资源简介

(共24张PPT)
英 语
1
基础模块
Unit 2
Transportation
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Culture Understanding（1）
文化认同
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北方人指路喜欢用东南西北，而南方人指路喜欢用前后左右。
北京等北方城市，人们极具“东西南北”的方位感跟北京的中轴线有关，而南方多丘陵湖海，城市沿河沿海沿山而建，道路比较弯曲，用“前后左右”比较好理解。
When giving directions, people in the north prefer such words as south, north, east and west, while the southerners would rather use the words -front, behind, left and right.
Such northern cities as Beijing holds city axis, so people there boast great sense of direction. Whereas cities in the south are mostly built along rivers, coasts with not so straight roads, people are easy to use the words-front, behind, left and right.
Welcome to my class. Let’ s learn the differentculture of Chinese giving directions.
让我们一起来了解独具特色的中国指路文化。
一个城市的建造特点决定人们的生活方式和行为方式，北京的中轴线决定了整个城市的形态，因为以它为中心的两侧分布都是对称的，体现了一种秩序；而南方的蜿蜒曲折、曲径通幽、苍山洱海的形态，体现了一种变通。
People’s lifestyles and behaviors often rely on the city’s construction feature. The city axis in Beijing forms its feature-everything on both sides are symmetric, which reflects an order. The winding path ,mountains and sea in the southern cities embodies their flexibility.
The discrepancy in giving directions of Southerners and northerners embodies the cultural diversity.
从中国南北方问路差异看中国文化的多样性。
这就造成在这样一个大的环境背景下自然而然地形成相应的语境，从而形成相应的生活、行为方式，所以生活、行为方式也是城市文化的一种，也是历史的延续，体现了我国文化的多样性。
It’s easy to form various contexts in different cities, which composes relative lifestyles and behaviors, reflecting the city’s culture and history. Such discrepancy presents the cultural diversity of our country.
The discrepancy in giving directions of Southerners and northerners embodies the cultural diversity.
从中国南北方问路差异看中国文化的多样性。
Left or West, Miles or Minutes
When you ask for directions, answers may vary (变化) in different places. In northern China, people usually give directions with “go east” or “go west”, because most northern cities were built on plains (平原), which makes it easy to tell the directions. But Tianjin is one exception (例外). People there normally (通常) use “turn left” or “turn right”, just like the southerners do. It is because many main roads in Tianjin run along the Haihe River, which makes directions hard to tell. When it comes to (当谈到) distance, people from the Midwest of the US always use miles, while in the southwest of the States you would probably (很可能) hear “it’s just about 10 minutes’ walk”.
Nowadays, more and more people are getting used to using map apps for directions. It is much more convenient with timely updates and en-route directions (在途导航). However, sometimes you still need to ask a real person for directions.
go east\ go west
turn left\ turn right
about … miles
about 10 minutes’ walk
en-route directions
Is it necessary for us to choose green means of transportation
Please list some reasons for your choice.
Culture Understanding（2）
文化认同
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Left or West, Miles or Minutes
When you ask for directions, answers may vary (变化) in different places. In northern China, people usually give directions with “go east” or “go west”, because most northern cities were built on plains (平原), which makes it easy to tell the directions. But Tianjin is one exception (例外). People there normally (通常) use “turn left” or “turn right”, just like the southerners do. It is because many main roads in Tianjin run along the Haihe River, which makes directions hard to tell. When it comes to (当谈到) distance, people from the Midwest of the US always use miles, while in the southwest of the States you would probably (很可能) hear “it’s just about 10 minutes’ walk”.
Nowadays, more and more people are getting used to using map apps for directions. It is much more convenient with timely updates and en-route directions (在途导航). However, sometimes you still need to ask a real person for directions.
Left or West, Miles or Minutes
向左还是向西，走几英里还是走几分钟
标题 对仗押韵
英文中也有对仗和押韵，一般押头韵和尾韵
e.g. rain, rain ,go away, come again another day.
forget and forgive.
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
When you ask for directions, answers may vary (变化) in different places.
当你问路时，不同地方的人给出的答案可能各不相同。
主干句： answers may vary. 答案各不相同
When you ask for directions 时间状语从句
in different places 地点状语
vary 变化（动词）=differ various 各种各样的（形容词）
variation 变化（名词） variety 多种多样（名词）
e.g. The menu varies with the seasons. 菜单随季节而变动。
The prices vary widely. 价格变动很大。
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
In northern China, people usually give directions with “go east” or “go west”, because most northern cities were built on plains (平原), which makes it easy to tell the directions.
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
在我国北方，人们通常用 “向东走，或“向西去”来指路，因为大多数北方城市都建在平原上，很容易辨别方向。
主干句：people usually give directions
In northern China 地点状语
with “go east” or “go west” 方式状语
because most northern cities were built on plains (平原) 原因状语从句
which makes it easy to tell the directions. 做plains (平原)的定语从句
makes it easy to tell the directions. it 做形式宾语
当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。(常见动词think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）
e.g. They found it pleasant to work with us. 他们发现跟我们一起工作很愉快。
I don't feel it difficult to understand English.我觉得理解英语并不难。
plain 平原 mountain 高山 ocean 海洋 plateau 高原
desert 沙漠 wetland湿地 prairie草原 forest 森林
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
People there normally (通常) use “turn left” or “turn right”, just like the southerners do.
那里的人通常说 ‘左拐” 或“右转”，就像南方人一样。
主干句：people use “turn left” or “turn right”
normally 通常 =usually
just like the southerners do. just like 正如、就像， 连词
e.g. people are walking in the park, just like they do every weekends.
人们在公园里散步，就像他们每个周末做的一样。
Just like we said just now. 就好像我们刚才说的。
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
It is because many main roads in Tianjin run along the Haihe River, which makes directions hard to tell.
这是因为天津的许多主要道路都是沿着海河走向修建的，这样很难辨别方向（海河流向非正南正北）。
本句为强调句：It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)...
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
e.g. It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.
这是因为水位上涨使得他们无法过河。
It was on Monday night that all this happened.所有这一切发生在周一晚上。
It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.就在昨天他遇到了李平。
tell
辨别之意
When it comes to (当谈到) distance, people from the Midwest of the US always use miles, while in the southwest of the States you would probably (很可能) hear “it’s just about 10 minutes’ walk”.
当谈到距离时，美国中西部的人们通常使用英里（1 英里约为 1.6 千米）；而在美国西南部，你可能会听到 “步行大约 10分钟”。
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
主干句：people use miles, while you would hear “it’s just about 10 minutes’ walk”.
When it comes to (当谈到) distance 时间状语从句
= in terms of= as far as something is concerned
When it comes to music, she is an expert.
说到音乐，她是个专家。
When it comes to pollution, the factory is a major problem.
说到污染，这家工厂是主要问题。
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
e.g.
from the Midwest of the US \ in the southwest of the States
地点状语 while 表示对比，“而”
Nowadays, more and more people are getting used to using map apps for directions.
如今，越来越多的人开始习惯使用手机地图应用软件来导航。
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
more and more 越来越多
get used to doing sth 习惯做某事
map apps手机地图应用软件
It is much more convenient with timely updates and en-route directions (在途导航).
这种应用软件可以时时更新并具有在途导航功能，十分方便。
Let’s learn the detailed information about giving directions in China and in the United States,and learn about the useful expressions.让我们学习中美指路的具体差异以及句式表达法。
timely =well-timed 适时的
update =refresh 更新
en-route directions (在途导航)
Let’s check the translation of the whole passage.
查看全文译文
当你问路时，不同地方的人给出的答案可能各不相同。在我国北方，人们通常用 “向东走，或“向西去”来指路，因为大多数北方城市都建在平原上，很容易辨别方向。但天津是个例外。那里的人通常说 ‘左拐” 或“右转”，就像南方人一样。这是因为天津的许多主要道路都是沿着海河走向修建的，这样很难辨别方向（海河流向非正南正北）。
当谈到距离时，美国中西部的人们通常使用英里（1 英里约为 1.6 千米）；而在美国西南部，你可能会听到 “步行大约 10分钟”。
如今，越来越多的人开始习惯使用手机地图应用软件来导航。这种应用软件可以时时更新并具有在途导航功能，十分方便。然而，有时你还是需要向真人问路。
Let’s check the translation of the whole passage.
查看全文译文
科技的进步拉近了世界彼此的距离，但我们要牢记-地球只有一个，我们要爱护我们的地球，尽量乘坐公共交通工具，采用绿色出行方式，为保护地球贡献一份力量。

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