资源简介

(共33张PPT)
Unit 2
Stay Healthy
八年级英语下册·新教材人教版
1
单元学习目标
2
单元知识图谱
3
核心词汇
4
重点句型
5
单元语法
7
综合训练
6
主题写作
目 录
学习目标
能够听懂关于健康问题的对话内容；能够针对健康问题寻求或给出建议。掌握相关核心词汇句型。
一
能够流畅阅读以身体将康及安全保障为话题的文章，理解主旨大意，获取关键信息。能够运用本单元的单词、句型及表达写与“健康与安全”相关的文章。
二
能积累语言知识及在健康就医语境下的语言运用能力；能够阅读故事并抓取关键信息、梳理细节来回答问题，提升从文本中提取、整合信息的能力。
三
能梳理故事中各环节的逻辑关系，培养按时间、因果顺序梳理事件、推理情节发展的逻辑思维。
四
能对个人健康负责，并有通过合理休息，配合治疗等主动维护健康的观念。
五
单元知识图谱
Time to relax
短语
动词
名词
形容词/副词
throat, stomachache, headche, toothache, backache,nosebleed, gas, cough, test, flu,medicine, mask, description,patient, injury, pain, enviroment, stove, flame, panic, safety
avoid, suffer,fry, aid, smoke, harm, lie, hit, shock, check, roll
单词
sore, careless, runny,bruised, happily,luckily, unfortunately, painful, harmful, tight, nervously, allergic
句型
3.I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.
4.Be more careful next time. If we are nor careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
1. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
2.You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.
suffer from, take a seat, take one’s temperature, stop from doing, what’s more, catch fire, turn on, no way, on fire, be about to, first aid, eat out, lie down, from now on
语法
1.情态动词should/could表示建议。
2.反身代词的用法
写作
英语短文：保持健康
核心词汇
1. _____adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的2._____ n. 喉咙 3. _________ n. 胃痛；肚子疼4._____ n. 头痛 5.__________ n. 牙痛6.__________ n. 背痛；腰痛
7.__________ n. 鼻出血8._____n. 牙科医生9. _____n. 发烧
10._________n. 胃；腹部11.________n. 药；医学12._____n. 病毒
13._________n. 描写；形容14.._________ n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
15._________ n. 伤害；损伤16._________ n. 疾病17._________ n. 火焰
sore
headach
throat
stomachache
nosebleed
toothache
backache
dentist
fever
stomach
medicine
virus
description
patient
injury
illness
flame
核心词汇
18.____n. 惊恐；恐慌 19._________ n. 灭火器 20._________adv. 幸运地
21._________adv. 紧张不安地 22.______adj. 过敏的 23._______adv. 幸运地
24._________adv. 严重地 25._________n. & v. 伤害；损害
26._____n. 药丸；药片27._______adj. (身体部位）疼痛的；令人痛苦的
28.____v. (lay, lain) 平躺；平放 29._______adj. 有害的 30._____v. 碰撞；击打 31._______n. 令人震惊的事 v. 使震惊 32._______v. 流血；出血
33._____adj. 疼痛的；憋气的；紧的；牢固的 34._______n. 花生
panic
luckily
allergic
nervously
luckily
extinguisher
painful
pill
harm
badly
shock
hit
harmful
lie
peanut
tight
bleed
核心词汇(词性转换)
1.stomach n. 胃；腹部 → ___________ adj. 胃痛的
2.careless adj. 粗心的 → _______ adj 仔细的（反义词）→ ____ n. 关心，在意
3.medicine n. 药；医学 → ___________ adj. 医学的；医疗的
4.description n. 描写→ ________v. 描述 → ___________ adj. 描述的；说明的
5.patient n. 病人；adj. 有耐心的 → ___________ n. 耐心；忍耐
6.injury n. 伤害；损伤 → ___________ v. 伤害；损害 → ___________adj. 受伤的
7.illness n. 疾病 → _____ adj. 生病的；坏的
8.pain n. 疼痛；痛苦 → ___________adj. 疼痛的；痛苦的
stomachache
patience
descriptive
describe
medical
careful
care
injured
injure
ill
painful
核心词汇(词性转换)
10.brightness n. 亮度→_____adj. 明亮的；聪明的 → ______adv. 明亮地；鲜明地
11.happily adv. 快乐地→______ adj. 快乐的；幸福的 →_______ n. 幸福
12.quick adj. 迅速的；adv. 迅速地 → _________ adv. 迅速地；很快地
13.safety n. 安全；安全处所 →______ adj. 安全的→ ______adv. 安全地14.luckily adv. 幸运地 → _____adj. 幸运的；侥幸的 →_____ n. 运气；幸运
15.harm n. & v. 损害 → ______adj. 有害的 → _________ adj. 无害的
16sadly adv. 伤心地；令人遗憾地 →____ adj. 悲伤的；难过的 → ________ n. 悲伤；难过
bright
happy
brightly
safely
safe
quickly
happiness
lucky
harmful
luck
harmless
sad
sadness
核心短语
根据汉语写出对应的英语短语
1.坐下
2.给某人量体温
3.防止......；
4.着火
5.急救
6. 喉咙痛
7. 按住你的鼻子
8.喝足够的水
9.在肚子上盖点暖和的东西
10.流鼻涕
11. 擦伤的膝盖
12.流感季节
13. 照顾好他的健康
14.惊慌失措
15. 将油倒入平底锅中
16.灭火器
take a seat
stop ... from doing
take one's temperature
first aid
catch fire
drink enough water
press down on your nose
sore throat
put something warm on your stomach
runny nose
flue season
bruised knee
in a panic
take care of his health
pour oil into a pan
fire extinguisher
将下列短语与汉语意思相匹配
喝足够的水
给某人量体温
防止......；
喉咙痛
将油倒入平底锅中
擦伤的膝盖
在肚子上盖点暖和的东西
流鼻涕
按住你的鼻子
照顾好他的健康
惊慌失措
灭火器
坐下
核心短语
take a seat
take one's temperature
fire extinguisher
stop ... from doing
pour oil into a pan
in a panic
take care of his health
bruised knee
put something warm on your stomach
runny nose
drink enough water
sore throat
press down on your nose
核心词汇
词汇辨析
stay V.停留（在某地/某段时间） I will stay at home this weekend.
（这个周末我会待在家里）
V.保持（某种状态，作系动词，后接形容词） Eat more vegetables to stay healthy.
（多吃蔬菜保持健康）
n.停留、逗留 We had a short stay in Shanghai.
（我们在上海短暂逗留了一段时间）
health n.健康 improve one’s health改善健康；
be in good/bad health身体好/不好
healthy adj.健康的 keep healthy保持健康
核心词汇
词汇辨析
身体部位+ ache 表示……痛 stomachache胃痛，肚子疼；headache头痛；toothache牙痛；backache背痛
sore+表示身体部位的名词 表示“……痛 sore throat喉咙痛；
sore muscle背部酸痛；
adj.+ enough 足够…的 The room is big enough for us to live in.
（这个房间足够大，我们可以住）
enough + n.足够的… We have enough food to eat.
（我们有足够的食物吃）
核心词汇
词汇辨析
medicine n.药 take medicine 吃药； a bottle of medicine 一瓶药；
in medicine 在医学领域； traditional Chinese medicine 中药
medical adj.药物的 medical care 医疗护理；
若描述“全身的、突发的疼痛”（如摔倒后的剧痛）用 pain The little boy cried out in pain.
（小男孩疼得大叫）
若描述“局部的、持续的酸痛”（如久坐后的背痛）用 ache I have a headache.（我头痛）
若描述“具体的身体损伤/伤势”（如骨折、割伤）用 injury He got an injury in the accident.
（他在事故中受伤了）
核心词汇
针对训练
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Eating more fruit and vegetables helps us stay ____________ (health).
2.Mom, I don’t want to eat anything. I seem to have a _________________ (stomach).
3.(2024江苏扬州中考改编)Some of us are better at helping others than we are at
looking after ______________(we).
4.Bill didn’t finish the work because he had a terrible ______________ (head).
5.When I fell down and hurt ___________ (I), my mother encour-
aged me to stand up.
6.(2025吉林中考改编)Last year, I had a bad ______________(tooth) and needed to see the doctor.
7.Are you OK, Ben Did you hurt _____________ (you)
　ourselves
　stom achache
　healthy
　myself
headache
　yourself
　toothache
重点句型
1.When I tried to get out of bed, I almost gell and hurt myself.
When 引导的时间状语从句
本句是when引导的时间状语从句，fell 和 hurt 由 and 连接，作并列谓语，共用主语 I，避免重复。
短语 中文释义 拓展用法
try to do sth 努力做某事 反义词组：try not to do sth
get out of 从……出来 例：get out of the car从车里出来
hurt oneself 伤到自己 onself随主语变化：
hurt himself/herself
重点句型
2.We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu.
本句由but 连接的并列句：表转折关系，前后两句时态一致（一般将来时 + 一般现在时）；后一句是省略 that 的宾语从句：believe/say/think 等动词后接宾语从句时，that 可省略。
but连接的表转折的并列句
省略that的宾语从句
短语 中文释义 拓展用法
need to do sth 需要做某事 need 作实义动词，有人称和时态变化；need 作情态动词时，后接动词原形，用于否定句 / 疑问句
do a test 做检查 同义短语：take a test
have the flu 得流感 类似表达：have a cold 感冒；have a fever 发烧
重点句型
3.Her clearest memory is not of the race itself, but the terrible pain in her legs.the next day.
本句是主系表结构，主语 (Her clearest memory)；定语 (Her clearest，形容词最高级 + 形容词性物主代词，修饰 memory)；系动词（is），表语（not…but…连接的成分），
主语
表语
短语 中文释义 拓展用法
not…but… 不是…而是… 连接两个并列成分（名词、代词、介词短语等）
in one’s legs 在某人的腿上 介词 in 表 “身体部位的表面”：a cut in my hand 手上的伤口
the next day 第二天 用于一般过去时，区别于 next day（用于一般将来时）
重点句型
4.He turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken.
while he prepared the chicken是while引导的时间状语从句，从句主语 (he)；从句谓语 (prepared)；宾语 (the chicken)。主句中主语 (he)；并列谓语 (turned on, left)；宾语 1 (the stove)；宾语 2 (the oil)；宾语补足语 (to heat，不定式短语)
时间状语从句
短语 中文释义 拓展用法
turn on 打开（电器） turn off 关闭；turn up 调大；turn down 调小
leave sth to do sth 让某物做某事 leave 作 “使…… 处于某种状态” 讲，例：leave the door open 让门开着
prepare for sth 为某事做准备 同义短语：get sth. ready
重点句型
5.Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse!
thanks to引导的原因状语从句，期中有定语从句he took at school；Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at school；主句为he knew that water could make oil fires much worse，期中包含一句that引导的宾语从句。
宾语从句
定语从句
短语 中文释义 拓展用法
thanks to 多亏 后接名词 / 代词，表原因，区别于 because of（语气更强）
make sth+adj. 使某物变得… 形容词作宾语补足语，例：make the room clean 让房间变干净
重点句型
针对训练
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The boys enjoy _______________ (them) playing football in the playground after school.
2.We can eat our favorite food and talk ____________ (happy).
3.Jim __________ (burn) his arm and hand when he cooked dinner yesterday.
4.Mike __________ (throw) down his schoolbag and turned on the TV.
5.He fell off his bike yesterday, but ____________ (luck), he wasn’t hurt. He
wouldn’t ride so fast.
6.I hurt my foot __________ (bad) yesterday, so I had to stay at home.
　threw
　burnt
　happily
　themselves
　badly
luckily
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.林先生曾经是一名律师。
Mr Lin _________ _______ _______ a lawyer ____________.
2.更重要的是,你应该让你的眼睛休息一下,看看远处的东西。
___________ _________, you ___________ _________ your eyes and look at something ______________.
3.学习一些急救技能以应对紧急情况是很重要的。
It's important to learn some skills about __________ ________ in case of emergencies.
4.我们经常在周末出去吃饭,因为我父母不想做饭。
We often________ ________ on weekends because my parents Don’t feel like ____________.
重点句型
针对训练
　away
　far
　What’s more should 　rest
　used to be himself
　cooking
　eat out

　first 　aid
单元语法
（一）情态动词should/could表示建议
情态动词 含义 语气 肯定式 否定式 例句
should 应该，应当 强烈，表必要建议 主语+should+动词原形 主语 +should + 动词原形 You should take medicine for your fever.
（你应该吃退烧药。）
You shouldn’t eat sweet things with a toothache.
（牙痛时不该吃甜食。）
could 可以；能够 委婉，表可选建议 主语+could+ 动词原形 主语+couldn’t + 动词原形（较少 用） You could drink honey water for a sore throat.
（喉咙痛可以喝蜂蜜水。）
You could rest at home instead of going to school.（可以在家休息，不用去上学。）
单元语法
（二）反身代词
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself（我自己） yourself（你自己） himself（他自己）
herself（她自己）
itself（它自己）
复数 ourselves（我们 自己） yourselves（你们 自己） themselves（他们 / 她们 / 它们自己）
【核心用法】
·作动词 / 介词宾语：强调动作作用于主语本身。
例：Be careful with the knife—don’t cut yourself.（用刀时小心，别割到自己。）
James hurt himself when he fell off the bike.（詹姆斯从自行车上摔下来，弄伤了自己。）
·作主语 / 宾语同位语：用于强调 “亲自、独自”，可省略，不影响句子结构。
例：David cooked dinner himself because his parents were busy.（大卫自己做了晚饭，因为父母很忙。）
We cleaned the classroom ourselves—no one helped us.（我们自己打扫了教室，没人帮忙。）
·常见固定搭配 enjoy oneself（玩得开心）、take care of oneself（照顾自己）、hurt oneself（伤到自己） by oneself（独自）、teach oneself（自学）、help oneself to sth（随便吃 / 用某物）
单元语法
（ ）1. —What’s wrong with you, Tom
—I have a __________ throat. I talked too much in class today.
A. sore B. painful C. hurt D. harmful
（ ）2. You __________ eat too much ice cream. It will give you a stomachache.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
（ ）3. Ben hurt __________ when he fell off his bike. He has a backache now.
A. he B. him C. himself D. his
（ ）4. —I have a terrible toothache. What should I do
—You __________ see a dentist. You __________ eat some soft food for now.
A. could; should B. should; could C. should; shouldn’t D. could; couldn’t
（ ）5. Helen has a high fever, so the doctor advised her ________ at home and drink
enough water.A. rest B. resting C. to rest D. rested
（ ）6. When you have a nosebleed, you should _______ down on your nose for a few
minutes.A. press B. put C. take D. cut
针对训练
主题写作
一、单元话题：本单元的主题是“保持健康”,要求学生能够运用相关词汇和表达,谈论健康问题、提供建议。与此相关的主要写作维度有:①描述健康问题与身体状况;②针对不适症状给出合理建议;③分析日常生活中的安全隐患,并讨论预防措施。
二、写作要求
1. 围绕一次自身或他人的健康问题展开，明确说明问题是什么、产生的原因及应对过程。
2.内容真实可信，逻辑清晰，语言流畅，正确使用情态动词 (should/could) 和反身 代词等单元语法知识。
3.字数不少于80 词，文中不得出现真实人名、校名。
保持健康
写作指导
1. 结构设计：采用“引入问题一描述过程一 提炼感悟”的三段式结构。
2. 内容要点：
· 问题阐述：明确健康问题 , 结合单元词汇说明症状。
参考短语：stomachache、toothache、have a flu、have a high fever，suffer from a sore throat
· 原因与应对：分析问题产生的原因,详细描述处理过程, 可适当加入医生建议、朋友救助等。
参考短语：ate too many sweet things，forgot to wear a mask，took medicine，saw a dentist，get first aid
· 启示提炼：总结自我照顾的方法、安全防护的重要性, 体现“健康掌握在自己手中”的意识。
参考短语：avoid eating too much，wash hands often，be careful when cooking，check food
3. 语言技巧：
· 时态运用：叙述过去的健康问题用一般过去时，描述启示和建议用一般现在时。
· 衔接词使用：用“at first、then、finally、because、so”等连接事件发展，使行文连贯。
写作模板
开头段
Last month,I had a terrible ___________ (健康问题).At first,I ___________ (描述初始症状). I ___________ (健康问题) because ___________ ( 说明原因).
中间段
My parents took me to ___________ ( 就医或处理方式”)right away. The doctor/nurse said I ___________ ( 诊 断 结 果) and gave me advice. I should ___________ ( 具体建议1) and could ___________ ( 具 体 建 议 2). I followed the advice strictly,and ___________( 恢复过程). During this time,I also learned to ___________ (自我照顾行为).
结尾段
This experience taught me a lot about staying healthy. It made me understand that ___________( 核 心 启 示). From now on,I will ___________( 未来行动).
主题写作范文
A Health Problem and Lessons Learned
Last week,I suffered from a bad toothache.At first,I just felt a slight pain when eating sweet things,but it got worse at night—I even couldn't sleep.I finally realized it was because l ate too many candies and didn't brush my teeth carefully before going to bed.
My mom took me to the dentist the next morning.The dentist checked my teeth and said I had a cavity.He told me I should get an X-ray first and could eat some soft food for the next few days.He also warned me not to eat more sweet things and to brush my teeth twice a day.I followed his advice strictly:I ate porridge for meals,brushed my teeth carefully with toothpaste,and even used floss.After three days,the toothache was gone.
This experience gave me an important lesson about health.It made me know that small bad habits can cause big health problems.From now on,I will take better care of my teeth and develop healthy habits.After all,we should protect ourselves and stay healthy by taking action in daily life.
综合训练
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.(2024山东泰安中考改编)The young man is good at traditional Chinese _____________
(medical). He often gives his friends some useful advice about staying healthy.
2.Our English teacher gave us a ________________ (describe) of her favorite city in Europe.
3.(2024四川内江中考改编)She is blind because of an _____________(ill), but she always tries her best to do everything as normal people do.
4.As we all know, a _____________ (care) driver is a danger to others.
5.Sweets can be ____________ (harm) to children’s teeth.
6.She ________ (lie) down on the comfortable bed and fell asleep quickly
　illness
　description
medicine
careless
harmful
　lay
综合训练
二、短文填空
Health is very important for everyone. When we don’t feel well, we should know how to deal with it.
If you have a sore throat, you 1 __________（drink）some warm water with honey. You shouldn’t eat cold or spicy food—it will make your throat 2 __________（painful）. If you havea stomachache, you 3 __________（avoid）fried food and soft drinks. You could eat someporridge or rice, which is easy for your stomach to digest.
When you do housework, be careful with fire and sharp things. Don’t cut 4 __________（you）with knives, and don’t leave the stove on when you’re not in the kitchen. If somethingcatches fire, don’t use water for oil fires—you should use a fire extinguisher or cover thefire with a wet towel.
If you have an allergy, you must 5 __________ （ check ） food ingredients carefully. Youshouldn’t eat food you’re allergic to, or you might have a serious reaction. Remember, ifyou feel very bad, you should go to see a doctor at once. Don’t try to treat 6 __________（you）when you’re not sure what’s wrong.
should drink
more painful
should avoid
yourself
check
yourself
综合训练
三、阅读理解【人与自我·健康生活】
Children spend too much time on smartphones and computers now. They are at risk of health problems throughout their lives, such as obesity (肥胖症) and eye problems, according to a study.
The study was carried out by World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF,世界癌症研究基金会) in the UK. It found some actions—like looking at a smartphone or an iPad for a long time—are among the causes of obesity. It shows that obesity has something to do with several kinds of cancer, but physical activities can reduce that risk.
“New technologies make people spend a lot more time sitting long, such as sitting in cars, watching television and using computers or smartphones,” the study said. “Less exercise has caused a number of health problems like breathing difficulties, a racing heart, poor bones (骨头) and stress.”
According to the study, 14.1 million people across the world had cancer in 2012 and 8.2 million died from cancer, but about 40%of the cancer cases (病例) can be prevented. “This global cancer burden (负担) will increase to 21.7 million cases and 13 million deaths by 2030,” it said.
WCRF also says that a lot more snacks will be eaten as a re-sult of spending too much time on the screen and not doing exercise.
综合训练
1.What causes children’s risk of health problems throughout their lives ( )
A.Eating a lot more snacks in their lives. B.Using new technologies to work and study.
C.Doing exercise in the wrong way. D.Spending a long time on smartphones and computers.
2.How does the writer feel about using new technologies ( )
A.Risky.　　 B.Great. C.Helpful.　　　　D.Necessary.
3.How can we make the risk of having cancer low according to the study ( )
A.By going to see a doctor. B.By doing exercise.
C.By eating less food every day. D.By choosing healthy snacks.
4.What can we learn from the passage ( )
A.Some kinds of cancer can cause obesity. B.New technologies will not lead to cancer.
C.More people will not get cancer and die in five years.D.People should find more ways to keep
cancer away.
5.What's the structure (结构) of the passage ( )
THANKS
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八年级英语下册·人教版2026

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