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(共27张PPT)
Understand the questioning mind
JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”
Watch the video and leran about the symptoms (症状) of Cholera and how it spread.
Lead-in
dehydration (缺水)
severe vomiting(呕吐)
diarrhea(腹泻)
It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.
What are the symptoms (症状) of Cholera？
Lead-in
John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”
Who
How
What
He was a British doctor.
It used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world and millions of people died from it in the early 19th century.It causes severe diarrhoea,dehydration ,and even death.It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.
He conducted research and found out how cholera spread.
Lead-in
Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups. What order would you put them in
Stages of Scientific Research
______ analyse the results ______ ask a question
______ draw a conclusion ______ collect data
______ find a problem ______ find supporting evidence
______ think of a method
Pre-reading
Para1
Para 2
Para 4
Para 5
John Snow desired to destroy cholera.
John Snow decided to prove the second theory.
Snow began his study by marking on the map
Truth of the infection of cholera
Snow's contributions
Para 3
Activity 1 Read for the main idea and check predictions.
Who
What
How
How
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor. John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
Para.1: John Snow was determined to defeat cholera.
Read Para. 1 and finish the information cards
John Snow
King Cholera
Identity:
Symptoms:
Consequence:
Occupation:
Nationality:
Desire:
one of ________________ in the world
_______ of people died from it when it hit Europe in the early 19th century
_____
_______ when she give birth)
the most feared diseases
severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death
Britain
Millions
A famous _______ (who even attend to _____
doctor
Queen
Victoria
To destroy cholera once and for all.
Detailed-reading
Para 1: Introduction
According to the passage, what kind of doctor was John Snow
A. He mainly treated royalty and was uninterested in common people's illnesses.
B. He was famous for discovering a cure for cholera.
C. He never gave up his commitment to finding a solution for cholera.
D. He died while treating patients during a cholera outbreak in Europe.
Para.2: Doctors had two contradictory theories.
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
2. Which theory is correct
Theory one:
caused by ________
Theory two:
caused by _______

bad air
germs
John Snow subscribed to the ________ theory.
second
Para 2: Find a problem and ask a question
More proof is needed
Detailed-reading
What was the primary reason John Snow investigated the 1854 cholera outbreak in London
A. He wanted to create a detailed map of the area.
B. He was commissioned by the government to treat patients.
C. He needed evidence to prove his theory about how cholera spread was correct.
D. He wanted to compare the death tolls of the two different streets.
Para.3: He investigated the places where the outbreak was very severe.
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump.
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
What method did he use
How did he finally find out why
marking on a map(cholera map)
Analyze the map
and circle the key areas with your group members.
1.Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
2.Which houses had no death in Broad Street
They drunk the water from the pump.
They drunk free beer from the Public house.
pub
multiple deaths
happened near
the water pump.
16, 37, 38 and 40
14, 20, 21, 25, 27, 28 and 34
Para 3: Think of a method
Detailed-reading
3. What was the immediate result of John Snow having the handle of the Broad Street pump removed
A. He was awarded for discovering the cure for cholera.
B. All the residents in the area immediately stopped drinking water from pumps.
C. The spread of cholera in that area was stopped.
D. The government promoted him to a senior position.
Para.4: He found out the water carried the disease.
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
The cause of a mother and her daughter’s death. (pump water)
conclusion
The pump water carried cholera germs.
solution
Removed the handle of the pump.
What’s the evidence
for Snow’s suspecting
What’s the conclusion
Para 4: Truth
Detailed-reading
What did John Snow discover about people who drank polluted water
A) They all moved away from London.
B) They were much more likely to get cholera.
C) They preferred the taste of the water.
D) They became immune to the disease.
Para.5: He offered solutions to prevent cholera.
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
Why is John Snow called the "father of modern epidemiology"
A) He discovered the cure for cholera.
B) He was the first doctor to use maps and statistics to study diseases.
C) He convinced all water companies in the world to sell clean water.
D) He completely eliminated the threat of cholera.
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many 1. ______ (die) from it. Fortunately, we now know how 2. ______ (prevent) cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.
Moreover, in 3. ______ use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way 4. ______ scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow 5. ______ (consider) the father of modern epidemiology.
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump 6. ______ (infect) by waste. Snow was able to show a link between cholera and the water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames 7. ______ was polluted by raw waste. People 8. ______ drank this water were much more likely 9. ______ (get) cholera than those who drank pure water. His work 10. ______ (great) improved public health since then.
语法填空（根据所给单词的正确形式进行填空)
die
to prevent
his
that
is considered
had been infected
that/which
who
to get
has greatly improved
He helped people know how to prevent cholera.
He transformed the way scientists study diseases by using maps and statistics
Water companies began to sell clean water
The threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease
Snow is considered the father of modern epidemology
What contributions did John Snow make to science
Detailed-reading
Order Stage Key words or sentences
1 Find a problem two contradictory theories
2 Ask a question in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe
find out why
3 Think of a method marking on a map
4 Collect data house numbers 16 37 38 40
20 and 21Broad Street 8 and 9 Cambridge Street
5 Analyse the results Multiple deaths near the water pump some households had had no deaths
6 Find the supporting evidence a woman and her daughter had died
the woman liked the water she had delivered it to the house
7 Draw a conclusion As a result of the evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs
Detailed-reading
John Snow desired to ________ cholera.
John Snow decided to prove __________ theory.
Snow began his study by ___________________.
________________ of the infection of cholera.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
The results and the _____________of Snow’s work.
Para. 5
What &Who
How
The truth
Activity 2 Reading fot the structure
Results
destroy
the second
marking on a map
The truth
significance
A: It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ____ or germs in _______________.
B:Snow___________________the places where the people who _____ had lived
C: Many deaths occurred near the ___________ in Broad Street.
Some people __________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after ___________
_____________.
D: The pump water carried
____________.
conclusion
evidence
E: The _______ of the pump was removed.
process
solution
handle
theories
air
food or water
marked on the
died
water pump
hadn’t
drinking water
cholera germs
conclusion evidence process solution theories
map
from the pump
Activity 3 Reading for analysis

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