资源简介

(共19张PPT)
Unit4 Natural Disasters
summary writing
Reading for Writing
Learning Objectives
In this class, you will
1. learn how to write a summary.
2. conclude the methods to rewrite a sentence.
3. write a summary.
Lead-in
2019 浙江卷
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
第二节 概要写作（满分25分）
概要写作
提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要（满分25分，词数少于40词和多余80词，从总分中减去2分）。所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
概要写作考查学生的综合语言运用能力，即阅读能力、分析查找能力、逻辑思维能力、理解判断能力及概括能力等。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体。
①对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；
②应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；
③上下文的连贯性；
④对各要点表达的独立性情况。
任务要求
考察要点
评分参考
write a summary for the text on page 50
记叙文narration
说明文exposition
议论文argumentation
人物+时间+地点+事件 （起因+结果）故事、日记、新闻报道、游记等
描写某事物的性质功用。即：对象+性质功用+利好；
针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即：问题+解决方法；
介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即：现象+原因+结果
论点+论据（+结论）
确定文体
Step1 Read the text
T
para.1 a. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. Later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
para.2 b. But hope was not lost. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
para.3 c. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
para.4 d. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
para.5 e. At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
读
para.1 a. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. Later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
para.2 b. But hope was not lost. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
para.3 c. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
para.4 d. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
para.5 e. At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
Supporting Sentences
para1. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
para2. At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
para3. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. Later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
para4. But hope was not lost. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
para5. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
Step 2 Make an outline
supporting sentences
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
列
Topic
同义词转换
para1: Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
Step 3 Rewrite topic sentences
Synonym
同义词转换
strange → unusual
happen → take place
but → Yet
asleep→ sleep
strange things were happening→ There were unusual things taking place
Sentence pattern句式转换
Synonym同义替换
改
Part of speech词性转换
There were unusual things taking place in the rural area located in the northeast of Hebei. Yet, 1,000,000 citizens were sleeping like any other nights.
para2. At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
At 3:42a.m., nothing stood still. Within seconds, a big city was destroyed. Most people living in Tangshan were killed or got injured.
everything→ nothing
shake→ still
Antonym
反义替换
Step 3 Rewrite topic sentences
改
para3. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. Later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
Tangshan was almost________________. In the same afternoon, the city _____________ by a _________ earthquake one more time .
Step 3 Rewrite topic sentences
改
para4. But hope was not lost. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
__________, people were still ___________. ________________ people got help from soldiers, doctors and nurses, and workers.
Step 3 Rewrite topic sentences
改
同义词转换
para5. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
Step 3 Rewrite topic sentences
改
Useful Transitional Words
时间顺序:at the beginning, then, later, afterwards, since then, immediately, meanwhile, finally, at last, in the end,
转折关系:but, yet, however, nevertheless, while, otherwise, on the contrary
因果关系:because, as, since, for, thanks to, due to, so, therefore, as a result/consequence
递进关系:besides, what’s more, moreover, what’s worse, worse still, to make matters worse, more importantly
并列关系:and, or, as well as, not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not...but...
Step 4 Make it coherent
写
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
There were unusual things taking place in the rural area located in the northeast of Hebei. Yet, 1,000,000 citizens were sleeping like any other nights. ( ), at 3:42a.m., nothing stood still. Within seconds, a big city was destroyed. Most people living in Tangshan were killed or got injured. ( )Tangshan was almost _______________. ( ), in the same afternoon, the city _____________ by a _________ earthquake one more time. ( ), people were still ___________, ( ) ________________ people got help from soldiers, doctors and nurses, and workers. ( ), ____________________________________________________________________________.
Step 4 Make it coherent
写
one possible version
There were unusual things taking place in the rural area, a place located in the northeast of Hebei. Yet, 1,000,000 citizens were sleeping like any other nights. (Afterwards), at 3:42a.m., nothing stood still. Within seconds, a big city was completely destroyed. Most people living in Tangshan were killed or got injured. (And) Tangshan was almost covered with ruins. (Even worse), in the same afternoon, the city was hit by a powerful earthquake one more time. (However), people were still hopeful, (because) a great many people got help from soldiers, doctors and nurses, and workers. (As a consequence), the earthquake-stricken city came back to life, restored vitality and bettered off.
Step 5 Revise & copy the summary
定
读
Steps of summary writing:
列
改
写
定
synonym
同义替换
antonym
反义替换
part of speech
词性转换
sentence pattern
句式转换
Methods of rewriting a topic sentence:
What have we learned in this class
Homework
1. Be a judge and choose the best summary of the class, and then put it up on the wall for everyone to learn.
2. Read the passage on page 92 and write a summary.

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