资源简介

(共30张PPT)
English Language Grammar Rules
Passive Voice
learning objectives
By the end of the class, students will be able to:
1.Distinguish between sentences written in the active and passive voice and identify their core grammatical structures.
2.Accurately transform simple sentences from active voice to passive voice.
3.Evaluate when and how to use the passive voice appropriately.
Lead In
What happened
Who did it
How to describe the situation
The window was broken by someone.
Whoa!
What is Voice
In English grammar, “voice” is a grammatical category that describes the relationship between the action expressed by the verb and the participants identified by the subject and object.
It tells us whether the subject of the sentence is performing the action or receiving the action.
There are two primary voices in English:
1. Active Voice
2. Passive Voice
1. Active Voice
In the active voice, the subject of the sentence is the doer or agent of the action. The subject is actively performing the verb.
Eg:Structure: Subject + Verb + Object
Focus:The person or thing performing the action.
Eg:太阳温暖了地球。
The sun
warm
the earth.
Subject
in the front
object
in the behind
transitive verb in the middle
Tense&S-V agreement
s
2. Passive Voice
In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence is the receiver of the action. The subject is being acted upon.
Structure:Subject + be + done + (by + Agent)
Focus:The person or thing receiving the action.
1.S + V + O
Eg：She asked me to present first.
宾格变主格in the front
主格变宾格放在by后in the behind
verb变be+done in the middle
Tense&S-V agreement
was asked to present
I
by her.
first
单宾语句子被动化
2. S + V + Oi + Od
Eg：
He gave his foreign friend a beautiful piece of Chinese silk.
(A)
(B)
His foreign friend was given a beautiful piece of
Chinese silk by him.
A beautiful piece of Chinese silk was given to him
by his foreign friend.
3. S + V + O + C
Eg：
We consider the Great Wall a symbol of China.
The Great Wall is considered a symbol of China.
4.Get sth done
Fill in the blank below
(2025全国II卷)She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests (use) at their home schools.
being used
Structure passive structure
S+Vi
S+V+O
S+V+C
S+V+Oi+Od
S+V+O+C
Get...done
passive structure
Structure passive structure
S+Vi X
S+V+O O变主格+be done+by S变宾格
S+V+C X
S+V+Oi+Od 1.Oi变主格+be done +Od+by S变宾格2.Od变主格+be done+to Oi+by S变宾格
S+V+O+C O变主格+be done+C+by S变宾格
Get...done get...done
passive structure
完成时的被动语态
Eg：
No one has ever sat on that chair since he died.
He had turned off the light before he left.
Passive structure change according to tense type
That chair has never been sat on since he died.
The light had been turned off before he left.
进行时的被动语态
Eg：
They are debating the case in court.
The case is being debated in court.
tense type structure
Simple Present
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Simple Past
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Future Simple
Future Perfect
Modal
passive structure
tense type structure
Simple Present am / is / are + done
Present Continuous am / is / are being + done
Present Perfect have / has been + done
Simple Past was / were + done
Past Continuous was / were being + done
Past Perfect had been + done
Future Simple will be + done
Future Perfect will have been + done
Modal can / should / must + be + done
passive structure
what do you think of the sentences below:
It is hoped by everyone that the fair will be supported by the whole community next semester.
Everyone hopes the whole community will support the fair next semester.
The manager approved the plan, the assistant printed the documents, the team distributed the flyers(传单), and the interns(实习生) collected the feedback.
After the plan was approved, the documents were printed, flyers distributed, and feedback collected.
voice your opinion
better
better
When to Use the Passive Voice
1. When you want to emphasize the action or the recipient of the action:
"The president was sworn in on the steps of the Capitol." (The focus is on the president, not the person who administered the oath.)
2. In scientific or formal writing to maintain objectivity:
"The solution was heated to 100°C." (This focuses on the experiment, not the researcher.)
3. When the doer is unknown:
"My car was stolen last night." (We don't know who did it.)
4. When the doer is obvious or unimportant:
"This house was built in 1890." (The specific builders are unimportant.)
句子赏析
Eg：
The chairman should step down for now because the court is investigating him for a possible crime.
这个句子主句的主语是 the chairman，从属连词 because 引导的状语从句主语却是 the court。当然，前后两个从句的主语并不是一定要相同。不过，如果能够改成两个从句的主语相同，那么这个句子的叙述就会感觉比较连贯、修辞效果会加强如下：
The chairman should step down for now because he is being investigated for a possible crime.
（不佳）
(better)
Practice：
Because the nurse told him to wait outside, the man found a chair and sat down. （不佳）
在 because 引导的状语从句中，him 是动作承受者，但是在主句中 the man 却是主语。这两个子句中的主语不一致，造成叙事不连贯，可以采用被动态改写如下：
两个从句改成主语相同之后，连贯性增强了。不过，被动态的修辞效果还不止于此。一旦主语变成相同，状语从句就可以进行省略，如下：
, the man found a chair and sat down.
这么一来，句子当中消除掉重复的元素，变得更为简洁、修辞效果就更好了。
Because the man was told to wait outside, he found a chair and sat down.
Told to wait outside
Summary
Whose story is passive voice telling—the doer's, or the receiver's
"I did something." (Front-line perspective)
"Something was done (by me)." (Background perspective)
Active Voice
Passive Voice
key aspects for passive voice transformation
#1. The Basic Passive Pattern
(Object becomes Subject) + Form of "be" + done +by + (Subject becomes Object)
#3. Subject-Verb Agreement
When passive voice is used,S-V
agreement should be considered accordingly.
#2. Verb Tense Consistency
#4. Special Cases
A. Verbs with Two Objects
B. Intransitive Verbs ( )
C. Modal Auxiliaries (can, could...)+be/have been done
When passive voice is used,V-tense agreement should be considered according to different verb tenses
Grabmmar
Check
"You are not defined by your past; you are prepared by it."
After the class
1.“The project will be finished next month.” 的主动语态对应句是？
A. They finish the project next month.
B. They will finish the project next month.
C. They are finishing the project next month.
D. They have finished the project next month.
√
after the class
2.True or false
(1)被动语态的核心结构是 **be + 过去分词**。
(2)所有动词都可以用于被动语态。
(3)过去进行时被动结构是 was/were + being + 过去分词。
√
×
√
after the class
3.语法填空
(2025全国I卷B)Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that
could (interpret) as a thesis (论点) statement.
(2025全国I卷C) Whole neighbourhoods (destroy) to make way for new road networks.
(2025全国I卷C) Safety improvements might (make) to our streets in recent years.
(2025全国I卷D) The players’ personalities (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent.
(2024新高考I卷A) Training and tools will (provide).
(2024新高考I卷D)Biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification
of their (upload) image.
be interpreted
were destroyed
have been made
are revealed
will be provided
uploaded
Act it out
The scene: In the living room, a beautiful vase lies in pieces on the floor. Leo stands frozen nearby. Cousin and Big Brother enter, followed by his Older Sister.
The broken vase
1.Simple Present Passive
(2025全国I卷A) Much is still (settle).
(2025全国II卷A) One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta (display) there.
(2024新高考I卷D) These data (bias) toward certain species with attractive
or eye-catching features.
2.Simple Past Passive
(2025全国I卷C) The way they demonstrated how microplastics (trap) through the boiling process was nice.
(2025全国II卷D) It should be noted that none of the items on WASTED’s
menu (make) from garbage.
(2024新高考I卷B) He (amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments.
3.Modal + Be + Past Participle (Passive Infinitive)
(2025全国II卷A) Goods could (ship) and received using the river as a highway.
(2024新高考I卷A) Groups of five or more must (confirm) in advance.
unsettled/to be settled
is displayed
are biased
were trapped
was made
was amazed
be shipped
be confirmed
homework
4.Modal Perfect Passive (Might / Could Have Been + Past Participle)
(2025全国I卷C) Safety improvements might (make) to our streets in recent years.
5.Present Perfect Passive (Have / Has Been + Past Participle)
(2025全国II卷七选五) Volunteering during teenage years (link) to some major positive effects.
6.Future Passive (Will Be + Past Participle)
(2024新高考I卷A) Training and tools will (provide).
7.Causative Passive (Have + Object + Past Participle)
(2024新高考I 卷A) Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section (sign).
have been made
has been linked
be provided
signed
Thanks!
A smooth sea never made a skilled sailor.

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