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人教版 八下 UNIT 1 Time to Relax Section A Grammar Focus 语法专题精讲精练
动词不定式
一、动词不定式的构成与否定形式
基本构成：通常由 to + 动词原形 构成，其中to为动词不定式符号，无实际意义。
否定形式：not to + 动词原形（否定词not需置于to之前）。
二、动词不定式的核心用法（附例句）
功能 说明 例句
作状语 修饰动词或形容词，表目的、结果或原因 He went to see his sister yesterday.（他昨天去看他妹妹了。）
作宾语补足语 多数动词（tell/ask/want/invite/expect/encourage等）后接“sb. + to do sth.” 2. 感官动词（see/watch/hear/feel/notice等）和使役动词（let/make/have等）后接“sb. + do sth.”（省略to） 1. I want you to go now.（我想让你现在就走。）2. I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.（昨天我看见学生们在操场上打篮球了。）
作宾语 直接接to do sth.（decide/hope/agree/choose/fail/wish/learn等动词后） 2. 常用句型：...think/find/believe it + adj. + to do sth.（it为形式宾语，真正宾语是to do短语） 1. They hope to work at eight every morning.（他们希望每天早晨8点工作。） 2. I find it difficult to communicate with the man.（我发现和这个人交流很困难。）
作定语 位于被修饰的名词或代词之后，表“要做的事” Would you like something to eat （你想吃点什么吗？）
作主语 常用句型：It's + adj. (+ for/of sb.) + to do sth.（it为形式主语，真正主语是to do短语） It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea.（目睹轮船沉入大海真是太可怕了。）
语法专题精练
I. 单项选择。
I find it interesting ______ team sports like volleyball and basketball.
A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing
Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ______.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing
Seeing the old man carrying heavy boxes, Tom offered ______ him.
A. help B. helped C. helping D. to help
It is important ______ students ______ part in outdoor activities.
A. for; to taking B. for; to take C. of; to taking D. of; to take
The government is developing new plans ______ ancient buildings.
A. protect B. to protect C. protects D. protected
My parents often tell me ______ too much time playing games.
A. not to spend B. to not spend C. don't spend D. not spend
We decided ______ a picnic in the park this weekend.
A. have B. to have C. having D. had
It's kind ______ you ______ help me with my English.
A. of; to B. for; to C. of; for D. for; for
The teacher asked us ______ quiet in the library.
A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. kept
She was seen ______ the classroom just now.
A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. left
II. 根据汉语意思完成句子。
昨天莉萨邀请我去看电影，我答应了。 Yesterday Lisa ______ me ______ go to the movies, and I agreed.
每个人需要先制订一个学习计划。 Everyone needs ______ ______ a study plan first.
当你出去的时候，不要忘记关灯。 Don't forget ______ ______ off the lights when you go out.
我很生气，戴维建议我和我的父母谈一谈。 I was angry and David ______ me ______ have a talk with my parents.
明天早上，我们将前往农场摘苹果。 We will leave for a farm ______ ______ apples tomorrow morning.
我希望有一天能去巴黎旅游。 I hope ______ ______ to Paris one day.
他们计划下周开始一项新的项目。 They plan ______ ______ a new project next week.
医生建议他多做运动。 The doctor advised him ______ ______ more exercise.
告诉孩子们不要在马路上玩耍。 Tell the children ______ ______ play on the road.
学好英语对我们来说很重要。 ______ ______ important for us ______ learn English well.
III. 适当形式填空。
He wants ______ (be) a scientist when he grows up.
My mother made me ______ (clean) my room before going out.
It's easy ______ (solve) this math problem.
She expects ______ (receive) a letter from her pen pal soon.
We should encourage students ______ (read) more books.
I saw him ______ (run) towards the bus stop just now.
Don't forget ______ (lock) the door when you leave.
It's necessary for us ______ (obey) the traffic rules.
The teacher told us ______ (not be) late for class.
They decided ______ (not go) to the party because of the rain.
参考答案
I. 单项选择
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B
II. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. invited; to 2. to make 3. to turn 4. advised; to 5. to pick 6. to travel 7. to start 8. to do 9. not to 10. It is; to
III. 适当形式填空
1. to be 2. clean 3. to solve 4. to receive 5. to read 6. run 7. to lock 8. to obey 9. not to be 10. not to go

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