj.
10.china n.
11.jazz n.
地区;区域
涂鸦;胡写乱画
连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员
滑稽的;使人发笑的
瓷;瓷器
爵士乐
12.bar n.
13.diagram n.
14.journal n.
15.Atlantic adj.
16.jeans n.
17.boot n.
18.mushroom n.
酒吧;小吃店;小馆子
简图;图解;图表;示意图
日志;日记;报纸;刊物
大西洋的
牛仔裤
靴子
蘑菇;蕈
1. adj.不同的;多种多样的→diversity n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性
2. n.机会;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→
misfortune n.厄运;不幸;不幸事件→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地
3. vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);接纳→admission n.承认;准许进入;入场费
拓展词汇
diverse
fortune
admit
4. adv.肯定;确实→definite adj.清楚的;肯定的→definition n.定义;解释→indefinite adj.模糊不清的;不明确的
5. vi.发生;出现→occurrence n.发生;出现;发生的事情
6. adj.(有关)历史的→history n.历史;发展史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的
7. vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得→earnings n.[pl.]收益;收入;工资
8. n.(外来)移民;外侨→ immigrate vi.(从外地)移居,移民→
immigration n.移民(入境);移民人数
definitely
occur
historical
earn
immigrant
9. vt.选择;挑选;选拔→selection n.选择;挑选;选拔→selective adj.选择性的;有选择的
10. n.少数民族;少数派;少数人→minor adj.较小的;次要的
11. adj.财政的;财务的;金融的→finance n.财政;金融;资金→ financially adv.财政上;金融上
12. n.诗集;诗歌;诗作→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人
13. adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的→poison n.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害
select
minority
financial
poetry
poisonous
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.on top of...　　　 　
2.used to do sth
3.head to
4.seek one’s fortune
5.earn a living
在……上方
过去常常做某事
(朝……)前进;(向……)去
寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
谋生
6.join...to...
7.bring about
8. series of
9. apart from
10. be home to
把……和……连接起来
导致;引起
一系列或一连串(事件)
除了……外(还);此外
……的发源地;是……的家园
1.I have to admit that in the city again.
(it作形式主语)
我不得不承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
重点句型
it definitely feels good to be back
2.There are so many beautiful old buildings— ,
,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
(独立主格结构;现在分词短语作伴随状语)
这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅,城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。
many sitting on top of big hills
offering great views of the city
3.In the same year,gold was discovered near San Francisco,
.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
同年,圣弗朗西斯科附近发现黄金,引发了淘金热。
4.There were so many good cafés and restaurants .
(不定式短语作后置定语)
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
which started a
gold rush
to choose from
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境: 人与社会——了解一个具有多元文化特点的城市。
2.语篇类型:旅行日记。
3.课文内容分析:
在日记中,中国学生Li Lan记录了自己的加利福尼亚州之行,并主要介绍了在圣弗朗西斯科一天的行程和所见所闻——从最初对圣弗朗西斯科的城市建筑产生兴趣到逐渐体会到多元文化对这个城市方方面面的影响。阅读本文,有利于加深学生对文化异同的理解和尊重,形成开放、包容的性格,并鼓励他们积极促进多元文化的和谐发展。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
centre
Mexican-Chinese
mix
museum
Chinatown
served
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What can we infer from the passage about the author
[A]She likes the mix of cultures in San Francisco.
[B]She doesn’t like the food in the Mission District.
[C]She is a native to San Francisco.
[D]She doesn’t know much about California.
A
(　　)2.Why did many people come to San Francisco in 1848
[A]Because there was an art movement.
[B]Because gold was discovered near the city.
[C]Because they wanted to build a new home there.
[D]Because the city was beautiful.
B
(　　)3.What do we know about Chinatown
[A]It is a poor area of the city.
[B]It is a centre for art,music,and food.
[C]Many immigrants worked on farms there.
[D]People can eat different kinds of food there.
D
(　　)4.Where did the author stay in San Francisco
[A]In a hotel in the Richmond District.
[B]In a hotel near downtown.
[C]In a poor area of the city.
[D]In a museum in Chinatown.
B
(　　)5.What is the purpose of the text
[A]To share an interesting experience.
[B]To introduce San Francisco with diverse cultures.
[C]To show the hardships of the immigrants.
[D]To attract readers to visit San Francisco.
B
二次开发·深研课文
▲
　　Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley.It 1.
(definite) feels good to be back in the city again which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that 2.　　 　　(occur) in 1906.There are a wide range of beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills,3.
(offer) great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
definitely
occurred
offering
My hotel is near downtown in the Mission District,one of the 4.
(old) parts of the city.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.An art movement 5.　　　　(call) the “Mission School” started here.It’s influenced by graffiti art and comic art.
oldest
called
In the afternoon,I headed 6.　　 　　 a local museum that showed the 7.　　　 　(history) changes in California.In 1848,gold was discovered near San Francisco,which started a gold rush.A large number of people across
8.　　　　 globe came to seek their fortune.The museum did a good job of showing how America 9.　　　 　(build) by immigrants from different countries and cultures.
This evening,I went to Chinatown,10.　　　 　 I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.That’s enough for today.
to
historical
the
was built
where
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);接纳
·admission n.承认;准许进入;入场费
[教材原句] I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我不得不承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
例(读后续写之动作描写)She felt extremely ashamed and her face turned red.
A few minutes later,she apologised to me and admitted taking/having taken my umbrella.
她感到非常羞愧,脸变得通红。几分钟后,她向我道歉,并承认拿走了我的雨伞。
admit doing/having done sth 承认做过某事
例She admitted her carelessness and promised to be more careful next time.
她承认了自己的粗心大意,并承诺下次会更小心。
例You will not be admitted to the theatre hall after the show has begun.
演出开始后你将不允许进入剧场。
be admitted to/into...被接纳进入……;被录取到……
归纳拓展
·admit doing/having done sth 承认做过某事
admit sb/sth to be/as...承认某人/某物是……
admit (to sb) that...(向某人)承认……
admit...to/into...允许……加入/进入……
be admitted to/into...被接纳进入……;被录取到……
be admitted as...被承认为……;被接纳为……
·gain admission to...获准进入……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted 　　　　 competitors.
He was frustrated that he failed to gain 　　　 　(admit) to the club he had been longing for.
On Sunday I got word that Tom 　　 　　(admit) to hospital for a serious disease.
as
admission
was admitted
(应用文写作之祝贺信)Learning that 　　　　　　　　　　　 (你被录取) your ideal university,I can’t wait to express my congratulations to you.
(读后续写之动作描写)She walked towards Mike with a nervous look on her face.She took a deep breath and then
　　　　　　 　　 　　　(承认打碎了他的眼镜),
her voice full of regret.
you are admitted to/into
admitted breaking/having broken
his glasses或admitted that she had broken his glasses
2.occur vi.发生;出现
·occurrence n.发生;出现;发生的事情
[教材原句] And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
例A serious accident occurred on the highway last night.
昨晚高速公路上发生了一起严重的事故。
例A wonderful writing topic occurred to the writer all at once while he was taking a walk in the park.
这位作家在公园散步时,一个绝妙的写作主题突然出现在他的脑海里。
sth occurs/occurred to sb (想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中;某人突然想起某事
例It occurred to me that I had left my keys at the office when I was about to open the door.
当我正要开门时,我突然想到我把钥匙落在办公室了。
It occurs/occurred to sb that...某人突然想到…… (It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,
且that不能省略)
归纳拓展
sth occurs/occurred to sb (想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中;某人突然想起某事
It occurs/occurred to sb to do sth 某人突然想到做某事
It occurs/occurred to sb that...某人突然想到…… (It作形式
主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,且that不能省略)
①occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred,现在分词为occurring。
②occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作谓语时,主语不能是人。
③表示“某人突然想到……”还有如下结构。
It strikes/struck sb+that从句;
It hits/hit sb+that从句;
sth strikes/struck sb;
sth comes/came to sb;
sb hits/hit on/upon sth
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
A wonderful thought occurred 　　 　 her that she could hold a party for her mother’s birthday.
It occurred to her 　　　 　(send) an email to her friend to share the good news.
What he describes is more a made-up story than a real 　　 　　(occur).
to
to send
occurrence
(读后续写之环境描写)那天晚上一场可怕的暴风雨来袭,狂风怒吼,大雨倾盆而下。
That night 　 ,with the wild wind howling and the rain pouring down.
(应用文写作之道歉信)我突然想到第二天早上要参加一个重要的讲座。很抱歉不能跟你一起去书店了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 I had an important lecture to attend the next morning.I was so sorry for not being able to go to the bookstore with you.
a terrible storm occurred
It occurred to me that
3.seek vt.& vi.寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
[教材原句] Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune,...
世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至,在这里谋出路,……
例(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth.
寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于成长非常重要。
例She sought advice from her friends when choosing a major in college.
她在选择大学专业时向朋友们寻求建议。
例Last week,a group of international students visited our school to seek after our tea drinking culture.
上个星期,一群国际学生为了追寻我们的饮茶文化而参观了我们学校。
seek sth from sb 向某人征求/寻求某物
seek for/after 寻找;追求
归纳拓展
seek for/after 寻找;追求
seek to do sth 试图/设法做某事
seek sth from sb 向某人征求/寻求某物
seek out 挑选出;物色到
seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Scientists are constantly seeking 　　 　solutions to environmental problems.
The farmers sought 　　　 　(harvest) all the crops before the storm.
(读后续写之动作描写)我们朝喊大叫,并敲打玻璃瓶,试图把熊吓跑。
We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles,　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　.
for/after
to harvest
seeking to frighten the bear away
(应用文写作之求助信)了解到您是这方面的专家,我写信向您寻求关于如何与朋友友好相处的建议。
Knowing that you are an expert in the field,I am writing to
　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 on how to get along well with friends.
seek your
advice/seek advice from you
4.fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱;命运
·fortunate adj.幸运的
·unfortunate adj.不幸的
·fortunately adv.幸运地
·unfortunately adv.不幸地
·misfortune n.厄运;不幸;不幸事件
[教材原句] Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune,...
世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至,在这里谋出路,……
例I had the good fortune to be chosen for studying abroad.
我有幸被选中出国学习。
例Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune,Mike left home without saying a word.
迈克决心在赚大钱之前决不回来,于是一句话也没说就离开了家。
have the good fortune to do sth有幸做某事
make a/one’s fortune 发财
例My cousin was fortunate to find a job as soon as she graduated from the university.
我表姐很幸运,大学一毕业就找到了工作。
be fortunate to do/in doing sth 有幸做某事
归纳拓展
make a/one’s fortune 发财
seek/try one’s fortune 找出路;碰运气
have the good fortune to do sth=be fortunate to do/in doing sth 有幸做某事
fortune作“机会;运气”讲时,为不可数名词;作“时运;命运”讲时,为可数名词。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
It was 　　　 　(fortunate) that the school bus broke down on the way to a picnic.What a pity!
　　　 　(fortunate),when I was confused about which club to join,
my teacher gave me some valuable suggestions.
(应用文写作之感谢信)能有机会参加这个项目,我感到非常幸运。
I 　 the opportunity to participate in this programme.
unfortunate
Fortunately
feel extremely fortunate to have had
语
境
串
词
One day,a young man decided to seek his fortune.Fortunately,he had the good fortune to meet a businessman who offered him a job.He soon started making his fortune and felt very fortunate.
有一天,一位年轻人决定去寻找发财机会。幸运的是,他有幸遇到了一位商人,这位商人给了他一份工作。很快,他开始发财,并且感到自己非常幸运。
5.earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得
·earnings n.[pl.]收益;收入;工资
[教材原句] To earn a living,some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.
为了谋生,有些人在中国城开商店、开餐馆。
例Your efforts will earn you a good reputation.
你的努力将会为你赢得赞誉。
earn sb sth使某人赚得/获得某物
例He earned a living by selling fortune cookies and although he couldn’t earn a lot of money,he still managed to deposit part of his earnings in a bank every month.
他靠卖幸运曲奇谋生,虽然他赚不到很多钱,但每个月他还是设法把一部分收入存进银行。
earn a/one’s living谋生
归纳拓展
earn a/one’s living=make a/one’s living谋生
earn money=make money挣钱
earn one’s respect赢得某人的尊重(敬)
earn sb sth使某人赚得/获得某物
earn sth by (doing) sth通过(做)某事获得某物
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
She earns 　　　　　 living by teaching English.
Last year,they earned quite a lot 　　　　 selling home-made cakes.
a
by
(话题写作之人物介绍)她帮助他人克服困难的勇气和愿望为她赢得了全世界人民的尊重和爱戴。
Her courage and desire to help others overcome their problems
　　　　　　　　　　 of people all over the world.
(读后续写之语言描写)于是他儿子说:“亲爱的爸爸,您的处境太困难了,我也是您的负担。这样倒不如让我出去闯一闯,挣口饭吃。”
So his son said,“Dear Dad,you have fallen on very hard times and I’m a burden to you; it will be better if I go away and 　　　　　　　 　　.”
earned her
the respect and love
try to earn a/my living
语
境
串
词
His rich working experience earned him a good chance in the big company three years ago,and now he not only earns his living by working here but also has earned/earns a reputation in the field of his work.Besides,his earnings are rising year by year.
三年前,他丰富的工作经验为他在这家大公司赢得了一个很好的机会,现在他不仅在这里谋生而且也在他工作的领域赢得了声誉。此外,他的收入还在逐年增长。
6.select vt.选择;挑选;选拔
·selection n.选择;挑选;选拔
·selective adj.选择性的;有选择的
[教材原句] I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.
我挑了一家粤菜馆,他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。
例(应用文写作之演讲稿)I am very pleased to be selected as a representative to give a speech on traditional Chinese festivals here.
我很高兴被选为代表,在此就中国传统节日发表演讲。
select ...as/to be...评选/挑选……作为……
例The committee selected Sarah to give a speech on behalf of the students at the ceremony.
委员会选择莎拉在典礼上代表学生发言。
例(读后续写之神态描写)There was such a wide selection of delicious meals to choose from in that restaurant that her eyes were fixed on them.
那个餐厅有很多种美味佳肴可供选择,以至于她眼睛都看直了。
select sb to do sth 挑选某人做某事
归纳拓展
select ...as/to be...评选/挑选……作为……
select sb to do sth 挑选某人做某事
select ...for...为……挑选……
select ...from...从……中挑选……
select强调精心“挑选”;elect指“选举;推选”;pick常强调挑剔和苛刻地“挑选”;
choose 指一般意义的“选择”。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The young man was so talented that he was selected
(participate) in the national competition.
They made a final 　 　　(select) after several rounds of interviews.
You can select your favourite movie 　 　the ones recommended by your friends.
to participate
selection
from
(话题写作之人物介绍)事实上,他是如此负责任和热心,所以我们选他当班长。
In fact,he was so responsible and warm-hearted that
　.
(读后续写之动作描写)走了很长一段路,我们到达了山顶,选了一个好地方扎营。
After a long walk,we arrived at the top of the mountain and
　　　　　　　　 　　　　.
we selected him as/
to be our monitor
selected a
great spot to set up camp
7.bring about 导致;引起
[教材原句] What do you think brought about the cultural diversity
你认为是什么导致了文化的多样性
例(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)A friend of mine works at a school.And he told me that these policies had brought about positive changes.
我的一个朋友在学校工作,他告诉我这些政策已经带来了积极的变化。
例Thinking in a positive,self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one’s physical and mental health.
以积极、自我鼓励的方式思考会给一个人的身心健康带来很多好处。
例I don’t clearly remember who brought up the question but remember it definitely brought about a heated discussion.
我记不清是谁提出了这个问题,但我记得它确实引发了一场激烈的讨论。
bring up 养育;抚养;提出;呕吐
例(应用文写作之感谢信)Your generous help and warm words have brought back my hope and courage.
你慷慨的帮助和暖心的话语让我重拾了希望和勇气。
bring back 把……带回;使想起;使恢复
归纳拓展
bring up 养育;抚养;提出;呕吐
bring in 引进;获利;赚得
bring out 使表现出;显现;出版;阐明
bring back 把……带回;使想起;使恢复
bring down 减少;降低;使倒下
除bring about外,常见的表示“导致;引起”的词语还有cause、result in、lead to、contribute to等。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 用bring的相关短语填空
Since the book was 　　　　　　,it has　　　　 　 a great deal of money.
The Internet is a technological wonder,　　　　　 　　　 far-reaching changes in all aspects of our lives.
The photos　　　　　　　　 lots of good memories.
Most of us held the belief that difficulties can　　　　　　　　 the best in a person.
brought out
brought in
bringing about
brought back
bring out
8.claim vt.& n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言;要求(拥有);索取
[教材原句] Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.
在1906年的旧金山(圣弗朗西斯科)大地震中有 3 000多人被夺去生命,并且震后还发生了一系列的火灾。
例The earthquake claimed thousands of lives.
地震夺去了数千人的生命。
例The scientist claimed that he had made a major discovery.
这位科学家宣称他有了一项重大发现。
claim that/to do... 声称……
归纳拓展
·It is claimed that...据说……
claim that/to do... 声称……
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
claim oneself to be 某人自称是……
claim sth back 索回;要回
·make/have a claim 索赔
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The scientist claimed (invent) a new kind of medicine.
You can claim your money 　　　　 if the goods are damaged.
吉姆突然改变了主意,声称他在昨天的比赛中没有做错任何事,这让我们大吃一惊。
Jim suddenly changed his mind,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 anything wrong in yesterday’s competition,which surprised us.
to have invented
back
claiming that he had not done
9.escape vi.& vt.逃走;逃脱;避开 n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱;消遣
·escaped adj.逃跑了的
[教材原句] After visiting the southern part of Yunnan,I have to admit that it is the best region of China to escape the cold winter.
在游览了云南南部之后,我不得不承认它是中国最好的避寒之地。
例The man had a narrow escape in a series of accidents the other day.
几天前,这名男子在一连串的事故中死里逃生。
例Fortunately,he escaped being killed in the car accident.
很幸运,他在车祸中逃过一劫。
a narrow escape 九死一生;死里逃生
escape doing/being done sth 逃避(被)做某事
例(读后续写之细节描写)Tears escaped from his eyes and rolled down his cheeks.
泪水从他的眼睛里溢出,顺着脸颊流下。
escape from/out of ...从……逃脱;逃离
归纳拓展
·escape from/out of ...从……逃脱;逃离
escape into ...逃进……
escape doing/being done sth 逃避(被)做某事
escape one’s attention/notice 逃过某人的注意
·a narrow escape 九死一生;死里逃生
用escape表达“被……遗忘;没有被……注意到”时,用sth escapes/escaped sb结构,而不是用sb escapes/escaped sth结构。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
No detail was too small to escape her attention.　　　　　　　
He always wears sunglasses to escape the strong sunlight.　　　　　　　
Reading books is an escape for many people from the boring routine.
　　　　　　　
(读后续写之场景描写)后来,她设法从燃烧着的汽车中逃了出来。换句话说,她在大火中死里逃生。
She 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 the burning car afterwards.In other words,
she narrowly 　　　　　　　　　　 in the fire.
逃脱
避开
解脱;消遣
managed to escape from
escaped being killed
重点句式
it作形式主语
▲
[教材原句] I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我不得不承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
例(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
据估计,到2050年,全球电力需求可能会增长一倍以上。
例It’s important for students to develop good study habits.
对于学生来说,养成良好的学习习惯很重要。
例It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.
真遗憾,你错过了那场激动人心的足球赛。
[归纳拓展]
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
It is no use 　　　 　(complain) about the bad weather all the time.
　　　 is said that all the tickets have been sold out.
It is necessary for students 　　　 　(review) their lessons regularly.
在湖边欣赏美丽的日落令人陶醉。
complaining
It
to review
It is charming to enjoy the beautiful sunset by the lake.
保护环境是每个人的责任。
It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
There be+n.+非谓语动词
▲
[教材原句] There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
例(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Thankfully,there was a long queue still waiting to board the bus.
谢天谢地,还有很长的队伍在等着上车。
例There are soft cushions placed neatly on the sofa,making it look very comfortable.
沙发上整齐地放着柔软的靠垫,看起来很舒服。
例There is a large bookshelf standing against the wall,filled with all kinds of books.
靠墙立着一个大书架,上面摆满了各种各样的书籍。
归纳拓展
·There be+n.+doing 表示主动关系,同时表示动作正在进行
There be+n.+done 表示被动关系,同时表示动作已经发生
There be+n.+to do/to be done 表示动作尚未发生
·There be句型还常常以下列形式出现:
There seems/appears/happens/used to be...
There stands/lies/exists/lives/comes/goes/follows/remains...
There be no use/good/sense/point/need/doubt/possibility (in) doing...
动词不定式与被修饰词之间是被动关系,如不定式中的动词为不及物动词,其后应加介词。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
There is a lot of housework 　　 　　 (do) in the afternoon so I can’t accompany you to the cinema.
There are many people 　　　 　 (apply) for the job advertised in the newspaper.
There is a great breakthrough 　　　 　(make),which has relieved all the members of the team.
to do
applying
made
校园里有很多学生在朗读英语。
There are lots of students 　 　　　　　　　　　.
有一群志愿者要来帮助打扫街道。
There is a group of volunteers 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
reading English aloud in the campus
to help clean the street
长难句分析
[教材原句] There are so many beautiful old buildings— many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
尝试分析: 是主干部分, 是独立主格结构,补充说明so many beautiful old buildings的情况; 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
自主翻译:这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅,城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。
[语境运用] 情境写作
博物馆里有很多展品,很多是独特且具有教育意义的,吸引了很多游客前来参观。
There are so many exhibits in the museum—many unique and educational,
attracting a great many visitors to visit.
语法微专题3
省略
语法原句再现
This district used to be a poor area of town,but (this district) is now a centre for art,music,and food.
(It is) A real mix of cultures here!
What great food (it is)!
( I ) Can’t wait!
观察上面的例句,你发现了什么规律
语法知识点拨
为了避免重复或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去某一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中,常见的省略情况有以下几种。
一、简单句中的省略
1.主语和谓语的省略。
—Hello!Is Jack in
——你好!杰克在吗
—(This is) Jack speaking.
——我就是。
2.there be句型中的省略。
(Is there) Anything wrong
发生了什么事
3.感叹句根据上下文的省略。
What a (good) boy (he is)!
多好的男孩呀!
4.名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时可省略。I go to the supermarket instead of the butcher’s (shop) to buy meat.
我去超市而不是去肉铺买肉。
5.介词的省略。
常见的有spend time (in) doing sth、have a hard time (in) doing sth、waste time (in) doing sth、stop/prevent...(from) doing sth、take turns (at) doing sth等。
He seldom spends his spare time (in) studying.
他很少利用空余时间学习。
[语境运用] 写出下列句子中的省略部分
Come here! (　　　　)
—What is your favourite subject
—English.(　　　　)
—Have you seen Lily
—No,I haven’t seen.(　　　　)
Take a seat (　　　　)
What a wonderful experience!(　　　　)
You
It is
her
Will you
it was
二、并列句中的省略
1.省略共同的主语或宾语。
Tom picked up the book from the floor and (Tom) handed it to his brother.
汤姆从地板上捡起书并把它递给了哥哥。
2.若主语与谓语动词相同,则省略后面分句的主语和谓语。
The movie touched my heart and (the movie touched) many other audience’s hearts too.
这部电影触动了我的心,也触动了许多其他观众的心。
3.若主语不同而谓语的助动词、情态动词相同,则省略后面分句的助动词或情态动词。
Tom must have been playing football at that time,and his sister (must have been) playing the piano.
汤姆那时一定在踢足球,而且他的妹妹一定在弹钢琴。
[语境运用] 用省略形式完成句子
有些孩子喜欢吃甜食,有些则不喜欢。
Some children like eating sweet food,while some 　　　　　　.
我经常骑自行车去上班,我的一些同事坐地铁。
I often go to work by bike and some of my colleagues 　　　　　　　　.
don’t
by subway
三、动词不定式中的省略
1.动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的省略。
(1)答语中的有些动词(短语)后跟不定式作宾语时,可将其动词省略,而保留to,这样的动词(短语)常见的有want、wish、expect、hope、would like/love、like、love、try、forget、prefer、mean、be going to、be about to、be supposed to等。
—Will you go with me
——你要和我一起去吗
—Yes,I’d like to (go with you).
——是的,我想。
如果作宾语的不定式是be动词或完成时态,则需在to之后加上be或have。
—Are you an artist
—— 你是艺术家吗
—No,but I wish to be (an artist).
—— 不,但我希望是。
—He hasn’t finished his homework.
——他还没有完成家庭作业。
—He ought to have (finished his homework).
——他本应该完成的。
温馨提示
(2)动词不定式作宾语补足语时,省略to后的动词部分,即用to代替整个不定式。
You’d better finish the job on time if he ordered you to (finish the job on time).
你最好按时完成工作,如果他是这么要求你的。
(3)动词不定式在形容词able、anxious、eager、glad、happy、ready、willing等之后作状语时,省略动词部分。
You can’t force him to live in another city if he’s not ready to (live in another city).
如果他还没有准备去另一个城市生活,你就不能强迫他。
(4)不定式跟在be able to、be going to、have to、ought to、used to等后,一起作复合谓语时,省略动词部分。
He doesn’t like fish but he used to (like fish).
他不喜欢吃鱼,但是以前他喜欢。
2.动词不定式符号to的省略。
(1)感官动词feel、see、notice、watch、find、hear、listen to、observe等和使役动词have、make、let等后面作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to (help后的to可带可不带)。
I saw a boy fall down from the tree.
我看见一个男孩从树上摔下来了。
这些结构在被动语态中,动词不定式符号to保留(let除外)。
We often hear him sing the song at home.
→He is often heard to sing the song at home.
我们经常听到他在家唱这首歌。
温馨提示
(2)当不定式作表语时,如果主语部分出现动词do的任何形式,则不定式中的to常可省略。
What he wants to do is go home.
他想做的就是回家。
(3)介词but前面有动词do,后面的不定式可省略to。
She could do nothing but sit there and cry.
她除了坐在那儿哭什么也做不了。
(4)两个或者两个以上的动词不定式由连词and、but、than、or等连接时,从第二个动词不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to。
My task is to clean the classroom and arrange the desks.
我的任务是打扫教室并整理课桌。
如果两个不定式表示对比关系,则to都不能省略。
To choose to study abroad or to stay in China depends on your own situation.
选择出国学习还是留在国内学习取决于你自身的情况。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
He was often seen 　　　(go) to the supermarket to do some shopping.
She can do nothing but 　　 　　(accept) the fact.
He believes it important to study rather than 　　 　　(make) friends.
to go
accept
to make
四、复合句中的省略
1.状语从句的省略。
(1)在when、while、whenever、till、as soon as、if、unless、once、as long as、even if/though、though、although、as if/though等引导的时间、条件、让步、比较、方式等状语从句中,若谓语含有be动词,且从句的主语与主句的主语相同(或从句主语是it)时,则从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
While (he was) waiting for the bus,he read a newspaper.
在等公交车的时候,他读了一份报纸。
Even if/though (he is) tired,he never gives up studying English.
即使他很累,他也从不放弃学习英语。
(2)虚拟条件句中若含有were、had、should,常省略if,将were、had、should提前构成部分倒装。
Were she here (相当于 If she were here),she would give us some good suggestions.
要是她在这儿,她会给我们一些好的建议。
2.宾语从句的省略。
(1)由特殊疑问词which、when、where及why引导的宾语从句,若从句中所表达的内容与主句内容重复,可将其省略,仅保留疑问词。
He was late for work again,and no one knew why (he was late for work again).
他又一次上班迟到了,没有人知道为什么。
(2)that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语时,可省略引导词that;若两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语,只能省略第一个引导词that。
The teacher told us (that) we should review our lessons carefully and that we needed to prepare for the exam.
老师告诉我们要认真复习功课,并且要为考试做准备。
(3)在与suggest、request、order、advise等词有关的名词性从句中,从句谓语动词应用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
The doctor advised that she (should) take a good rest.
医生建议她好好休息。
(4)在用“I’m afraid...”“I think...”“I believe...”“I hope...”“I guess...”等作答句时,其后常跟省略形式。so表示赞同前述的事实,not表示不赞同前述的事实。
—There will be a heavy rain tomorrow.
—— 明天会有大雨。
—I think so. (相当于 There will be a heavy rain tomorrow.)
—— 我想是的。
3.定语从句的省略。
(1)在限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词whom、which、that可省略。
The man (whom/that) we met at the party is a famous writer.
我们在聚会上遇到的那个人是一位著名的作家。
(2)way作先行词,且定语从句中缺少方式状语时,引导从句的关系词可省略。
We appreciate the way (in which/that) he teaches English.
我们欣赏他教英语的方式。
(3)在由“the same...as...”与such as引导的某些定语从句中,也可省略与主句相同的部分。
The price is the same as (the price was) yesterday.
今天的价格与昨天的相同。
(4)定语从句中的“关系代词+助动词be”可以省略。
The ticket (that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.
他妹妹预订的那张票已经寄给他。
[语境运用] 完成句子
如果有必要,你可以随时给我打电话。
You can call me at any time 　 .
要是我有更多时间,我就会去学习一门新的语言。
　　　　　 　　　,I would learn a new language.
老师建议我们大声地朗读英语。
Our teacher 　 .
if necessary
Had I more time
suggests that we read English aloud
真题赏析
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat
　　　　 necessary.
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。if necessary是一个常用的省略短语,表示“如果有必要”。故填if。
if
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When 　　 　　(read) texts of several hundred words or more,learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than on screen.
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。when引导时间状语从句,从句中省略了主语people和be动词are。故填reading。
reading
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)It seemed that the bird was waiting for me,its beady eyes locked on mine as if 　 　　(try) to convey some deep,unspoken gratitude.
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。as if引导方式状语从句,句子主语its beady eyes与动词try之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词。故填trying。
trying
4.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)From a classic viewpoint,enjoy Lower Falls,the Yellowstone River,and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while
　　　 　(learn) about the area’s natural and human history.
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。while引导时间状语从句,从句中省略了主语you和be动词are。故填learning。
learning
Ⅰ.改写句子(使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘)
1.Someone has used my mobile phone,but I don’t know who has used it.
→Someone has used my mobile phone,　　　　　　　　 　　.
2.John worked hard but his brother did not work hard.
→John worked hard　 .
3.The teacher advised me to participate in the competition,but I didn’t dare to participate in the competition.
→The teacher advised me to participate in the competition,
　.
语法专项训练
but I don’t know who
but his brother did not
but I didn’t
dare to
4.My parents encouraged me to go to college,but I didn’t want to go to college.
→My parents encouraged me to go to college,　　　　　　　　　　.
5.Whether she is sick or well,she is always cheerful.
→　　　　　　　　　　,she is always cheerful.
6.If it is necessary,we will finish it ahead of time.
→　　　　　　　　,we will finish it ahead of time.
7.Give me your name and address,please.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,please.
but I didn’t want to
Whether sick or well
If necessary
Your name and address
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.当乘坐公共汽车时,你要记得给老人让座。
　　　　　 　 the bus,you should remember to offer your seat to the elderly.
2.如果有必要,你可以步行去上学。
　　　　　　　　,you can go to school on foot.
3.正如之前所计划的那样,这次旅行非常愉快。
　　　　　 　,the trip was really enjoyable.
While taking
If necessary
As planned
4.如果对这个活动感兴趣,你可以在周五之前报名。
　　　　　　　　 in the activity,you can sign up before Friday.
5.他们提出的改善环境的建议将在下周的讨论会上被考虑。
Their suggestion that the environment 　　　　　　 　　 will be considered at the discussion meeting next week.
6.据说有人要给我们捐赠一些书籍,但我们不知道是谁。
It’s said that someone will donate some books to us,but 　　　 　　　　.
If interested
be improved
we don’t know who
7.活动中,导游热情地为我们详细讲解了每一幅作品,并向我们介绍了我们最欣赏的中国著名画家,如徐悲鸿、齐白石等。
In the activity,the guide enthusiastically explained each work in detail and introduced to us the famous Chinese painters 　　　　　　　　　　,such as Xu Beihong,Qi Baishi and so on.
we admire most[头脑风暴·思维发散]
　　The beauty of the world comes from the diversity of people,which is mainly reflected in the differences in language,nationality,race,religion,cultural tradition,costume and other aspects,thus leading to the diversity of human society.Different historical backgrounds and national conditions,as well as various groups and customs,have given birth to different civilizations and made up a colourful world.In addition,many immigrants also contribute to this wonderful mix,bringing along their own ethnic traditions,and ideas.Definitely,these differences help shape a super and fascinating global community.
世界之美源自人类的多样性,这种多样性主要体现在语言、民族、种族、宗教、文化传统、服装和其他方面的差异,从而导致了人类社会的丰富多彩。不同的历史背景和国情,以及各种民族和习俗,孕育了不同的文明,构成了一个五彩斑斓的世界。此外,许多移民也为这个美丽的融合做出了贡献,他们带来了自己种族的传统和思想。毫无疑问,这些差异帮助塑造了一个超凡而迷人的全球社区。
Listening and Speaking — Discovering Useful Structures
写作词汇
1.downtown　　　 adv.在市中心;往市中心
2.mission n.传教(区);重要任务;使命
3.afterwards adv.以后;后来
4.seek vt.& vi.(sought,sought)
寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
5.claim vt.& n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言
6.series n.一系列;连续;接连
7.escape vi.& vt.逃走;逃脱;避开
n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱
8.fold vt.包;裹;折叠
vt.& vi.(可)折小;(可)叠平
9.super adv.特别;格外
adj.顶好的;超级的
阅读词汇
1.gumbo　　　 　n.秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)
2.nachos n.[pl.]墨西哥玉米片
3.chip n.(英)炸土豆条;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片
4.cheese n.干酪;奶酪
5.spicy adj.加有香料的;辛辣的
6.ethnic adj.具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的
7.district n.地区;区域
8.graffiti n.[pl.]涂鸦;胡写乱画
9.comic n.连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员
adj.滑稽的;使人发笑的
10.china n.瓷;瓷器
11.jazz n.爵士乐
12.bar n.酒吧;小吃店;小馆子
13.diagram n.简图;图解;图表;示意图
14.journal n.日志;日记;报纸;刊物
15.Atlantic adj.大西洋的
16.jeans n.牛仔裤
17.boot n.靴子
18.mushroom n.蘑菇;蕈
拓展词汇
1.diverse adj.不同的;多种多样的→diversity n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性
2.fortune n.机会;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→misfortune n.厄运;不幸;不幸事件→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地
3.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);接纳→admission n.承认;准许进入;入场费
4.definitely adv.肯定;确实→definite adj.清楚的;肯定的→definition n.定义;解释→indefinite adj.模糊不清的;不明确的
5.occur vi.发生;出现→occurrence n.发生;出现;发生的事情
6.historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n.历史;发展史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的
7.earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得→earnings n.[pl.]收益;收入;工资
8.immigrant n.(外来)移民;外侨→ immigrate vi.(从外地)移居,移民→immigration n.移民(入境);移民人数
9.select vt.选择;挑选;选拔→selection n.选择;挑选;选拔→selective adj.选择性的;有选择的
10.minority n.少数民族;少数派;少数人→minor adj.较小的;次要的
11.financial adj.财政的;财务的;金融的→finance n.财政;金融;资金→ financially adv.财政上;金融上
12.poetry n.诗集;诗歌;诗作→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人
13.poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的→poison n.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害
重点词块
1.on top of...　　　 　在……上方
2.used to do sth 过去常常做某事
3.head to (朝……)前进;(向……)去
4.seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
5.earn a living 谋生
6.join...to... 把……和……连接起来
7.bring about 导致;引起
8. series of 一系列或一连串(事件)
9. apart from 除了……外(还);此外
10. be home to ……的发源地;是……的家园
重点句型
1.I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.(it作形式主语)
我不得不承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
2.There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills,offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.(独立主格结构;现在分词短语作伴随状语)
这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅,城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收
眼底。
3.In the same year,gold was discovered near San Francisco,which started a gold rush.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
同年,圣弗朗西斯科附近发现黄金,引发了淘金热。
4.There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.(不定式短语作后置定语)
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境: 人与社会——了解一个具有多元文化特点的城市。
2.语篇类型:旅行日记。
3.课文内容分析:
　　在日记中,中国学生Li Lan记录了自己的加利福尼亚州之行,并主要介绍了在圣弗朗西斯科一天的行程和所见所闻——从最初对圣弗朗西斯科的城市建筑产生兴趣到逐渐体会到多元文化对这个城市方方面面的影响。阅读本文,有利于加深学生对文化异同的理解和尊重,形成开放、包容的性格,并鼓励他们积极促进多元文化的和谐发展。
多维解读·浅析结构
【答案】 1.centre　2.Mexican-Chinese　3.mix　4.museum　5.Chinatown　6.served
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.What can we infer from the passage about the author
[A]She likes the mix of cultures in San Francisco.
[B]She doesn’t like the food in the Mission District.
[C]She is a native to San Francisco.
[D]She doesn’t know much about California.
(　　)2.Why did many people come to San Francisco in 1848
[A]Because there was an art movement.
[B]Because gold was discovered near the city.
[C]Because they wanted to build a new home there.
[D]Because the city was beautiful.
(　　)3.What do we know about Chinatown
[A]It is a poor area of the city.
[B]It is a centre for art,music,and food.
[C]Many immigrants worked on farms there.
[D]People can eat different kinds of food there.
(　　)4.Where did the author stay in San Francisco
[A]In a hotel in the Richmond District.
[B]In a hotel near downtown.
[C]In a poor area of the city.
[D]In a museum in Chinatown.
(　　)5.What is the purpose of the text
[A]To share an interesting experience.
[B]To introduce San Francisco with diverse cultures.
[C]To show the hardships of the immigrants.
[D]To attract readers to visit San Francisco.
【答案】 1.A　2.B　3.D　4.B　5.B
二次开发·深研课文
　　Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley.It 1. 　　　　(definite) feels good to be back in the city again which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that 2.　　　　(occur) in 1906.
There are a wide range of beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills,3.　　　　(offer) great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
My hotel is near downtown in the Mission District,one of the 4.　　　 　(old) parts of the city.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.An art movement 5.　　　　(call) the “Mission School” started here.It’s influenced by graffiti art and comic art.
In the afternoon,I headed 6.　　　　 a local museum that showed the 7.　　　(history) changes in California.In 1848,gold was discovered near San Francisco,which started a gold rush.A large number of people across 8.　　　 globe came to seek their fortune.The museum did a good job of showing how America 9.　　　　(build) by immigrants from different countries and cultures.
This evening,I went to Chinatown,10.　　　　 I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.That’s enough for today.
【答案】 1.definitely　2.occurred　3.offering　4.oldest　5.called　6.to　7.historical　8.the　9.was built　10.where
1.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);接纳
　·admission n.承认;准许进入;入场费
[教材原句] I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我不得不承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
例(读后续写之动作描写)She felt extremely ashamed and her face turned red.A few minutes later,she apologised to me and admitted taking/having taken my umbrella.
她感到非常羞愧,脸变得通红。几分钟后,她向我道歉,并承认拿走了我的雨伞。
例She admitted her carelessness and promised to be more careful next time.
她承认了自己的粗心大意,并承诺下次会更小心。
例You will not be admitted to the theatre hall after the show has begun.
演出开始后你将不允许进入剧场。
·admit doing/having done sth 承认做过某事 admit sb/sth to be/as...承认某人/某物是…… admit (to sb) that...(向某人)承认…… admit...to/into...允许……加入/进入…… be admitted to/into...被接纳进入……;被录取到…… be admitted as...被承认为……;被接纳为…… ·gain admission to...获准进入……
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted 　　　　 competitors.
He was frustrated that he failed to gain 　　　　(admit) to the club he had been longing for.
On Sunday I got word that Tom 　　　　(admit) to hospital for a serious disease.
(应用文写作之祝贺信)Learning that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (你被录取) your ideal university,I can’t wait to express my congratulations to you.
(读后续写之动作描写)She walked towards Mike with a nervous look on her face.She took a deep breath and then　　　　　　　　　　　(承认打碎了他的眼镜),her voice full of regret.
【答案】 ① as　② admission　③ was admitted　④ you are admitted to/into
⑤ admitted breaking/having broken his glasses或admitted that she had broken his glasses
2.occur vi.发生;出现
·occurrence n.发生;出现;发生的事情
[教材原句] And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
例A serious accident occurred on the highway last night.
昨晚高速公路上发生了一起严重的事故。
例A wonderful writing topic occurred to the writer all at once while he was taking a walk in the park.
这位作家在公园散步时,一个绝妙的写作主题突然出现在他的脑海里。
例It occurred to me that I had left my keys at the office when I was about to open the door.
当我正要开门时,我突然想到我把钥匙落在办公室了。
sth occurs/occurred to sb (想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中;某人突然想起某事 It occurs/occurred to sb to do sth 某人突然想到做某事 It occurs/occurred to sb that...某人突然想到…… (It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,且that不能省略)
①occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred,现在分词为occurring。
②occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作谓语时,主语不能是人。
③表示“某人突然想到……”还有如下结构。
It strikes/struck sb+that从句;
It hits/hit sb+that从句;
sth strikes/struck sb;
sth comes/came to sb;
sb hits/hit on/upon sth
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
A wonderful thought occurred 　　　　 her that she could hold a party for her mother’s birthday.
It occurred to her 　　　　(send) an email to her friend to share the good news.
What he describes is more a made-up story than a real 　　　　(occur).
(读后续写之环境描写)那天晚上一场可怕的暴风雨来袭,狂风怒吼,大雨倾盆而下。
That night 　 ,with the wild wind howling and the rain pouring down.
(应用文写作之道歉信)我突然想到第二天早上要参加一个重要的讲座。很抱歉不能跟你一起去书店了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 I had an important lecture to attend the next morning.I was so sorry for not being able to go to the bookstore with you.
【答案】 ① to　② to send　③ occurrence　④ a terrible storm occurred
⑤ It occurred to me that
3.seek vt.& vi.寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
[教材原句] Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune,...
世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至,在这里谋出路,……
例(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth.
寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于成长非常重要。
例She sought advice from her friends when choosing a major in college.
她在选择大学专业时向朋友们寻求建议。
例Last week,a group of international students visited our school to seek after our tea drinking culture.
上个星期,一群国际学生为了追寻我们的饮茶文化而参观了我们学校。
seek for/after 寻找;追求 seek to do sth 试图/设法做某事 seek sth from sb 向某人征求/寻求某物 seek out 挑选出;物色到 seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Scientists are constantly seeking 　　　　solutions to environmental problems.
The farmers sought 　　　　(harvest) all the crops before the storm.
(读后续写之动作描写)我们朝喊大叫,并敲打玻璃瓶,试图把熊吓跑。
We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(应用文写作之求助信)了解到您是这方面的专家,我写信向您寻求关于如何与朋友友好相处的建议。
Knowing that you are an expert in the field,I am writing to 　　　　　　　　　　 on how to get along well with friends.
【答案】 ① for/after　② to harvest　③ seeking to frighten the bear away
④ seek your advice/seek advice from you
4.fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱;命运
·fortunate adj.幸运的
·unfortunate adj.不幸的
·fortunately adv.幸运地
·unfortunately adv.不幸地
·misfortune n.厄运;不幸;不幸事件
[教材原句] Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune,...
世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至,在这里谋出路,……
例I had the good fortune to be chosen for studying abroad.
我有幸被选中出国学习。
例Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune,Mike left home without saying a word.
迈克决心在赚大钱之前决不回来,于是一句话也没说就离开了家。
例My cousin was fortunate to find a job as soon as she graduated from the university.
我表姐很幸运,大学一毕业就找到了工作。
make a/one’s fortune 发财 seek/try one’s fortune 找出路;碰运气 have the good fortune to do sth=be fortunate to do/in doing sth 有幸做某事
fortune作“机会;运气”讲时,为不可数名词;作“时运;命运”讲时,为可数名词。
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
It was 　　　　(fortunate) that the school bus broke down on the way to a picnic.What a pity!
　　 　　(fortunate),when I was confused about which club to join,my teacher gave me some valuable suggestions.
(应用文写作之感谢信)能有机会参加这个项目,我感到非常幸运。
I 　 the opportunity to participate in this programme.
【答案】 ① unfortunate　② Fortunately　③ feel extremely fortunate to have had
One day,a young man decided to seek his fortune.Fortunately,he had the good fortune to meet a businessman who offered him a job.He soon started making his fortune and felt very fortunate.
有一天,一位年轻人决定去寻找发财机会。幸运的是,他有幸遇到了一位商人,这位商人给了他一份工作。很快,他开始发财,并且感到自己非常幸运。
5.earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得
·earnings n.[pl.]收益;收入;工资
[教材原句] To earn a living,some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.
为了谋生,有些人在中国城开商店、开餐馆。
例Your efforts will earn you a good reputation.
你的努力将会为你赢得赞誉。
例He earned a living by selling fortune cookies and although he couldn’t earn a lot of money,he still managed to deposit part of his earnings in a bank every month.
他靠卖幸运曲奇谋生,虽然他赚不到很多钱,但每个月他还是设法把一部分收入存进银行。
earn a/one’s living=make a/one’s living谋生 earn money=make money挣钱 earn one’s respect赢得某人的尊重(敬) earn sb sth使某人赚得/获得某物 earn sth by (doing) sth通过(做)某事获得某物
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
She earns 　　　　　 living by teaching English.
Last year,they earned quite a lot 　　　　 selling home-made cakes.
(话题写作之人物介绍)她帮助他人克服困难的勇气和愿望为她赢得了全世界人民的尊重和爱戴。
Her courage and desire to help others overcome their problems 　　　　　　　　　　　 of people all over the world.
(读后续写之语言描写)于是他儿子说:“亲爱的爸爸,您的处境太困难了,我也是您的负担。这样倒不如让我出去闯一闯,挣口饭吃。”
So his son said,“Dear Dad,you have fallen on very hard times and I’m a burden to you; it will be better if I go away and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.”
【答案】 ① a　② by　③ earned her the respect and love　④ try to earn a/my living
His rich working experience earned him a good chance in the big company three years ago,and now he not only earns his living by working here but also has earned/earns a reputation in the field of his work.Besides,his earnings are rising year by year.
三年前,他丰富的工作经验为他在这家大公司赢得了一个很好的机会,现在他不仅在这里谋生而且也在他工作的领域赢得了声誉。此外,他的收入还在逐年增长。
6.select vt.选择;挑选;选拔
·selection n.选择;挑选;选拔
·selective adj.选择性的;有选择的
[教材原句] I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.
我挑了一家粤菜馆,他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。
例(应用文写作之演讲稿)I am very pleased to be selected as a representative to give a speech on traditional Chinese festivals here.
我很高兴被选为代表,在此就中国传统节日发表演讲。
例The committee selected Sarah to give a speech on behalf of the students at the ceremony.
委员会选择莎拉在典礼上代表学生发言。
例(读后续写之神态描写)There was such a wide selection of delicious meals to choose from in that restaurant that her eyes were fixed on them.
那个餐厅有很多种美味佳肴可供选择,以至于她眼睛都看直了。
select ...as/to be...评选/挑选……作为…… select sb to do sth 挑选某人做某事 select ...for...为……挑选…… select ...from...从……中挑选……
select强调精心“挑选”;elect指“选举;推选”;pick常强调挑剔和苛刻地“挑选”;choose 指一般意义的“选择”。
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The young man was so talented that he was selected 　　　　(participate) in the national competition.
They made a final 　　　　(select) after several rounds of interviews.
You can select your favourite movie 　　　　the ones recommended by your friends.
(话题写作之人物介绍)事实上,他是如此负责任和热心,所以我们选他当班长。
In fact,he was so responsible and warm-hearted that 　 .
(读后续写之动作描写)走了很长一段路,我们到达了山顶,选了一个好地方扎营。
After a long walk,we arrived at the top of the mountain and 　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 ① to participate　② selection　③ from
④ we selected him as/to be our monitor ⑤ selected a great spot to set up camp
7.bring about 导致;引起
[教材原句] What do you think brought about the cultural diversity
你认为是什么导致了文化的多样性
例(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)A friend of mine works at a school.And he told me that these policies had brought about positive changes.
我的一个朋友在学校工作,他告诉我这些政策已经带来了积极的变化。
例Thinking in a positive,self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one’s physical and mental health.
以积极、自我鼓励的方式思考会给一个人的身心健康带来很多好处。
例I don’t clearly remember who brought up the question but remember it definitely brought about a heated discussion.
我记不清是谁提出了这个问题,但我记得它确实引发了一场激烈的讨论。
例(应用文写作之感谢信)Your generous help and warm words have brought back my hope and courage.
你慷慨的帮助和暖心的话语让我重拾了希望和勇气。
bring up 养育;抚养;提出;呕吐 bring in 引进;获利;赚得 bring out 使表现出;显现;出版;阐明 bring back 把……带回;使想起;使恢复 bring down 减少;降低;使倒下
除bring about外,常见的表示“导致;引起”的词语还有cause、result in、lead to、
contribute to等。
　[语境运用] 用bring的相关短语填空
Since the book was 　　　　　　　　　,it has　　　　　　 a great deal of money.
The Internet is a technological wonder,　　　　　　　　 far-reaching changes in all aspects of our lives.
The photos　　　　　　　　 lots of good memories.
Most of us held the belief that difficulties can　　　　　　　　 the best in a person.
【答案】 ① brought out;brought in　② bringing about ③ brought back　④ bring out
8.claim vt.& n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言;要求(拥有);索取
[教材原句] Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.
在1906年的旧金山(圣弗朗西斯科)大地震中有 3 000多人被夺去生命,并且震后还发生了一系列的火灾。
例The earthquake claimed thousands of lives.
地震夺去了数千人的生命。
例The scientist claimed that he had made a major discovery.
这位科学家宣称他有了一项重大发现。
·It is claimed that...据说…… claim that/to do... 声称…… claim to have done sth 声称做过某事 claim oneself to be 某人自称是…… claim sth back 索回;要回 ·make/have a claim 索赔
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The scientist claimed (invent) a new kind of medicine.
You can claim your money 　　　　 if the goods are damaged.
吉姆突然改变了主意,声称他在昨天的比赛中没有做错任何事,这让我们大吃一惊。
Jim suddenly changed his mind,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 anything wrong in yesterday’s competition,which surprised us.
【答案】 ① to have invented　② back 　③ claiming that he had not done
9.escape vi.& vt.逃走;逃脱;避开 n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱;消遣
·escaped adj.逃跑了的
[教材原句] After visiting the southern part of Yunnan,I have to admit that it is the best region of China to escape the cold winter.
在游览了云南南部之后,我不得不承认它是中国最好的避寒之地。
例The man had a narrow escape in a series of accidents the other day.
几天前,这名男子在一连串的事故中死里逃生。
例Fortunately,he escaped being killed in the car accident.
很幸运,他在车祸中逃过一劫。
例(读后续写之细节描写)Tears escaped from his eyes and rolled down his cheeks.
泪水从他的眼睛里溢出,顺着脸颊流下。
·escape from/out of ...从……逃脱;逃离 escape into ...逃进…… escape doing/being done sth 逃避(被)做某事 escape one’s attention/notice 逃过某人的注意 ·a narrow escape 九死一生;死里逃生
用escape表达“被……遗忘;没有被……注意到”时,用sth escapes/escaped sb结构,而不是用sb escapes/escaped sth结构。
　[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
No detail was too small to escape her attention.　　　　　　　
He always wears sunglasses to escape the strong sunlight.　　　　　　　
Reading books is an escape for many people from the boring routine.　　　　　　　
(读后续写之场景描写)后来,她设法从燃烧着的汽车中逃了出来。换句话说,她在大火中死里逃生。
She 　　　　　 the burning car afterwards.In other words,she narrowly 　　　　　　 in the fire.
【答案】 ① 逃脱　② 避开　③ 解脱;消遣
④ managed to escape from;escaped being killed
it作形式主语
[教材原句] I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我不得不承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
例(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
据估计,到2050年,全球电力需求可能会增长一倍以上。
例It’s important for students to develop good study habits.
对于学生来说,养成良好的学习习惯很重要。
例It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.
真遗憾,你错过了那场激动人心的足球赛。
[归纳拓展]
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/翻译句子
It is no use 　　　　(complain) about the bad weather all the time.
　　　　 is said that all the tickets have been sold out.
It is necessary for students 　　　　(review) their lessons regularly.
在湖边欣赏美丽的日落令人陶醉。
保护环境是每个人的责任。
【答案】 ① complaining 　② It　③ to review
④ It is charming to enjoy the beautiful sunset by the lake.
⑤ It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
There be+n.+非谓语动词
[教材原句] There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
例(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Thankfully,there was a long queue still waiting to board the bus.
谢天谢地,还有很长的队伍在等着上车。
例There are soft cushions placed neatly on the sofa,making it look very comfortable.
沙发上整齐地放着柔软的靠垫,看起来很舒服。
例There is a large bookshelf standing against the wall,filled with all kinds of books.
靠墙立着一个大书架,上面摆满了各种各样的书籍。
·There be+n.+doing 表示主动关系,同时表示动作正在进行 There be+n.+done 表示被动关系,同时表示动作已经发生 There be+n.+to do/to be done 表示动作尚未发生 ·There be句型还常常以下列形式出现: There seems/appears/happens/used to be... There stands/lies/exists/lives/comes/goes/follows/remains... There be no use/good/sense/point/need/doubt/possibility (in) doing...
动词不定式与被修饰词之间是被动关系,如不定式中的动词为不及物动词,其后应加介词。
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
There is a lot of housework 　　　　 (do) in the afternoon so I can’t accompany you to the cinema.
There are many people 　　　　 (apply) for the job advertised in the newspaper.
There is a great breakthrough 　　 　　(make),which has relieved all the members of the team.
校园里有很多学生在朗读英语。
There are lots of students 　　　　　　 　　　　.
有一群志愿者要来帮助打扫街道。
There is a group of volunteers　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 ① to do　② applying　③ made　④ reading English aloud in the campus
⑤ to help clean the street
[教材原句] There are so many beautiful old buildings— many sitting on top of big hills,
offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
尝试分析: 是主干部分, 是独立主格结构,补充说明so many beautiful old buildings的情况; 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
自主翻译:这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅,城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。
　[语境运用] 情境写作
博物馆里有很多展品,很多是独特且具有教育意义的,吸引了很多游客前来参观。
【答案】 There are so many exhibits in the museum—many unique and educational,attracting a great many visitors to visit.
语法微专题3　省略
This district used to be a poor area of town,but (this district) is now a centre for art,music,and food.
(It is) A real mix of cultures here!
What great food (it is)!
( I ) Can’t wait!
观察上面的例句,你发现了什么规律
　　为了避免重复或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去某一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中,常见的省略情况有以下几种。
一、简单句中的省略
1.主语和谓语的省略。
—Hello!Is Jack in
——你好!杰克在吗
—(This is) Jack speaking.
——我就是。
2.there be句型中的省略。
(Is there) Anything wrong
发生了什么事
3.感叹句根据上下文的省略。
What a (good) boy (he is)!
多好的男孩呀!
4.名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时可省略。I go to the supermarket instead of the butcher’s (shop) to buy meat.
我去超市而不是去肉铺买肉。
5.介词的省略。
常见的有spend time (in) doing sth、have a hard time (in) doing sth、waste time (in) doing sth、stop/prevent...(from) doing sth、take turns (at) doing sth等。
He seldom spends his spare time (in) studying.
他很少利用空余时间学习。
　[语境运用] 写出下列句子中的省略部分
Come here! (　　　　)
—What is your favourite subject
—English.(　　　　)
—Have you seen Lily
—No,I haven’t seen.(　　　　)
Take a seat (　　　　)
What a wonderful experience!(　　　　)
【答案】 ① You　② It is　③ her　④ Will you ⑤ it was
二、并列句中的省略
1.省略共同的主语或宾语。
Tom picked up the book from the floor and (Tom) handed it to his brother.
汤姆从地板上捡起书并把它递给了哥哥。
2.若主语与谓语动词相同,则省略后面分句的主语和谓语。
The movie touched my heart and (the movie touched) many other audience’s hearts too.
这部电影触动了我的心,也触动了许多其他观众的心。
3.若主语不同而谓语的助动词、情态动词相同,则省略后面分句的助动词或情态动词。
Tom must have been playing football at that time,and his sister (must have been) playing the piano.
汤姆那时一定在踢足球,而且他的妹妹一定在弹钢琴。
　[语境运用] 用省略形式完成句子
有些孩子喜欢吃甜食,有些则不喜欢。
Some children like eating sweet food,while some 　　　　　　　　　.
我经常骑自行车去上班,我的一些同事坐地铁。
I often go to work by bike and some of my colleagues 　　　　　　　　　.
【答案】 ① don’t　② by subway
三、动词不定式中的省略
1.动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的省略。
(1)答语中的有些动词(短语)后跟不定式作宾语时,可将其动词省略,而保留to,这样的动词(短语)常见的有want、wish、expect、hope、would like/love、like、love、try、forget、prefer、mean、be going to、be about to、be supposed to等。
—Will you go with me
——你要和我一起去吗
—Yes,I’d like to (go with you).
——是的,我想。
如果作宾语的不定式是be动词或完成时态,则需在to之后加上be或have。
—Are you an artist
—— 你是艺术家吗
—No,but I wish to be (an artist).
—— 不,但我希望是。
—He hasn’t finished his homework.
——他还没有完成家庭作业。
—He ought to have (finished his homework).
——他本应该完成的。
(2)动词不定式作宾语补足语时,省略to后的动词部分,即用to代替整个不定式。
You’d better finish the job on time if he ordered you to (finish the job on time).
你最好按时完成工作,如果他是这么要求你的。
(3)动词不定式在形容词able、anxious、eager、glad、happy、ready、willing等之后作状语时,省略动词部分。
You can’t force him to live in another city if he’s not ready to (live in another city).
如果他还没有准备去另一个城市生活,你就不能强迫他。
(4)不定式跟在be able to、be going to、have to、ought to、used to等后,一起作复合谓语时,省略动词部分。
He doesn’t like fish but he used to (like fish).
他不喜欢吃鱼,但是以前他喜欢。
2.动词不定式符号to的省略。
(1)感官动词feel、see、notice、watch、find、hear、listen to、observe等和使役动词have、make、let等后面作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to (help后的to可带可不带)。
I saw a boy fall down from the tree.
我看见一个男孩从树上摔下来了。
这些结构在被动语态中,动词不定式符号to保留(let除外)。
We often hear him sing the song at home.
→He is often heard to sing the song at home.
我们经常听到他在家唱这首歌。
(2)当不定式作表语时,如果主语部分出现动词do的任何形式,则不定式中的to常可省略。
What he wants to do is go home.
他想做的就是回家。
(3)介词but前面有动词do,后面的不定式可省略to。
She could do nothing but sit there and cry.
她除了坐在那儿哭什么也做不了。
(4)两个或者两个以上的动词不定式由连词and、but、than、or等连接时,从第二个动词不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to。
My task is to clean the classroom and arrange the desks.
我的任务是打扫教室并整理课桌。
如果两个不定式表示对比关系,则to都不能省略。
To choose to study abroad or to stay in China depends on your own situation.
选择出国学习还是留在国内学习取决于你自身的情况。
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空
He was often seen 　　　　(go) to the supermarket to do some shopping.
She can do nothing but 　　　　(accept) the fact.
He believes it important to study rather than 　　　　(make) friends.
【答案】 ① to go　② accept　③ to make
四、复合句中的省略
1.状语从句的省略。
(1)在when、while、whenever、till、as soon as、if、unless、once、as long as、even if/though、though、although、as if/though等引导的时间、条件、让步、比较、方式等状语从句中,若谓语含有be动词,且从句的主语与主句的主语相同(或从句主语是it)时,则从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
While (he was) waiting for the bus,he read a newspaper.
在等公交车的时候,他读了一份报纸。
Even if/though (he is) tired,he never gives up studying English.
即使他很累,他也从不放弃学习英语。
(2)虚拟条件句中若含有were、had、should,常省略if,将were、had、should提前构成部分倒装。
Were she here (相当于 If she were here),she would give us some good suggestions.
要是她在这儿,她会给我们一些好的建议。
2.宾语从句的省略。
(1)由特殊疑问词which、when、where及why引导的宾语从句,若从句中所表达的内容与主句内容重复,可将其省略,仅保留疑问词。
He was late for work again,and no one knew why (he was late for work again).
他又一次上班迟到了,没有人知道为什么。
(2)that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语时,可省略引导词that;若两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语,只能省略第一个引导词that。
The teacher told us (that) we should review our lessons carefully and that we needed to prepare for the exam.
老师告诉我们要认真复习功课,并且要为考试做准备。
(3)在与suggest、request、order、advise等词有关的名词性从句中,从句谓语动词应用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
The doctor advised that she (should) take a good rest.
医生建议她好好休息。
(4)在用“I’m afraid...”“I think...”“I believe...”“I hope...”“I guess...”等作答句时,其后常跟省略形式。so表示赞同前述的事实,not表示不赞同前述的事实。
—There will be a heavy rain tomorrow.
—— 明天会有大雨。
—I think so. (相当于 There will be a heavy rain tomorrow.)
—— 我想是的。
3.定语从句的省略。
(1)在限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词whom、which、that可省略。
The man (whom/that) we met at the party is a famous writer.
我们在聚会上遇到的那个人是一位著名的作家。
(2)way作先行词,且定语从句中缺少方式状语时,引导从句的关系词可省略。
We appreciate the way (in which/that) he teaches English.
我们欣赏他教英语的方式。
(3)在由“the same...as...”与such as引导的某些定语从句中,也可省略与主句相同的部分。
The price is the same as (the price was) yesterday.
今天的价格与昨天的相同。
(4)定语从句中的“关系代词+助动词be”可以省略。
The ticket (that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.
他妹妹预订的那张票已经寄给他。
　[语境运用] 完成句子
如果有必要,你可以随时给我打电话。
You can call me at any time 　 .
要是我有更多时间,我就会去学习一门新的语言。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I would learn a new language.
老师建议我们大声地朗读英语。
Our teacher 　 .
【答案】 ① if necessary　② Had I more time ③ suggests that we read English aloud
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat 　　 　　 necessary.
【答案】 if
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。if necessary是一个常用的省略短语,表示“如果有必要”。故填if。
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When 　　 　　(read) texts of several hundred words or more,
learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than on screen.
【答案】 reading
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。when引导时间状语从句,从句中省略了主语people和be动词are。故填reading。
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)It seemed that the bird was waiting for me,its beady eyes locked on mine as if 　　　　(try) to convey some deep,unspoken gratitude.
【答案】 trying
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。as if引导方式状语从句,句子主语its beady eyes与动词try之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词。故填trying。
4.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)From a classic viewpoint,enjoy Lower Falls,the Yellowstone River,
and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while 　　　(learn) about the area’s natural and human history.
【答案】 learning
【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。while引导时间状语从句,从句中省略了主语you和be动词are。故填learning。
Ⅰ.改写句子(使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘)
1.Someone has used my mobile phone,but I don’t know who has used it.
→Someone has used my mobile phone,　　　　　　　　　　.
2.John worked hard but his brother did not work hard.
→John worked hard　 .
3.The teacher advised me to participate in the competition,but I didn’t dare to participate in the competition.
→The teacher advised me to participate in the competition,　 .
4.My parents encouraged me to go to college,but I didn’t want to go to college.
→My parents encouraged me to go to college,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.Whether she is sick or well,she is always cheerful.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she is always cheerful.
6.If it is necessary,we will finish it ahead of time.
→　　　　　　　　　　　,we will finish it ahead of time.
7.Give me your name and address,please.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,please.
【答案】 1.but I don’t know who　2.but his brother did not　3.but I didn’t dare to
4.but I didn’t want to　5.Whether sick or well 6.If necessary
7.Your name and address
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.当乘坐公共汽车时,你要记得给老人让座。
　　　　　　　　　 the bus,you should remember to offer your seat to the elderly.
2.如果有必要,你可以步行去上学。
　　　　　　　　,you can go to school on foot.
3.正如之前所计划的那样,这次旅行非常愉快。
　　　　　　　　　,the trip was really enjoyable.
4.如果对这个活动感兴趣,你可以在周五之前报名。
　　　　　　　　 in the activity,you can sign up before Friday.
5.他们提出的改善环境的建议将在下周的讨论会上被考虑。
Their suggestion that the environment 　　　　　　　　　 will be considered at the discussion meeting next week.
6.据说有人要给我们捐赠一些书籍,但我们不知道是谁。
It’s said that someone will donate some books to us,but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
7.活动中,导游热情地为我们详细讲解了每一幅作品,并向我们介绍了我们最欣赏的中国著名画家,如徐悲鸿、齐白石等。
In the activity,the guide enthusiastically explained each work in detail and introduced to us the famous Chinese painters 　　　　　　　　　　,such as Xu Beihong,Qi Baishi and so on.
【答案】 1.While taking　2.If necessary　3.As planned　4.If interested　5.be improved　6.we don’t know who　7.we admire mostListening and Talking — Video Time
写作词汇
1.material　　　 　n.材料;布料;素材
adj.物质的;实际的
2.clothing n.衣服;服装
3.item n.项目;一件商品(或物品);
一条(新闻)
4.contain vt.包含;含有;容纳
阅读词汇
1.accessory　　　　 　n.配饰;附件;配件
2.souvenir n.纪念物;纪念品
3.climate n.气候
4.tai chi(also t’ai chi) 太极拳
5.herbal adj.药草的;香草的
拓展词汇
1.collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collect vt.采集;收集;收藏→collective adj.集体的;共同的
2.percentage n.百分率;百分比→percent n.百分之……
3.mild adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的→mildly adv.温和地,和善地;轻微地→mildness n.温和;
温暖
4.settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)→settlement n.(解决争端的)协议;和解;定居点→
settler n.移居者;殖民者
5.construction n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建造;修建;组成
6.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装→suitable adj.适宜的;合适的→
suitably adv.适宜地
7.neat adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的→neatly adv.整齐地;简单而聪明地
重点词块
1.settle in　　　　　　 　　　在……定居
2.turn into 转变成
3.take care to do sth 注意做某事
4.to name but a few 仅举几例
5.spend time (in) doing sth 花费时间做某事
6.a range of 一系列
7.varieties of 各种各样的
8.suit everyone’s taste 适合每个人的口味
9.(at) first hand 第一手;亲自
10.be located in/on 位于;坐落于
11.be divided up into 被分成
12.tourist draw 旅游景点
重点句型
1.What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.(what引导主语从句)
早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方,后来变成了中华文化的中心。
2.The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.(“代词+of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
如今中国城的绝大多数居民依旧是华人,他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
3.Traditionally,visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate,which was built using materials donated from China.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
传统上,游客从具有传奇色彩的龙门走入中国城,龙门的建筑材料是由中国捐赠的。
4.There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste,with traditional dishes from all over China.
(with复合结构)
这里有来自中国各地的传统菜肴,各种口味,应有尽有。
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——介绍一个有显著文化特征的地方。
2.语篇类型:旅游宣传简介。
3.课文内容分析:
　　本文描写了圣弗朗西斯科中国城最具代表性的内容,包括那里的居民构成、语言、
建筑、商品、饮食风味、人们的活动,展现了它作为中国文化展示中心的独特魅力。阅读本文,有利于让学生意识到中国文化与美国多元文化的关系,它是美国多元文化的重要组成部分。
多维解读·浅析结构
WELCOME TO CHINATOWN!
【答案】 1.Climate　2.residents　3.language　4.attractions 5.Chinese herbal medicine　6.diverse
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.Which of the following is TRUE about the Chinatown in San Francisco
[A]It is the oldest Chinatown in the USA.
[B]It is bigger than the Golden Gate Bridge.
[C]It has a history of more than 200 years.
[D]Many of its residents can speak English well.
(　　)2.What makes Chinatown a popular destination for tourists
[A]It enjoys a mild climate throughout the year.
[B]It has numerous historical landmarks.
[C]Tourists can learn English there.
[D]It is a centre for Chinese culture.
(　　)3.What was the impact of the 1906 earthquake
[A]It destroyed most of Chinatown’s buildings.
[B]It improved living conditions in Chinatown.
[C]It led to the development of Chinese-style architecture.
[D]It attracted more tourists to Chinatown.
(　　)4.What does the author want to tell us in the last two paragraphs
[A]The food in Chinatown is very expensive.
[B]Chinatowns are not important in the USA.
[C]People can experience traditional Chinese culture in Chinatowns.
[D]There are many Chinatowns in the USA.
【答案】 1.A　2.D　3.A　4.C
1.settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷);(使)平静下来
·settlement n.(解决争端的)协议;和解;定居点
·settler n.移居者;殖民者
[教材原句] Historically,Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.
历史上,在修筑铁路和淘金热时期,来自中国的移民定居于此。
例(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)It’s been an honour to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home.
我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。
例With so much noise around,I couldn’t settle down to my work.
周围有那么多噪声,我无法静下心来工作。
例I really must settle down to doing some serious work.
我真的必须定下心来做些正经事了。
·settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事;定下心来做某事 settle down 定居;(使)安定下来;(使)平静下来;舒服地坐下(或躺下) settle in/into 安顿下来;适应;习惯于(新事物) ·reach/arrive at a settlement 达成协议
　[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Having settled 　　　 a beautiful village,the retired professor settled down to　　　　(conduct) his research.
With a peace 　　　　(settle) reached before midnight,all the participants headed to their homes with belief.
(应用文写作之建议信)听说你有一系列的麻烦需要处理,我觉得你首先应该定下心来思考应对策略。
Hearing that you have 　　　　　 　　　　　,
I think you should first 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the coping strategies.
(读后续写之动作描写)他们冲下车,搭起帐篷,舒适地坐在草地上,欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。
They dashed out of the car,put up the tent and 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　,
enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
【答案】 ① in/into;conducting　② settlement
③ a series of troubles to settle; settle down to thinking about
④ settled down on the grass
2.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装
·suitable adj.适宜的;合适的
·suitably adv.适宜地
[教材原句] There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste,with traditional dishes from all over China.
这里有来自中国各地的传统菜肴,各种口味,应有尽有。
例As the saying goes,it is difficult to suit all tastes.
常言道,众口难调。
例The suit she chose was suitable for the occasion and suited her needs,making her feel confident.
她选择的西装适合这个场合且符合她的需要,让她感到自信。
·suit sb 合某人心意;适合某人 suit one’s needs满足某人的需要 suit...to...使……适合…… ·a suit of 一套…… ·be suitable for 适合于…… be suitable to do sth适合做某事
[词语辨析]
suit 可表示“合乎要求、口味等”,多指“(衣服等的)颜色、款式、花样等适合”
fit 多指“衣服等的尺码(大小)合身(合适)”
match “使相称;使匹配”,指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面相匹配
　[语境运用] 选词填空(suit/fit/match)/一句多译
I want to take this jacket because it 　　　　 me well and 　　　　 my trousers,though the style doesn’t 　　　　 me.
(应用文写作之申请信)我确信这份志愿工作适合我,因为我精通英语。
→I do believe 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because I have a good knowledge of English.(suitable)
→I do believe 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because I have a good knowledge of English.(suit)
【答案】 ① fits;matches;suit
② this voluntary job is suitable for me;this voluntary job suits me
3.contain vt.包含;含有;容纳;控制;克制;防止……蔓延(或恶化)
·container n.容器;集装箱;货柜
[教材原句] Does the city/town introduction contain all the important information
城市/乡镇介绍包含所有重要的信息吗
例The hall can contain up to 500 people when it’s fully occupied.
这个大厅满员时可容纳多达 500 人。
例He looked at me for a moment,and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had.
他看了我一会儿,然后写了一句话,其中包含了我所得到的最好的建议。
例Desperate and helpless,Mary couldn’t contain her tears of regret.
既绝望又无助,玛丽无法控制自己悔恨的泪水。
例Hearing the news,I couldn’t contain my excitement.
听到这个消息,我无法抑制我激动的心情。
contain oneself 克制自己 contain one’s excitement 抑制某人激动的心情
①contain 表示“包含;含有;容纳”时,是一个表示状态的动词,不用于进行时态和被动语态。
②动词contain和include都表示“包含”,但含义不同。contain 侧重于整体里有什么,指在某一范围或整体内容纳某物。include 侧重于被包含,只是整体的一部分。including为介词,放在被包含的事物之前;included为形容词,放在被修饰的名词之后。
　[语境运用] 一句多译/完成句子
我们班有50名学生,包含26名男生和24名女生。
→There are 50 students in our class, 　 .(contain)
→There are 50 students in our class, 　 .(including)
→There are 50 students in our class, 　.(included)
(应用文写作之告知信)我校体育场大得足以容纳 3 000人,在体育场能举办各种体育
赛事。
Our school stadium is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,where a wide variety of sports events can be held.
(读后续写之心理描写)小女孩努力克制自己的害怕,小心翼翼地往前走。
The little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and walked forwards carefully.
【答案】 ① containing 26 boys and 24 girls;including 26 boys and 24 girls;26 boys and 24 girls included
② large enough to contain 3,000 people　③ tried to contain her fear
what引导名词性从句
[教材原句] What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方,后来变成了中华文化的中心。
例(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.
我们发现,只从外观来判断你吃的东西(是否好吃)是不明智的。
例What we should focus on/concentrate on is what we should do for ocean protection instead of shouting slogans.
我们应该关注的是我们能为海洋保护做什么而不是仅仅喊口号。
例What we learn from this experience will help us make better decisions in the future.
我们从这次经历中学到的东西将帮助我们在未来做出更好的决策。
[归纳拓展]
that是从属连词,引导名词性从句时只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分,也无任何意义。
　[语境运用] 完成句子/完成语段
老师在课堂上说的话给学生们留下了深刻的印象。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 in class left a deep impression on the students.
众所周知,任何违反规则的人都应该受到惩罚。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is that anyone who breaks the rules should be punished.
我最喜欢这份工作的地方是它为我提供了向外国友人介绍中华传统文化的机会。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is that it offers me the opportunity to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.
(读后续写之情节描写)我们既沮丧又担心,不知道什么可以使我们抑郁的爱犬高兴起来。似乎过了一个世纪的时间,我们终于想出了一个好主意——买一只小狗和它作伴。有了一个新的玩伴,我们的狗不再是过去的样子了。我们的脸上露出了欣慰的笑容。
Upset and concerned,we didn’t know 　　　　　　　　　　　 our gloomy beloved pet dog.After 　　　　　　　　　　 　　,a good idea occurred to us—buying it a puppy.
Having a new playmate,our dog wasn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　.A relieved smile spread across our faces.
【答案】 ① What the teacher said　② What is known to us
③ What I like most about the job
④ what could cheer up; what seemed like a century; what it used to be
“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”结构
[教材原句] The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.
如今中国城的绝大多数居民依旧是华人,他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
例He mentioned a person,the name of whom I’ve forgotten.
他提到了一个人,人名我忘记了。
例He bought several paintings at the auction,three of which were painted by famous artists.
他在拍卖会上买了几幅画,其中三幅是著名艺术家的作品。
例The team consists of 15 members,all of whom have rich experience in the field.
这个团队由15名成员组成,他们都在该领域拥有丰富的经验。
·“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”结构常见的有“some/several/many/most/each/all/the largest...+of which/whom”等形式,表示部分、整体、数量等概念。 ·该结构在定语从句中一般作主语,先行词指人时用whom引导定语从句;先行词指物时用which引导定语从句。of表示所属关系或部分与整体的关系。 ·除“名词/代词/数词+of which/whom”的顺序外,有时也可以将“of which/whom”放在名词/代词/数词的前面。
　[语境运用] 句型转换/完成句子
Our class also has advantages of its own,the most obvious one of which is the students’ enthusiasm for learning.
→Our class also has advantages of its own,of which 　　　　　　　　　　　　 is the students’ enthusiasm for learning.
(应用文写作之推荐信)杭州有众多名胜古迹,其中最出名的是西湖。
There are many places of interest in Hangzhou,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(话题写作之活动报道)社区在这个暑假为孩子们组织了很多有趣的活动,其中每项活动都很受孩子们欢迎。
The community organises many interesting activities for the children this summer vacation,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(应用文写作之求助信)我们目前正面临诸多问题,其中三个尤为严重,因此我写信来寻求您的帮助。
We are now facing a lot of problems,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Therefore,
I am writing to seek your help.
【答案】 ① the most obvious one　② the most famous of which is the West Lake
③ each of which is popular among children　④ three of which are very serious
写作微专题3　Write an introduction to your city or town
1.文体类型:介绍城市或乡镇,属于说明文范畴,常用于介绍一个地方,包括其居民、语言、特色小吃、景点等。
2.要点内容:
(1)第一段概述圣弗朗西斯科中国城的特点;
(2)第二至第五段介绍圣弗朗西斯科中国城的起源,居民的构成,当地的主要语言,中国城的历史、重建,中国城的店铺类型及特色产品,中国城的特色饮食等;
(3)尾段重申中国城存在的价值。
[思路指引]
1.介绍城市/乡镇首段常用句式。
It is a city with a long history...
It makes...one of the most popular cities to visit.
...is home to... ethnic groups.
Located in ...
... is a big city with a population of...
2.介绍城市/乡镇中段常用句式。
Now,I’ll tell you something about the greatest places of interest in our town.
I’m more than glad to tell you something about the history of our city.
Yet,in spite of this,you can still find some of the city’s grand past.
Something special of the city is ...
Now,let me introduce some of the must-visit attractions in our city.
3.介绍城市/乡镇尾段常用句式。
I’m looking forward to your coming to our city one day.
They allow visitors...to experience...first hand.
In a word,... is worth paying a visit to.
All in all,... is truly a destination that deserves your visit.
假设你是李华,是学校英语俱乐部的负责人,你将带领到你校的外国访学团游览广州。请你用英语写一篇导游词来简单介绍广州。内容包括:
1.地处中国南部,是中国的重点城市之一;
2.占地面积约7 434平方千米;
3.是古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口;
4.著名旅游景点有广州塔、珠江等。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　　　　 位于;坐落于
2.　　　　　　　 占地面积……
3.　　　　　　　 担任/充当
4.　　　　　　　 而且
5.　　　　　　　 旅游景点
6.　　　　　　　 大量的
【答案】 1.be located/situated in/on/at　2.cover an area of　3.serve as
4.what’s more 5.tourist draw　6.a great many
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.广州地处中国南部,是中国最重要的城市之一。
Guangzhou,one of the most important cities of China,　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.广州占地面积约7 434平方千米。
Guangzhou 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 about 7,434 square kilometres.
3.广州是一个历史文化名城。
Guangzhou is a famous 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.它是古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口。
It 　　　　　　　　 an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
5.而且,广州有许多旅游景点,如广州塔、珠江等。
What’s more,there are many 　　　 　 in Guangzhou,such as Canton Tower,the Pearl River,etc.
6.它们吸引了来自世界各地的大量游客。
They attract 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 tourists from all over the world.
【答案】 1.is located in the south of China　2.covers an area of
3.historical and cultural city 　4.served as　5.tourist draws　6.a great many
1.将第1句和第2句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
2.将第3句和第4句用“not only...but also...”结构进行改写升级。
3.将第5句和第6句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
【答案】 1.Guangzhou,one of the most important cities of China,is located in the south of China,covering an area of about 7,434 square kilometres.
2.Not only is Guangzhou a famous historical and cultural city,but it also served as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
3.What’s more,there are many tourist draws in Guangzhou,such as Canton Tower,the Pearl River,etc.,which attract a great many tourists from all over the world.
Dear friends,
Welcome to Guangzhou!I’m more than glad to tell you something about this city.
Guangzhou,one of the most important cities of China,is located in the south of China,
covering an area of about 7,434 square kilometres.Not only is Guangzhou a famous historical and cultural city,but it also served as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
What’s more,there are many tourist draws in Guangzhou,such as Canton Tower,the Pearl River,etc.,which attract a great many tourists from all over the world.
Wish you to have a good time!
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Eric明年暑假将来中国旅游,请你用英语写一篇短文向他推荐一座旅游城市。内容包括:
1.简要介绍推荐的城市;
2.推荐这座城市的理由;
3.期待他的到来。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
　　One possible version:
Dear Eric,
How is everything I’m more than pleased to know you are going to visit China during your next summer holiday.I sincerely hope that you can pay a visit to my hometown Hangzhou first.
Hangzhou,located in the east of China,is one of the most charming cities in the country.With a rich history and culture,Hangzhou is not only a famous historical and cultural city but also serves as the political and economic centre of Zhejiang Province.The city is known for its stunning West Lake and Lingyin Temple,both of which are popular tourist attractions,drawing visitors from all over the world.
I’m looking forward to your coming to my hometown.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 fortune n.机会;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地　mild adj.温和的;和善的　super adj.顶好的;超级的 adv.特别;格外
动作描写 admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)　occur v.发生;出现　select vt.选自;挑选　earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得　claim vt.& vi.宣称;断言　settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论)　contain vt.包含;含有　head to (朝……)前进　bring about 导致;引起
环境(景 物)描写 diverse adj.多种多样的→diversity n.差异(性);多样性　ethnic adj.具有民族特色的　downtown adv.在市中心　historical adj.(有关)历史的　climate n.气候
读后续写 微技能之“线” There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.(环境描写) I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.(动作描写) I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again. (情感描写) What great food!(心理描写)
读后续写 微技能之“面” 读后续写——去往一个充满多样性的城市 幸运的是,我得到了一个绝佳的机会去参观一个充满多样性的城市。当我前往市中心时,具有民族特色和历史感的建筑吸引了我。这里气候温和,非常适合散步。我选了一条小巷开始探索。突然,我听到了美妙的音乐。我循着声音找去,发现了一场街头表演。表演者们才华横溢,我不禁承认 能偶然遇到这场表演我很幸运。总之,整个场景带来了一种喜悦和兴奋的感觉。 Fortunately,I got 1.　　　　　　　　 to visit a city 2.　　　　　　　　. As I headed downtown,I was attracted by the 3.　　　　　　　　　 　. The climate here is mild,making it a perfect day for a walk.I selected a small alley and started to explore.Suddenly,I heard some wonderful music.I followed the sound and found a street performance.The performers were so talented that I couldn’t help but 4.　　　　　　　 I was lucky to encounter this by chance.In a word,the whole scene 5.　　　　　　　　 a sense of joy and excitement. 【答案】 1.a super opportunity　2.full of diversity 3.ethnic and historical buildings 4.admit that　5.brought about
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.diverse adj.不同的;多种多样的→diversity n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性
2.fortune n.机会;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→misfortune n.厄运;不幸;不幸事件→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地
3.admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入);接纳→admission n.承认;准许进入;入场费
4.definitely adv.肯定;确实→definite adj.清楚的;肯定的→definition n.定义;解释→indefinite adj.模糊不清的;不明确的
5.occur vi.发生;出现→occurrence n.发生;出现;发生的事情
6.historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n.历史;发展史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有史时期的
7.earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得→earnings n.[pl.]收益;收入;工资
8.immigrant n.(外来)移民;外侨→immigrate vi.(从外地)移居,移民→immigration n.移民(入境);移民人数
9.select vt.选择;挑选;选拔→selection n.选择;挑选;选拔→selective adj.选择性的;有选择的
10.minority n.少数民族;少数派;少数人→minor adj.较小的;次要的
11.financial adj.财政的;财务的;金融的→finance n.财政;金融;资金→ financially adv.财政上;金融上
12.poetry n.诗集;诗歌;诗作→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人
13.poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的→poison n.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害
14.collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collect vt.采集;收集;收藏→collective adj.集体的;共同的
15.percentage n.百分率;百分比→percent n.百分之……
16.mild adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的→mildly adv.温和地,和善地;轻微地→mildness n.温和;温暖
17.settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)→settlement n.(解决争端的)协议;和解;定居点→
settler n.移居者;殖民者
18.construction n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建造;修建;组成
19.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装→suitable adj.适宜的;合适的→
suitably adv.适宜地
20.neat adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的→neatly adv.整齐地;简单而聪明地
Ⅱ.重点词块
1.on top of...　　　　 　　在……上方
2.head to (朝……)前进;(向……)去
3.seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
4.earn a living 谋生
5.bring about 导致;引起
6. series of 一系列或一连串(事件)
7. apart from 除了……外(还);此外
8. be home to ……的发源地;是……的家园
9.settle in 在……定居
10.turn into 转变成
11.take care to do sth 注意做某事
12.to name but a few 仅举几例
13.spend time (in) doing sth 花费时间做某事
14.a range of 一系列
15.(at) first hand 第一手;亲自
16.be located in/on 位于;坐落于
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.it作形式主语
I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again (再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了).
句式仿写
I have to say that it’s definitely exciting (实在是太令人兴奋了) to participate in this music festival again.
2.独立主格结构
There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills (不少坐落于大山之巅),offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
句式仿写
I looked at my father nervously,my legs shaking and my heart beating wildly(双腿颤抖、心脏狂跳).
3.which引导非限制性定语从句
In the same year,gold was discovered near San Francisco,which started a gold rush (引发了淘金热).
句式仿写
In the same year,this exhibition displayed the works of a master,which attracted high attention from the art world (引发了艺术界的高度关注).
4.what引导主语从句
What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants (早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方) then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
句式仿写
What impressed me most was (最让我印象深刻的是) the good time we spent together.
5.“代词+of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句
The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently (他们中很多人英语说得并不流利).
句式仿写
I have a lot of friends,several of whom are good at playing basketball (其中几个擅长打篮球).UNIT 3　课时作业(一)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.Cultural 　　　　(多样性) is one of the greatest strengths of our world.
2.She was 　　　　 (准许进入) to her dream university.
3.I will 　　　　(确实) go to the concert if I can get a ticket.
4.Among my friends,those who like spicy food are in a 　　　　(少数人).
5.The 　　　　(图表) in the cookbook shows the proper steps of making a cake.
6.Some experts 　　　　(宣称) that a balanced diet can prevent many diseases.
7.There has been a 　　　　 (一系列) of workshops on cultural activities.
8.The delicate 　　　　(瓷器) was carefully placed on the shelf.
9.He lives 　　　　(在市中心) but works in the suburbs.
10.Our team has been assigned a new 　　　　(重要任务) to develop a revolutionary product.
【答案】 1.diversity　2.admitted　3.definitely 4.minority　5.diagram　6.claim　7.series 8.china　9.downtown　10.mission
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.In this course,we hope to look at literature in the frame of its social and 　　　　(history) context.
2.　　　　(immigrant) have contributed to British culture in many ways.
3.The people who are against the plan are in the 　　　　 (minor).
4.The store has a wide 　　　　(select) of shoes for every occasion.
5.My trip to the valley is 　　　　(definite) a memorable experience.
6.Tom is said to have gained 　　　　(admit) to the university of his choice.
7.The invention of the Internet has brought 　　　　 a radical transformation in the way people obtain information.
8.Teachers want students to express a 　　　　(diverse) of ideas on a certain topic.
9.I was 　　　　(fortune) enough to get on the last bus yesterday.
10.The idea that he wanted to be a lawyer occurred 　　　　 him in a dream.
【答案】 1.historical　2.Immigrants　3.minority　4.selection　5.definitely　6.admission 7.about　8.diversity　9.fortunate 10.to　
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(被一所著名的大学录取) because of his excellent grades.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　(除语言外),food is also an important part of cultural diversity.
3.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(声称游览过许多国家) and learnt about different cultures.
4.　　　　　　　　　　　(他突然想到) that different cultures have different values.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　(很遗憾) you missed the wonderful concert.
【答案】 1.was admitted to/into a famous university 2.Apart from language
3.claimed to have visited many countries　4.It occurs to him 5.It is a pity that
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Some people say global English is no longer just controlled by British or American English,but is running free and developing uniquely local forms.Can you figure out the following terms
“I like your smile,but I don’t like you putting your shoes on my face.” This is a way of saying “Keep off the grass.”Or “People mountain,people sea”,which means “Very crowded”.
These examples are what we call Chinglish.When it comes to Chinglish,if all you know is “good good study,day day up”,you will be considered as an “out man”.
Nowadays,more Chinglish words have been created,for example,a Chinese idiom is translated as “smilence”,a combination of the English words “smile” and “silence”.
Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at the misuses of English language in Chinese street signs,products,and advertising.They are favoured by some English-speaking tourists and visitors.Dominic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years.“I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English.But you know,sometimes for us foreigners,it’s actually quite charming to see them.I think if the translations of English in China were all perfect,then something from Chinese culture would be lost.”
However,Chinglish will probably become a “cultural relic” in the near future.Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and correct Chinglish within several years.“It is very ridiculous to see Chinglish on the signs in some scenic spots.And they are a kind of barrier for communication between Chinese and people from other countries,” a person in Beijing said.
Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish.They argue that English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth,and now it’s Chinese’s turn.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。如今,世界英语不单单受英式英语和美式英语的影响,英语词汇和汉语语法的结合还导致了越来越多的“中式英语”的出现。
(　　)1.Which of the following can be called Chinglish according to the examples
[A]The English words which get new Chinese meanings.
[B]The Chinese words which are difficult to translate.
[C]The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.
[D]The local words preventing foreigners from learning Chinese well.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二至第四段内容可知,文中举的中式英语的例子都是用英语词汇按照汉语语法规则表达出来的,与C项描述相符。故选C。
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “smilence” most probably mean in Paragraph 4
[A]Laughing at somebody.
[B]Knowing little about speech.
[C]Smiling without being noticed.
[D]Saying nothing but to smile.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第四段中画线词后的内容可知,smilence是把“微笑”和“沉默”结合,即表示“笑而不语”。故选D。
(　　)3.What is Swire’s attitude to Chinglish
[A]It helps him to learn Chinese well.
[B]It seems part of Chinese culture.
[C]It can show the humour of Chinese.
[D]It will attract more foreign tourists.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段中Swire说的话“I think if the translations... from Chinese culture would be lost.”可知,他认为中式英语是中国文化的一部分。故选B。
(　　)4.Why is Chinglish likely to become a “cultural relic” in Beijing
[A]Because Beijing is determined to get rid of Chinglish signs.
[B]Because Chinglish is a chance to enrich Chinese and English.
[C]Because Chinglish has become a unique bridge between Chinese and English.
[D]Because Chinglish improves the understanding between Chinese and foreigners.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知,中式英语在北京可能会成为“文化遗迹”是因为政府已经采取措施逐渐消除中式英语,尤其是那些标牌上的中式英语。故选A。(共16张PPT)
UNIT 3　课时作业(一)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.Cultural 　　 　　(多样性) is one of the greatest strengths of our world.
2.She was 　　　 　 (准许进入) to her dream university.
3.I will 　　　 　(确实) go to the concert if I can get a ticket.
4.Among my friends,those who like spicy food are in a 　　 　　(少数人).
5.The 　　 　　(图表) in the cookbook shows the proper steps of making a cake.
diversity
admitted
definitely
minority
diagram
6.Some experts 　 　(宣称) that a balanced diet can prevent many diseases.
7.There has been a 　　　　 (一系列) of workshops on cultural activities.
8.The delicate 　　　　(瓷器) was carefully placed on the shelf.
9.He lives 　　 　　(在市中心) but works in the suburbs.
10.Our team has been assigned a new 　　 　　(重要任务) to develop a revolutionary product.
claim
series
china
downtown
mission
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.In this course,we hope to look at literature in the frame of its social and
　　　 　(history) context.
2.　　　 　(immigrant) have contributed to British culture in many ways.
3.The people who are against the plan are in the 　　 　 (minor).
4.The store has a wide 　　　 　(select) of shoes for every occasion.
5.My trip to the valley is 　　 　　(definite) a memorable experience.
historical
Immigrants
minority
selection
definitely
6.Tom is said to have gained 　　 　(admit) to the university of his choice.
7.The invention of the Internet has brought 　 　 a radical transformation in the way people obtain information.
8.Teachers want students to express a 　　　 　(diverse) of ideas on a certain topic.
9.I was 　　　 　(fortune) enough to get on the last bus yesterday.
10.The idea that he wanted to be a lawyer occurred 　　　 him in a dream.
admission
about
diversity
fortunate
to
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.He 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　(被一所著名的大学录取) because of his excellent grades.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　 　(除语言外),food is also an important part of cultural diversity.
3.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　(声称游览过许多国家) and learnt about different cultures.
4.　　　　　 　(他突然想到) that different cultures have different values.
5.　　　　　　　　(很遗憾) you missed the wonderful concert.
was admitted to/into a famous university
Apart from language
claimed to have visited many countries
It occurs to him
It is a pity that
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Some people say global English is no longer just controlled by British or American English,but is running free and developing uniquely local forms.
Can you figure out the following terms
“I like your smile,but I don’t like you putting your shoes on my face.” This is a way of saying “Keep off the grass.”Or “People mountain,people sea”,which means “Very crowded”.
These examples are what we call Chinglish.When it comes to Chinglish,
if all you know is “good good study,day day up”,you will be considered as an “out man”.
Nowadays,more Chinglish words have been created,for example,a Chinese idiom is translated as “smilence”,a combination of the English words “smile” and “silence”.
Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at the misuses of English language in Chinese street signs,products,and advertising.They are favoured by some English-speaking tourists and visitors.Dominic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years.“I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English.But you know,sometimes for us foreigners,it’s actually quite charming to see them.I think if the translations of English in China were all perfect,then something from Chinese culture would be lost.”
However,Chinglish will probably become a “cultural relic” in the near future.Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and correct Chinglish within several years.“It is very ridiculous to see Chinglish on the signs in some scenic spots.And they are a kind of barrier for communication between Chinese and people from other countries,” a person in Beijing said.
Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish.They argue that English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth,and now it’s Chinese’s turn.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。如今,世界英语不单单受英式英语和美式英语的影响,英语词汇和汉语语法的结合还导致了越来越多的“中式英语”的出现。
(　　)1.Which of the following can be called Chinglish according to the examples
[A]The English words which get new Chinese meanings.
[B]The Chinese words which are difficult to translate.
[C]The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.
[D]The local words preventing foreigners from learning Chinese well.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二至第四段内容可知,文中举的中式英语的例子都是用英语词汇按照汉语语法规则表达出来的,与C项描述相符。故选C。
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “smilence” most probably mean in Paragraph 4
[A]Laughing at somebody.
[B]Knowing little about speech.
[C]Smiling without being noticed.
[D]Saying nothing but to smile.
D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第四段中画线词后的内容可知,smilence是把
“微笑”和“沉默”结合,即表示“笑而不语”。故选D。
(　　)3.What is Swire’s attitude to Chinglish
[A]It helps him to learn Chinese well.
[B]It seems part of Chinese culture.
[C]It can show the humour of Chinese.
[D]It will attract more foreign tourists.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段中Swire说的话“I think if the translations... from Chinese culture would be lost.”可知,他认为中式英语是中国文化的一部分。故选B。
(　　)4.Why is Chinglish likely to become a “cultural relic” in Beijing
[A]Because Beijing is determined to get rid of Chinglish signs.
[B]Because Chinglish is a chance to enrich Chinese and English.
[C]Because Chinglish has become a unique bridge between Chinese and English.
[D]Because Chinglish improves the understanding between Chinese and foreigners.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知,中式英语在北京可能会成为“文化遗迹”是因为政府已经采取措施逐渐消除中式英语,尤其是那些标牌上的中式英语。故选A。UNIT 3　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:72.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.settle
A.vt.使平静;使安静　B.vt.解决(分歧、纠纷等)　C.vi.定居　D.vt.确定,安排好　E.vi.降落;停留
①The two parties finally sat down together to settle their differences.　　　
②After retirement,he decided to settle in a small town near the sea.　　　
③Two birds settled on the fence.　　　
④We need to settle the date for the meeting as soon as possible so that everyone can make proper arrangements.　　　
⑤I took out some toys and tried to settle the crying baby down,but in vain.　　　
【答案】 ①B　②C　③E　④D　⑤A
2.claim
A.n.索款,索赔　B.vt.宣称,声称　C.vt.夺去　D.vt.认领　E.vt.引起(注意)
①He claimed that he had seen a UFO last night,but nobody believed him.　　　
②You can make a claim on your insurance policy.　　　
③A man came to the police station to claim the wallet he had lost a few days ago.　　　
④The terrible disease claimed many lives in that region last year.　　　
⑤The bright colours of the advertisement claimed our attention as we walked past.　　　
【答案】 ①B　②A　③D　④C　⑤E
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
You may study English for years and still not understand a native speaker of English when you meet one.Many language learners know that native speakers say a lot of things that you can’t find in a dictionary.Well,here’s a secret for you:A lot of British people can’t understand each other,either!
Across the UK,a number of regions have different dialects.There are many different accents (口音) in London,because it is not just where a person is born in the UK that decides their accent.Language and accents also change across social classes and levels of education.
Therefore,“Multicultural London English” was created at the end of the 20th century.
Other factors are also important in the invention of new accents and ways of speaking.
These include the influence of people from different countries and different age groups,too.
“Yoof culture” is an example.The word “yoof” is a slang (俚语) spelling of “youth”.
Young people are creating their own language,ideas and identity.By using words that their parents don’t understand,children can talk about things that their parents might not agree with.For example,instead of saying something like “That’s good!” or “I understand”,yoof will use a single adjective like “Safe!”,or “Sorted!” Yoof would use “kind-a-thing” or “sort-a-thing” to replace “if you understand what I’m saying”.In this way,they are starting to find freedom,
independence and self-expression.
As learners of English,we may wonder how well we can talk to a native speaker,but perhaps we should worry less about this.Research by the British Council shows that about 94% of the English spoken in the world today is spoken between non-native speakers of the language.In fact,when we think about “international English”,there is no such thing as a native or non-native speaker.The UK no longer owns the English language.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“多元文化伦敦英语”,并介绍了“青年文化”兴起的原因和年轻人用的一些特殊的表达方式。
(　　)1.What do we know about “Multicultural London English”
[A]It was invented by the people in London in the 1900s.
[B]It is now spoken by people around the world.
[C]It’s a dialect specific to a particular social class.
[D]It’s a modern accent that crosses educational levels.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,在伦敦有很多不同的口音,因为一个人的口音不仅仅是由他在英国的出生地决定的。语言和口音也因社会阶层和教育水平的不同而不同。由此可知,“多元文化伦敦英语”是一种跨越教育水平的现代口音。故选D。
(　　)2.Which of the following contributed to the rise of “Yoof culture”
[A]A mix of many different cultures.
[B]The way to simplify English spelling.
[C]Young people’s desire to express themselves.
[D]Young people’s longing for more attention.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Young people are creating...might not agree with.”以及最后一句可知,年轻人表达自己的欲望促进了“青年文化”的兴起。故选C。
(　　)3.What does “Sorted!” mean in “Yoof culture”
[A]Got it! 　
[B]No way!
[C]With pleasure! 　
[D]No worries!
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“For example,instead of saying...or ‘Sorted!’”可知,“Sorted!”在“青年文化”中意为“明白了!”。故选A。
(　　)4.What message does the author intend to convey
[A]Mastering English is next to impossible.
[B]The English language is always changing.
[C]Don’t worry if you cannot understand native speakers.
[D]It helps a non-native speaker to talk to a native speaker.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句以及最后一段的最后两句可推知,作者想要传达的信息是如果你听不懂母语人士的话,不要担心。故选C。
B
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silence may be thoughtful,or it may be empty when a person has nothing to say.Silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,
uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;
therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.People in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai people do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listeners to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,
Russian,French,and Spanish people may use silence to show agreement about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,
people in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognise their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化、不同情境里所代表的
含义。
(　　)5.What does the author say about silence in conversations
[A]It implies anger.
[B]It promotes friendship.
[C]It is culture-specific.
[D]It is content-based.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,沉默在某些文化群体中可能被视为不舒适的,而在其他文化群体中却被视为必要的,说明沉默具有文化特异性。故选C。
(　　)6.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought
[A]The Chinese.
[B]The French.
[C]The Mexicans.
[D]The Russians.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,中国人可能认为一个人在讲话时突然停顿是希望听者去仔细思考。故选A。
(　　)7.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence
[A]Let it continue as the patient pleases.
[B]Break it while treating patients.
[C]Evaluate its harm to patients.
[D]Make use of its healing effects.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,护士应该充分利用沉默的治愈价值来辅助照顾病人。故选D。
(　　)8.What may be a suitable title for the text
[A]Sound and Silence
[B]What It Means to Be Silent
[C]Silence to Native Americans
[D]Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了沉默在不同文化、不同情境里所代表的含义,B项适合作本文标题,故选B。
Ⅲ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
　　Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting Certainly,it is a new experience,which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom.1.　　　 You will experience culture shock.Evidently,at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.
The first stage is called “the honeymoon”.In this stage,you feel excited about living in a different place,and everything seems to be wonderful.2.　　
Eventually,however,the second stage of culture shock appears.This is the “hostility stage”.3.　　　 You become tired of many things about the new culture.Moreover,people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful,and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.
4.　　　 You start feeling more positive,and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don’t understand.The whole situation starts to become more favourable.You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages.
The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”.5.　　　 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture.
A.Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”.
B.You like everything,and everybody seems to be so nice to you.
C.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was.
D.However,when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it.
E.Actually,culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country.
F.In spite of these advantages,however,there are also some challenges you will encounter.
G.You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learnt enough to understand the new culture.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。在一个不同的国家学习是一种新的体验,但也要注意文化冲击。文章就文化冲击的四个阶段进行了详细介绍。
1.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据上文“Do you think studying in...and a feeling of freedom.”以及后文“You will experience...adjustment occur.”可知,设空处与上文构成转折,指出虽然有优点,但是也会遇到文化冲击带来的挑战。F项符合语境,故选F。
2.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“The first stage is called...seems to be wonderful.”可知,上文提到了在第一阶段你会对生活在一个不同的地方感觉兴奋美好,设空处为本段最后一句,应继续说明这种兴奋的感受,B项符合语境,故选B。
3.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据设空处后一句可知,此处提到了对新文化的许多事情感到厌倦。C项讲你会认为一些东西不是当初想象的那样美好,且C项中not everything is as good as对应下文中的awful。故选C。
4.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“You start feeling more positive...the first two stages.”可知,在这一阶段你开始感觉更加积极,会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来,设空处应概括说明这一阶段的相关内容。A项能引出下文,符合语境,故选A。
5.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据后文“The things that initially made you...adjusted to the new culture.”可知,这一阶段的特点是觉得舒服并适应了新文化,即融入其中,感觉良好。G项符合语境,故选G。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
　　I’ve never met Mrs Poddar,the owner of the house where I am living in this foreign country.I finished my 　1　 through a property agent.Mrs Poddar is a complete 　2　 for me.
Yet,a few months later,Mrs Poddar instructed my agent to 　3　 my rent,and the new rent is only half of the original! Feeling 　4　,I asked my agent about the reason.He told me that Mrs Poddar 　5　 I was from abroad studying here alone and was still 　6　 the new environment.She did this just to offer me some 　7　.
Being away from my family to 　8　 my college degree,I have found the life here 　9　 in the past few months: no friends,no familiar food....But the 　10　 Mrs Poddar showed me opened a new world to me,　11　 me not to indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and to establish new relationships.So I decided to 　12　 with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others.On one occasion,I shopped for groceries for an old couple,who 　13　 me to a heavy meal they made.Actually,about half of my spare time is 　14　 with offering help to people in my neighbourhood.
We are indeed from different 　15　,but that doesn’t loosen the ties between us.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外租房时,房东虽然与作者素未谋面,却主动降低房租,给予作者温暖的故事。
(　　)1.[A]moving [B]purchasing
[C]selling [D]renting
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据前文“I’ve never met...living in this foreign country.”和后文“through a property agent”可知,作者从未见过房东,所以是通过房产中介完成租赁(renting)的。故选D。
(　　)2.[A]newcomer [B]stranger
[C]friend [D]helper
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据前文“I’ve never met Mrs Poddar”可知,作者从未见过Poddar夫人,所以她对作者来说是个陌生人(stranger)。故选B。
(　　)3.[A]lower [B]cancel
[C]collect [D]raise
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“the new rent is only half of the original”可知,新房租只是原来的一半,即房东让中介降低了(lower)房租。故选A。
(　　)4.[A]motivated [B]confused
[C]excited [D]annoyed
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据后文“I asked my agent about the reason”可知,作者不知道房东为何降低房租,所以感到困惑(confused)。故选B。
(　　)5.[A]anticipated [B]suspected
[C]discovered [D]argued
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文“I was from abroad studying here alone”可知,房东发现(discovered)了作者是从国外来这里独自学习的。故选C。
(　　)6.[A]wondering at [B]adjusting to
[C]looking into [D]working on
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据前文“I was from abroad studying here alone”和后文“the new environment”可知,作者从国外独自来这里求学,还在适应(adjusting to)新环境。故选B。
(　　)7.[A]convenience [B]advice
[C]comfort [D]freedom
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据前文可知,Poddar夫人发现作者从国外来这里独自求学,还在适应新环境,所以降低房租给作者一些安慰(comfort)。故选C。
(　　)8.[A]pursue [B]change
[C]polish [D]support
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“my college degree”可知,作者离开家人是为了追求(pursue)大学学位。故选A。
(　　)9.[A]boring [B]adventurous
[C]tough [D]eventful
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文“no friends,no familiar food”可知,作者在这里没有朋友,没有熟悉的食物,所以生活很艰难(tough)。故选C。
(　　)10.[A]trust [B]wisdom
[C]respect [D]kindness
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据前文“Yet,a few months later...only half of the original!”可知,房东主动给作者降了房租,这是对作者表现出的善意(kindness)。故选D。
(　　)11.[A]forcing [B]expecting
[C]encouraging [D]commanding
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文“me not to indulge (沉湎)...establish new relationships”可知,房东的善意鼓励(encouraging)作者不要沉湎于负面情绪,建立新的关系。故选C。
(　　)12.[A]negotiate [B]live
[C]correspond [D]connect
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据后文“with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others”可知,作者决定通过先帮助别人的方式来与当地人建立联系。connect with sb“与某人建立联系”,符合题意和用法。故选D。
(　　)13.[A]treated [B]entitled
[C]guided [D]welcomed
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“me to a heavy meal they made”可知,老夫妇请作者吃了(treated)一顿丰盛的饭。故选A。
(　　)14.[A]ready [B]occupied
[C]stuck [D]consistent
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据前文“half of my spare time”和后文“with offering help to people in my neighbourhood”可知,作者大约一半的空闲时间都花在帮助社区的人们上,即忙于帮助社区的人们。be occupied with “忙于……”,符合题意和用法。故选B。
(　　)15.[A]neighbourhoods
[B]families
[C]generations
[D]backgrounds
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据前文“I was from abroad studying here alone”和“So I decided to...lending a hand to others.”可知,在国外租房求学的作者和当地社区的人们来自不同的背景(backgrounds)。故选D。
Ⅴ.应用文写作(15分)
　　假设你是李华,你的外国笔友Jack热爱中国传统文化,最近打算来中国工作和生活一段时间,但是不确定应该去哪个城市,为此他写信向你咨询。请用英语给他写一封回信,内容包括:
1.推荐的城市;
2.推荐的理由(不少于两条);
3.美好祝愿。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Jack,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I’m so pleased to learn that you are going to spend some time in China.
I recommend you to stay in Beijing,the capital and cultural centre of China.The city enjoys a high reputation for its large quantity of ancient buildings,which represent the traditional local lifestyle.And there are also plenty of museums where precious historic relics are waiting for you to explore.Plus,the Beijing Opera performances there are also what you can’t miss.
I wish you a very happy and meaningful life in China!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua(共50张PPT)
UNIT 3　课时作业(四)
①The two parties finally sat down together to settle their differences.　　　
②After retirement,he decided to settle in a small town near the sea.　　　
③Two birds settled on the fence.　　　
(分值:72.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.settle
单元知识综合练
B
A.vt.使平静;使安静　B.vt.解决(分歧、纠纷等)　C.vi.定居　D.vt.确定,安排好　E.vi.降落;停留
C
E
④We need to settle the date for the meeting as soon as possible so that everyone can make proper arrangements.　　　
⑤I took out some toys and tried to settle the crying baby down,but in vain.
　　　
A
D
A.vt.使平静;使安静　B.vt.解决(分歧、纠纷等)　C.vi.定居　D.vt.确定,安排好　E.vi.降落;停留
①He claimed that he had seen a UFO last night,but nobody believed him.
　　　
②You can make a claim on your insurance policy.　　　
③A man came to the police station to claim the wallet he had lost a few days ago.　　　
④The terrible disease claimed many lives in that region last year.　　　
⑤The bright colours of the advertisement claimed our attention as we walked past.　　　
A
B
A.n.索款,索赔　B.vt.宣称,声称　C.vt.夺去　D.vt.认领　E.vt.引起(注意)
D
C
E
2.claim
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
You may study English for years and still not understand a native speaker of English when you meet one.Many language learners know that native speakers say a lot of things that you can’t find in a dictionary.Well,
here’s a secret for you:A lot of British people can’t understand each other,
either!
Across the UK,a number of regions have different dialects.There are many different accents (口音) in London,because it is not just where a person is born in the UK that decides their accent.Language and accents also change across social classes and levels of education.Therefore,“Multicultural London English” was created at the end of the 20th century.
Other factors are also important in the invention of new accents and ways of speaking.These include the influence of people from different countries and different age groups,too.
“Yoof culture” is an example.The word “yoof” is a slang (俚语) spelling of “youth”.Young people are creating their own language,ideas and identity.
By using words that their parents don’t understand,children can talk about things that their parents might not agree with.For example,instead of saying something like “That’s good!” or “I understand”,yoof will use a single adjective like “Safe!”,or “Sorted!” Yoof would use “kind-a-thing” or “sort-a-thing” to replace “if you understand what I’m saying”.In this way,they are starting to find freedom,independence and self-expression.
As learners of English,we may wonder how well we can talk to a native speaker,but perhaps we should worry less about this.Research by the British Council shows that about 94% of the English spoken in the world today is spoken between non-native speakers of the language.In fact,when we think about “international English”,there is no such thing as a native or non-native speaker.The UK no longer owns the English language.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“多元文化伦敦英语”,并介绍了“青年文化”兴起的原因和年轻人用的一些特殊的表达方式。
(　　)1.What do we know about “Multicultural London English”
[A]It was invented by the people in London in the 1900s.
[B]It is now spoken by people around the world.
[C]It’s a dialect specific to a particular social class.
[D]It’s a modern accent that crosses educational levels.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,在伦敦有很多不同的口音,因为一个人的口音不仅仅是由他在英国的出生地决定的。语言和口音也因社会阶层和教育水平的不同而不同。由此可知,“多元文化伦敦英语”是一种跨越教育水平的现代口音。故选D。
(　　)2.Which of the following contributed to the rise of “Yoof culture”
[A]A mix of many different cultures.
[B]The way to simplify English spelling.
[C]Young people’s desire to express themselves.
[D]Young people’s longing for more attention.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Young people are creating...
might not agree with.”以及最后一句可知,年轻人表达自己的欲望促进了
“青年文化”的兴起。故选C。
(　　)3.What does “Sorted!” mean in “Yoof culture”
[A]Got it! 　
[B]No way!
[C]With pleasure! 　
[D]No worries!
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“For example,instead of saying...
or ‘Sorted!’”可知,“Sorted!”在“青年文化”中意为“明白了!”。故选A。
(　　)4.What message does the author intend to convey
[A]Mastering English is next to impossible.
[B]The English language is always changing.
[C]Don’t worry if you cannot understand native speakers.
[D]It helps a non-native speaker to talk to a native speaker.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句以及最后一段的最后两句可推知,作者想要传达的信息是如果你听不懂母语人士的话,不要担心。
故选C。
B
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silence may be thoughtful,or it may be empty when a person has nothing to say.Silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.People in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai people do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listeners to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,
silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish people may use silence to show agreement about the topic under discussion.However,
Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,people in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognise their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化、不同情境里所代表的含义。
(　　)5.What does the author say about silence in conversations
[A]It implies anger.
[B]It promotes friendship.
[C]It is culture-specific.
[D]It is content-based.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,沉默在某些文化群体中可能被视为不舒适的,而在其他文化群体中却被视为必要的,说明沉默具有文化特异性。故选C。
(　　)6.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought
[A]The Chinese.
[B]The French.
[C]The Mexicans.
[D]The Russians.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,中国人可能认为一个人在讲话时突然停顿是希望听者去仔细思考。故选A。
(　　)7.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence
[A]Let it continue as the patient pleases.
[B]Break it while treating patients.
[C]Evaluate its harm to patients.
[D]Make use of its healing effects.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,护士应该充分利用沉默的治愈价值来辅助照顾病人。故选D。
(　　)8.What may be a suitable title for the text
[A]Sound and Silence
[B]What It Means to Be Silent
[C]Silence to Native Americans
[D]Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold
B
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了沉默在不同文化、不同情境里所代表的含义,B项适合作本文标题,故选B。
Ⅲ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting Certainly,it is a new experience,which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom.1.　　　 You will experience culture shock.Evidently,at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.
The first stage is called “the honeymoon”.In this stage,you feel excited about living in a different place,and everything seems to be wonderful.
2.　　
F
B
Eventually,however,the second stage of culture shock appears.This is the “hostility stage”.3.　　　 You become tired of many things about the new culture.Moreover,people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful,and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.
4.　　　 You start feeling more positive,and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don’t understand.The whole situation starts to become more favourable.You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages.
C
A
The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”.5.　　　 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture.
G
A.Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”.
B.You like everything,and everybody seems to be so nice to you.
C.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was.
D.However,when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it.
E.Actually,culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country.
F.In spite of these advantages,however,there are also some challenges you will encounter.
G.You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learnt enough to understand the new culture.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。在一个不同的国家学习是一种新的体验,但也要注意文化冲击。文章就文化冲击的四个阶段进行了详细介绍。
1.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据上文“Do you think studying in...and a feeling of freedom.”以及后文“You will experience...adjustment occur.”可知,设空处与上文构成转折,指出虽然有优点,但是也会遇到文化冲击带来的挑战。F项符合语境,故选F。
2.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“The first stage is called...seems to be wonderful.”可知,上文提到了在第一阶段你会对生活在一个不同的地方感觉兴奋美好,设空处为本段最后一句,应继续说明这种兴奋的感受,B项符合语境,故选B。
3.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据设空处后一句可知,此处提到了对新文化的许多事情感到厌倦。C项讲你会认为一些东西不是当初想象的那样美好,且C项中not everything is as good as对应下文中的awful。故选C。
4.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据后文“You start feeling more positive...the first two stages.”可知,在这一阶段你开始感觉更加积极,会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来,设空处应概括说明这一阶段的相关内容。A项能引出下文,符合语境,故选A。
5.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据后文“The things that initially made you...adjusted to the new culture.”可知,这一阶段的特点是觉得舒服并适应了新文化,即融入其中,感觉良好。G项符合语境,故选G。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
I’ve never met Mrs Poddar,the owner of the house where I am living in this foreign country.I finished my 　1　 through a property agent.Mrs Poddar is a complete 　2　 for me.
Yet,a few months later,Mrs Poddar instructed my agent to 　3　 my rent,and the new rent is only half of the original! Feeling 　4　,I asked my agent about the reason.He told me that Mrs Poddar 　5　 I was from abroad studying here alone and was still 　6　 the new environment.She did this just to offer me some 　7　.
Being away from my family to 　8　 my college degree,I have found the life here 　9　 in the past few months: no friends,no familiar food....But the
　10　 Mrs Poddar showed me opened a new world to me,　11　 me not to indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and to establish new relationships.So I decided to 　12　 with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others.On one occasion,I shopped for groceries for an old couple,who
　13　 me to a heavy meal they made.Actually,about half of my spare time is
　14　 with offering help to people in my neighbourhood.
We are indeed from different 　15　,but that doesn’t loosen the ties between us.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外租房时,房东虽然与作者素未谋面,却主动降低房租,给予作者温暖的故事。
(　　)1.
D
【解析】 根据前文“I’ve never met...living in this foreign country.”和后文“through a property agent”可知,作者从未见过房东,所以是通过房产中介完成租赁(renting)的。故选D。
[A]moving
[B]purchasing
[C]selling
[D]renting
(　　)2.
B
【解析】 根据前文“I’ve never met Mrs Poddar”可知,作者从未见过Poddar夫人,所以她对作者来说是个陌生人(stranger)。故选B。
[A]newcomer
[B]stranger
[C]friend
[D]helper
(　　)3.
A
【解析】 根据后文“the new rent is only half of the original”可知,新房租只是原来的一半,即房东让中介降低了(lower)房租。故选A。
[A]lower
[B]cancel
[C]collect
[D]raise
(　　)4.
B
【解析】 根据后文“I asked my agent about the reason”可知,作者不知道房东为何降低房租,所以感到困惑(confused)。故选B。
[A]motivated
[B]confused
[C]excited
[D]annoyed
(　　)5.
C
[A]anticipated
[B]suspected
[C]discovered
[D]argued
【解析】 根据后文“I was from abroad studying here alone”可知,房东发现(discovered)了作者是从国外来这里独自学习的。故选C。
(　　)6.
B
【解析】 根据前文“I was from abroad studying here alone”和后文“the new environment”可知,作者从国外独自来这里求学,还在适应(adjusting to)新环境。故选B。
[A]wondering at
[B]adjusting to
[C]looking into
[D]working on
(　　)7.
C
【解析】 根据前文可知,Poddar夫人发现作者从国外来这里独自求学,还在适应新环境,所以降低房租给作者一些安慰(comfort)。故选C。
[A]convenience
[B]advice
[C]comfort
[D]freedom
(　　)8.
A
【解析】 根据后文“my college degree”可知,作者离开家人是为了追求(pursue)大学学位。故选A。
[A]pursue
[B]change
[C]polish
[D]support
(　　)9.
C
【解析】 根据后文“no friends,no familiar food”可知,作者在这里没有朋友,没有熟悉的食物,所以生活很艰难(tough)。故选C。
[A]boring
[B]adventurous
[C]tough
[D]eventful
(　　)10.
D
【解析】 根据前文“Yet,a few months later...only half of the original!”可知,房东主动给作者降了房租,这是对作者表现出的善意(kindness)。故选D。
[A]trust
[B]wisdom
[C]respect
[D]kindness
(　　)11.
C
【解析】 根据后文“me not to indulge (沉湎)...establish new relationships”可知,房东的善意鼓励(encouraging)作者不要沉湎于负面情绪,建立新的关系。故选C。
[A]forcing
[B]expecting
[C]encouraging
[D]commanding
(　　)12.
D
【解析】 根据后文“with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others”可知,作者决定通过先帮助别人的方式来与当地人建立联系。connect with sb“与某人建立联系”,符合题意和用法。故选D。
[A]negotiate
[B]live
[C]correspond
[D]connect
(　　)13.
A
【解析】 根据后文“me to a heavy meal they made”可知,老夫妇请作者吃了(treated)一顿丰盛的饭。故选A。
[A]treated
[B]entitled
[C]guided
[D]welcomed
(　　)14.
B
【解析】 根据前文“half of my spare time”和后文“with offering help to people in my neighbourhood”可知,作者大约一半的空闲时间都花在帮助社区的人们上,即忙于帮助社区的人们。be occupied with “忙于……”,符合题意和用法。故选B。
[A]ready
[B]occupied
[C]stuck
[D]consistent
(　　)15.
D
【解析】 根据前文“I was from abroad studying here alone”和“So I decided to...lending a hand to others.”可知,在国外租房求学的作者和当地社区的人们来自不同的背景(backgrounds)。故选D。
[A]neighbourhoods
[B]families
[C]generations
[D]backgrounds
Ⅴ.应用文写作(15分)
假设你是李华,你的外国笔友Jack热爱中国传统文化,最近打算来中国工作和生活一段时间,但是不确定应该去哪个城市,为此他写信向你咨询。请用英语给他写一封回信,内容包括:
1.推荐的城市;
2.推荐的理由(不少于两条);
3.美好祝愿。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Jack,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I’m so pleased to learn that you are going to spend some time in China.
I recommend you to stay in Beijing,the capital and cultural centre of China.The city enjoys a high reputation for its large quantity of ancient buildings,which represent the traditional local lifestyle.And there are also plenty of museums where precious historic relics are waiting for you to explore.Plus,the Beijing Opera performances there are also what you can’t miss.
I wish you a very happy and meaningful life in China!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

展开更多......

收起↑