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(共45张PPT)
Revision---
Attributive Clause
1. God helps those who help themselves.
自助者天助之。
2. He who laughs last laughs best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
高考怎么考？
1.语法填空题考查关系词的填写
2.写作（使用定语从句让文章增色）
高考真题
1.（2025北京卷）Hwever, accrding to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, __which___ accunted for about 8% f the total global gas release in 2024.
2. (2025全国卷1）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by G, r weiqi in Chinese, _which__originated in China mre than 4,000 years ago.
定语从句
一、概念:　在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语) “……的”）一般紧跟在名词或代词的后面。
(Attributive clause)
The girl is a smart student.
The girl who is singing over there is my sister.
形容词作定语
句子作定语,修饰the girl, 叫做定语从句
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which, that ,who, whom, whose, as
where, when，why
The girl who is singing over there is my sister.
关
系
词
关系代词
that, which,who,whom,whose,as
关系副词 when,where,why.
作用
(1)引导定语从句:
(2)代替先行词;
(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分.
关系代词引导定语从句
who
whom
whose
that
which
一、关系代词
1.（2022年全国甲卷）On the 1,100 - kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
who
1.作定从的主语/宾语，指人
2.作主语时不可省略
3.指代先行词
2. (2023年新高考II卷）The woman ____ I talked to yesterday is my teacher.
whom
1.作定从的宾语,指人
2.可省略
3.指代先行词
3.（2024年1月浙江卷）Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money.
which
1.作定从的主语或宾语,指物
2.作宾语可省略
3.指代先行词
4.(2023年全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
that
1.作定从的主语或宾语
2.指物或人
3.作宾语可省略
4.指代先行词
5. (2020年新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
whose
1.作定从的定语
2.指物或人
3.不可省略
4.指代先行词=sb's/sth's
I once lived in a house ____ was broken.
A. whose roof B. which roof
C. of which the roof
D. the roof of which
ACD
whose＋n＝of which/whom the +n
=the +n+of which/whom
the roof of the house
指代人 指代物 指人或物
主语
宾语
定语
在从句中的作用
指代功能
Who/that
Which/that
that
whom/who/that
whose=of whom
Which/that
that
Whose=of which
引导定语从句的关系代词
何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略
1.Yesterday I helped an old man ______ had lost his way.
2. Mr. Liu is the person ______ you talked about on the bus.
3. Li Ming is just the boy ______ I want to see.
4. The factory _____ makes computers is far away from here.
5. This is the pen _______ he bought yesterday.
6. Do you like the book ______ cover is yellow
7. The classroom ______ door is broken will soon be repaired.
1.只能用that的情况
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
③everything, something, nothing, all,
anything, little, much等不定代词作先行词时
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
⑤ 主句已有who或which时
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.
⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
2.只用which不用that的情况
①先行词在非限制性定语从句中充
当主语或宾语。
His money was stolen by a thief, made him very sad.
②.当关系代词前有介词。
This is the factory in my mother works.
which
which
（用who 不用that 的情况
① 先行词为人称代词he,they 等时，关系代词多用who
He knows others is learned.
知人者有学问。
②先行词为指人的不定代词 somebody, one,
anyone, few, those 等时，多用who
Those want to go to the Great Wall
sign up here.
3.只用who不用that的情况）
who
who
4.关系代词who,which, that,在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
Anyone who __ over 20 can join the army.
I ,who ____ your friend , will help you.
is
am
5. as与which的用法区别
难 点
自 测
The Chinese government has decided to end its one-child policy, ____ is expected to increase the population.
which
as引导限制性定语从句
先行词：人或物
在从句中成分：主、宾、表
在限制性定语从句时，先行词前有such，so， the same， as等词，且从句缺主或宾或表语时，用as引导定从。
She is so clever a girl ___ everyone likes.
改错
Such machines which are used in our workshop are made in China.
as
as
1.The earth is round, _________ is known to all.
which
/as
2. ____ is known to all, the earth is round.
As
as 具有“正如”之意，搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：
as you know/ as you see/as we planned/
as we expected
6. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g.
There is an expression in his eyes that we can’t understand.
———
Have you got it
Let’s go!
one
two
four
five
six
three
next part
Those____respect others will be respected in return.
who
This is the book___my teacher recommended last week.
that
Do you know the boy___father is a doctor.
whose
He is such a kind person___everyone likes to make friends with.
as
Is there anyone ____you can turn to for help in this new city
whom
The river,____ runs through the center of the city,is our main water source.
which
微写作
1.I forgot to bring my homework to school. It made my teacher very angry.(用定语从句优化）
难度系数
I forgot to bring my homework to school, which made my teacher very angry.
微写作
2. She stayed up late to finish the project. It helped her get good feedback.(用定语从句优化）
She stayed up late to finish the project, which helped her get good feedback.
请用2-3句来翻译(含一句定语从句）
1.描写你最熟悉的人
2 .描述你最喜欢的歌曲或者电影
难度系数
难度系数
（主题：AI与生活变化）
AI has become a part of daily life. The smart speaker ______ I got as a birthday gift can control lights and play music. There’s an AI chatbot ______ helps me plan study schedules—its suggestions are always practical. The reason ______ more people trust AI is that it saves time.
Last weekend, I visited a tech exhibition ______ showed the latest AI products. The guide ______ explained the products to us was a college student majoring in AI. There was a robot ______ could dance to pop songs, ______ made everyone laugh. I also tried a virtual (虚拟的) classroom ______ students can take classes with teachers from all over the world.
The day ended with a talk by a researcher ______ work focuses on AI safety. This is the experience ______ made me want to learn more about AI.
难度系数
（主题：AI与生活变化）
AI has become a part of daily life. The smart speaker which/that I got as a birthday gift can control lights and play music. There’s an AI chatbot which/that helps me plan study schedules—its suggestions are always practical. The reason why more people trust AI is that it saves time.
Last weekend, I visited a tech exhibition which/thatshowed the latest AI products. The guide _who/that explained the products to us was a college student majoring in AI. There was a robot which/that could dance to pop songs, which made everyone laugh. I also tried a virtual (虚拟的) classroom where students can take classes with teachers from all over the world.
The day ended with a talk by a researcher whose work focuses on AI safety. This is the experience which/that made me want to learn more about AI.
summary
关系词 指代对象 功能（从句中成分） 关键用点+易错点
that 人/物 主语，宾语 1.限制定语从句专用，非限定不用：2.先行词含the only/最高级等修饰时必用;3.作宾语时可省略
which 物 主语，宾语 1.可用于限定/非限定从句
2.介词后只能用which(不能用that)
who 人 主语，宾语 1.限制定语从句中可作主/宾，非限定中仅作主;2.作宾语时可省略
whom 人 宾语 1.仅作宾语;2.介词后必须用whom(不能用who/that)
whose 人/物 定语（接名词） 表“......的”，后必须跟名词，可替换为of which/whom
as 人/物/整句 主语，宾语 1.用于固定句式中
2.非限定中可代替整句，位置灵活（句首/中/末）
评价项目 评价标准 得分（0-5分）
概念清楚吗 知道什么是定语从句，能认出先行词和关系词
关系词选得对吗 能根据先行词（人/物等）选对关系词
句子写得对吗 定语从句结构正确，语序不乱
会用在写作里吗 写作时能主动用定语从句，句子通顺
课堂表现积极吗 积极回答问题，参与讨论
本节课定语从句学习自我评价表
你各项得分相加：___分（满分25）
优秀：23-25分 良好：18-22分
达标：13-17分 待提升：12分以下
Homework
write a short passage to describe our school using the attributive clause
Thank you for listening!

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