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定语从句
系统讲解篇
What is the attribute
（什么是定语？）
01
一、What is the attribute
一、What is the attribute
定语：给所修饰的名词（人、物）
下定义
Eg：Mary is a good teacher.
玛丽一个好老师。
（什么样的老师）？
——一个好的老师）
定语的百度定义：
用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
汉语翻译中中常用，“......的”表示。
What is the attribute clause
（什么是定语从句？）
02
They have flowers which were bought yesterday.
他们有昨天买的花。
二、What is the attribute clause
和我爸爸聊天的男人是个老板。
The man who is talking with my father is a boss.
用来修饰限定名词或者代词的句子就是定语从句，翻译过来为“……的”。
二、What is the attribute clause
Mary likes the book (that is full of good stories).
被修饰的名词
引导定语从句
定语从句
译文：玛丽喜欢这本（满是好故事的）书。
被修饰的名词
引导词
定语从句
John likes the schoolbag which ia his birthday’s present.
定语从句的结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
观察下列例句，总结出定语从句的结构。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
that, which, who, whom, whose
where, when，why
关系代词
（主语/宾语/定语）
关系副词
（状语）
关系词的作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在从句中充当句子成分。根据关系词在从句中充当的句子成分，关系词可以分为：关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词
03
1. who指人，在从句中做主语
1)The boys ____are playing soccer are from Class 1.
2)Yesterday I helped an old man ____lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person _____________you talked about.
2) The man ______________you met just now is my friend.
(whom/who)
who/whom
who
who
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
1) The people __________come to visit the city are all here. (做主语)
2) Where is the man __________________I saw this morning (做宾语)
做主语
做宾语
that/who
that/whom/who
5. whose指人/物(先行词...的)，在定语从句中做定语。
This homework whose author is Tony is heartbreaking.
定语（物）
Miss Yang is an English teacher whose students don’t like English.
定语（人）
定语从句的关系代词
关系代词 可指代 从句中的成分
who
whom
which
that
whose
人
主语、宾语
人
宾语
物
主语、宾语
人、物
主语、宾语
人、物
定语
如何正确选择关系词
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
找到先行词
先行词代指人还是物
从句中缺少什么成分
选定恰当的关系词
口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物
后看从句里, 有无主宾语
关系副词
04
关系副词的用法
1.观察先行词有什么特点？
2.从句中缺少什么成分？
1. This is the house 地点 where I lived 20 years ago 地点状语.
2. I still remember the day when I first met him.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me 的原因
如何选择关系代词OR关系副词
① 从句缺少主、宾、定
关系代词
关系副词
② 从句缺状语：时间，地点，原因
课后练习
05
概念填空
1. 构成要素
先行词:被定语从句修饰的 ______ 或 ______
关系词:分为________ 和________
定语从句:修饰 ____或 _____的从句,一般紧跟在______的后面。
2. 结构： ______词+______词+从句
3. 分类：____________ 和 非限制性定语从句
4.应用：可以用来描述_______ 和_______
5.翻译：“……的”
名词
代词
名词
代词
关系副词
关系代词
先行词
关系
先行
事物
人物
限制性
1. Do you still remember the earthquake ___________ happened ten years ago
2. It is a good choice for tourists ________ prefer visiting places of historical interest.
3. There was a time ______ my daughter was crazy about pop music.
4. I like those books ____________ topics are about history.
5. Any student ____________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
which/that
who/ that
when
whose
whose
基础训练
1. The old temple ___ the roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A. where B. of which C. its D. whose
2. Workaholic as I am, I really hate a job___ I have to work 7 days a week.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
3. The Great Wall is the place ___ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.
A. why B. that C. when D. where
基础训练
D
D
B
4.. The old town has narrow streets and small houses ___ are built close to each other.
A. they B. where C. what D. that
5. The old temple ___ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A.where B. of which C. its D. whose
基础训练
D
D
THANKS

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