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(共30张PPT)
Unit1 Science
and Scientists
Discovering Useful Structures
Conducting experiments is his job.
Conducting experiments is what he does every day.
表语从句是指______________________, 紧跟在________之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。
系动词
在句子中充当表语的从句
Lead-in: Find the predicative clause
One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
Another thoery was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.
Function as the predicative in a complex sentence.
Lead-in: Underline the predicative clause
Link verbs
系动词
状态类：be
感官动词：seem appear feel look sound
smell taste
变得：become grow turn fall get go
结果是、证明是：prove turn out
A predictive clause is introduced by....
保持：keep stay remain
What I want to say is that I am tired.
She doesn’t know whether she likes him or not.
He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill.
It sounds as if somebody was knocking at the door.
The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus this morning.
Judge: Which is a predicative clause
表从的连接词
Subordinating conjunctions 从 属 连 词
Conjunctional Pronouns 连 接 代 词
Conjunctional Adverbs 连 接 副 词
what, who, whom, whose, which，
whoever, whatever, whichever
（强调无论是……）
when, where, how, why
Leading words (引导词) of Predicative clauses
（不作成分）
（作主、宾、表、定语）
（均有各自意义）
（作状语，均有各自意义）
that, whether，
(无意义）
(是否）
because, as if ,as though
其它连接词
好像，似乎
从属连词： that、whether (不能用if)
1. My belief is __________I will succeed by working hard.
我的信念是通过努力我会成功。
2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________one can be
entirely free from dust.
雨季最令人愉快的事情是完全没有灰尘。
3. The problem is ______________we can find them there.
问题是我们能否在那里找到他们。
whether
that
that
总结：that在从句中不充当成分，也没有实际意义，且不可省略；whether也不能省略，意思为：是否。
连接代词：which(ever)
1. The question is .
问题是哪个学生英语最好。
2. I read about it in some book or another, but what I don't know
is .
我在某本书里读到过，但我不知道是哪一本书。
总结：which 在引导表语从句时, 常在句中充当______,
表示：__________
which student is the best at English
which (book) it is
哪一个
定语
连接代词：who(ever)、whom(ever)、whose、what(ever)
1. You can be __________ you want to be. 你可以成为你想做的任何人。
2. The question is __________ caused the accident.
问题是什么造成了这场事故。
3. The most important thing is __________ responsibility it is.
最重要的就是它是谁的责任。
4. This is ________ my father has taught me--to be an honest man.
这就是我父亲教给我的--做一个诚实的人。
总结：who(ever)、whom(ever)、whose、what(ever)在从句中作__________、_____________、________、________。
whoever
what
whose
what
主语
宾语
表语
定语
连接副词： when、where、why、how
1. This is ____________I don't agree with you.
这就是我不同意你的地方。
2. The question is __________we can get in touch with him.
问题是我们怎样才能和他联系上。
3. It rained heavily last night when I went back home. That is
_________ I got wet through.
那就是为什么我被淋湿了。
总结：when、where、why、how引导从句，在从句中作________，表示时间、地点、原因、方式。
where
how
why
状语
This is __________I want.
My English is limited. This is _______I hate reading English books.
The village is _________ I used to spend my holiday.
It is ___________ I really love the way he behaves.
The trouble is __________ we are short of funds.
My problem is __________ coat is suitable for me.
I ' d like to start my own business—that’s ________ I want to do if I had the money.
What I want to know is _______will support me.
what
where
why
because
that
which
what
who
即学即练
表从易错点
1. 区分that 和 what
总结：that引导表语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；
what是连接代词，引导表语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
1. The fact is _______ we tend to make mistakes when we are nervous.
2. This is _________ I want to say.
3. The question is _________ caused the accident.
4. The trouble is _________ she has lost his address.
that
what
that
what
2. 区分because 和 why
1. She often comes late. That's ______________she has a baby to
take care of.
她经常迟到。那是因为她有一个孩子要照顾。
2. She has a baby to take care of. That's _____________she often
comes late.
她有一个孩子要照顾。那就是她经常迟到的原因。
总结：because引导表语从句时强调原因，
why引导表语从句时强调结果。
why
because
总结： 当表语从句陈述原因时：
It, This, That 开头做主语，引导词用because.
It/ This/That is because....
②主语为reason（why） 时，引导词用that.
The reason (why)....is that....
I do so many things for you. It is because I love you.
She was late for class. That was because she missed the early bus.
The reason was that you don’t trust her.
The reason why she was late was that she missed the early bus.
3. 区分that 和 because
1.He is careless and irresponsible. That was _______ he was fired.
2.He was fired. That was _________ he is careless and irresponsible.
3. The reason _______ he was fired was ________ he was careless and irresponsible.
4. I lost the game. The reason was_________ I underestimated my competitors.
5. The reason _______ I lost the game was _______ I underestimated my competitors.
why
because
why
that
即学即练
why
that
that
4. 虚拟语气用于表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。
1. My suggestion is that________________________ a discussion about
this matter instead of just laying it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这件事，而不应该只是把它放在一边。
2. The doctor's advice is ___________________________more exercise.
医生的建议是我们应该多做运动。
we (should) have
that we (should) take
5. as if, as though引导的表语从句
总结：由as if , as though引导表语从句，意为___________.常接在look, sound, seem等系动词后。
似乎；好像
注意：as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气；如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气。
1. It looks as if it is going to rain.
看上去天要下雨了。
2. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.
那个留着长发的年轻人像一个女孩。
1. It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. (与事实相符)
2. Tom likes to talk big as if he were an important person.
(对现在的虚拟，用一般过去时，be动词用were)
3. He talks as if he would become president tomorrow.
(对将来的虚拟，用would/could/might+do)
4. He talked about Rome as if he had been there.
(对过去的虚拟，用had done)
5. as if, as though引导的表语从句
My suggestion is that we __________ (go) to hospital at once.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______(be) broken.
My idea is that we ___________(get) more people to attend the conference.
The little girl appeared as if she ___________(be) a grown-up.
She looks as if she _________(be) ten years younger.
should go
were
should get
had been
were
即学即练
Practice！
1. From space, the earth looks blue. This is_________ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That’s __________I was born．"
3. The best moment for the football star was_______ he scored the winning goal.
4. By boat is the only way to get here, which is_______ we arrived.
5. This is my father has taught me —to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
6. The amazing thing about the spring is ________ the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring!
because
where
when
how
what
that
【高考真题】
David is talking to Maria about their scientific research project. First complete David's lines (A-E), using the words in the box. Then put David's lines in the correct order. (P5)
as if that what who when how why whose which whether
A: Absolutely ! You may not believe it, but that was
___________happened at the initial stage of our group's research
on developing a vaccine for malaria.
B: Yes, it is. And it seemed __________the theories were useful, but
the fact was_________ we couldn't persuade one another that one
theory was better than another.
what
as if
that
C: Exactly. The problem was not about ______________all our theories
were equally good, but in deciding _______________________theory
to depend upon.
D: We realized that what we cared about was not _______________
aspect we needed to develop a theory in, but rather _____ we
can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!
E: You're right. At last, we became focused on the key issue, which
was _________we had to carry out the research in the first place.
whether
which/what/whose
which/what
how
why
as if that what who when how why whose which whether
Maria: This mix of theory and data is one of the key characteristics of what we call science.
David: _________________
Maria: With your theoretical framework
David:__________________
Maria: Deciding on a theory is definitely of critical importance.
David: _________________
Maria This was when you should have calmed down and got down to doing some solid work.
David: _________________
Maria: So what happened in the end
David: _________________
B
C
E
D
A
1. The fact was 　.
事实是他没有做真正的努力。
2. The question is .
问题是这部电影是否值得看。
3. she had known Millie for years.
看起来好像她认识米莉已有好多年了。
4. My advice is as often
as possible. 我的建议是你尽可能经常地练习说英语。
Complete the sentences.
that he didn't really try
whether the film is worth seeing
It seemed as though/if
that you (should) practise speaking English
5. That's .
那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
6. The problem is .
问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。
7. That is .
那就是我想让你在这儿工作的原因。
8. I was late for school this morning.
last night.
今天早上我上学迟到了。那是因为我昨晚睡得太晚了。
where I first met her
who is really fit for the hard job
why I want you to work here
That's because I stayed up too late
Everyone knew 1. Wendy was a famous writer, but no one knew 2. she came from and 3. she was born in 1961 was still a mystery. 4. they did know was
5. she was loved by poor people because she always helped
6. was in need of money. Wendy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was chasing fame. Wendy said she didn't understand 7. they were so narrow-minded，but it didn't matter 8. others thought of her. She just wanted to do 9. she thought was right. She thought that was 10. the meaning of life lied.
Fill in the blanks.
that
where
whether
What
that
whoever
why
what
what(ever)
where
Thanks!

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