资源简介

(共47张PPT)
人教版英语八年级下册
Part A
UNIT 6 Crossing Cultures
BIG Question How do we communicate with people from different cultures
Look and share
1.What Chinese cultural elements can you see in the photo
2.Do you think the girl in the photo likes to learn about Chinese culture How do you know
Crossing Cultures
In this unit,you will
1.talk about different customs around the world.
2.describe customs and explain what they mean.
3.use adverbial clauses withs...that,unless,and as soon as to show result,condition,or time.
4.understand cultural ifferences and know how to behave in different cultures.
shake hands握手
·例句：He shook my hand warmly when we met.（我们见面时，他热情地和我握了手。）
·语法知识点：不规则动词，过去式 shook / k/，过去分词 shaken / e k n/
·短语：shake hands (with sb.) （与某人）握手；shake up 使震惊；
1a短语
bump fists
例句：When they meet at the party ,they smiled and bumped fists.
释义：和某人碰拳。
bump fists with sb.
hug用法讲解
·hug /h ɡ/ v.&n. 拥抱
例句：They hugged each other tightly when they met again.（他们重逢时紧紧相拥。）
hug用法讲解
·hug /h ɡ/ v.&n. 拥抱
。
·短语：give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱；hug oneself 暗自庆幸
1a短语
bow用法讲解
·bow /ba / v.&n. 鞠躬
·例句：She bowed to the audience after her performance.
（她表演结束后向观众鞠躬。）
·语法知识点：作动词时为规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为 bowed；作名词时为可数名词，复数形式 bows
·短语：bow down to 屈服于；鞠躬致敬
kiss cheeks 词性：动词短语，
People in some European countries often kiss cheeks when they meet for the first time.
kiss sb. on the cheek
kiss cheeks 是口语化的动词短语，意为亲吻脸颊，是表达友好、亲昵或礼节性问候的肢体动作，常见于部分西方文化的社交场景。
rub noses
rub noses with sb.（表示“和某人蹭鼻子行礼/亲昵”）
The Maori people in New Zealand rub noses as a traditional greeting.
How different are our cultures
CTI o.A How different are our cultures
Match the greetings with the pictures.
D_shake hands C _bow B bump fists
F rub noses A kiss cheeks E hug
52 UNIT 6
SectionA, Ib and lc
Conversation 1
Anna: Hi Kaito!You're new here,right I'm Anna Brown,one of your teachers.Pleased to meet you...Oh!
Kaito: What's wrong,Ms Brown
Anna: Sorry,your bow surprised me.We usually just
say"hello"or shake hands in the US!
Kaito: That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
语法功能：动词短语，表“握手”，为固定搭配，hand 必须用复数形式。
常见搭配：shake\ hands\ with\ sb.（和某人握手）

限定词短语，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。
结构：one\ of + 复数名词/代词
例句：She is one of my best friends.（她是我最好的朋友之一。）
连词短语，引导时间状语从句，表“一……就……”。
时态规则：主句用一般现在时/将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）；主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。
文本原句：In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.（在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。）（主、从句均为一般现在时）
Conversation 2
Harry: Hello!You're Li Tong,right I′m Harry.We're in the same science class.
Li Tong:Oh,hi,Harry!...Sorry,should we shake hands How do you greet others in the UK
Harry: We could,but it's a little formal.Usually we just say"hello".
Li Tong:Do you kiss others on the cheek
Harry: We hug sometimes,but we don't usually kiss to say hello.We
don’t bow either.That's so formal that we only do it at special times.
Li Tong:Wow!I thought people in the UK were very formal.
详见下页ppt用法
either 一、作形容词：“两者中的任意一个”结构：either + 单数名词
例句：You can choose either side of the table to sit.（你可以选桌子任意一边坐）
注意：后接名词必须用单数，不能接复数。
二、作代词：“两者中的任何一个/双方中的每一方”
1. 基本用法：单独使用或接of短语（either\ of + 复数名词/代词），谓语动词用单数。例：Either of the greetings is polite in this culture.（两种问候方式在该文化中都礼貌）2. 否定场景：与否定词连用表“两者都不”（较少见，常用neither替代）。例：I don't like either of the customs.（这两种习俗我都不喜欢）
三、作副词：“也（不）”用于否定句末尾，替代肯定句中的too/also。
结构：... , either. 例句：We don't bow to teachers in the US, either.（在美国，我们也不对老师鞠躬） 对比：She bows to teachers in Japan, too.（肯定句用too）四、作连词：“或者；要么” 固定搭配：either...or...（要么……要么……），连接两个并列成分。 语法规则：遵循就近原则，谓语动词的单复数与靠近的主语一致。
详见下页ppt用法
Modals
Cambridge University Press 2022
of obligation
Cambridge University Press 2022
You
stop
at a red light.
must
Cambridge University Press 2022
You
18
have to
be over 18
to see the film.
Cambridge University Press 2022
You
must
take
photos.
n’t
Cambridge University Press 2022
You
have to
to enter the museum.
don’t
pay
Museum
Mondays
Free Entry
Cambridge University Press 2022
He
go to the hospital.
should
Cambridge University Press 2022
He
should
draw on the wall.
n’t
Cambridge University Press 2022
Can you remember the rules
Use must and have to to say ‘this is necessary’:
You must / have to stop at the red light.
Use don’t have to to say ‘this isn’t necessary’:
You don’t have to go to school on Sundays.
Use mustn’t to say ‘don’t do this’:
You mustn’t walk on the grass.
Use should to say ‘it’s a good idea’:
You should go to the doctor.
Use shouldn’t to say ‘it’s not a good idea’:
You shouldn’t go to bed late.
Cambridge University Press 2022
Speaking
Well, I think we have to …
I think we should …
We mustn’t … , because …
Discuss the options in groups and choose. Then talk as a class and move onto the next card.
I ____ go now, or I'll miss my train.
can
might
must
could
—____ I hand in the report today
—No, you needn't.
Can
Must
Shall
Could
—Jack, ____ you ride a bike
—Yes, I can.
must
may
need
can
—Must I finish reading the book today, Mr. Brown
—No, you ____. You can finish it in two days.
needn’t
mustn’t
can’t
couldn’t
Conversation 3
Bob: Hey Ji-Hoon,meet Marie.She's from France.
Marie: Hi Ji-Hoon,nice to meet you ...Oh,don’t look so embarrassed!
Ji-Hoon:It's embarrassing!In Korean culture,we don't usually kiss people
unless welove them.
Marie: In France we kiss friends on the cheek to say hello!
核心记忆口诀
-ed：人感到……（embarrassed → 人感到尴尬）
-ing：物令人……（embarrassing → 事令人尴尬）
修饰对象：人（或人的感受、表情、心理状态） 常用搭配：be embarrassed about/at sth.（因某事感到尴尬）、feel embarrassed
embarrassing（形容词）
含义：令人尴尬的、使人难堪的
修饰对象：事物、场景、事件（能引发尴尬的人或物也可）
常用搭配：an embarrassing situation/moment（尴尬的场景/时刻）
Listen to three conversations at a party.Match the guests with their feelings.
Share your ideas on why they have these feelings.
1.Anna A.embarrassed
2.Li Tong B.surprised
3.Ji-Hoon C.confused
Sorry,your bow surprised
me.We usually just
say"hello"or shake hands in the US!
That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Listen again.Complete the table with the common greetings in each country.
Anna (US) Kaito (Japan) Harry (UK)
Marie
(France)
shake hands bow shake hands kiss cheeks
52 UNIT 6
Choose two characters from 1b and 1c.Role-play meeting each other.
● How do you greet people in ...
● Is it common to greet others by...
● We usually ...to say hello.
● We don't/never ...because it's too formal/not formal enough.
52 UNIT 6
Crossing Cultures
China
Japan
UK
How do you greet people in China
We usually shake hands or nod our heads to say hello. Is it common to greet others by hugging in China
We don't hug strangers because it's not formal enough for us. How about in America
We often hug or high-five our friends to say hello, but we shake hands with strangers.
How do you greet people in Japan
We usually bow slightly to show respect. Is it common to hug when meeting someone in Japan
We don’t hug people we don’t know well because it’s too intimate for us. How about in America
We often hug or high - five our close friends, but we just shake hands with strangers or colleagues.
A
B
France
Crossing Cultures
China
Japan
UK
How do you greet people in the UK then
We mostly shake hands with a gentle grip when meeting for the first time. Is it polite to stand very close while greeting in the UK
We don’t stand too close to others when greeting, because we value personal space a lot. How about in France
We usually shake hands briefly with acquaintances, and we give light cheek kisses to good friends—usually twice, once on each cheek.
A
B
France
1.Many people like /do not like curry.
2.It is usually OK to be late /early when visiting friends.
3.People will usually offer you some tea/fruit when you visit them.
4.People usually wear clothes which cover their arms/legs.
5.It is rude/polite to give or take things with your left hand.
6.Dishes with beef are common/uncommon.
Complete the sentences about Indian culture.What else do you know about India
Listen to the conversation and number the pictures in the order of the topics mentioned.
2
3
1
4
Section A,2band 2c
Ella: We heard you're going to India,Peter!How exciting!
Peter: Yes,I’m really excited!You went there last year,right Can you tell me about their
customs
Ella: Sure!First,they have a special greeting.They press their palms together,bow,and say,“Namaste.”
Peter: Wow!I'll remember that.
Ella: Second,you should only use your right hand to eat.
Peter: With my knife and fork
Ella: Well,people may not use a knife and fork at all.Very often they eat with their hands instead.
Peter: OK!Anything else
Emma: Yes!People in India often eat a lot of curry.I ate chicken curry there,and it was
delicious!But don't expect to eat any beef.Cows are protected in India.They are special to many people.
Ella: And they even walk anywhere they like!While we were there,one walked right in
front of our car!It walked so slowly that we had to slow down and follow it!
Listen again and complete the sentences.
1.In India,people have a special greeting .They press their palms together， bow ,and say,“Namaste.”
2.People in India use their right hand to eat.They seldom eat with a knife and fork.
3.People often eat a lot of curry.It's popular in India.
4.In India, cows are very special to many people.They can anywhere they like.
Crossing Cultures 53
Indian customs. Imagine a friend is going to visit India.Tell him or her about Indian customs.
A:How do people in India greet others
B:...
A:What special foods do Indian people often eat B:..
A: How do people in India greet others
B: They usually press their palms together and nod their heads slightly, which is called the "namaste" gesture. It's a sign of respect, and they also say "Namaste" when greeting. People don't usually shake hands with strangers casually, especially between men and women who aren't familiar with each other.
A: What special foods do Indian people often eat
B: They often eat curry with rice or naan bread. Biryani, a spicy rice dish with meat or vegetables, is also very popular. Besides, samosas (fried pastries with fillings) and lassi (a yogurt drink) are common snacks and drinks in India. Most Indians don't eat beef because cows are considered sacred there, and many people are vegetarians.
Sam: What's wrong,Hongli
Hongli: I’m having dinner at my friend's house tonight.But English table
manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried.
Sam: Well,I'm from London.Ask me anything!
Hongli: Thanks!Well,first,should I bring something
Sam: Yes.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food unless the host asks you
to.And remember to wait for the host to start before you eat.
Hongu: Good to know!Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and
fork too
Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried
UNIT 6
Sam: Just hold the knife in your right hand,and the fork in your left.If you get confused,watch what everyone else does.
Hongli: OK.Anything else
Sam: Hmm.After the meal,thank the host and say that everything was delicious.And,most importantly.
Hongli: Yes
Sam: Enjoy yourself!
Hongli: Thanks,I will!
Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried
UNIT 6
Hongli is worried because he is having dinner at his friend's house tonight and English table manners are confusing for him.
Make notes about having dinner at a friend's house in the UK.
Before the meal During the meal After the meal
UNIT 6
- Bring a small gift
(don’t bring food
unless the host asks).
- Wait for the host to
start eating.
- Hold the knife in the
right hand and the fork
in the left.
- Watch others if
confused.
- Thank the host and
say everything was
delicious.
Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it.
UNIT 6
○ Wait for older people to start eating.
● Sit up straight.Keep your elbows off the table.
● Do not stand up to reach for food.Ask others to pass
you the dish.
● Use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from
shared dishes.
A:I’m going to a Chinese friend’s house for dinner.Could you give me some
advice on table manners
B:Sure!First, …
Imagine that your foreign friend is going to have dinner at a Chinese person’s house for the first time.Use the tips below to give him or her some advice.
UNIT 6
A:I’m going to a Chinese friend’s house for dinner.Could you give me some
advice on table manners
B:Sure!First, wait for older people to start eating. Then, sit up straight and keep
your elbows off the table. Also, do not stand up to reach for food; ask others to
pass you the dish. And use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from
shared dishes.
UNIT 6
Do you ever bow
No,that's so formal that we don't do it these days.
Should I bring something
Sure.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow.We usually just say"hello"or shake hands in the US
That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as
soon as we meet a teacher.
Don't look so embarrassed!
But it is embarrassing!
Read the sentences.What do the words in red mean How are the pairs of
Crossing Cultures
Grammar Focus
words in blue used differently
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
1. Türkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if
they are good friends.(unless)
In Türkiye,people don't kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends.
2.Japan:Take off your shoes.You do this when you enter someone's home. (as soon as)
In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home..
Crossing Cultures
3.Kenya:Being late is very common.You should be patient and not expect people to be on time.(so ...that)
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
4.China:Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude.You should avoid it.(so...that)
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
5.Mexico:Don't use someone's first name if you don’t know him or her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so.(unless)
In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless the person invites you to do so (or unless you know him or her well).
Crossing Cultures
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture,because the new culture is so...that different from your
Own that you feel interested.For example,I expcrienced this as Soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year.People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus!That was really surprising to me.In Germany,people usually like more personal space,and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well.But once I was used to it,I became more curious and surprised in learning about the culture there. It's so interesting to discover cultural differences like this!
surprising surprised So...that as
interesting interested Soon as unless
Crossing Cultures
T
h
a
n
ks
for watching.

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