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Unit 3 Growing Up 单词解析一
1.deal with 处理，对付
[用法讲解]deal with为动词短语，表示处理，应对或解决某种问题或情况，常与疑问词how连用；其同义词组为do with, deal with与疑问词 what连用。
Eg: They made a deal to share the profits equally.
他们达成了一项协议，平分利润。
I got a good deal on this car.
我买这辆车很划算。
How are you going to deal with these books
= What are you going to do with these books
你打算怎么处理这些书
[即学即用]
我不知道如何处理这辆车
I don't know how to_________ the car.
答案：deal with
2.emotion(名词)情感，情绪
[用法讲解] emotion泛指"情感"概念时为不可数名词；emotion在强调"具体情感"类型时为可数名词，其复数形式为emotions.
Eg: Music has the power to evoke deep emotion.
音乐能唤起人们内心深处的情感。
Love, hatred and grief are emotions.
爱，恨和悲伤都是情感。
[常见搭配] express emotion 表达情感
control one's emotions 控制自己的情绪
mixed emotions 百感交集
negative emotion 负面情绪
a surge of emotion 缺乏情感
Eg: He found it hard to express his emotions.
他发现很难表达自己的情感。
You should learn to control your emotions in difficult situations.
在困难的情况下，你应该学会控制自己的情绪。
She felt mixed emotions when she left her hometown.
她离开家乡时百感交集。
We should learn to manage negative emotions.
我们应学会管理负面情绪。
She felt a surge of emotion when she saw her child.
看到孩子时，她情绪涌动。
[派生词] emotional为形容词，译为"情感的，情绪激动的".
Eg:Mothers are often the ones who provide emotional support for the family
母亲通常是家庭的情感支柱。
[即学即用]
她出国时百感交集。
She felt________________when moving abroad.
答案：mixed emotions
3.upset(形容词)难过的，沮丧的
[用法讲解] upset作形容词，还可译为"(肠胃)不舒服的";upset还可为名词，译为"混乱，麻烦，肠胃病，爆冷门，苦恼"等；upset还可为动词，译为"打翻，使某人苦恼，使肠胃不适".
Eg: She was upset with her colleague for missing the deadline.
她对同事错过截止日期感到难过。
I have an upset stomach today.
我今天胃不舒服。
The recent political upsets have caused much uncertainty.
最近的政治动荡造成了很大的混乱。
The underdog team caused an upset in the final.
弱旅在决赛中爆冷胜出。
The news upset all our plans.
这个消息打乱了我们所有的计划。
The boat upset in the rough waves.
船在汹涌的浪中翻了。
[常见搭配] be upset about/ over/ at sth.因某事感到心烦或焦虑
upset the apple cart 打乱原有计划
Eg: She was upset about the exam results.
她对考试结果感到心烦。
His sudden resignation upset the apple cart.
他的突然辞职打乱了原有计划。
[即学即用]
He felt u________about the unfair treatment.
答案：upset
4.lonely(形容词)孤独的，寂寞的
[用法讲解]lonely也可以表示地点，译为"偏僻的，荒凉的"，在句中常作表语。
Eg: I feel lonely.
我感到孤独。
I live in a lonely village.
我住在一个偏僻的村庄。
[易混辨析] lonely和alone区别
lonely只作形容词，表示"孤独的，寂寞的"，强调内心的孤独感；
alone常为副词，译为"独自地，单独地".
Eg: I am alone, but I don't feel lonely.
我独自一人，但是我不感到孤独。
[即学即用]
( )She practiced for the dance competition_______, but she never feels
A.lonely; lonely B.lonely;alone
C.alone; alone D. alone; lonely
答案：D
5.shocked(形容词)震惊的
[用法讲解] shocked作形容词时，在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: He gave a shocked expression.
他露出震惊的表情。
She was shocked to hear the news.
她听到这个消息时震惊了。
[常见搭配] be shocked at/ by sth. 对某事感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事时感到震惊
look shocked 看起来震惊
Eg:The villagers were shocked at the sudden flood.
村民们对突如其来的洪水感到震惊。
He was shocked to find his car stolen.
他发现自己的车被偷了，感到十分震惊。
The children looked shocked when they saw the giant spider.
孩子们看到那只大蜘蛛时，看起来很震惊。
[派生词] shock为动词，译为"使震惊";shock还可为名词，译为"震惊".
Eg:The sudden loud noise shocked me.
突然的巨响吓了我一跳。
Her death was a great shock to us all.
她的死使我们所有人都感到非常震惊。
[常见搭配] shock sb. into doing sth. 使某人震惊地做某事
in shock 处于震惊状态
Eg: The news shocked him into action.
这个消息使他震惊地采取了行动。
He was still in shock after the accident.
事故发生后，他处于震惊状态。
[即学即用]
She was _______ (shock) at the amount of money he had spent.
答案：shocked
6.alone(副词)独自，单独
[用法讲解] alone修饰动词时，译为"单独，独自";alone修饰名词或代词时，译为"仅仅，只有".
Eg: I like to work alone.
我喜欢独自一人工作。
He alone was in the secret.
只有他一人知道内情。
[常见搭配] leave sb. alone 让某人独处/ 别打扰某人
live alone 独居
Eg: Please leave me alone, I need some time to think.
请让我一个人待会儿，我需要点时间思考。
My grandmother likes to live alone in the countryside.
我奶奶喜欢独居在乡下。
[即学即用]
我需要专注，请别打扰我。
I need to focus, please_______________.
答案：leave me alone
7.control(动词/名词)控制
[用法讲解] control作名词时常为不可数名词。
Eg: The remote control is on the table.
遥控器在桌子上。
She tried to control her anger.
她努力控制自己的愤怒。
[常见搭配] under control 在控制之下
out of control 失控
lose control of... 失去对...的控制
take control of... 控制，接管
in control 掌权，处于控制地位
Eg: The fire was; finally brought under control.
大火最终被控制住了。
The truck skidded and went out of control.
卡车打滑，失去了控制。
He lost control of his car and I had an accident.
他失去了对汽车的控制，出了事故。
The new manager took control of the company last month.
新经理上个月接管了公司。
The manager is in control of the entire project timeline.
经理掌控着整个项目的时间表。
[即学即用]
1.Scientist developed new methods to c________air pollution.
2.军队在48小时内控制了首都。
The army _______________ the capital within 48 hours.
答案：1.control 2.took control of
8.anger(名词)怒火
[用法讲解] anger作名词时为不可数名词； anger还可为动词，译为"使发怒，激怒".
Eg: His face turned red with anger.
他气得满脸通红。
His constant criticism angers me.
他不断的批评让我很生气。
[常见搭配] in anger 生气地，愤怒地
out of anger 处于愤怒
control one's anger控制某人的愤怒
Eg: He shouted in anger when he heard the bad news.
他听到这个坏消息时愤怒地大喊起来。
He did it out of anger, not because he really wanted to.
他这么做是处于愤怒，并非真的想这么做。
You should learn to control your anger in public.
你应该学会在公共场合控制自己的愤怒。
[派生词] angry为形容词，译为"生气的";
angrily为副词，译为"生气地".
Eg: My parents are angry with me now.
我父母现在在和我生气。
The boy shouted angrily.
这个男孩生气地大喊。
[即学即用]
1.She is ________ (anger) about the unfair treatment.
2.她愤怒地离开了房间。
She left the room____________.
答案：1.angry 2.in anger
9.advise(动词)建议，劝告
[常见搭配] advise sb. doing sth. 建议做某事
advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise that 从句 建议...(注意：从句中谓语动词需用(should)+动词原形)
Eg: He advised going by train instead of by plane.
他建议乘火车而不是乘飞机去。
My parents advised me to study hard for the exam.
我父母建议我努力学习备考。
The doctor advised that he should quit smoking.
医生建议他戒烟。
[派生词] advice为不可数名词，译为"建议";
advisable为形容词，译为"明智的，可取的".
Eg: Take my advice and you'll be fine.
听从我的建议，你会没事的。
It is advisable to book tickets in advance.
提前订票是明智的。
[常见搭配] a piece of advice 一条建议
some advice 一些建议
Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English.
我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。
[即学即用]
( )1. My parents gave me a lot of good_____when I was growing up.
A.advice B.advise C.suggestions D.suggest
2. My friend advised me________(visit) Paris instead of Rome this time.
答案：1.A 2.to visit
10.hurtful(形容词)伤感情的
[用法讲解] hurtful在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: She received some hurtful comments from her classmates.
她收到了同学们一些伤人的评论。
What he said was really hurtful.
他说的话真的很伤人。
[常见搭配] be hurtful to sb. 对某人有伤害性
Eg: What you said is really hurtful to me.
你说的话真的很伤我。
[派生词]hurt为动词，译为"伤害";hurt还可为名词，译为"痛苦，伤害";
hurtfully为副词，译为"伤害地";
hurtfulness为名词，译为"伤害性".
Eg: His cruel words hurt her feelings deeply.
他残忍的话深深地伤害了她的感情。
She still felt a hurt when she thought of the past.
当她想起过去时，仍然感到痛苦。
He spoke hurtfully to his sister.
他伤害性地对他妹妹说话。
We should avoid the hurtfulness in our words.
我们应该避免话语中的伤害性。
[即学即用]
Don't use _________ (hurt) words when you're angry. It can really damage your relationships.
答案：hurtful
11.in future 今后，从今以后
[用法讲解] in future在句中常作状语，常用于祈使句中。
Eg: In future, make sure you check your work carefully before submitting it.
今后，在提交作业之前一定要仔细检查。
In future, be more careful with fire.
今后要小心用火。
[易混辨析]In future与in the future区别：
in future侧重于从现在开始的未来时间，强调"今后"或"从今以后"，常用于祈使句中；
in the future侧重于指离现在较远的未来时间，强调"将来"或"未来"，常用于一般将来。
Eg: In future, we should plan our trips more carefully to avoid any unexpected problems.
今后，我们应该更仔细地规划我们的旅行，以避免任何意外问题。
I hope to travel around the world in the future.
我希望将来能环游世界。
[即学即用]
今后，尽量准时参加会议和约会。
________, try to more punctual for meeting and appointments.
答案：In future
12.forgive(动词)原谅，宽恕
[用法讲解] forgive作动词还可译为"免除"，其过去式为forgave;forgive 过去分词为 forgiven.
Eg: I forgive you for what you did.
我原谅你所做的事。
The bank forgave part of his debt.
银行免除了他的一部分债务。
[常见搭配]forgive sb.for sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
forgive and forget 彻底放弃
Eg: Please forgive me for my rudeness.
请原谅我的无礼。
Can you forgive me for forgetting your birthday
你能原谅我忘了你的生日吗
They decided to forgive and forget after the misunderstanding.
误会后，他们选择彻底放下。
[派生词] forgiveness为名词，译为"原谅";
forgivable为形容词，译为"可原谅的".
Eg: She showed great forgiveness towards her enemies.
她对敌人表现出了极大的宽容。
His mistake was forgivable.
他的错误是可以原谅的。
[即学即用]
He_________(forgive) his brother for breaking the vase.
答案：forgave
13.fault(名词)过错，责任
[用法讲解]fault为可数名词，其复数形式为 faults，还可译为"缺点，毛病";fault还可为动词，译为"批评，指责"等。
Eg: It's not my fault that I'm late.
我迟到不是我的错。
The machine has a serious fault and needs to be repaired.
这台机器有一个严重的故障，需要修理。
Everyone has their own faults and weaknesses.
每个人都有自己的缺点和弱点。
The teacher faulted his spelling in the essay.
老师在作文里指出了他的拼写错误。
She always faults others for their small mistakes.
她总是因为别人的一点小错误而指责他们。
[常见搭配] find fault with sb./ sth. 挑剔；指责；找...的茬
at fault 有责任，出毛病，弄错
to a fault 过度地，过分地
by fault 由于错误，错误地
Eg: She is always finding fault with her colleagues.
她总是挑同事的毛病。
Who is at fault for this accident
这次事故是谁的责任
He is generous to a fault.
他慷慨得过分了。
I took your book by fault.
我错误地拿了你的书。
[派生词]faulty为形容词，译为"有错误的，有缺点的".
Eg:This is a faulty product.
这是一个有缺陷的产品。
[即学即用]
1.There are several f________in your composition.
2.她总是对我做事的方式挑三拣四。
She's always_________________the way I do things.
答案：1.faults 2.finding fault with
14.clear the air 尽释前嫌
Eg: We decided to have a frank discussion to clear the air regarding the recent project.
Issues.
我们决定进行一次坦诚的讨论，以消除关于近期项目问题的误会。
The company held a press conference to clear the air about the recent rumors.
公司召开新闻发布会，澄清最近的谣言。
[知识拓展]air在此处为不可数名词，译为"空气，天空，神态，气氛";air还可作动词，译为"晾干，通风，播出"等。
Eg: The air here is very fresh.
这的空气非常清新。
Birds fly in the air.
鸟儿在空中飞翔。
She has an air of confidence.
她有一种自信感。
The old house had an air of mystery.
这座房子有一种神秘的气氛。
The clothes need to air out.
这些衣服需要晾干。
The new series will air next month.
新的剧集下个月播放。
[常见搭配] by air 坐飞机
on the air 在广播中
air the room 给房间通风
Eg: He went to Paris by air.
他坐飞机去了巴黎。
I heard the news on the air.
我在广播中听到了这条消息。
Please air the room before the guests arrive.
在客人到之前，请给房子通通风。
[即学即用]
1.We need fresh__________(空气)to breathe.
2.那次误会后，我们需要消除我们之间的隔阂。
We need to ________________between us after that misunderstanding.
答案：1.air 2.clear the air
15.present(名词)礼物
[用法讲解] present作可数名词时，译为"礼物"，其复数形式为presents;present为不可数名词时，译为"现在"，常与定冠词the连用； present还可为形容词，译为"出席的，目前的"; present还可作动词，译为"赠送，出现，介绍，提交"等。
Eg: We live in the present, not in the past.
我们活在当下，而不是过去。
I bought him a present for his birthday.
我为他生日买了礼物。
There were 100 people present at the meeting.
有100人出席会议。
The present situation is very serious.
目前的情况非常严重。
He presented her with a bouquet of flowers.
他送给他伊苏鲜花。
Please present yourself at:the reception desk.
请到接待处报到。
Let me present you to the president.
让我向你介绍一下总统。
He will present his final report to the committee.
他将向委员会提交他最后的报告。
[常见搭配] at present 目前
for the present 暂时
present sb.with sth. 赠送某人某物
be present at... 出席，参加
Eg: At present, we are focusing on this project.
目前，我们正在专注于这个项目。
We will use this method for the present.
我们将暂时使用这种方法。
He presented her with a beautiful vase.
他送给她一个漂亮的花瓶。
Many important people were present at the conference.
许多重要人物出席了这次会议。
[派生词] presentation为名词，译为"展示，介绍，报告";
presenter为名词，译为"主持人，展示者".
Eg: He gave a wonderful presentation at the meeting.
他在会议上做了一个精彩的报告。
The presenter of the TV S show is very popular.
这个电视节目的主持人很受欢迎。
[即学即用]
I got a nice_______(礼物) on my birthday.
答案：present
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共48张PPT)
Unit 3 Growing Up
八年级
人教2026春
下
单词解析一
1.deal with 处理，对付
[用法讲解]deal with为动词短语，表示处理，应对或解决某种问题或情况，常与疑问词how连用；其同义词组为do with, deal with与疑问词 what连用。
Eg: They made a deal to share the profits equally.
他们达成了一项协议，平分利润。
I got a good deal on this car.
我买这辆车很划算。
How are you going to deal with these books
= What are you going to do with these books
你打算怎么处理这些书
[即学即用]
我不知道如何处理这辆车
I don't know how to_________ the car.
deal with
2.emotion(名词)情感，情绪
[用法讲解] emotion泛指"情感"概念时为不可数名词；emotion在强调"具体情感"类型时为可数名词，其复数形式为emotions.
Eg:Music has thepower to evoke deep emotion.
音乐能唤起人们内心深处的情感。
Love, hatred and grief are emotions.
爱，恨和悲伤都是情感。
[常见搭配]express emotion表达情感
control one's emotions控制自己的情绪
mixed emotions百感交集
negative emotion负面情绪
a surge of emotion缺乏情感
Eg: He found it hard to express his emotions.
他发现很难表达自己的情感。
Youshould learn to controlyour emotions in difficult situations.
在困难的情况下，你应该学会控制自己的情绪。
She felt mixed emotions when she left her hometown.
她离开家乡时百感交集。
We should learn to managenegative emotions.
我们应学会管理负面情绪。
She felt a surge of emotion when she saw her child.
看到孩子时，她情绪涌动。
[派生词] emotional为形容词，译为"情感的，情绪激动的".
Eg:Mothers are often the ones who provide emotional support for the family
母亲通常是家庭的情感支柱。
[即学即用]
她出国时百感交集。
She felt________________when moving abroad.
mixed emotions
3.upset(形容词)难过的，沮丧的
[用法讲解] upset作形容词，还可译为"(肠胃)不舒服的";upset还可为名词，译为"混乱，麻烦，肠胃病，爆冷门，苦恼"等；upset还可为动词，译为"打翻，使某人苦恼，使肠胃不适".
Eg: She was upset with her colleague for missing the deadline.
她对同事错过截止日期感到难过。
I have an upset stomach today.
我今天胃不舒服。
The recent political upsets have caused much uncertainty.
最近的政治动荡造成了很大的混乱。
The underdog team caused an upset in the final.
弱旅在决赛中爆冷胜出。
The news upset all our plans.
这个消息打乱了我们所有的计划。
The boat upset in the rough waves.
船在汹涌的浪中翻了。
[常见搭配] be upset about/ over/ at sth.因某事感到心烦或焦虑
upset the apple cart打乱原有计划
Eg: She was upset about the exam results.
她对考试结果感到心烦。
His sudden resignation upset the apple cart.
他的突然辞职打乱了原有计划。
[即学即用]
He felt u________about the unfair treatment.
pset
4.lonely(形容词)孤独的，寂寞的
[用法讲解]lonely也可以表示地点，译为"偏僻的，荒凉的"，在句中常作表语。
Eg: I feel lonely.
我感到孤独。
I live in a lonely village.
我住在一个偏僻的村庄。
[易混辨析] lonely和alone区别
lonely只作形容词，表示"孤独的，寂寞的"，强调内心的孤独感；
alone常为副词，译为"独自地，单独地".
Eg: I am alone, but I don't feel lonely.
我独自一人，但是我不感到孤独。
[即学即用]
( )She practiced forthe dance competition_______, but she never feels
A.lonely; lonelyB.lonely;alone
C.alone; aloneD. alone; lonely
D
5.shocked(形容词)震惊的
[用法讲解]shocked作形容词时，在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: He gave a shocked expression.
他露出震惊的表情。
She was shocked to hear the news.
她听到这个消息时震惊了。
[常见搭配]be shocked at/ by sth.对某事感到震惊
be shocked to do sth.做某事时感到震惊
look shocked看起来震惊
Eg:The villagers were shocked at thesudden flood.
村民们对突如其来的洪水感到震惊。
He was shocked to find his car stolen.
他发现自己的车被偷了，感到十分震惊。
The children looked shocked when they saw the giant spider.
孩子们看到那只大蜘蛛时，看起来很震惊。
[派生词] shock为动词，译为"使震惊";shock还可为名词，译为"震惊".
Eg:The sudden loud noise shocked me.
突然的巨响吓了我一跳。
Her death was a great shock to us all.
她的死使我们所有人都感到非常震惊。
[常见搭配]shock sb. into doing sth.使某人震惊地做某事
in shock处于震惊状态
Eg: The news shocked him into action.
这个消息使他震惊地采取了行动。
He was still in shock after the accident.
事故发生后，他处于震惊状态。
[即学即用]
She was _______ (shock) at the amount of money he had spent.
shocked
6.alone(副词)独自，单独
[用法讲解] alone修饰动词时，译为"单独，独自";alone修饰名词或代词时，译为"仅仅，只有".
Eg: I like to work alone.
我喜欢独自一人工作。
He alone was in the secret.
只有他一人知道内情。
[常见搭配]leave sb. alone让某人独处/别打扰某人
live alone独居
Eg: Please leave me alone, I need some time to think.
请让我一个人待会儿，我需要点时间思考。
My grandmother likes to live alone in the countryside.
我奶奶喜欢独居在乡下。
[即学即用]
我需要专注，请别打扰我。
I need to focus, please_______________.
leave me alone
7.control(动词/名词)控制
[用法讲解] control作名词时常为不可数名词。
Eg: The remote control is on the table.
遥控器在桌子上。
She tried to control her anger.
她努力控制自己的愤怒。
[常见搭配]under control在控制之下
out of control失控
lose control of...失去对...的控制
take control of...控制，接管
in control掌权，处于控制地位
Eg: The fire was; finally brought under control.
大火最终被控制住了。
The truck skidded and went out of control.
卡车打滑，失去了控制。
He lost control of his car and I had an accident.
他失去了对汽车的控制，出了事故。
The new managertook control of thecompany last month.
新经理上个月接管了公司。
The manager is in control of the entire project timeline.
经理掌控着整个项目的时间表。
[即学即用]
1.Scientist developed new methods to c________air pollution.
2.军队在48小时内控制了首都。
The army _______________ the capital within 48 hours.
ontrol
took control of
8.anger(名词)怒火
[用法讲解] anger作名词时为不可数名词； anger还可为动词，译为"使发怒，激怒".
Eg: His face turned red with anger.
他气得满脸通红。
His constant criticism angers me.
他不断的批评让我很生气。
[常见搭配]in anger生气地，愤怒地
out of anger处于愤怒
control one's anger控制某人的愤怒
Eg: He shouted in anger when he heard the bad news.
他听到这个坏消息时愤怒地大喊起来。
He did it out of anger, not because he really wanted to.
他这么做是处于愤怒，并非真的想这么做。
You should learn to control your anger in public.
你应该学会在公共场合控制自己的愤怒。
[派生词]angry为形容词，译为"生气的";
angrily为副词，译为"生气地".
Eg: My parents are angry with me now.
我父母现在在和我生气。
The boy shouted angrily.
这个男孩生气地大喊。
[即学即用]
1.She is ________ (anger) about the unfair treatment.
2.她愤怒地离开了房间。
She left the room____________.
angry
in anger
9.advise(动词)建议，劝告
[常见搭配]advise sb. doing sth.建议做某事
advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise that 从句建议...(注意：从句中谓语动词需用(should)+动词原形)
Eg: He advised going by train instead of by plane.
他建议乘火车而不是乘飞机去。
My parents advised me to study hard for the exam.
我父母建议我努力学习备考。
Thedoctor advised that he should quit smoking.
医生建议他戒烟。
[派生词]advice为不可数名词，译为"建议";
advisable为形容词，译为"明智的，可取的".
Eg: Take my advice and you'll be fine.
听从我的建议，你会没事的。
It is advisable to book tickets in advance.
提前订票是明智的。
[常见搭配]a piece of advice一条建议
some advice一些建议
Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English.
我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。
[即学即用]
( )1. My parents gave me a lot of good_____when I was growing up.
A.advice B.advise C.suggestions D.suggest
2. My friend advised me________(visit) Paris instead of Rome this time.
A
to visit
10.hurtful(形容词)伤感情的
[用法讲解]hurtful在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: She received some hurtful comments from her classmates.
她收到了同学们一些伤人的评论。
What he said was really hurtful.
他说的话真的很伤人。
[常见搭配] be hurtful to sb.对某人有伤害性
Eg: What you said is really hurtful to me.
你说的话真的很伤我。
[派生词]hurt为动词，译为"伤害";hurt还可为名词，译为"痛苦，伤害";
hurtfully为副词，译为"伤害地";
hurtfulness为名词，译为"伤害性".
Eg: His cruelwords hurt her feelings deeply.
他残忍的话深深地伤害了她的感情。
She still felt a hurt when she thought of the past.
当她想起过去时，仍然感到痛苦。
He spoke hurtfully to his sister.
他伤害性地对他妹妹说话。
We should avoid the hurtfulness in our words.
我们应该避免话语中的伤害性。
[即学即用]
Don't use _________ (hurt) words when you're angry. It can really damage your relationships.
hurtful
11.in future 今后，从今以后
[用法讲解]in future在句中常作状语，常用于祈使句中。
Eg: In future, make sure you check your work carefully before submitting it.
今后，在提交作业之前一定要仔细检查。
In future, be more careful with fire.
今后要小心用火。
[易混辨析]In future与in the future区别：
in future侧重于从现在开始的未来时间，强调"今后"或"从今以后"，常用于祈使句中；
in the future侧重于指离现在较远的未来时间，强调"将来"或"未来"，常用于一般将来。
Eg: In future, we should plan our trips more carefully to avoid any unexpected problems.
今后，我们应该更仔细地规划我们的旅行，以避免任何意外问题。
I hope to travel around the world in the future.
我希望将来能环游世界。
[即学即用]
今后，尽量准时参加会议和约会。
________, try to more punctual for meeting and appointments.
In future
12.forgive(动词)原谅，宽恕
[用法讲解]forgive作动词还可译为"免除"，其过去式为forgave;forgive 过去分词为 forgiven.
Eg: I forgive you for what you did.
我原谅你所做的事。
The bank forgave part of his debt.
银行免除了他的一部分债务。
[常见搭配]forgive sb.for sth.原谅某人某事
forgive sb. for doing sth.原谅某人做某事
forgive and forget彻底放弃
Eg: Please forgive me for my rudeness.
请原谅我的无礼。
Can you forgive me for forgetting your birthday
你能原谅我忘了你的生日吗
They decided to forgive and forget after the misunderstanding.
误会后，他们选择彻底放下。
[派生词] forgiveness为名词，译为"原谅";
forgivable为形容词，译为"可原谅的".
Eg: She showed great forgiveness towards her enemies.
她对敌人表现出了极大的宽容。
His mistake was forgivable.
他的错误是可以原谅的。
[即学即用]
He_________(forgive)his brother for breaking the vase.
forgave
13.fault(名词)过错，责任
[用法讲解]fault为可数名词，其复数形式为 faults，还可译为"缺点，毛病";fault还可为动词，译为"批评，指责"等。
Eg: It's not my fault that I'm late.
我迟到不是我的错。
The machine has a serious fault and needs to be repaired.
这台机器有一个严重的故障，需要修理。
Everyone hastheir own faults and weaknesses.
每个人都有自己的缺点和弱点。
The teacher faulted his spelling in the essay.
老师在作文里指出了他的拼写错误。
She always faults others for their small mistakes.
她总是因为别人的一点小错误而指责他们。
[常见搭配]find fault with sb./ sth.挑剔；指责；找...的茬
at fault有责任，出毛病，弄错
to a fault过度地，过分地
by fault由于错误，错误地
Eg: She is always finding fault with her colleagues.
她总是挑同事的毛病。
Who is at fault for this accident
这次事故是谁的责任
He is generous to a fault.
他慷慨得过分了。
I took your book by fault.
我错误地拿了你的书。
[派生词]faulty为形容词，译为"有错误的，有缺点的".
Eg:This is a faulty product.
这是一个有缺陷的产品。
[即学即用]
1.There are several f________inyour composition.
2.她总是对我做事的方式挑三拣四。
She's always_________________the way I do things.
aults
finding fault with
14.clear the air 尽释前嫌
Eg: We decided to have a frank discussion to clear the air regarding the recent project.
Issues.
我们决定进行一次坦诚的讨论，以消除关于近期项目问题的误会。
The company held a press conference to clear the air about the recent rumors.
公司召开新闻发布会，澄清最近的谣言。
[知识拓展]air在此处为不可数名词，译为"空气，天空，神态，气氛";air还可作动词，译为"晾干，通风，播出"等。
Eg: The air here is very fresh.
这的空气非常清新。
Birds fly in the air.
鸟儿在空中飞翔。
She has an air of confidence.
她有一种自信感。
The old house had an air of mystery.
这座房子有一种神秘的气氛。
The clothes need to air out.
这些衣服需要晾干。
The new series will air next month.
新的剧集下个月播放。
[常见搭配]by air坐飞机
on the air在广播中
air the room给房间通风
Eg: He went to Paris by air.
他坐飞机去了巴黎。
I heard the news on the air.
我在广播中听到了这条消息。
Please air theroom before the guestsarrive.
在客人到之前，请给房子通通风。
[即学即用]
1.We need fresh__________(空气)to breathe.
2.那次误会后，我们需要消除我们之间的隔阂。
We need to ________________between usafter that misunderstanding.
air
clear the air
15.present(名词)礼物
[用法讲解] present作可数名词时，译为"礼物"，其复数形式为presents;present为不可数名词时，译为"现在"，常与定冠词the连用； present还可为形容词，译为"出席的，目前的"; present还可作动词，译为"赠送，出现，介绍，提交"等。
Eg: We live in the present, not in the past.
我们活在当下，而不是过去。
I bought him a present for his birthday.
我为他生日买了礼物。
There were 100 peoplepresent at themeeting.
有100人出席会议。
The present situation is very serious.
目前的情况非常严重。
He presented her with a bouquet of flowers.
他送给他伊苏鲜花。
Please present yourself at:the reception desk.
请到接待处报到。
Let me present you to the president.
让我向你介绍一下总统。
He will present his final report to the committee.
他将向委员会提交他最后的报告。
[常见搭配]at present目前
for the present暂时
present sb.with sth.赠送某人某物
be present at...出席，参加
Eg: At present, we are focusing on this project.
目前，我们正在专注于这个项目。
We will use this method for the present.
我们将暂时使用这种方法。
He presented her with a beautiful vase.
他送给她一个漂亮的花瓶。
Many important people were present at the conference.
许多重要人物出席了这次会议。
[派生词]presentation为名词，译为"展示，介绍，报告";
presenter为名词，译为"主持人，展示者".
Eg: He gave a wonderful presentation at the meeting.
他在会议上做了一个精彩的报告。
The presenter of the TV S show is very popular.
这个电视节目的主持人很受欢迎。
[即学即用]
I got a nice_______(礼物) on my birthday.
present
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