2026年春译林版八年级下册 Unit 5 Good manners.同步词汇笔记(学案)

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2026年春译林版八年级下册 Unit 5 Good manners.同步词汇笔记(学案)

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译林版 八下 Unit 5 Good manners.同步词汇笔记
序号 单词 派生词 常考搭配 真题例句 易错点提醒
1 manners / m n z/ n. [pl.] 礼仪,礼貌 manner n. 方式,方法 1. good manners(有礼貌)2. table manners(餐桌礼仪) It’s important to have good manners in public.(在公共场合有礼貌很重要。) 单复数易错:表“礼貌”用复数manners;表“方式”用单数manner
2 litter / l t (r)/ n. 垃圾 无 1. drop litter(乱扔垃圾)2. collect litter(收集垃圾) We should not drop litter on the street.(我们不应该在街上乱扔垃圾。) 不可数名词易错:无复数形式,不可加s
3 tap /t p/ n. 水龙头 无 1. turn on the tap(打开水龙头)2. turn off the tap(关掉水龙头) Remember to turn off the tap when you brush your teeth.(刷牙时记得关掉水龙头。) 无
4 wait in line /we t n la n/ — 排队等候 无 1. wait in line patiently(耐心排队)2. wait in line for a bus(排队等公交) People should wait in line when they buy tickets.(人们买票时应该排队。) 搭配易错:line前不加the,不可说wait in the line
5 patiently / pe ntli/ adv. 耐心地 patient adj. 耐心的 1. listen patiently(耐心倾听)2. wait patiently(耐心等待) The teacher listened to the student’s problem patiently.(老师耐心倾听了学生的问题。) 派生词拼写易错:patient 勿写成patience(名词,耐心)
6 congratulation /k n ɡr t u le n/ n. 祝贺 congratulate v. 祝贺 1. offer congratulations(致以祝贺)2. congratulations on sth.(祝贺某事) Congratulations on your success in the exam.(祝贺你考试取得成功。) 常用复数易错:表祝贺时多用复数congratulations
7 hallway / h lwe / n. 走廊;正门过道 无 1. in the hallway(在走廊里)2. walk through the hallway(穿过走廊) Don’t run in the hallway at school.(在学校不要在走廊里奔跑。) 合成词拼写易错:不可拆写为hall way
8 on time / n ta m/ — 准时 无 1. arrive on time(准时到达)2. finish the work on time(准时完成工作) You must get to school on time every day.(你每天必须准时到校。) 短语辨析易错:on time 表“准时”,in time 表“及时”
9 feel at home /fi l t h m/ — 舒服自在,不拘束 无 1. feel at home in the new class(在新班级里感到自在)2. make sb. feel at home(让某人感到宾至如归) The kind host made us feel at home.(友善的主人让我们感到宾至如归。) 搭配易错:home 前不加冠词,不可说feel at the home
10 normally / n m li/ adv. 通常 normal adj. 正常的 1. normally go to bed(通常睡觉)2. normally work(通常工作) I normally get up at seven o’clock in the morning.(我通常早上七点起床。) 拼写易错:易漏写中间字母m,勿写成normally
11 address / dres/ vt. 称呼(某人) 无 1. address sb. as(称呼某人为……)2. address the teacher(称呼老师) We usually address our head teacher as “Mr. Li”.(我们通常称呼班主任为“李老师”。) 发音易错:动词读/ dres/,名词“地址”也读/ dres/
12 politeness /p la tn s/ n. 礼貌 polite adj. 礼貌的 1. show politeness(表现出礼貌)2. the politeness of sb.(某人的礼貌) His politeness makes him popular among classmates.(他的礼貌让他在同学中很受欢迎。) 不可数名词易错:无复数形式,不可加s
13 realize / r la z/ (=realise) vt. 意识到 无 1. realize one’s mistake(意识到自己的错误)2. realize the importance(意识到重要性) She didn’t realize that she was late for class.(她没有意识到自己上课迟到了。) 拼写易错:英式拼写realise,美式拼写realize,中考均认可
14 behave /b he v/ vi. 表现 behaviour n. 行为 1. behave well(表现好)2. behave properly(举止得体) Children should behave politely in public places.(孩子们在公共场所应该举止礼貌。) 派生词拼写易错:behaviour 易漏写字母u
15 differently / d fr ntli/ adv. 不同地 different adj. 不同的 1. think differently(想法不同)2. do things differently(做事方式不同) Different people think about the problem differently.(不同的人对这个问题看法不同。) 派生词搭配易错:different 后接名词复数,如different ways
16 praise /pre z/ n.&vt. 称赞,赞美 无 1. praise sb. for sth.(因某事表扬某人)2. give praise to sb.(表扬某人) The teacher praised her for her hard work.(老师表扬了她的努力。) 词性辨析易错:可作名词或动词,用法一致
17 pleased /pli zd/ adj. 高兴 please v. 请;使高兴 1. be pleased with(对……满意)2. be pleased to do sth.(乐意做某事) My parents are pleased with my exam results.(我父母对我的考试成绩很满意。) 形容词辨析易错:pleased 修饰人,pleasant 修饰物
18 reply /r pla / vi.&n. 回答,答复 无 1. reply to a letter(回信)2. make a reply(作出答复) He didn’t reply to my question yesterday.(他昨天没有回答我的问题。) 搭配易错:reply 是不及物动词,后接宾语需加to
19 modest / m d st/ adj. 谦虚的 无 1. modest person(谦虚的人)2. be modest about sth.(对某事谦虚) She is very modest about her achievements.(她对自己的成就很谦虚。) 拼写易错:易漏写中间字母e,勿写成modest
20 openly / p nli/ adv. 公开地,毫不隐瞒地 open adj. 开放的;v. 打开 1. talk openly(坦诚交谈)2. express opinions openly(公开表达观点) She openly admitted that she made a mistake.(她坦诚地承认自己犯了错。) 派生词搭配易错:open 作形容词表“开放的”,如open door
21 host /h st/ n. 主人 无 1. a good host(好客的主人)2. host of the party(派对的主人) The host of the party welcomed us warmly.(派对的主人热情地欢迎了我们。) 词义辨析易错:host 表“主人”,hostess 表“女主人”
22 hospitable /h sp t bl/ adj. 好客的,热情友好的 无 1. hospitable people(好客的人们)2. hospitable host(热情的主人) People in this town are very hospitable to tourists.(这个镇上的人对游客很热情。) 拼写易错:多音节词易漏写字母,可拆分记忆hos-pi-ta-ble
23 plate /ple t/ n. 盘子,碟子 无 1. a plate of food(一盘食物)2. wash the plates(洗盘子) She put a plate of fruit on the table.(她在桌上放了一盘水果。) 搭配易错:表“一盘……”用a plate of + 名词
24 refuse /r fju z/ vi.&vt. 拒绝,回绝 无 1. refuse to do sth.(拒绝做某事)2. refuse an invitation(拒绝邀请) He refused to help me with my homework.(他拒绝帮我做作业。) 搭配易错:refuse 后接不定式,不可接动名词
25 used to sth/doing sth / ju st tu s mθ / — 习惯于某事(物),适应某事(物) 无 1. used to living here(习惯住在这里)2. used to the weather(适应这种天气) She is used to drinking milk before bed.(她习惯睡前喝牛奶。) 短语辨析易错:易与used to do(过去常常做某事)混淆
26 fully / f li/ adv. 完全地,全部地,充分地 full adj. 满的;完全的 1. fully understand(完全理解)2. fully prepare(充分准备) I fully agree with your opinion.(我完全同意你的观点。) 派生词搭配易错:full 表“满的”,如full of water
27 all at once / l t w ns/ — 一起;同时 无 1. all at once start to sing(突然一起唱歌)2. happen all at once(同时发生) All at once, it began to rain heavily.(突然,下起了大雨。) 短语辨析易错:all at once 表“突然”,at once 表“立刻”
28 jump the line /d mp la n/ — 插队 无 1. don’t jump the line(不要插队)2. hate jumping the line(讨厌插队) It’s impolite to jump the line when buying things.(买东西时插队是不礼貌的。) 搭配易错:line 前必须加the,不可说jump line
29 loudly / la dli/ adv. 吵闹地 loud adj. 大声的 1. talk loudly(大声说话)2. laugh loudly(大声笑) Don’t talk loudly in the library.(不要在图书馆里大声说话。) 副词辨析易错:loudly 表“吵闹地”,loud 作副词表“大声地”
30 push /p / vi.&vt. 挤开;推动 无 1. push the door(推门)2. push forward(向前挤) Don’t push others when you get on the bus.(上车时不要推别人。) 词义辨析易错:push 表“推”,pull 表“拉”,互为反义词
31 past /pɑ st/ prep. 在另一边,到另一侧 无 1. walk past the park(走过公园)2. go past the shop(经过商店) She walked past my house this morning.(她今天早上从我家门前走过。) 词性辨析易错:易与pass(动词,经过)混淆
32 in one's way / n w nz we / — 挡道 无 1. stand in one’s way(挡路)2. get out of one’s way(让路) Sorry, you are in my way. Please move a little.(抱歉,你挡到我了,请挪一下。) 搭配易错:one’s 需根据主语替换,如in my way/in his way
33 discussion /d sk n/ n. 讨论 discuss v. 讨论 1. have a discussion(进行讨论)2. a heated discussion(激烈的讨论) We had a discussion about the plan yesterday.(我们昨天就这个计划进行了讨论。) 派生词搭配易错:discuss 是及物动词,后接宾语不加about
34 promise / pr m s/ vt.&vi. 承诺,许诺 无 1. promise to do sth.(承诺做某事)2. keep a promise(遵守承诺) He promised to help me with my English.(他承诺帮我学英语。) 搭配易错:promise 后接不定式,不可接动名词
35 keep one's word /ki p w nz w d/ — 信守诺言 无 1. always keep one’s word(总是信守诺言)2. never break one’s word(从不食言) A person who keeps his word is trustworthy.(信守诺言的人值得信赖。) 短语辨析易错:keep one’s word = keep a promise
36 pear /pe (r)/ n. 梨 无 1. a sweet pear(甜梨)2. pear tree(梨树) My grandmother grows many pear trees in her garden.(我奶奶在花园里种了很多梨树。) 复数形式易错:pears 勿写成peares
37 even though / i vn / — 尽管;即使 无 1. even though it rains(尽管下雨)2. even though he is young(尽管他年纪小) Even though he is tired, he keeps working.(尽管他很累,他仍坚持工作。) 用法易错:even though 不可与but 连用在同一句中
38 belong /b l / vi. 应在(某处);适应 无 1. belong here(属于这里)2. belong to the team(融入团队) This book belongs on the shelf.(这本书应该放在书架上。) 搭配易错:后接“属于”含义时必须加to
39 belong to /b l tu/ — 属于 无 1. belong to me(属于我)2. belong to the school(属于学校) This dictionary belongs to my brother.(这本词典是我哥哥的。) 语态易错:无被动语态,不可说is belonged to
40 respectfully /r spektf li/ adv. 尊敬地 respectful adj. 恭敬的;respect v. 尊敬 1. speak respectfully(恭敬地说话)2. listen respectfully(恭敬地倾听) The students bowed respectfully to the teacher.(学生们恭敬地向老师鞠躬。) 派生词辨析易错:respectful 表“恭敬的”,respected 表“受尊敬的”
41 move /mu v/ vt. (使)感动,打动 moving adj. 令人感动的;moved adj. 感动的 1. move sb. deeply(深深打动某人)2. be moved by the story(被故事感动) The movie moved all the audience to tears.(这部电影让所有观众感动得流泪。) 形容词辨析易错:moving 修饰物,moved 修饰人
42 earphone / f n/ n. 耳机 无 1. a pair of earphones(一副耳机)2. wear earphones(戴耳机) He likes to listen to music with earphones.(他喜欢用耳机听音乐。) 单复数易错:常用复数形式,表“一副”用a pair of
43 circle / s kl/ n. 圆圈 无 1. draw a circle(画圆圈)2. a circle of friends(朋友圈) The children sat in a circle on the grass.(孩子们在草地上围成一个圆圈坐着。) 拼写易错:易漏写中间字母c,勿写成cirle
44 tip /t p/ n. 小费 无 1. give a tip(给小费)2. leave a tip(留下小费) In some countries, people usually give tips to waiters.(在一些国家,人们通常给服务员小费。) 词义拓展易错:tip 还可表“建议”,如a useful tip(实用建议)
45 peaceful / pi sfl/ adj. 安静的,平静的 peace n. 和平 1. peaceful life(平静的生活)2. peaceful place(安静的地方) We spent a peaceful weekend in the countryside.(我们在乡下度过了一个平静的周末。) 派生词拼写易错:peace 勿漏写字母e
46 impolite / mp la t/ adj. 失礼的,粗鲁的 polite adj. 礼貌的 1. impolite behavior(粗鲁的行为)2. be impolite to sb.(对某人粗鲁) It’s impolite to interrupt others when they are talking.(别人说话时插嘴是不礼貌的。) 前缀用法易错:im- 表否定,反义词为polite
47 hug /h ɡ/ n.,vt.&vi. 拥抱 无 1. give sb. a hug(给某人一个拥抱)2. hug tightly(紧紧拥抱) The mother hugged her child warmly.(妈妈热情地拥抱了孩子。) 过去式/分词易错:hugged/hugged,双写g
48 kiss /k s/ n.,vt.&vi. 亲吻 无 1. give sb. a kiss(亲吻某人)2. kiss sb. goodbye(吻别某人) She kissed her baby goodnight.(她亲吻宝宝道晚安。) 过去式/分词易错:kissed/kissed,直接加ed
49 quietly / kwa tli/ adv. 安静地;平静地 quiet adj. 安静的 1. walk quietly(安静地走)2. sit quietly(安静地坐着) The students are reading quietly in the classroom.(学生们正在教室里安静地看书。) 派生词拼写易错:quiet 勿写成quite(相当)
50 rush /r / vi.&vt. 急促;仓促行事;冲 无 1. rush to school(匆忙赶往学校)2. rush out of the room(冲出房间) Don’t rush. You still have enough time.(别急,你还有足够的时间。) 搭配易错:rush to do sth. 表“匆忙做某事”
51 unless / n les/ conj. 除非 无 1. unless you work hard(除非你努力)2. unless it rains(除非下雨) You will fail the exam unless you study hard.(除非你努力学习,否则你会考试不及格。) 用法易错:unless = if not,不可与not 连用
52 tasty / te sti/ adj. 美味的,可口的 taste v. 品尝;n. 味道 1. tasty food(美味的食物)2. tasty cake(可口的蛋糕) My mom made a tasty dinner for us.(妈妈给我们做了一顿美味的晚餐。) 形容词辨析易错:tasty 表“美味的”,tasteful 表“有品味的”
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